B2U5-定語從句中介詞+關(guān)系詞的用法-講解-練習(xí)和答案

1、介詞+關(guān)系代詞的使用情況 1. 用于這種情況的關(guān)系代詞一般為which（指物）和whom（指人）。在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，介詞的選擇非常關(guān)鍵，可以遵循以下四個原則： （1）根據(jù)定語從句中的謂語動詞確定介詞，其動詞及介詞搭配，構(gòu)成動詞短語。例如： Is this the car for which you paid a high price? （pay for）這是你花大價錢買的車嗎？ In the dark street, there wasnt a single person to whom she could turn for help. （turn to sb. for help）在黑暗的街上，她

2、找不到一個人來幫助她。 The man with whom you shook hands just now is our English teacher. （shake hands with sb. ）剛才你和他握手的那個人是我們的英語老師。 （2）根據(jù)定語從句中的形容詞確定介詞，其形容詞及介詞搭配，構(gòu)成形容詞短語。例如： The two things about which Karl Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms. （be sure about）馬克思沒有把握的兩件事是：語法和習(xí)慣用法。 The teac

3、her with whom the students in our class are popular is Mr Wang, our English teacher. （be popular with）在我們班，深受學(xué)生歡迎的是王老師我們的英語老師。 （3）根據(jù)定語從句修飾的先行詞確定介詞，其先行詞往往是表示時間、地點、原因、方法、工具等的詞，它們及介詞之間有一定的聯(lián)系。當(dāng)“介詞關(guān)系代詞”在定語從句中充當(dāng)時間、地點、原因狀語時，可分別用when, where, why替換。例如： Ill never forget the day on which （= when ）I joined the

4、army. 我永遠(yuǎn)也忘不了我參軍的那一天。 The factory in which （= where）his father works is far away from my hometown. 他父親工作的那家工廠離我們家鄉(xiāng)很遠(yuǎn)。 I dont know the reason for which （why）he was late for school. 我不知道他為何上學(xué)遲到。 This is the camera with which he often takes photos. 這就是他經(jīng)常用來拍照的相機。 （4）根據(jù)句子的意思確定介詞。有些句子，先行詞完全一樣，定語從句中謂語動詞不是

5、由固定的動詞短語構(gòu)成的，這時，要根據(jù)句子所要表達(dá)的意思，選用不同的介詞。例如： This is the pilot for whom I bought a camera. （意思是：I bought a camera for the pilot. ）這就是我給他買相機的那位飛行員。 This is the pilot with whom my brother has worked for ten years. （意思是：My brother has worked with the pilot for ten years. ）這就是和我弟弟一起工作了十年的那位飛行員。 This is the p

6、ilot by whom my son was saved. （意思是：My son was saved by this pilot. ）這就是救了我兒子的那位飛行員。 2. 介詞若及從句中的動詞詞組有關(guān)，可前置于關(guān)系代詞前，也可置于動詞后，但若此介詞及動詞為固定詞組，則此介詞一般不前置。例如： Yesterday we paid a visit to the house in which Lu Xun lived. Yesterday we paid a visit to the house which Lu Xun lived in. 昨天，我們參觀了魯迅的故居。 This is the

7、very pen that Im look for. （look for為固定詞組，則介詞for不可前置。）那就是我正在找的那支鋼筆。 3. 限定性定語從句中，介詞前置時，關(guān)系代詞不能用that，且不能省略；若介詞后置，則可以用that，也可以省略。例如： This is the school in which I studied 3 years ago. This is the school（which / that）I studied in 3 years ago. 這就是三年前我學(xué)習(xí)的那所學(xué)校。 4. 表示所屬關(guān)系時，介詞應(yīng)用of，關(guān)系代詞為which / whom, 即n. + of

8、+ which / whom，可轉(zhuǎn)換為whose+ n. 。例： He lives in a room, the window of which faces west. He lives in a room, whose window faces west. 他住的房間，窗子向西開著。 The child was saved by a man, the name of whom was not known. The child was saved by a man, whose name was not known. 這個孩子被一位不知姓名的男子所救。 5. 表示整體中的一部分或中最的，介詞一

9、般也用of。例如： The Greens have two daughters, both of whom are college students. 格林夫婦有兩個女兒，她們都是大學(xué)生。 不要混淆：The Greens have three daughts，and two of them are students。 China has many rivers, the longest of which is the Yangtze River. 中國有眾多河流，最長的是長江。練習(xí)題一、填入“介詞關(guān)系代詞（即介詞+which/whom）：1. The ship, _ the Europeans

10、 sailed to the American continent, was called the Mayflower.2. The family _ I stayed in Rome is coming to England soon.3. He has written a book, the name_ I have completely forgotten.4. It is a family of 8 children, all _ are studying music.5. Can you suggest a time _ it will be convenient to meet?6

11、. The town, _ they came, was in the north of the province.7. Here are some blouses, none _ suits me.8. The fur coat _ the lady was dressed was very expensive.9. The emperor, _ the palace was built, was very cruel.10. Little Peter had a dream _ _ he was taken to the amusement park.11. He spent a wond

12、erful summer, _ he joined us in the camping trip.12. The money, _ he bought the bike, was given by his grandfather. 13. The buses, most _ were already full, left the school one after another.14. Ann White, _ we received the invitation, lives next door to us.15. The story, _ the film is based, is a t

13、rue one.16. The USA is a large country _ many different dialects are spoken.二、介詞填空：1.The speed_ which you drive your car mustnt too high.2.In the park there are many flowers, the color_ which is bright and nice.3.The little girl is reading a book,_ which there are many pictures.4.What were the thing

14、s_ which he was not too sure?5.They held a meeting,_ which the hospital director made a speech.6.The book,_ which he paid 6 Yuan, is worth reading.7.Is this the man_ whose house the police found the lost colored TV?8.The villagers dug along tunnel_ which they could go to the fields without being fou

15、nd by the Japanese soldiers.9.Wu Dong,_ whom I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.10.The stories about Long March,_ which this is one example, are well written.三、單選選擇：（各省高考題）1. He was educated at a local grammar school, _ he went on to Cambridge. A. from which B. after that C. after which D.

16、from this 2.She was educated at Beijing University, _ she went on to have her advanced study abroad.  A. after that  B. from that C. from which  D. after which 3.Gun control is a subject _Americans have argued for a long time. A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which4.Wi

17、nd power is an ancient source of energy _we may return in the near future. A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which5.The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people ,many of _left their village homes for a better life in the city.A.whom B.which C.them D.whose6.The English play _ my students a

18、cted at the New Years party was a great success. A.for which B. at which C. in which D. on which7. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _ the s ailing time was 226 days. A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which8. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to

19、 go to the forest when they remembered the scenes _ people were eaten by the tiger. A. in which B. by which C. which D. that 9. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _had taken more than three years. A.for which B. with which C. of which D. to which10.The place _ the bridge is

20、supposed to be built should be _ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which 11.Eric received training in the computer for one year,_he found a job in a big company.A.after that B.after which C.after it D.after this 12.Villagers h

21、ere depend on the fishing industry,_there won't be much work.A.where B.that C.by which D.without which13.Last week,only two people came to look at the house,_wanted to buy it.A.none of them B.both of them C.none of whom D.neither of whom14. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5：30 pm_，many people have gone home. A.whose time B.that C.on which D.by which time 15.Whenever I met her, _was fairly often,she greeted me with a sweet smile.A.