中考英語專題18U、V、W、Y字部-2020年中考英語復(fù)習(xí)之重點(diǎn)核心詞匯詳解_第1頁
中考英語專題18U、V、W、Y字部-2020年中考英語復(fù)習(xí)之重點(diǎn)核心詞匯詳解_第2頁
中考英語專題18U、V、W、Y字部-2020年中考英語復(fù)習(xí)之重點(diǎn)核心詞匯詳解_第3頁
中考英語專題18U、V、W、Y字部-2020年中考英語復(fù)習(xí)之重點(diǎn)核心詞匯詳解_第4頁
中考英語專題18U、V、W、Y字部-2020年中考英語復(fù)習(xí)之重點(diǎn)核心詞匯詳解_第5頁
免費(fèi)預(yù)覽已結(jié)束,剩余6頁可下載查看

下載本文檔

版權(quán)說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)

文檔簡介

1、2020 年中考英語復(fù)習(xí)之重點(diǎn)核心詞匯詳解專題十八 U,V ,W,Y 字部1. understand v.懂得,理解,明白;了解,知道;諒解,體諒詞形變化:過去式 understood,過去分詞 understood 用法: make oneself understood 清楚表達(dá)自己的意思; understand+ that/wh- 從句。例如:I 'm not very good at German, but I can make myself understood. 我德語不太好,不過我能說清楚自己的意思。 You don 't need to understand ho

2、w computers work to be able to use them. 要使用計(jì)算機(jī)不需要非得搞懂它的工 作原理。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換:understanding adj.了解的額,有理解力的; n.諒解,理解; understandable adj.可以理解的反義詞:misunderstand v.誤解,誤會( 2019 ,北京卷,閱讀 C)To a certain degree, we can understand and control our experience of time passing.2. usev.&n. 利用,使用,應(yīng)用關(guān)聯(lián)詞組: make (full/good)

3、 use of (充分) 使用, 利用; be in use 在使用中; be of use (to sb.)(對某人) 有用; for use 供使用; easy to use使用方便; It's no use doing st做h.某事沒用動詞用法: 常用結(jié)構(gòu)有 use sth. as sth把. 某物用作; use sth. to do sth.用某物做某事; use sth. for (doing) sth. 為(做)某事使用某物。例如:My parents use the house as a holiday home. 我父母把這房子用作度假屋。Most people no

4、w use their cars to go shopping. 現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)人開車去購物。They were using animals for scientific tests. 他們用動物做科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)。 名詞用法:1 可數(shù)名詞,表示“用途,用處”。例如:Robots have many different uses in modern industry. 機(jī)器人在現(xiàn)代工業(yè)中有多種不同用途。2 不可數(shù)名詞,表示“用,使用”,指用的動作,僅以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn);其后通常接介詞of 。例如:the increasing use of computers in education 電腦在教育領(lǐng)域中越來越多

5、的使用詞性轉(zhuǎn)換: used adj. 二手的,使用過的;習(xí)慣的; usable adj.可用的; useful adj.有用的,有益的,有幫 助的; useless adj. 無用的; usage n.使用;用法; user n.用戶,使用者(2019,山東卷,單項(xiàng)填空)20. A recent survey shows that 44 percent of Americans want to use self-driving cars, 34 percentbelieve that they will make the roads more dangerous.A. althoughB. b

6、ecause C. if3. usualadj.通常的,平常的,尋常的關(guān)聯(lián)詞組: as usual像往常一樣,照例; usual practice 慣例,通常辦法用法: It is usual (for sb./sth.) (to do sth.) (某人)通常(做某事); longer/higher/worse than usual 比平時(shí)長 / 高/差。例如:It is usual to start a speech by thanking everybody for coming. 講話前先感謝大家光臨,這是慣例。 He came home later than usual. 他回家比平

7、時(shí)晚了些。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換: usually adv.通常,經(jīng)常 近義詞: normal adj. 正常的,一般的(2019,江蘇卷,閱讀表達(dá))I find it very easy to lose myself in my diary when I am away from my usual activities.4. value n.價(jià)值;益處關(guān)聯(lián)詞組: market value 市場價(jià)值; economic value 經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值; social value 社會價(jià)值 用法:1 表示“價(jià)值”,與“錢”相關(guān),相當(dāng)于cost;后跟介詞 of。例如:to go up/rise/increase in v

8、alue 升 /增值; to go down/fall/drop in value 貶值2 表示“重要性,用 /益處”,相當(dāng)于 benefit ,只作不可數(shù)名詞; be of great/little value 很 /沒有價(jià)值。例如: His research has been of little practical value. 他的研究沒有什么實(shí)用價(jià)值。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換: valuable adj. 有價(jià)值的;貴重的; n.貴重物品(2019,江蘇卷,填空)45. The Book of Poetry , the earliest collection of poems, is of great

9、 value in Chinese(歷史).5. visitv.&n. 參觀,游覽;訪問,拜訪,看望動詞用法: visit+ 某地,表示“參觀,游覽”; visit+ 某人,表示“拜訪,看望,訪問”。例如: Which cities did you visit in Spain? 你在西班牙去了哪些城市?Eric went to Seattle to visit his cousins. 埃里克到西雅圖去看望他的表兄弟。 名詞用法: pay a visit to sb./sth. 參觀 /拜訪。例如:If you have time, pay a visit to the local

10、museum. 你若有空,參觀一下當(dāng)?shù)氐牟┪镳^。 關(guān)聯(lián)單詞: visitor n.訪問者;參觀者(2019,北京卷,單項(xiàng)填空)10.If you want to visit the Palace Museum, Itickets for you tomorrow.A. will bookB. booked C. have booked D. was booking6. voicen.說話聲;嗓音用法:1 特指唱歌的“聲音、音質(zhì)”。例如:Sophie 's got a lovely singing voice. 索菲有一副悅耳的歌喉。2 表示“說話聲,嗓音”;常用搭配如speak in

11、a deep/soft/loud/quiet voice 低沉地說、輕柔地說、大聲地說、輕聲地說; raise/lower your voice 提高 /壓低嗓門; keep one' sv oice down 說話輕一些。例如:"The police are here," she said in a low voice. “警察在這兒,”她低聲說。3 還可喻指“意見,呼聲”,或“發(fā)言權(quán),表達(dá)意見的權(quán)利”;其后常接in sth. 。例如:Governments need to listen to the voice of people. 政府需要傾聽民眾的呼聲。詞性

12、轉(zhuǎn)換: voiceless adj. 無聲的; voiced adj. 有聲的;濁音的(2019,江蘇卷,單項(xiàng)填空)9.Could you speak in a loud voice so that I can hear you ?A. quicklyB. happilyC. slowlyD. clearly7. wait v.等(待),等候關(guān)聯(lián)詞組: can' t wait to do sth迫. 不及待做某事; wait and see 走著瞧; keep sb. waiting 讓某人等待 用法:1 wait 接賓語時(shí)通常先接 for ; wait (for sb./sth.)

13、to do sth. 等待()做某事。例如: I sat waiting patiently for the party to end. 我耐心地坐著等待聚會結(jié)束。Are you waiting to use the phone? 你在等著用電話嗎?2 口語中常用 wait a minute/second/moment 表示“等一下;等等”。例如: Wait a moment, just let me think. 等一下,讓我想想。(2019,北京卷,單項(xiàng)填空)1.Mr. Wang is coming to our school. I can wait to see' t.A. he

14、rB. him C. itD. them8. warm adj.暖和的,溫暖的;熱情的用法:1 本義與溫度相關(guān),可形容事物本事溫度適中;可形容身體感到溫暖;可形容衣服或建筑物保暖、防寒; 常和 keep/stay 搭配使用。例如:Here, put on your nice warm coat. 來,穿上你舒適暖和的大衣。Make sure you keep warm! 一定要穿暖和點(diǎn)!2 喻指“熱情的,熱忱的”,相當(dāng)于friendly 。例如:Please give a warm welcome to our special guest. 請熱烈歡迎我們的特邀嘉賓。 詞性轉(zhuǎn)換: warmth

15、 n.溫暖,暖和; warmly adv.溫暖地;熱情地 反義詞: cool adj.涼(爽)的:注意其近義詞 cold (寒冷的)通常與 hot(炎熱的)相對( 2019 ,北京卷,閱讀 A ) My host mother is a Chinese teacher and she is really warm -hearted.9. warnv.警告,提醒,告誡;預(yù)先通知用法: warn sb. about/against sth. 就某事警告某人; warn (sb.) of sth. 警告某人某事; warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警 告某人(不)做某事。 warn

16、 sb. (that/wh- 從句 ) 。例如:He warned us against thieves. 他提醒我們要提防小偷。They warned him of the dangers of sailing alone. 他們警告他獨(dú)自航行的重重危險(xiǎn)。I warned you not to walk home alone. 我告誡過你不要一個(gè)人走路回家。We warned them that there was a tiger in the woods. 我們提醒他們,林子里有一只老虎。 詞性轉(zhuǎn)換: warning n.警告;預(yù)兆,預(yù)告( 2019 ,湖南卷,語篇補(bǔ)全) In some

17、places, fast currents(急流) can sweep swimmers away without warning .10. wastev. 浪費(fèi); n.浪費(fèi);廢棄物動詞用法: waste sth. on sb./sth.在上浪費(fèi)。例如:Don't waste your time on computer games! 別把時(shí)間浪費(fèi)在電腦游戲上! 名詞用法:1 表示“浪費(fèi)”,常用作單數(shù)形式,其后通常跟介詞of ;常用于短語 be a waste of time/money/effort 浪費(fèi)時(shí)間/錢/精力。例如:We should never have gone- it

18、was a total waste of time. 我們真不該去那純粹是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。2 表示“廢料,廢棄物,垃圾”,不可數(shù)名詞,但可以用wastes 形式。例如:They do not know what to do with the waste. 他們不知道該怎樣處理這些廢物。 詞性轉(zhuǎn)換: wasteful adj. 浪費(fèi)的,不經(jīng)濟(jì)的; wastefully adv.浪費(fèi)地;揮霍地( 2019 ,閱讀卷,閱讀 C) Every year, lots of plastic waste goes into the ocean.11. watchv. 觀看,注釋;當(dāng)心,注意; n.看守;監(jiān)視;手表

19、,表動詞用法:1 與“看”相關(guān),表示“觀看,注視,觀察”; watch () with interest/amusement 饒有興致地看; watch sb./sth. do/doing sth. 看著某人做某事( do 和 doing 區(qū)別同 see); watch+ wh- 從句。例如:I watched him go, then went home. 我看著他離去,然后回了家。She watched the kids playing in the room. 她看著孩子們在房間里玩。Watch what I do, then you try. 你注意看我的動作,然后試著做。2 與“小心

20、,留意”相關(guān),表示“留心,注意(某事);照看,照顧;關(guān)注”;watch out 小心,留意; watchoneself 當(dāng)心; watch+ that/wh- 從句。例如:Could you watch my bags for me while I buy a paper? 我去買份報(bào)紙,你能替我照看一下我的包嗎?Hey, watch where you're going! 嘿,瞧著點(diǎn)路! 名詞用法:1 取動詞相關(guān)含義,意為“注視,監(jiān)視;看守;值班”等;其后常接介詞on/over; be on watch 值班。例如:The police kept a close watch on o

21、ur activities. 警察密切監(jiān)視著我們的活動。Who 's on watch tonight? 今晚誰值班?2 表示“表,手表;懷表”。例如:She kept looking anxiously at her watch. 她焦急不安地一個(gè)勁兒看表。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換: watchful adj.注意的,警惕的; watchfully adv.警惕地; watcher n.觀察者;看守人(2019,浙江卷,完形)One evening Charlie happened to be in the theatre _5_his mother singing on stage.5. A. f

22、eeling B. keeping C. realizing D. watching12. weak adj.差的,弱的;不牢固的用法:1 指身體,表示“虛弱的,不強(qiáng)壯的”;too weak to do sth. 太虛弱而不能做某事。例如:She's too weak to feed herself. 她虛弱得吃不動?xùn)|西。2 指物體,表示“不牢固的,易破的,已損壞的”,如a weak bridge 不牢固的橋3 指性格,表示“軟弱的,意志薄弱的”,含有貶義。例如:Her husband is a weak man. 她的丈夫是個(gè)懦弱的男人。4 形容缺少 power ,表示“無權(quán)力的,無

23、影響力的”。如weak leader/ruler/king 軟弱的領(lǐng)袖 /統(tǒng)治者 /國王詞性轉(zhuǎn)換: weakly adv.虛弱地,無力地;軟弱地; weakness n.弱點(diǎn);軟弱; weaken v.(使)變?nèi)?反義詞: strong adj. 強(qiáng)壯的(2019,山東卷,單項(xiàng)填空)22. Ants are pretty small. You might think that they be rather weak. But what you might not know isthat ants are actually very strong for their size.A. needB.

24、 can't C. must13. wealthn.財(cái)產(chǎn),財(cái)富;富有 g 用法:不可數(shù)名詞;可用于 a wealth of sth. 中,表示“大量的 /豐富的某物”。例如: The new manager brings a great wealth of experience to the job. 新任經(jīng)理為這項(xiàng)工作帶來了豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 詞性轉(zhuǎn)換: wealthy=rich adj.富有的,充分的; wealthily adv.豐富地;富有地( 2019 ,湖北卷,閱讀 B) Once upon a time, a wealthy old man lived alone in a b

25、ig house.14. wearv.穿,戴;磨損 詞形變化:過去式 wore ,過去分詞 worn 關(guān)聯(lián)詞組: wear away 磨損,消磨,流逝 用法:可指“穿戴 /佩戴”衣服或飾物,也可指“蓄留”須發(fā)。例如: She wears her hair long. 她梳著長發(fā)。熟詞僻義: wear 還可以表示“磨損,消耗,用舊”,通常與介詞out 搭配使用; wear (sth.) out (使)磨損;用壞; wear sb./oneself out 使疲乏,使筋疲力盡;其過去分詞形式worn out 比較常見, worn-out 可以放在名詞前作定語。例如:He wore out two

26、pairs of shoes last year. 去年他穿壞了兩雙鞋。You'll wear yourself out if you carry on working so hard. 你要是繼續(xù)這樣拼命工作,身體會吃不消的。 These shoes are worn out. 這雙鞋破得不能再穿了。a pair of old worn-out walking shoes 一雙穿破了的舊步行鞋Can we sit down? I'm worn out. 我們能坐下嗎?我都累壞了。 詞性轉(zhuǎn)換: worn adj.疲倦的;用舊的; wearable adj.可穿戴的( 2019

27、,浙江卷,完形) I listened to the music she listened to, wore the clothes she wore.15. weighv.稱的重量;重(若干);認(rèn)真考慮,權(quán)衡用法:1 作連系動詞,表示“重(若干),重量是”,后面接具體的重量。例如:Do you know how much it weighs? 你知道它的重量嗎?2 作實(shí)義動詞,表示“稱的重量”。例如:He weighed some potatoes on the scales. 他用秤稱了一些土豆。 熟詞僻義:還可表示“認(rèn)真考慮,權(quán)衡(某事)”,常用于weigh sth. against s

28、th. 在之間權(quán)衡。例如:We have to weigh the benefits against the costs. 我們必須把好處和費(fèi)用放在一起進(jìn)行權(quán)衡。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換:weight n.重量; weighty adj.重大;重大的2019 ,安徽卷,閱讀 B)Aquatic exercise feels easier than exercising on land. Why? You weigh about 90% lessin the pool.16. wholeadj. 整個(gè)的,全部的; n.整體;整個(gè)事物關(guān)聯(lián)詞組: whole life 一生; in the whole world

29、普天之下; the whole day 整天 形容詞用法:僅用于名詞前; the whole school/country/village 等表示“全校 /全國 /全村等的人”。例如: The whole town came out for the celebration. 全鎮(zhèn)人都出來慶祝了。名詞用法:主要用于一些短語中,如: on the whole 總的看來,總體而言; as a whole 整個(gè)來看(表示所有部 分都已考慮到)。例如:On the whole, I thought the film was pretty good. 總的來說,我認(rèn)為這部電影很不錯(cuò)。The meeting

30、 will be great for our city and for the country as a whole. 這次會晤對我們城市乃至整個(gè)國家都將是 意義重大的。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換: wholly adv.完全地,全部 近義詞: full/complete adj. 完全的,全部的(2019,浙江卷,語法填空)However, as soon as he started eating, his mouth began 54 (burn), his eyes began to water, and his wholeface became as red 55 the fruit.17. winv.

31、&n. 獲勝,贏得詞形變化:過去式 won ,過去分詞 won用法:1 可指在競賽、游戲、選舉、戰(zhàn)爭等中“獲勝,贏”,也可指“贏得、獲得”獎(jiǎng)品;可作及物動詞直接跟 賓語,也可不及物; win at 在中獲勝; win against sb.贏了某人; win by 贏了(多少分)。例如: I never win at cards. 我打牌從來不贏。We won by just one point. 我們只贏了一分。2 表示通過努力或憑能力“獲得、取得(某物)”。常見搭配如win sb. 's hea贏rt得某人的心; win sb. 'ssupport/trust 贏得

32、某人的支持 / 信任; win sth. from sb. 從某人處獲得某物。例如:I 'm trying to win support from my parents. 我在努力爭取父母親的支持。 關(guān)聯(lián)單詞: winner=victor n.勝利者; victory n.勝利 反義詞: lose v.失??;丟失;失去2019 ,北京卷,閱讀 B)Sally wasn 't worried ab wouhtether she would win in her mind, she had already won, by building something better than

33、 ever before.18. wiseadj.聰明的,英明的,有見識的用法:可用來形容決定、意見、行動或選擇等“明智的,合理恰當(dāng)?shù)摹?,也可用來形容人“英明的,有?慧的”; wise 后面常接 to do sth.。例如:You were wise not to go. 你沒有去是明智的。She has the air of a wise woman. 她有才女的氣質(zhì)。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換: wisely adv.明智地,聰明地; wisdom n.智慧,才智;明智近義詞: smart/clever adj.聰明的( 2019 年,江蘇卷,閱讀 D)The king of my own country

34、, the wise King Solomon, likes this bright purple better than any other color.19. wishv.&n. 愿望,祝愿;希望,想要;意愿關(guān)聯(lián)詞組: against sb. ' s wishe違s 反某人的意愿; make a wish 許愿; wish list 愿望清單 動詞用法:1 表示“祝(愿)”,指祝某人好運(yùn)、幸福等;wish sb. sth.祝某人某事; wish sb. well 祝某人順利。例如:We wish you a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Y

35、ear! 我們祝你圣誕快樂、新年幸福! My friends wished me well in my new job. 朋友們祝我新工作順利。2 表示“希望;想擁有”,相當(dāng)于if only 的含義,通常指不可能或可能性很小的事;作及物動詞時(shí),其后常接 that 從句,從句中的謂語動詞通常用過去式或者借助would/could 等詞, be 動詞用 was 或 were,已發(fā)生的事用 had done 結(jié)構(gòu);作不及物動詞可用 wish for sth. 。例如:I wish they would explain things better. 我希望他們把事情解釋得更清楚I wish I wer

36、e ten years younger. 我真希望自己年輕十歲。It was no use wishing for the impossible. 不可能的事情想也沒用。3 表示“想要,想做(某事)”,相當(dāng)于want 或 like ; wish to do sth.想要做某事; (just) as you wish (正)如你所愿。例如:If you wish to discuss it further, please let me know. 如您想進(jìn)一步討論此事,請告知我。“I'd like it to be ready by six. ”“Just as you wish, si

37、r. ”“我希望 6 點(diǎn)之前準(zhǔn)備好。”“聽您的,先生?!?名詞用法:名詞 wish 后面也可接 to do sth.或 for sth. ;常用 good/best wishes (for sb.) 短語;口語或書信中常 用 (with) best wishes 表示“祝好”。例如:He had no wish to start a fight. 他無意挑釁。She asked me to pass on her good wishes to all her friends. 她請我向她所有的朋友轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)良好的祝愿。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換:wishful(ly) adj. 渴望的,寄予希望的同義詞: hope

38、v. 希望(2019 年,山東卷,閱讀 C)He wanted to see if his wish had really come true.20. wonderv. 對疑惑,感到驚奇;想知道用法: wonder about/at sth. 對某事感到驚訝; wonder +wh- 從句 /if/whether 從句; I wonder/was wonderingif/whether 在口語中還可用于禮貌地要求某事,意為“我不知道是否;不知可不可以”。例如: Sometimes I wonder about his behaviour. 有時(shí)我對他的行為感到驚訝。I wonder how J

39、ames is getting on. 我想知道詹姆斯的近況。I was wondering if I could borrow your car? 請問我能否借一下你的汽車?詞性轉(zhuǎn)換: wonderful(ly) adj.奇妙的,極好的; wonderland n.奇境,仙境,非常奇妙的(2019 年,山東卷,閱讀表達(dá) A )Are you wondering what problems others have?21. worthadj. 有的價(jià)值,值得的; n.價(jià)值形容詞用法:通常和 be 動詞連用, be worth (doing) sth. 值錢;值得(做)某事; be (not) w

40、orth it (不) 值得。例如:One of the pictures is worth 50,000. 其中一幅畫值 5 萬英鎊。The local museum is worth a visit. 當(dāng)?shù)剡@家博物館值得參觀。A lot of the small towns in the area are really worth visiting. 這個(gè)地區(qū)的許多小鎮(zhèn)確實(shí)值得去看一看。 名詞用法: 本義指金錢上的 “價(jià)值” ,可喻指 “意義, 作用, 重要性” ;常用于 ten pounds'/$500 worth of sth. 這樣的結(jié)構(gòu),表示“價(jià)值 10 英鎊 /500 美元的東西”。例如:The new computer system has alrea

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容里面會有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲空間,僅對用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

評論

0/150

提交評論