外研版2013英語八年級(jí)下冊(cè)Module6 Hobbies重點(diǎn)解析

1、module 6 hobbiesunit 1 do you collect anything?知識(shí)點(diǎn)撥：1. do you collect anything?collect v. 收集 = have a collection of (1). collecting stamps is mikes hobby. = mikes hobby is collecting stamps. collect money 集資 collect information 搜集信息 (2). they are collecting money for the poor children. 他們正在為貧困兒童捐款.

2、(3). he wants to be a great collector. 他想成為一名偉大的收藏家. collection n. 收藏品,收集物 a collection of 的收藏品 (4). she selected a diamond ring from the collection. 她從收藏品中挑選了一枚鉆石戒指。 (5). tom has got a very good collection of coins. 湯姆收集了不少硬幣. 2. tidy up 整理,收拾 （代中名中后）(1). he began to tidy up his desk and finish off

3、 the week's work. 他開始整理書桌，結(jié)束一周的工作。(2). the room is too dirty. please tidy it up tomorrow.(3). please help tidy up the dinner table. = please help tidy the dinner table. (4). there are so many books on the table. ill tidy them up.3which hobby do you think takes up the most space?你認(rèn)為哪種愛好占用最多的空間？do

4、 you think 在句子中作插入語，意為“你認(rèn)為，你覺得”【拓展】do you think 后的句子要用陳述語序。 e.g. 選詞填空how many books do you think _ (are there/ there are) in the box?take up 占用(時(shí)間；空間)(1). that meeting took up much of my fathers time.那次會(huì)議占用了我爸爸大量的時(shí)間.(2).the piano takes up most of the room.這架鋼琴占用了屋子的大部分空間。(3). writing the paper took

5、up most of my weekend.寫那篇論文占去了我周末的大半時(shí)間。4sorry， its a bit of a mess. ill put the fans on the shelf.對(duì)不起，有點(diǎn)亂。我會(huì)把這些扇子放到架子上。 a bit 表示“稍微、一點(diǎn)兒”，可以用來修飾動(dòng)詞以及形容詞、副詞的原級(jí)、比較級(jí)。 a bit of 表示“一點(diǎn)兒”，可以用來修飾名詞。例如：this book costs a bit (too) much. 這本書有點(diǎn)（太）貴了。we have a bit of time. 我們有點(diǎn)時(shí)間。shelf “隔板；架子”，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為shelves。例

6、如：what a mess! lets put these books on the shelves.多亂??！讓我們把這些書放在架子上吧。5.let me have a look.     have a look  看一看，后面不加名詞。have a look at sth.  看, 后加賓語。e.g. youd better go to the factory and have a look. 你最好到廠里去看一看。        let me 

7、;have a look at the map.  讓我看看這張地圖。6. people often give me fans as presents because they know i like them.as   prep. 作為，當(dāng) e.g.the foreigner will come to our home as a guest. 那個(gè)外國人將會(huì)作為客人來我們家。7.they must be really valuable.它們一定很值錢。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，在此表示推測，意為“一定”。must與be連用表示最有力的判斷或肯定的推測。its snow

8、ing outside. it must be cold tomorrow.外面在下雪，明天肯定冷。注意：must 表推測時(shí)通常只用于肯定句中，表示語氣強(qiáng)烈的否定推測時(shí)不用mustnt，而用cant，意為“不可能”。that girl cant be ann. ann is much taller.那個(gè)女孩不可能是安，安個(gè)子高許多。8.ill show you my stamps too. 我把我的郵票也拿給你看看。 show后接雙賓語，當(dāng)物和人都是名詞 時(shí)，可用show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb. 當(dāng)物和人都是代詞時(shí)，必須把物放在前面。9.my hobby doesn

9、t cost as much as yours我的愛好不像你們的愛好那么費(fèi)錢。cost much意思是“花很多錢”，如：we can take a taxi.that doesnt cost much我們可以打車去，花不了多少錢。as as  和一樣e.g.his fans are as valuable as yours.  他的扇子和你的一樣有價(jià)值10. their value isnt always important.value   n. 價(jià)值；有用性 valuable   adj. 值錢的；有價(jià)值的e.g. this boo

10、k will be of great value to him in his study.這本書將對(duì)他的研究有很大價(jià)值。        this painting is very valuable.  這幅繪畫非常名貴。你還有不懂的問題嗎？ 練習(xí)：( )1. your room is a bit of a mess. please _ now.     a. tidy up it     

11、0;          b. tidy it up     c. take up it                d. take it up( )2. - may i _ your book?     - mine is missing.   &

12、#160; a. have a look              b. have a look at      c. look                    d. hear( ) 3. he began to teach in t

13、hat school _ a math teacher in 2000. a. at b. as c. in d. on ( ) 4. the fan with a long history is _.     a. value           b. valuable            c. wonderful( ) 5.is there

14、_ in todays newspaper? a. new anything b. anything new c. something new d. new somethingunit 2 hobbies can make you grow as a person. ( 1 )language points1. many students have hobbies, such as reading, painting, growing vegetables and looking after animals.  such as 表示“例如”， 后跟單詞 for example 后跟句

15、子，例如：(1). we learn many subjects , such as chinese, english and history.(2). there are many developing countries, such as china, india and south africa.(3). he has some good habits, for example, he always goes for a walk after supper.2.hobbies can make you grow as a person, develop your interests an

16、d help you learn new skills. 愛好可以使你成長，培養(yǎng)你的興趣，并幫助你學(xué)習(xí)新的技能。make 在此句中的用法是_，意為“使/讓某人干某事”。此外，與make同種用法及同義的詞還有l(wèi)et 和have。省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。翻譯：我們使那個(gè)小女孩笑了起來。_ grow as a person，表示“長大成人”。 develop ones interests，表示“發(fā)展某人的興趣”。 develop v. 表示“發(fā)展，提高” n. development (1). mark developed an interest in maths. 馬

17、克對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)產(chǎn)生了興趣.(2). taking exercise can develop our health. 體育鍛煉可以促進(jìn)我們的健康. developing adj. 發(fā)展中的 developed adj. 高度發(fā)展的；發(fā)達(dá)的 developing countries 發(fā)展中國家 developed countries 發(fā)達(dá)國家(3). china is a developing country, but japan is a developed one.3. as well as the usual activities, such as sailing and climbing, th

18、ere was a writing class.除了像駕駛帆船、爬山等常見的活動(dòng)外，還有一個(gè)寫作研習(xí)班。 as well as意為“除之外，也，還”。  后面加名詞或動(dòng)詞ing形式。 as well as 并且,還 = not onlybut also不但而且 強(qiáng)調(diào)前者 強(qiáng)調(diào)后者(1). 他既種菜也種花。 he grows flowers as well as vegetables. = he grows not only vegetables but also flowers.(2). 她既美麗又聰明。 she is clever as well as beautiful.(3).

19、 他們既賣報(bào)紙也賣書. they sell books as well as newspapers.注意：連接并列主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與前一主語保持一致.(4). he as well as his parents goes there every year. = with(5). helen as well as i is in class one. i as well as helen am in class one.as well as 介詞短語，“除了” = besides 或 in addition to (1).as well as visiting beijing, we spent

20、 a day in tianjin. 除了游覽北京以外，我們還在天津過了一天.(2). 除了打籃球以外，他還會(huì)踢足球. he also plays football as well as basketball.4. then she encouraged us to write about our experiences at the camp.  encourage sb. to do sth. 表示“鼓勵(lì)某人去做某事”。 例如：  my father always encouraged me to speak aloud in front of people. 

21、; 我父親總是鼓勵(lì)我在人們面前大聲說話。5. back at school, david wrote a story about the life of a sixteen-year-old boy, and it came out as a book in 2012.  come out 表示“出版，發(fā)行”。還表示“顯露”。例如： the book came out at his early age.  這本書在他年齡還小的時(shí)候就出版了。 at last the truth came out. 真相終于大白了。come out 在本句話中是 “_” 的

22、意思。6 many young people love his book, and as a result, david has become a successful young writer.許多年輕人喜歡他的書，結(jié)果，戴維成了一名成功的年輕作家。as a result表示“結(jié)果”。后面用逗號(hào)隔開。 常用在有上下文(表示原因) 的情況下, 一般放句首, 后面加逗號(hào)。如： it snowed heavily, and as a result, he came late.(翻譯) _【拓展】比較下面兩個(gè)句子:he didnt work hard, as a result，he fai

23、led his exam. 他不用功, 結(jié)果考試不及格。he was late as a result of the snow. 由于天降大雪他遲到了。 總結(jié)： as a result與 as a result of 的區(qū)別 7. i spend some of my free time playing volleyball for my school team. spend time (in) doing sth. 表示“花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”。介詞in可以省略；如果表示“在某物上花費(fèi)時(shí)間”，要用spend time on sth.  例如： i spend

24、 one hour (in) reading every evening. 我每天晚上花一個(gè)小時(shí)看書。他買那輛新車花了許多錢. he _ much money _ the new car. 每天早晨我們用半個(gè)小時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)英語. we _ half an hour _ english every morning. 當(dāng)堂達(dá)標(biāo)：1. collecting fans can help you _ your interests and open your eyes.a. talk b. write c. love d. develop2. _ writing, he also loves singing.a

25、. as b. as well c. as well as d. with3. moyans books _ yesterday, i want to buy one. a. come out b. came out c. go out d. went out4. the film brings us _ and i hope you can enjoy it.a. success b. pleasure c. interested5. just a minute! my brother _ his car in the garden. 【2013重慶】a. washes b. is wash

26、ingc. washed d. will wash6. sad movies always make me _. a. to cry b. crying c. cry d. cried 7.is the book very _? -yes. all of my friends are _ in it. a. interesting; interesting b. interested; interested c. interesting; interested d. interested; interestingunit 3 language in use句子成分及五種基本句型1. 組成句子的

27、成分 叫句子成分。2. 在句子中，詞與詞之間有一定的組合關(guān)系, 按照不同的關(guān)系，可以把句子分為不同的組成成分。3. 句子成分由 詞或詞組 充當(dāng)。 4. 英語的基本成分有六種：主語(subject)、謂語(predicate)、表語(predicative)、賓語(object)、定語(attribute)和狀語(adverbial)。 1、主語是一個(gè)動(dòng)作和行為的發(fā)出者，謂語是對(duì)主語動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的陳述或說明，指出“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么樣”。 謂語動(dòng)詞的位置一般在主語之后。賓語是一個(gè)動(dòng)作的承受者。比如“我吃了大米飯”，在這個(gè)句子里，“我”是執(zhí)行“吃”這個(gè)動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，“大米飯”是來承受“吃”這

28、個(gè)動(dòng)作的，即被吃了。所以，"我"是主語，"大米飯"是賓語，"吃"是謂語.2、在英語中按動(dòng)詞后可否直接跟賓語，可以把動(dòng)詞分成兩種：及物動(dòng)詞與不及物動(dòng)詞。 不及物動(dòng)詞后不能直接跟有動(dòng)作的對(duì)象（即賓語）。若要跟賓語，必須先在其后添加上某個(gè)介詞，如to,of ,at后方可跟上賓語。 及物動(dòng)詞： 及物動(dòng)詞后必須跟有動(dòng)作的對(duì)象（即賓語），并且可直接跟賓語.3、直接賓語是動(dòng)作的承受者，一般是物；間接賓語表示動(dòng)作是對(duì)誰或?yàn)檎l做的，一般是人。 一般情況下，當(dāng)看到句子中有兩個(gè)賓語時(shí),其中指物或指事的就是直接賓語,指人(或動(dòng)物) 的就是間接賓語.(不能按離

29、動(dòng)詞的遠(yuǎn)近來判別). 可以有間接賓語的動(dòng)詞不是很多，有:give,pay,tell,show,send,bring,allow,wish,teach,write,make,buy, pass,lend,return,等等. 有時(shí),間接賓語還可以是介詞to 或for的賓語.例如: he give her a pen. (他給她一只筆.) he give a pen to her. i buy you a book. ( 我已為你買了這份飲料.) i buy book for you.詳解：主語 1. 主語是一個(gè)句子的主題，也是句子的主體, 表示句子主要說明的人或事物。 它的位置一般在句首。 一般

30、由名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞或代詞的詞、短語或句子等充當(dāng)。the meeting will begin at 9:00. 主語是：_we study in no. 1 middle school. 主語是：_smoking is bad for you. 主語是：_三、謂語 1. 謂語是說明主語的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。一般放在主語之后。 2. 謂語一般是由動(dòng)詞擔(dān)當(dāng)。 3. 謂語必須和主語在“人稱”和“數(shù)”上保持一致。we work hard. 謂語是：_she is reading. 謂語是：_表語 1. 表語是表述主語的特征、狀態(tài)或身份等。 2. 表語位于連系動(dòng)詞之后，二者構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu) 3. 表語由名詞、

31、形容詞或相當(dāng)于名詞或形容詞的詞、短語或句子等充當(dāng)。(劃出下列句子的表語)her brother is a driver. are you ready? we were at home last night. this book is mine, not yours. 賓語 1. 賓語表示動(dòng)作、行為的對(duì)象。 2. 只有及物動(dòng)詞可帶賓語，有些不及物動(dòng)詞加上介詞或副詞也可帶賓語。 3. 由名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞、短語或句子擔(dān)當(dāng)。he often helps me. we study english at school. if you add 5 to 5, you get 10. remembe

32、r to buy some stamps. he likes making you laugh. he said, "you are wrong." 賓語補(bǔ)足語：位于賓語之后對(duì)賓語作出說明的成分。賓語與其補(bǔ)足語有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系, 它們一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。1. 名詞/代詞賓格 + 名詞：the war made him a soldier. 2. 名詞/代詞賓格 + 形容詞： please keep the room clean.3. 名詞/代詞賓格 + 介詞短語：i often find him at work. 4. 名詞/代詞賓格 + 動(dòng)詞不定式： the teache

33、r asks the students to close the windows.5. 名詞/代詞賓格 + 分詞： i saw a cat running across the road. 狀語修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或全句, 說明方式、因果、條件、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、讓步、方向、程度、目的等。用作狀語的通常是副詞。1)副詞 (短語) 作狀語： <判斷下列句子中的狀語類型> the boy needs a pen very much. (_狀語) the boy, now, needs a pen.(_狀語) 2) 介詞短語作狀語： in the classroom, the boy nee

34、ds a pen. (_狀語) before his mother, tom is always a boy. (_狀語) on sundays, there is no student in the classroom.(_狀語) 3) 不定式作狀語: the boy needs a pen to do his homework. (_狀語)4) 名詞作狀語: come this way! (_狀語) 定語 1. 定語是用來修飾名詞、代詞或句子的成分。2. 定語有前置定語, 后置定語。3. 充當(dāng)定語的詞有：形容詞；名詞；代詞；數(shù)詞；名詞所有格；方位副詞；不定式；動(dòng)詞的-ing形式；過去分詞；從句等。例如：tom is a handsome boy. (定語是_ )his name is tom. (定語是_)the boy in blue is tom. (定語是_) there is nothing to do today. (定語是_)五種簡單句型1、主語 + 謂語謂語動(dòng)詞都能表達(dá)完整的意思。這類動(dòng)詞叫做不及物動(dòng)詞，后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句等（不及物