英語虛擬語氣語法歸納總結(jié)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上虛擬語氣:表示說的話不是事實，不可能發(fā)生或者說可能性很小的情況，表達一種愿望、建議、假設。一、 條件狀語從句中的用法從句 謂語形式主句 謂語形式現(xiàn)在were/ did would/could/should (+not)+ do過去had done would/could/should/might (not)+ have done將來1. were/did2. should do3. were to dowould/could/should/might(not)+ do 簡單記法：if were/did, would doif had done, would have

2、doneif were to do/should do, would do舉例：If I were you, I would do nothing about it.If you had taken your teachers advice, you wouldnt have made such a mistake.If it were to/ should rain tomorrow(表示降水率很低)，they wouldnt go shopping.附注：虛擬語氣，條件狀從倒裝狀語從句中，去掉if,提前were/ had/ should如：If I were you, I would gi

3、ve up.Were I you, I would give upIf you had taken the advice, you would have.Had you taken the advice, you would haveIf the world should come to an end,Should the world come to an end另外，without, but for, otherwise構(gòu)成的條件狀語從句中，也有含蓄的虛擬語氣But for the popularization of electricity, we would lead a whole di

4、fferent life today.(popularization 普及，publicity 宣傳)Without your help, I would have failed.Well go earlier, otherwise we wouldnt get a seat. （表示可能性小）但其實，高中英語考試也常考：錯綜虛擬語氣條件句即： 假設條件狀從發(fā)生的時間與所假設的謂語動詞不一致，此時，主句和從句要根據(jù)各自的時間而定。舉例：If our government had known better how to lay out the road construction, the tra

5、ffic jam problem would not be so serious today.(lay out 規(guī)劃、設計、安排、陳設、擺放 layout n.布局、規(guī)劃)二、特殊句式：1. wish +賓語從句現(xiàn)在Weredid過去Had done將來Would/could/might do 去掉shouldI wish my parents wouldnt punish me.I wish I hadnt made such an irrevocable mistake. (irrevocable不可撤銷、不可以挽回的)2.十個詞一堅持：insist （表示堅持主張、認為，不表示堅持說）二

6、命令：order, command三建議：advise, propose, suggest （表示建議，不表示表明、顯示、暗示）四要求：desire, demand, require, request (兩R兩D)這些動詞后面的賓語從句要使用 (should +) do的形式 should可省略例：We suggested that Tom （should）have a rest.Its suggested that the plan be carried out before long. (before long, 不久之后, long before很久以前)嘗試翻譯：他堅決要求我到場 同時

7、，這些動詞的名詞形式構(gòu)成的名詞性從句（主語從句、表語從句、同位語）也要用虛擬語氣order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire.例Its an order that the soldiers obey the rules in the army.My suggestion is that everyone of us three finish one part of this project and then we integrate them together. (integrate整合)3. would rather

8、 寧愿 從句當中謂語形式現(xiàn)在過去時過去過去完成時將來過去時I would rather you paid me now.I would rather you had been to the movie instead of me.Dont come today, I would rather you came tomorrow.4. 部分As if/though 句子 好像、似乎Tom told me this fairy tale in a manner as if it had happened for real yesterday.5. If only. 要是就好了從句中謂語動詞形式：現(xiàn)

9、在過去式過去Had doneIf only she knew that it's I who sent the gift to her.6. Its ( about/ high) time that 是時候做+ 1、過去式 2、should doIt's time that you went to bed.說到這里，補充兩個句式：It is the 1st (2nd /3rd ) time that have/ has done.It was the 1st time that had done.7. Its necessary/ strange/ natural/ impor

10、tant/essential that. 從句動詞用 (should) doIts essential that we master a foreign language when doing international trade and business. (essential 必要的、本質(zhì)的、基本的.)8. 情態(tài)動詞+have donewould have done 本來要做could have done 本能夠做（卻沒做）might have done 本來可能should/ought to have done 本來應該做shouldnt/ oughtnt to have done 本

11、來不應該做neednt have done 本來不必要做你本來不應該告訴她真相。當時我沒有足夠的錢，否則我會買那本書的。練習：1. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it_.A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken2. He talked as if he _ for years. A. is living there B. was living there C. has lived there D. had lived there.3

12、. _ you listened to the doctor, you _all right now. A. Had, would be B. Had, would have been C. If, would be D. If, would have been4. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _ much easier. A. will be B. would be C. could have been D. would have been5._ today, he would get there by Friday. (雙選) A.

13、 Had he left B. Was he leaving C. Were he to leave D. If he leave E. Would he leave6. He treated me as though _ his own son. A. I am B. I would be C. I was D. I were7. _I be free tomorrow, I could go with you A. Could B. Should C. Might D. Must8. Should it rain, the crops_ A. would be saved B. would

14、 have been saved C. will be saved D. had been saved9. Have you ever been to Tokyo? -No. but I wish I _.A. have B. will C. do D. had10 .I wish I _ there then.A. was B. were C. had been D. would be11. She was so upset that she burst into tears. I would rather you _her all about it,A didnt tell B. hadn

15、t toldB. dont tell D. wont tell12. The young man insisted that he _ nothing wrong and _free A. did; set B. had done; should be set C. should do; be set D. had done; must be set13. He made the demand that the journalists _ at once _Iraq A. leave; for B. leave; to C. left; to D. to be left; for14. The

16、 guard at the gate insisted that everybody _ the rules. A. obeys B. obey15. Its time that we _ to bed. A. must go B. will go C. went D. have gone16. If only I _ my watch. A. hadnt lost B. havent lost C. didnt D. dont17. If only I _ as young as you are. A. being B. am C. be D. were E. was18. A few minutes earlier and we _ the train. (雙選) A. have caught B. had caught C. were to catch D. could have caugh