初中二年級(jí)第三單元.doc

Unit3 How do you make a banana milk shake?重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法：描述一個(gè)過(guò)程 服從別人的指令 詢問(wèn)做某事的過(guò)程用 how 引導(dǎo)特殊疑問(wèn)句 分步回答用 first(首先), next(接著), then(然后), finally(最后) 等時(shí)間副詞引導(dǎo)從句。例句：A: How do you make fruit salad?(如何做水果沙拉？) B: First cut up three bananas, three apples and a watermelon.(首先切三個(gè)香蕉、三個(gè)蘋果和一個(gè)西瓜。)Next put the fruit in a bowl.(接下來(lái)把水果放到一個(gè)碗里。)Then put in two teaspoons of honey and a cup of yogurt.(然后放入兩勺蜂蜜和一杯酸奶。) Finally mix it all up.(最后將它們放在一起攪拌。)重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)：turn on 打開(kāi)（電器）閉合開(kāi)關(guān) turn off 關(guān)閉（電器）斷開(kāi)開(kāi)關(guān)cut up 切碎 mix up 混合add . to . 把加到上 pour . into . 把澆到里面put . in . 把放到里面 put . on . 把放到上面a cup of 一杯 a teaspoon of 一勺 make faces 作鬼臉， make friends with 與交朋友， make a noise吵鬧, make mistakes犯錯(cuò)誤, make the bed整理床鋪, make ones way to往走去, make room for給騰出地方 . its easy to do sth. 做某事容易， its hard (difficult) to do sth.做某事難， Its necessary to do sth.做某事必要1.amount 2. instruction 3. finally 4. boil 5. salt 6. sandwich 7.bread 8. butter9. check 10. duck （二）重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1. milk shake 奶昔2. turn on 打開(kāi)點(diǎn)撥turn on 的意思是“打開(kāi)”，通常指打開(kāi)電器，擰開(kāi)水龍頭等。如：Could youplease turn on the blender?拓展反義詞是turn off，意為“關(guān)上”。如：Dont forget to turn off the tap(水龍頭).練習(xí)翻譯句子：請(qǐng)打開(kāi)電視機(jī)。 the TV, please.3. cup up 切碎4. pour sth. into 將某物倒入5. a teaspoon of 一茶匙點(diǎn)撥不可數(shù)名詞不能直接用數(shù)詞來(lái)修飾，表示不可數(shù)名詞的量時(shí)，要用“數(shù)詞+計(jì)量名詞 + of + 不可數(shù)名詞”。如：a cup of yogurt 一杯酸奶，two teaspoons of salt 兩茶匙鹽。練習(xí)單項(xiàng)選擇：Please give me bread.A. two B. two slices C. two slices of6. mix up 混合在一起點(diǎn)撥mix up 是“動(dòng)詞+ 副詞”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)，當(dāng)所跟賓語(yǔ)為名詞時(shí)，可位于兩者之間或副詞之后; 但當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)為代詞時(shí)，則只能位于兩者之間。拓展有類似用法的短語(yǔ)還有：cut up, turn on 等。如：cut it up, turn it on。練習(xí)翻譯句子：倒入一些牛奶和蜂蜜，然后將它們混合在一起。Pour some milk and honey, and .7. add sth. to 將某物加入8. a slice of 一片9. on the top 在頂部10. a recipe for 的烹調(diào)法（三）重點(diǎn)句型1. How do you make? 你怎么制作？點(diǎn)撥詢問(wèn)如何制作某物用How does sb. make sth.? 句型。如： How does Tom make a model plane?鏈接make 作動(dòng)詞，可表示“做；制作”。如：make bread 做面包；make clothes做衣服。練習(xí)翻譯句子：你如何制作奶昔？ do you a milk shake?2. How many / much do we need? 我們需要多少？點(diǎn)撥 對(duì)可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量提問(wèn)用how many，后面跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；對(duì)不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量提問(wèn)用how much，后面跟不可數(shù)名詞。所謂的名詞，即是指物品、動(dòng)、植物，以及地方的名稱。但有些東西是可以數(shù)得出來(lái)的，而有些則是數(shù)不出來(lái)的。數(shù)得出來(lái)的東西，便稱為可數(shù)名詞，數(shù)不出來(lái)的東西，即稱為不可數(shù)名詞。平時(shí)所見(jiàn)的可數(shù)名詞有椅子、桌子、人、樹(shù)木等；而根本數(shù)不出來(lái)的不可數(shù)名詞有水、空氣、感情等，但有些則是太小，或平時(shí)也沒(méi)有細(xì)數(shù)者，如頭發(fā)、沙子、稻米等，亦歸為不可數(shù)名詞。依此推想，你可以想到有哪些可數(shù)名詞？哪些不可數(shù)名詞呢？試各舉五個(gè)例子：1可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞（Countable noun and Uncountable noun）從名詞的數(shù)上劃分，英語(yǔ)名詞可分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞?？蓴?shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式?？蓴?shù)名詞的單數(shù)可以與冠詞a/an 連用。不可數(shù)名詞一般沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，不能與a / an 連用。在這里，我們重點(diǎn)講述不可數(shù)名詞。（1）不可數(shù)名詞包括各種物質(zhì)的統(tǒng)稱。bread 面包 stone石頭 beer啤酒 water水 cream奶油 wood木頭jam果醬 ice 冰 paper紙 oil油 soap肥皂 glass玻璃 tea茶 gold黃金（2）抽象名詞也是不可數(shù)名詞advice 主意/忠告 death死亡 beauty美麗、漂亮 help幫助（3）在英文中下列名詞也是不可數(shù)名詞baggage 行李 furniture家具 weather氣候 information信息 knowledge知識(shí) news新聞（4）不可數(shù)名詞沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，不能與a / an 連用，在前面往往加上some（一些）， any （任何）, no （沒(méi)有），a little （少許）等詞，或與量詞搭配，組成短語(yǔ)。I dont want any advice or help I want some informationa piece of news 一條消息a drop of oil 一滴油a cake of soap 一塊肥皂a cup of tea 一杯茶two slices of bread 兩片面包three teaspoons of mayonnaise 三茶匙蛋黃醬（5）英語(yǔ)名詞的可數(shù)或不可數(shù)，不要從漢語(yǔ)本身去理解，要根據(jù)英語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣和特點(diǎn)判斷、記憶。例如：money是不可數(shù)名詞，dollar則是可數(shù)名詞。I have much money 我有許多錢He has many dollars 他有許多美元。（6）有些詞即是可數(shù)名詞，又是不可數(shù)名詞。如hair 指一個(gè)人頭上的全部頭發(fā)時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞；如果指每一根毛發(fā)時(shí)，就是可數(shù)的，可以說(shuō)one hair , two hairs Her hair is black Whenever she finds a grey hair she pulls it out她的頭發(fā)是黑的。她只要發(fā)現(xiàn)有一根白發(fā)就將它拔掉。但在英語(yǔ)中，有些名詞的歸類卻不是我們平時(shí)的可數(shù)、不可數(shù)概念，如 fish（魚(yú)）、fruit（水果）等，這點(diǎn)需要特別的注意。做筆記的方式：平時(shí)在學(xué)得一個(gè)新名詞時(shí)，隨時(shí)不忘隨手在名詞后標(biāo)上注記，可數(shù)名詞記為C，不可數(shù)名詞記為U。many 和 much 的差別：這兩個(gè)字雖然都是，很多的意思，但 many 后面是接可數(shù)名詞，而 much 后面是接不可數(shù)名詞，例：1Do you have many books?（books 為可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故前用 many。）2Do you have much homework?（homework 為不可數(shù)名詞，故前用 much。）How many .? 的用法：我們平時(shí)說(shuō)話時(shí)，總會(huì)說(shuō)或聽(tīng)到這樣的句子：1你有幾本書？（或你有多少本書？）2他有幾張卡片？（或他有多少?gòu)埧ㄆ?？?Mary 今天有幾堂課？（或Mary 今天有多少堂課？）上述三個(gè)例句最大的特色是，都有幾或多少的問(wèn)數(shù)量之詞，都把它們譯成英文看看，是不是也都有相似的字出現(xiàn)？4How many books do you have?5How many cards does he have?6How many classess does Mary have today?若以一個(gè)表格的方式，將上述的句子做分類，你應(yīng)該可以歸納出這樣一個(gè)表：How many可數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)名詞do/does主詞have？其實(shí)How many ? 的使用還不只于此，上述句型中的動(dòng)詞，并不只限于 have，先看看底下的例子：7How many candies do you eat every morning?（你每天早上吃多少糖果？）8How many letters does she write every day?（她每天寫多少信？）想想看：試試將底下的句子翻譯成英文。1你每天看多少本書？2Tom每天晚上吃多少熱狗？3他有多少朋友呢？4這群學(xué)生每天打幾場(chǎng)籃球賽？5Amanda 每天讀幾科？How much .? 的用法：上述的句型，因?yàn)槭怯?many 的關(guān)系，只限用于問(wèn)多少可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，若是要問(wèn)不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量時(shí)，則將 many 為 much 即可，例：9How much money do you get?（你拿到多少錢？）10How much cheese does he eat every morning?（他每天早上吃多少奶酪？）11How much beef does MrsChen get?（陳太太買多少牛肉？）想想看：若依據(jù) How many .? 的用法，則問(wèn)不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量的句型，應(yīng)該怎么寫呢？do/does主詞？到第二冊(cè)第八課為止，已學(xué)過(guò)的常用不可數(shù)名詞有：fish, ice cream, milk, money, beef, cheese, chicken（雞肉）, exercise（運(yùn)動(dòng)）, food, homework, jewelry, juice, meat, pork, tea 等。2祈使句的使用祈使句用來(lái)表示請(qǐng)求、命令等。沒(méi)有主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞用原形。否定的祈使句要在動(dòng)詞前加Dont構(gòu)成。Stand up , Please ! 請(qǐng)起立。Dont wake me up tomorrow morning 明天早上別叫醒我。Hurry up , or you will be late 趕緊一點(diǎn)，否則你會(huì)遲到的。Dont run in the hallways 在走廊上不能跑。Peel the apple , please 給蘋果削皮。Exercise : 漢譯英（1）切碎三個(gè)香蕉、三個(gè)蘋果和一個(gè)西瓜。（2）把水果放進(jìn)一個(gè)碗里。（3）放兩茶匙肉桂和一杯酸奶。（4）把所有的東西混在一起攪拌。Keys :Cup up three bananas , three apples and a watermelonPut the fruit in a bowlPut in two teaspoons of cinnamon and a cup of yogurt .Mix it all up 3學(xué)習(xí)陳述一個(gè)過(guò)程及一些副詞first , next , then finally 的使用。在生活中，我們經(jīng)常要向別人講述一件事情發(fā)生的經(jīng)過(guò)，或者講述做事的先后順序。也就是敘述一個(gè)過(guò)程，恰當(dāng)?shù)氖褂胒irst , next , then , 和finally ，既能使說(shuō)話人喘口氣，又能使聽(tīng)話者感到句子的連貫性。First .（首先.）， Next .（接下來(lái).）Then .（然后.）， Finally .（最后.）egA: How do you make chicken SandwichB: Well , first , put the mayonnaise on a slice of bread Then cut up an onion and a tomatoAdd these to the sandwich Next , put some lettuce and the chicken slices on the sandwich Put the relish on the chicken Finally , put another slice of bread on top A: It must be delicious Thank you for telling me 4cut 切，割，剪，割破cut up 切碎、粉碎、搗毀egI cut my finger when I cooked dinner yesterday昨天我做晚飯時(shí)割破了手指。The butcher cut up the meat 屠夫把肉切碎。5add.to把.加到.上egIf you add 5 to 6 , you get 11五加六得十一。Please add turkey slice to the sandwich 請(qǐng)把火雞片加到三明治里。7補(bǔ)充詞匯（1）碟子 dish （2）盤子plate（3）湯匙spoon （4）刀子knife（5）叉子fork （6）打蛋器egg beater（7）蘇打水soda （8）奶油cream（9）peach桃 （10）梨pear（11）葡萄grape （12）strawberry草莓（13）sauce醬油 （14）sesame oil 香油（15）butter 黃油 （16）salad oil 色拉油（17）peanut oil 花生油如：How many students are there in the classroom?又如：How much water do you want? 練習(xí)選詞填空： How (many / much) milk do you need?3. Let me think讓我想想4. First Next Then Finally首先接下來(lái)然后最后5. Do you like in sandwiches?你喜歡三明治里加嗎？6. Heres a recipe for這是的烹調(diào)法。（四）中考鏈接課本原句Turn on the blender.中考真題( ) 1. Its time for us to listen to the news. Would you please the radio?A. turn on B. turn off C. turn down( ) 2. those lights, please. Dont use so much energy(能源). A. Take off B. Put on C. Turn off D. Turn on課本原句How many bananas do we need?We need three bananas.How much yogurt do we need?We need one cup of yogurt.中考真題( ) 3. milk do you want?Three bottles, please. A. How much B. How many C. What( ) 4. Do you know how many a horse has and how many a bee has? Of course, I know. A. teeth; feet B. tooth; foot C. foot; teeth D. teeth; foot( ) 5. How much tea do you need, Mr Zhang?. A. Two cups tea B. Two cup of teas C. Two cups of tea( ) 6. There a lot of rain in the area in August every year. A. is B. was C. are D. were7. 用括號(hào)內(nèi)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：It is said that eight of water a day can help you keep fit. (glass)單元檢測(cè)（100分）一、短語(yǔ)翻譯（10分）1、兩塊雞肉 2、一茶匙肉桂 3、混合在一起 4、兩箱梨兒5、喝兩袋牛奶 6、可數(shù)名詞 7、不可數(shù)名詞 8、制作水果沙拉9、多少牛肉 10、多少蘋果二詞匯（22.5分）1.Please buy some _(三明治) for your grandma.2.Let me help you put some _(黃油) on your bread.3.I want some _(糖) in my coffee.4.My mother put_ _(兩勺) of sauce in it.5.How do you _ (做)the fruit salad?6._（檢查）your papers before you hand them in.7.Before you take the medicine, you must read the _（說(shuō)明）carefully.8.I have already _（加）some salt to the soup . Is it salty enough ?9Chickens cant swim while _ （鴨子）can.10. Now lets _（混合）them up , then we can get a mixture.11. He gave his daughter a large a_ of money.12. Bread is baked in an o_.13. You should a_ some water to the soup.14. We need two t_ of honey.15. How m_ yogurt do you want to buy?三. 選擇（22.5分）( ) 1. Finally, _ all the ingredients in the blender.A. mix up B. mixture C. bring( ) 2. How much _ do you want?A. money B. shoes C. moneys( ) 3. How many _ are there on the table?A. water B. cup of water C. bottles of water( ) 4. I usually have some bread and some _ pork for breakfast.A. slices of B. slice of C. slices( ) 5. We _ peanut before we eat them. A. eat B. hit C. peel( ) 6. He often _ the TV and watches the news when he comes home.A. opens B. turns on C. turns off( ) 7. _ the bananas and yogurt in the blender.A. Put B. Put in C. Take( ) 8. How do you _ a kite?A. smell B. make C. taste( ) 9. Li Mu picks _ corn than _.A. much more, Jills B. many more, Jill C. much more, Ji