高中英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)名詞性從句的課件.ppt

Welcometoourclass,江蘇揚(yáng)中新壩中學(xué)2012屆高三英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí),Grammarandusage-NounClauses,名詞性從句相當(dāng)于名詞，可分別作主句的主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。因此，名詞性從句可分為主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句。,1.Whenwewillstartisnotclear.2.Shewontbelievethathersonhasbecomeathief.3.Myideaisthatweshoulddoitrightnow.4.Ihadnoideathatyouwereherfriend.,主語(yǔ)從句,賓語(yǔ)從句,表語(yǔ)從句,同位語(yǔ)從句,I名詞性從句的種類,主語(yǔ)從句一般有三種結(jié)構(gòu)：,1.主語(yǔ)從句+謂語(yǔ),Thatshewillwinthematchiscertain.,2.It+be+形容詞（名詞詞組、過(guò)去分詞）+that從句,ItisimportantthatweteensshouldlearnEnglish.,Itisgoodnewsthathewillattendthemeetingonbehalfofourschool.,Itissaidthatourschoolwillholdasportsmeeting,3.It+seem(happen，appear等不及物動(dòng)詞)+that從句,ItseemsthatKatyisnotcomingtothisparty.,賓語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu),主句+連接詞(引導(dǎo)詞)+賓語(yǔ)從句,在句子中起賓語(yǔ)作用的句子叫賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句放在及物動(dòng)詞或介詞之后作賓語(yǔ)。,Idontknowwhyheisalwayslateforschool.,Weallagreewithwhatyousaidatthemeeting.,賓語(yǔ)從句,表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句位于連系動(dòng)詞后,有時(shí)用asif引導(dǎo)。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為:主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+that從句。1.be,look,remain,等系動(dòng)詞后均可跟表語(yǔ)從句：Mysuggestionisthatweshouldgoshopping.2.asif也可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。Itlooksasifitsgoingtorain.,3.thereasonwhyisthat和Itisbecause等結(jié)構(gòu)。,ItwasbecauseIgotuplate.,同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句在句中作同位語(yǔ)，它一般要放在主句中某些名詞的后面，說(shuō)明這些名詞的含義?？筛徽Z(yǔ)從句的名詞主要有：fact,news,promise,reason,idea,hope,word,belief等。Beijing,thecapitalofChina,ismyhometown.Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.Wewerehappytohearthenewsthatwasannouncedbyourboss.,定語(yǔ)從句,同位語(yǔ)從句,同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別,(1)定語(yǔ)從句中的that既代替先行詞，同時(shí)又在從句中作某個(gè)成分（主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)），而同位語(yǔ)從句中的that是連詞，只起連接主句與從句的作用，不充當(dāng)句中任何成分,(2)定語(yǔ)從句是形容詞性的，其功能是修飾先行詞，對(duì)先行詞加以限定，描述先行詞的性質(zhì)或特征；同位語(yǔ)從句是名詞性的，其功能是對(duì)名詞進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。,ThenewsthathetoldmeisthatTomwouldgoabroadnextyear.,2)ThenewsthatTomwouldgoabroadistoldbyhim.,他告訴我的消息是湯姆明年將出國(guó)。（第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的從句是定語(yǔ)從句，that在從句中作賓語(yǔ)）,湯姆將出國(guó)的消息是他講的。（同位語(yǔ)從句，that在句中不作任何成分）,II.名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞：,連接詞：that、if、whether,無(wú)意義,2.連接代詞：who、whom、whose、what、which,3.連接副詞：when、where、why、how,“是否”,作主/賓/表,考點(diǎn)一：區(qū)別that,what與which考點(diǎn)二：區(qū)別whether與if考點(diǎn)三：區(qū)別what,whatever,與nomatterwhat.考點(diǎn)四：it作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)五：名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣考點(diǎn)六：名詞性從句的語(yǔ)序,名詞性從句考點(diǎn)歸納:,考點(diǎn)1：連接詞：that與what的區(qū)別,Whathesaidmakesmehappy.Thatanewteacherwillcomeistrue.,that只起連接作用，無(wú)意義，在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分,且在賓語(yǔ)從句中有時(shí)可省。what既起連接作用,又在從句中作主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),表語(yǔ)(且在名詞性從句中只有what可作表語(yǔ)）,連接詞that的省略。,賓語(yǔ)從句中的連接詞that在以下三種情況下不能省略：（1）當(dāng)that從句與另一名詞性從句并列作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，第二個(gè)that不能??；（2）當(dāng)that作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，that不可省掉。（3）用it做形式賓語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)從句Everyoneknewwhathappenedandthatshewasworried.Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothersdo.IthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishaloud.,1._hesaidsomadeusangry._hesaidatthemeetingmadeusangry.2.Acomputercanonlydo_youhaveinstructedittodo.（01全國(guó)）3.中國(guó)不再是過(guò)去的樣子了。4.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin_wasawastelandtenyearsago.（04天津）A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where,That,What,Chinaisnolonger_itusedtobe.,what,what,B:what(什么)/which(表選擇,哪一個(gè)),1.-Doyouknow_MrBlacksaddressis?-HemayliveatNo.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.Imnotsureof_.2.Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother,doesitmatter_itwas?,what,which,which,考點(diǎn)2.區(qū)別if與whether,1.Idontknow_Illbefreetomorrow.2.Idontknow_ornotIllbefreetomorrow.3.Thequestionis_thisbookisworthwriting.,whether/if,whether,whether,5.Itdependson_wewillhaveenoughmoney.6._theycandoitmatterslittletous.7._youarenotfreetomorrow,Illgowithoutyou.,whether,Whether,If,請(qǐng)你歸納,a.主語(yǔ)從句b.表語(yǔ)從句c.同位語(yǔ)從句e.介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句f.直接加動(dòng)詞不定式只能用whether（todo）gwhetherornot直接連用時(shí)不用if,只能使用whether的情況：,請(qǐng)你歸納,_等引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句不含有疑問(wèn)意義，相當(dāng)于名詞后加一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，而_等引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句含有疑問(wèn)意義。,請(qǐng)你歸納,whoever,whatever,Who,what,考點(diǎn)3.what,whatever,who,whoever,Whowilltakethepositionisntdecided.,1._wassaidheremustbekeptsecret.2._weneedismoretime.3._hastakenawaymybagisunknown.4._breaksthelawwillbepunished.,Whatever,What,Who,Whoever,Anyonewho,Nomatterwhodestroystheforestwillbepunished.,（誤）,nomatter只能引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，ever既可引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句又可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句.,nomatterwho/what與whoever/whatever,Whoeverdestroystheforestwillbepunished.（正）,1.他犯了那樣一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤真是遺憾。_isapity.2.他來(lái)不來(lái)不重要。_doesntmatter.,Itdoesntmatterwhether,Thathemadesuchamistake,Itisapitythat,考點(diǎn)：it作形式主語(yǔ),形式賓語(yǔ),it作形式主語(yǔ),Whetherhewillcomeornot,用it作形式主語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu),(1)Itis名詞從句Itisafactthat事實(shí)是Itisanhonorthat非常榮幸Itiscommonsensethat是常識(shí)(2)Itis形容詞從句Itisnaturalthat很自然Itisstrangethat奇怪的是(3)It不及物動(dòng)詞從句Itseemsthat似乎Ithappenedthat碰巧Itappearsthat似乎(4)Itis過(guò)去分詞從句Itisreportedthat據(jù)報(bào)道Ithasbeenprovedthat已證實(shí)Itissaidthat據(jù)說(shuō),Itisreported/thought/saidthatItisclear/necessary/certainthatItisapity/ashame/anhonorthatItdoesntmatterwhetherItseemsthatIthappensthat,Canyouunderstandthem?,ThisisafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.2.Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggray.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for,It,it指代后面從句所敘述的內(nèi)容,常用like/dislike/love/hate/appreciate/make+it+if或when從句,it作形式賓語(yǔ),make/find/feel/consider/thinkit+adj/n+that/todo,Ihateitwhenpeoplelaughatthedisabled.,1.Ivegottomakeclearthathetoldalie.Ilike_intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.(2004)A.thisB.thatC.itD.one3.他發(fā)現(xiàn)很難使別人理解他.Hefound_.,it,itdifficulttomakehimselfunderstood,it,考點(diǎn)之五:考查名詞性從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣問(wèn)題考例:Itisnecessarythatacollegestudent_atleastaforeignlanguage.A.mastersB.shouldmasterC.masteredD.willmaster分析:本題選B.句子的意思是:大學(xué)生至少應(yīng)該掌握一門外語(yǔ)。It作形式主語(yǔ),that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。(1)在主語(yǔ)從句中用來(lái)表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應(yīng)如此等,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用虛擬語(yǔ)氣(should)+do,常用的句型有:I.Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that.II.Itisapity(ashame,nowonder,etc.)that.III.Itissuggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that.如:Itisstrangethatshe(should)thinkso.,(2)表示建議、請(qǐng)求、命令、要求、堅(jiān)持等及物動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,常用的這類動(dòng)詞有suggest,propose,insist,desire,demand,request,order,command等。如:Iinsistthatshe(should)doherworkalone.(3)主語(yǔ)是suggestion,proposal,request,decision等表示建議、請(qǐng)求、要求、決定等意思的詞時(shí),表語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣(should)+do。如:Hissuggestionisthatwe(should)holdanothermeetingtodiscussthequestion.,(4)表示“建議、請(qǐng)求、命令、要求、決定等（demand,suggestion,proposal,advice,order）意思的名詞后面的同位語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣(should)+do。如:,1.HegavemeasuggestionthatI(should)becalmnow.,2.Thesuggestionthattheplan（delay）willbediscussedtomorrow.,考點(diǎn)6語(yǔ)序問(wèn)題,1.Thephotographswillshowyou_A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike,從句一定用陳述語(yǔ)序,2.Youcanhardlyimagine_whenheheardthenews.A.howhewasexcitedB.howwasheexcitedC.howexcitedhewasD.hewashowexcited,3.Heasked_foraviolin.A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid,插入語(yǔ),Sinceyouhaveseenbothfighters,_willwin?A.doyouthinkwhoB.whoyouthinkC.whoeverD.whodoyouthink2.Idliketoknow_toher.A.whatdoyouthinkhashappenedB.doyouthinkwhathashappenedC.whatyouthinkhashappenedD.youthinkwhathashappened3.Couldyoutellme_?A.wheredoyouthinktheaccidenthappenedB.whereyouthinktheaccidenthappenedC.doyouthinkwheretheaccidenthappenedD.whereyouthinkdidtheaccidenthappen,1.Itnowappears_theyareinneedofhelp.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.how2.Itisgoodnews_theywillarriveinafewdays.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.how3.It_Joedrivesbadly.A.thoughtthatB.thinksthatC.isthoughtD.isthoughtthat,4.It_heislateforclass.A.maythatB.mightthatC.maybethatD.mightbewhat5.Thisis_shewasborn.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.what6.Thequestionis_wecantgotheretoday.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.when,7.Thequestionis_itisworthdoing.A.ifB.whetherC.whichD.what8.Thereasonhehasmadesuchgreatprogressis_hehasneverwastedhistime.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.what9.Mysuggestionis_weshouldturnthelandintoricefields.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.where,10.Hisproposalisthatthedam_atthefootofthemountain.A.buildB.willbuildC.bebuiltD.willbebuilt11.Myadviceisthathe_regularhouse.A.keepB.wouldkeepC.keepsD.kept12._knowsthetruthwilltellyouaboutit.A.WhothatB.WhoeverC.WhomthatD.Thatwho,13.Weallknowthetruth_theearthgoesroundthesun.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whether14.Weheardthenews_ourteamhadwon.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.where15.Theproblem_itisrightorwronghasnotyetbeendecided.A.whichB.thatC.whetherD.if16.Youmustdowell_theteacherasksyoutodo.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where,高考鏈接體驗(yàn),1.(2010高考英語(yǔ)上海秋季卷,37)Whenchanginglanes,adrivershouldusehisturningsignaltoletotherdriversknow_.A.heisenteringwhichlaneB.whichlaneheisenteringC.isheenteringwhichlaneD.whichlaneisheentering【答案】B【解析】本題考查賓語(yǔ)從句。which引導(dǎo)的句子做know的賓語(yǔ)，句子用陳述語(yǔ)序。,2.(2010高考英語(yǔ)上海秋季卷,36)Onereasonforherpreferenceforcitylifeis_shecanhaveeasyaccesstoplaceslikeshopsandrestaurants.A.thatB.howC.whatD.why【答案】A【解析】此處考查的是表語(yǔ)從句。此處that不可以省略。,3.(2010高考英語(yǔ)重慶卷,25)Toimprovethequalityofourproducts,weaskedforsuggestions_hadusedtheproducts.A.whoeverB.whoC.whicheverD.which【答案】A【解析】考查連詞。whoever引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中作主語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于anyonewho。,4.(2010高考英語(yǔ)浙江卷,9)Itisuncertain_sideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout,althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.AthatBwhatChowDwhether【答案】B【解析】考查名詞性從句。此處是由what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，指代It的具體內(nèi)容，It是形式主語(yǔ)，所以這里選B項(xiàng)。,5.(2010高考英語(yǔ)浙江卷,1)Howaboutcampingthisweekend,justforachange?OK,_youwant.AwhicheverBhoweverCwhateverDwhoever【答案】C【解析】本題考查引導(dǎo)詞和交際用語(yǔ)。句意：“這個(gè)周末野營(yíng)怎么樣，來(lái)點(diǎn)新鮮的？”“好啊，按你的意思吧！”查情景交際。周末野營(yíng)怎么樣，換換口味?好的，你想干啥咱就干啥。此處whatever表示”無(wú)論什么”，作want的賓語(yǔ)。選C項(xiàng)。,6.(2010高考英語(yǔ)天津卷,14)Asanewgraduate,hedoesntknow_ittakestostartabusinesshere.A.howB.whatC.WhenD.which【答案】B【解析】考查名詞性從句。句意為：“作為新畢業(yè)生，他不知道如何才能在這兒開創(chuàng)事業(yè)?！辟e語(yǔ)從句暗含ittakestodosth句型，因此應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句并充當(dāng)從句中的賓語(yǔ)。,7.(2010高考英語(yǔ)四川卷,14)Howmuchoneenjoyshimselftravellingdependslargelyon_hegoeswith，whetherhisfriendsorrelativesAwhatBwhoChowDwhy【答案】B【解析】考查介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句末的whetherhisfriendsorrelatives可知應(yīng)是和誰(shuí)去，故選B。句意為“一個(gè)人旅游多么享受很大程度上取決于他和誰(shuí)去，無(wú)論是他的朋友還是親戚?！?8.(2010高考英語(yǔ)上海春季卷,38)Thereisnoobviousevidence_thereislifeonanyotherplanetinthesolarsystem.AwhichBthatChowDwhere【答案】B【解析】名詞性從句。此處是that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句對(duì)evidenc進(jìn)行具體的說(shuō)明。語(yǔ)意：沒(méi)有明顯的證據(jù)表明在太陽(yáng)系能其他行星上有生命存在。據(jù)此選B項(xiàng)。,9.(2010高考英語(yǔ)上海春季卷,33)Tinawashesitationaboutthejobofferasshedidnotknow_thecompanywasanestablishedone.AwhetherBwhatCuntilDalthough【答案】A【解析】名詞性從句。語(yǔ)意：。Fina對(duì)所提供的工作正在猶豫中，因?yàn)樗恢肋@家公司是不是一家地位穩(wěn)固的公司。此處whether引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作know的賓語(yǔ)。,10.(2010高考英語(yǔ)陜西卷,18)Itneveroccurredtome_youcouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.if【答案】C【解析】考查固定句型。我從來(lái)沒(méi)有想到你能成功地說(shuō)服他改變主意。Itoccurstosbthat的意思為“某人突然想到”其中that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，it為形式主語(yǔ)，指代that從句的具體內(nèi)容。,11.(2010高考英語(yǔ)山東卷,25)Beforethesalesstart,Imakealistof_myk