中考英語連詞講義+習題

語法專項六連詞一、連詞的定義：連詞是連接字、短語、從句與句子的詞，是虛詞，因此它不能獨立擔任句子成分。二、連詞的分類：連詞主要分為兩大類并列連詞和從屬連詞。三、并列連詞：并列連詞用來連接并列關系的詞、詞組或分句。它包括：and，or，but，so，for，bothand，eitheror，neithernor，not onlybut also， as well as.(1)表并列關系的and, bothand, not onlybut also, neithernor, as well as (2)表選擇關系的or, eitheror (3)表轉折關系的but (4)表因果關系的for, so1、 and：和，并且（1）表示“和”、“而且”的意思，用來連接對等關系的字和字，短語與短語，句子與句子。Eg: He got up and put on his hat. Eg: I went to the Summer Palace and he went to Bei Hai Park.（2）單詞或詞組如果是三個以上連接，一般在最后的單詞或詞組前加and。另外“and”在譯成中文時不一定要翻譯出“和” Eg: Mary visited Beijing , Shanghai and Hong Kong.（3）and用于祈使句中，句型：祈使句，and=If you， youllEg: Use your head，and youll find a way.=If you use your head，youll find a way.Eg: Hurry up，and youll catch the bus.=If you hurry up，youll catch the bus.2、or：或，或者，否則（1）or表示“或”的意思，用于兩者之中選擇一個。 Eg: Would you like coffee or tea？ （2）注意“A or B”作主語時，謂語動詞隨or后面的詞（B）而定。Eg: Tom or I am right. Eg: Li Ming or his classmates are cleaning the room.（3）用于祈使句中，句型：祈使句， or=If you dont， youll譯成“請，否則”，有轉折的意思。 Eg: Hurry up，or youll miss the bus.=If you dont hurry up，youll miss the bus.Eg: Study hard，or youll fail in the exam.=If you dont study hard，youll fail in the exam.3、but：但是，可是，而 （1）但是，而，可是。表示轉折關系。 Eg: He is old，but he looks very young. （but 后面省略了主語Li Li，因為與前面的主語成分相同）Eg: Mary likes violin， but Tom doesnt. （doesnt后面省略了like violin，因為與前面的成分相同）（2）在英文中，but和although不能在一起使用。 Eg: Although it was raining hard , but they went on working. (錯) Eg: It was raining hard ,but they went on working.(對) Eg: Although it was raining hard, they went on working.(對)4、 so， for （1）so：所以，因此，于是 Eg: My teacher asked me to go，so I went.（2）so除了作連詞外，也可以作副詞。 Eg: I hope you can pass the exam. I hope so. Eg: Dont walk so fast.（3）for：因為 Eg: I soon went to sleep， for I was tired. Eg：The sun has risen，for the birds are singing.5、bothand：和，既也（兩者都） （1）bothand構成的詞組作為主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。 Eg: Both Li Ming and Li Li are good students.（2）bothand的否定句表示部分否定。 Eg:He cant play both the violin and the piano.（不全會）Eg: Both Li Ming and Li Li are not good students.（其中一個是好學生）6、eitheror和neithernor（1）eitheror：或或；不是就是1）eitheror構成的詞組作為主語時，謂語動詞隨其鄰近的詞，即or后面的詞而定。（就近原則）Eg: Either you or he is right. Eg：Either my sister or my mother comes.2）eitheror的否定句是全否定。 Eg: Either you or he isnt right. 你和他都不對Eg: I dont want to visit either Tianjing or Shanghai.天津和上海我都不想?yún)⒂^。（2）neithernor：既不也不1）構成的詞組做主語時，謂語動詞的用法和eitheror的用法一樣，由nor后面的詞而定。（就近原則）Eg: Neither you nor I am right. Eg： Neither you nor he was selected for the job.2）neithernor 是全否定，因此不能再用否定式，即不能再加not。 Eg:（）Neither You nor I am not right.7、not only but also：不但而且not onlybut also構成的詞組擔任主語時，謂語動詞隨 but also后面的部分而定。（就近原則）Eg: Not only you but also your father is coming.Eg: Not only the teacher but also the students were against the plan.8、as well as : 又、不但而且（1）as well as 構成的詞組擔任主語時，謂語動詞隨前面的詞而定。（就遠原則） eg: Jim as well as his parents joins in the party.（2）該句型可以和“not onlybut also”互換，not only A but also B = B as well as A ，前者強調(diào)的是B, 在not only之后，后者強調(diào)的也是B，在as well as之前。翻譯時，要先翻譯as well as 后面的詞。Eg: The child is not only healthy but also lively = The child is lively as well as healthy. 這孩子既健康又活潑。四、從屬連詞：從屬連詞用來引導從句，它包括： that， when，while , as, till， until， after， before， since，because，if， though，although，sothat，as soon as常見的從屬連詞有：1、 that：（1）that引導名詞性從句（主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位語從句）和定語從句，Eg: I think（that） he likes football.（2）如果主句的動詞是 think， believe；如果主句的主語是第一人稱，變?yōu)榉穸ň鋾r，要否定主句，譯成中文時，則否定從句。（否定前移） Eg: I believe you will leave here. Eg： I dont believe you will leave here.2、 when，while，before, after , as soon as ，till, until , sincewhen， while， till， until， since， after， before， as soon as等是連接時間狀語從句的連詞。當主句是將來時，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時。（1）注意while所引導的從句的謂語動詞只能是延續(xù)性的，不能用點動詞。（如begin，stop）Eg： While I read, she sang. Eg: I entered the room while（when） Li Ming was talking with her.（2）since引導的是一個過去時的句子，說明自當時以來到現(xiàn)在（自從兩年前以來），主句一般要用現(xiàn)在完成時。 Eg: I have learned more than two thousand English words since I began learning English two years ago.（3）till和until若主句的動詞是終止性動詞，則要用否定式。Eg: I didnt go to sleep until（till）I finished my homework. Eg: We wont work until（till） our teacher teaches us how to do it.Eg: He stayed there till / until his mother came back.（4）Eg: When he arrives there, he will call you. Eg: He came to China after the war was over.= The war was over before he came to China. Eg: As soon as I get the present, Ill tell you.3、because：因為，連接原因狀語從句 （1）回答Why問句時，只能用because，不能用for或 as.Eg: Why are you late？ Because I met a traffic accident on my way here.（2）漢語中，我們經(jīng)常說因為所以，但在英文中有了because，就不能再用so。Eg: （）Because he was tired， so he couldnt walk there.4、if，though （although）（1）if：如果（引導條件從句） Eg: You can pass the exam if you study hard.（2）though，although：雖然（引導讓步狀語從句）和原因狀語從句一樣，如果用了though，although （雖然）就不能再用but（但是）。Eg: Although（Though） I live near the sea， Im not a good swimmer.=I live near the sea，but Im not a good swimmer.5、sothat：太以致若that 后跟的從句是否定從句，可以與tooto互換。Eg: He is so old that he cant work. = He is too old to work.Eg: The box is so heavy that I cant lift it.=The box is too heavy for me to lift.Eg: The girl is so beautiful that everybody likes her.注意注意此句型與tooto的互換。sothat在肯定句中不能轉換成tooto。代詞專項習題1.Goingtothemoviesisgood，_Ireallyonlylikelisteningtomusic.A.and B.but C.so D.or2. Thetomatoisinfactafruit，_itiseatenasavegetable.A.because B.if C.when D.although3.Getupearly，_youllbelateforschool.A.so B.and C.or D.but4._mycousinisveryyoung，_shecanhelpwiththehousework.A.Once；不填 B.Though；but C.Although；不填5.Iwillbeveryhappy_youcometomyparty.A.if B.though C.or6.Hehadabadcold，_hekeptonworkingasusualA.so B.but Cthough7. Whathappenedjustnow？Acarhitanoldladyatthecrossing.Shewashurt，_notbadly.A.and B.or C.only D.but8._Iliveinasafecommunity，IstillfeelalittleworriedwhenIgooutatnight.A.Although B.Since C.Until9. Bequiet，mykids，_youwillhavetostayoutside，becausethisisalibrary.A.and B.because C.or D.but10. Becareful，_youllmakefewermistakesintheexam.A.or B.but C.and11.Rose，youaresothin.Youshouldeatmore，_youllmakeyourselfill.A.or B.if C.and D.but12.Youwontpasstheexam_youdontworkhard.OK，Illdomybest.A.and B.but C.if D.so13.A:Doyoulikepopularsongs？B:Yes，Ido._Imtoobusytoenjoythem.A.But B.So C.And14.Workharder，_youwillnotkeepwithothers.A.and B.or C.so15._thewinterinHarbinisrathercold，thecityisstillattractivetothevisitorsthroughouttheworld.A.Although B.But C.So16.Bequick，_wellbelateforschool.A.and B.but C.or D.so17.Youdbettertakecare，_youwillhurtyoureyes.A.so B.but C.or D.and18.IhearTomisleaving._why？A.And B.But C.Or D.So19.Hurryup，Tom，_wellbelateforthefilmDearest.A.or B.but C.and D.so20. Leavethereferencebooksbehind，_youwontbeabletothinkindependently.A.or B.and C.so D.but21.canhelpustravelaroundmoreeasily._moreandmorepeoplelikeusingthemA.Or B.So C.And D.But22.Itisraininghard，_thefarmersarestillworkinginthefield.Sotheyare.A.and B.but C.so23.Writedownthetelephonenumber，_youllforgetit.A.or B.and C.so24.YoudbetterwakeupTomat6:30，_hewillbelateforthematch.A.if B.or C.and D.but25. Hello，Joyce，youarebusy.CanIgiveyouahand？Thanksverymuch，_Icanmanage.A.and B.or C.so D.but26. Mike did something wrong, _ the headmaster is talking with him.A. so B. but C. and D. or27. Excuse me. Do you have a table for two? -Im sorry, _ there arent any seats now. Would you mind waiting for a while?A. but B. and C. or D. so28. Stop cutting trees, _ the earth will become worse and worse.A. and B. but C. or D. then29. Do you want to stay at home _ go shopping with us?A. and B. but C. or D. so30. The song was _ old _ few young people could sing.A. enough; to B. so; that C. as; as D. too; to31. Mr. Brown knows little Japanese, _ he cant understand the instructions on the bottle of the pills.A. so B. or C. but D. for32. _the soldiers _the captain have been to Greece before.A. BothandB. Not onlybut alsoC. NeithernorD./.as well as33. _ my mother _ my sister watches football games these days.A. Either; nor B. Both; and C. Neither; nor D. Neither; or34. Mr. Smith is an English teacher _ will teach us English next term.A. or B. and C. but D. so35. I may live _ in a hotel _ in a friends house.A. both; and B. either; or C. neither; nor D. between; and36. Im sorry, _ I cant help you with your homework. Youd better do it yourself.A. and B. but C. or D. then37. I think we should get this liquid crystal computer, _ it wont take up more space.A. but B. althoughC. because D. so38. Stop smoking, _ you will get better soon.A. and B. orC. that D. after39. We bought Mary a pair of sunglasses as her birthday present, _ she didnt like it.A. and B. but C. or D. so40. It was very late, _ the students still went on repairing their desks and chairs.A. and B. or C. so D. but41. Though we teac