大學(xué)英語四級選詞填空模擬題.doc

第一篇 關(guān)于減肥Perhaps like most Americans you have some extra pounds to 47 . You may even have tried a fad diet or two, but found yourself right back where you started. The key to weight loss is regular 48 activity. And surprisingly, you dont have to give up eating or make the gym your second home to see long-term, 49 effects.You body needs a certain amount of energy to maintain basic 50 such as breathing, blood circulation and digestion. The energy required to keep your organs functioning is referred to as the resting or basal metabolic rate.Any time you are active, 51 energy is required. It is obtained from glycogen and fat stored in the blood, liver, and muscles. The key to losing weight is to draw on the fat rather than on the carbohydrate reserves.Which of the two energy sources you use depends on the intensity and 52 of your activity. The higher the intensity, the more your body will pull from the stored carbohydrates. The lower the intensity, the more your body will 53 on fat as its fuel.Aerobic exercise is most 54 for weight loss. When you perform aerobic activities you 55 contract large muscle groups such as your legs and arms. Walking, running, rollerblading, swimming, dancing, and jumping jacks are all forms of aerobic activity.Surprisingly, if your aerobic activity is low to moderately intense and of long duration, you will burn more fat than if you had 56 in a short burst of high-intensity exercise. In short, a brisk 30-minute walk will burn fat while a 100-yard sprint will burn glycogen.A positiveB additionalC durationD effective E shed F physicalG food H functions I participated J rely K cut L repeatedlyM uses N little O obvious47. E 該空需填入動詞原形，結(jié)合原意“和大多數(shù)美國人一梯狀，你(的體重)可能也有幾磅需要_”可知，E(去除)最符合文意。48. F 結(jié)合常識和下文可知，F(xiàn)最符合文意。49. A 結(jié)合句意“令人驚奇的是，為了看到長期_效果你不必節(jié)食或常去健身館”，可知空格處需填一形容詞，初選后留下A、D。由于下文只是講到運動會幫助減肥，但并未說明它的效果明顯，所以此處宜選用意思上更寬泛的positive(正面的，有效的)。50. H 下文舉例的breathing, blood circulation and digestion都是人體的基本功能，且其后的functioning已給出了提示，故H最符合文意。51. B 該空需填入形容詞，結(jié)合常識和句意“任何時候只要你活動，你都需要_能量”來看選項，B(額外的)符合文意。52. C 該句句意為“采用這兩種能量消耗來源中的哪一種取決于你活動的強度和_”，結(jié)合下文提到的.low to moderately intense and of long duration.可知C最符合文意。53. J 結(jié)合句意“(活動的)強度越低，身體越_于脂肪作為其燃料”，該空應(yīng)填入能和on搭配的動詞，J最符合文意。54. D 結(jié)合常識可知，有氧運動是最有效的減肥方式，選項中D最符合文意。55. L 該空需填入副詞，選項中只有L和N可作副詞，由下文提到的walking, running, swimming, dancing, and jumping等可推知在這些有氧運動中四肢的活動是反復(fù)的，故排除N。56. I 該空需填入動詞的過去分詞，結(jié)合句意“如果你已經(jīng)_高強度、爆發(fā)性的運動，你會燃燒更多的脂肪”可知I最符合文意。第二篇 關(guān)于太陽花A sunflower is a sunflower. A mobile phone is a mobile phone. But can you 47 the two to do something for your local 48 ?It may well be possible. When you have finished with your mobile phone you will be able to 49 it in the garden or a plant pot and wait for it to flower.50 , a biodegradable (生物可降解的)mobile phone was introduced by scientists. It is hoped that the new type of phone will encourage 51 to recycle.Scientists have come up with a new material over the last five years. It looks like any other 52 and can be hard or soft. and able to change shape. Overtime it can also break down into the soil without giving out any toxic 53 . British researchers used the new material to develop a phone cover that contains a sunflower seed. When this new type of cover turns into waste, it 54 nitrates(硝酸鹽). These feed the seed and help the flower grow.Engineers have designed a small 55 window to hold the seed. They have made sure it only grows when the phone is thrown away.Weve only put sunflower seeds into the covers so far. But we are working with plant 56 to find out which flowers would perform best. Maybe we could put roses in next time, said one scientist.A Recently B consumer C chemical D environment E combineF transparent G buy H companion I experts J forms K buryL paper M paper N plastic O Usually47. E 該空應(yīng)填入動詞原形，選項中只有E、G和K是動詞原形。文章前兩句點明兩者是截然不同的東西，這里用but一轉(zhuǎn)，講能不能把兩者結(jié)合起來，E最符合文章。48. D 本題需通讀下文，對整篇文章有所了解才能得出答案。由下文的相關(guān)信息詞biodegradable (生物可降解的)，recycle(回收)等可知D最符合文意。49. K 該名前半句講手機報廢，所以極可能是把廢棄的手機扔進或埋進花園，動詞原形的E. G. K中，K最符合文意。50. A 分析空格所在句的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空格處應(yīng)充當(dāng)狀語成分且需大寫，結(jié)合詞義，選項中A符合文意。51. B 結(jié)合句意“這種新型手機有望激勵_進行回收利用”可推知此空應(yīng)填入表示人的名詞，故B最符合文意。52. N 前句提到科學(xué)家開發(fā)了一種新材料，接著談到這種新材料像其他_一樣容易塑形，這正是塑料的特性，故選N。53. C 空格所在句意為“隨著時間的流逝，它也能分解到土壤里，而且不會釋放出任何有毒的_ _”，分解多半與化學(xué)有關(guān)，所以空格處應(yīng)填入chemicals(化學(xué)物質(zhì))。54. J 該空需填入第三人稱單數(shù)的動詞形式，選項中只有J符合文意。55. F 該空需填入一個形容詞，選項中只有F和O是形容詞，F(xiàn)(透明的)符合文意。因為只有透明的才方便工程師觀察，才有下面的make sure一說。56. I 由句意“但我們(工程師)現(xiàn)在正和植物_合作”可知，空格處應(yīng)選表一類人的名詞，且用可數(shù)形式，B、I中I符合文意。第三篇 關(guān)于外教Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.In recent years, more and more foreigners are involved in the teaching programs of the United States. Both the advantages and the disadvantages47 using foreign faculty in teaching positions have to be48 , of course. It can be said that the foreign background that makes the faculty member from abroad an asset also49 problems of adjustment, both for the university and for the individual. The foreign research scholar usually isolates himself in the laboratory as a means of protection; 50 , what he needs is to be fitted to a highly organized university system quite different from51 at home. He is faced in his daily work with differences in philosophy, arrangements of courses and methods of teaching. Both the visiting professor and his students52 a common ground in each others cultures, some concept of what is already in the minds of American students is53 for the foreign professor. While helping him to adapt himself to his new environment, the university must also 54 certain adjustments in order to take full advantage of what the newcomer can55 . It isnt always known how to make creative use of foreign faculty, especially at smaller colleges. This is thought to be a56 where further study is called for. The findings of such a study will be of value to colleges and universities with foreign faculty.A)field B)possess C)considered D)express E)offer F)create G)requiredH)of I)emerge J)make K)lack L)however M)scope N)cause O)thatSection A原文精譯近年來，越來越多的外國人參與了美國的教學(xué)項目。當(dāng)然，在教學(xué)中使用外國教職員工既有優(yōu)點，又有缺點，這必須予以考慮?？梢赃@樣說，國外背景使外國教職員工具有價值的同時，也給學(xué)校和個人的調(diào)整帶來一些問題。外國學(xué)者通常把自己孤立在實驗室中，以此作為一種保護;然而，他所需要的是把自己融入一個具有高度組織的大學(xué)體系中，這種體系與其國家的體系截然不同。在日常工作中，他要面對哲學(xué)、課程安排和教學(xué)方法上的差異。訪問教授和他的學(xué)生在各自的文化方面都缺乏一種共同點，所以外國教授需要明白美國學(xué)生已經(jīng)了解了那些概念。在幫助外國教授使其適應(yīng)新環(huán)境的同時，學(xué)校也必須作出某些調(diào)整，以充分發(fā)揮新人的優(yōu)勢。如何創(chuàng)造性地利用外國教職教員并不總為人所知，特別是在一些較小的學(xué)校中。這被認(rèn)為是需要進一步研究的領(lǐng)域，其研究成果將對擁有外國教職員工的學(xué)院和大學(xué)產(chǎn)生重大的價值。47. 【答案】H)【解析】選of 。使用外國教師的優(yōu)點和缺點必須仔細權(quán)衡，此處空格填介詞of。48. 【答案】C)【解析】選considered。consider意思是“考慮，認(rèn)為”。使用外國教師的優(yōu)點和缺點必須仔細權(quán)衡，此處用被動語態(tài)。49. 【答案】F)【解析】選create。create意思是“產(chǎn)生，制造”。國外的教師資源也會產(chǎn)生些問題。50. 【答案】L)【解析】選however。本句與前一句意思為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，而且轉(zhuǎn)折詞在前，因此用連詞however。51. 【答案】O)【答案】選that。他必須適應(yīng)管理嚴(yán)密的大學(xué)體系，而這一點是與他國內(nèi)的大學(xué)體系大不相同的。that是指代大學(xué)體系。52. 【答案】K)【解析】選lack。所有外來教授和他的學(xué)生都缺乏文化共同性。53. 【答案】G)【解析】選required。外來教授需要接受美國學(xué)生頭腦里已存在的那些概念。54. 【答案】J)【解析】選make。“做些調(diào)整”用動詞make。大學(xué)必須做出適當(dāng)?shù)恼{(diào)整。55. 【答案】E)【解析】選offer。offer意思是“提供，供應(yīng)”。56. 【答案】A)【解析】選field。field意思是“領(lǐng)域”。這是一個有待進一步研究的領(lǐng)域。第四篇 關(guān)于搖滾Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Rock and roll is a genre of popular music that evolved in the United States in the late 1940s and early 1950s. Its 47 lie mainly in blues, rhythm and blues, country, folk, gospel, and jazz. The style subsequently spread to the rest of the world and developed further, leading ultimately to 48 rock music.The term “rock and roll” now covers at least two different meanings, both in common usage. The American Heritage Dictionary and the Merriam-Webster Dictionary both 49 rock and roll as synonymous with rock music.50 , A defines the term as referring specifically to the music of the 1950s.Classic rock and roll is 51 played with one or two electric guitars, a string bass or an electric bass guitar, and a drum kit. In the 52 rock and roll styles of the late 1940s, either the piano or saxophone was often the lead instrument, but these were generally 53 or supplemented by the guitar in the middle to late 1950s.The massive popularity and eventual worldwide view of rock and roll gave it a 54 social impact. Far beyond simply a musical style, rock and roll, as seen in movies and in the new medium of television, 55 lifestyles, fashion, attitudes, and language. It went on to spawn various sub-genres, often without the initially 56 backbeat, that are now more commonly called simply “rock music” or “rock”.A) define I) followed B) characteristic J) modernC) unique K) explanation D) roots L) ConverselyE) usually M) replaced F) Basically N) prepareG) earliest O) seldoH) influencedSection A47. D)。此處需要一個名詞。此處講的是搖滾主要植根于布魯斯、節(jié)奏布魯斯、鄉(xiāng)村音樂、民歌、福音歌以及爵士樂。48. J)。此處需要一個形容詞。參見上題解析可知，搖滾最終發(fā)展為現(xiàn)代的搖滾音樂。49. A)。此處需要一個動詞。根據(jù)前面出現(xiàn)的兩個詞典給出的解釋及后面的內(nèi)容可以推斷，這里是對搖滾進行定義。50. L)。此處需要一個副詞。根據(jù)上下文可知，ALL與前兩個詞典的定義不同，它將搖滾定義為20世紀(jì)50年代的音樂而不是現(xiàn)代音樂。51. E)。此處需要一個副詞。根據(jù)上下文可知，古典搖滾樂通常由如下樂器合奏：一兩把電吉他;一個弦貝司或電貝司;一組架子鼓。52. G)。此處需要一個形容詞。根據(jù)下文出現(xiàn)的1940s這個時間可知，這里講的是20世紀(jì)40年代末期出現(xiàn)的最早的搖滾風(fēng)格。53. M)。此處需要一個動詞。根據(jù)下文“or supplemented by the guitar”可知，鋼琴與薩克斯風(fēng)這些早期主打樂器被20世紀(jì)50年代中后期的吉他所取代或補充。54. C)。此處需要一個形容詞。根據(jù)上下文可知，搖滾對社會產(chǎn)生的影響是獨特的。55. H)。此處需要一個動詞。此處講的是，除了音樂風(fēng)格，在電影及電視媒體里均可見搖滾對生活風(fēng)格、流行、態(tài)度及語言的影響。56. B)。此處需要一個形容詞。此處講搖滾繼續(xù)發(fā)展成各種不同的類型，一般都沒有搖滾樂初期特有的強節(jié)奏基調(diào)。第五篇 關(guān)于美國的專利體系Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.The American patent system, provided for in the Constitution, was designed to encourage the creation and use of new technology. An inventor would describe the invention, both in writing and with drawings, and _47_ the description with a model to a government official. If the invention was judged to be _48_ and beneficial, the official would give the inventor a patent. The patent meant that for 14 years the inventor owned the new invention. Inventors could _49_ their ideas to manufacturers or just use them themselves. The government would not _50_ any other patent for the same idea, and the inventor could _51_ anyone of using the patented idea with- out paying the owner of the patent for _52_ to use it.A useful patent meant that the inventor could make a lot of money. In exchange for this gover- nmental protection, the government published the patent _53_ , which had to provide enough information so that other people could understand the inventionthus adding to the general_54_technological knowledge. And at the end of the 14 years, anyone could use the invention for_55_.The idea behind the patent system was twofold: it would increase the amount of technology, by providing a way for people to make money out of new ideas, and it would make new technology widely available, by publicizing ideas that might _56_ be kept as trade secrets.A) license I ) specifications B) however J ) yield C) accuse K) issue D) submit L) chargeE) convenient M) available F) permission N) otherwise G) enable O) original H) free47.D 此處需要一個動詞。本句敘述申請專利的程序：申請人申請專利時需要對發(fā)明進行具體描述，然后將描述和樣品一同提交政府官員，故填submit一詞。48.O 此處需要填入一個形容詞和beneficial并列作表語。此句介紹政府官員簽發(fā)專利的條件是原創(chuàng)性和有用性，故填original。49.A 空格前為情態(tài)動詞could，所以此處需要填入一個動詞原形。此處和or后面的use them themselves意義上是對應(yīng)的。根據(jù)常識，申請人獲得專利后，專利當(dāng)然可以自己使用，也可以轉(zhuǎn)讓給其他人，故填license“許可，特許”。50.K 此處需要填入一個動詞原形。政府為一項發(fā)明簽發(fā)專利后，當(dāng)然不能再為同樣的創(chuàng)意簽發(fā)專利，故填issue“簽發(fā)，發(fā)行”。51.C 空格前為情態(tài)動詞could，所以此處需要填入一個動詞原形和后面的介詞of 搭配使用。句子用without 引導(dǎo)條件如果沒有支付費并獲準(zhǔn)使用就擅自使用該專利，因為專利受法律保護，發(fā)明人有權(quán)對其進行起訴。accuse和charge都有“控告，控訴”的意思，但是用法不同，分別為accuse sb. of sth.和charge sb. with sth. ,故排除charge。52.F 此處需要填入一個名詞作介詞for 的賓語。使用專利的人要向?qū)＠l(fā)明人支付費用， 獲得使用權(quán)后才能取得專利的使用權(quán)。故填permission“許可”。53.I 此處需要一個名詞。對于專利，政府一方面實施保護政策，另一方面，為了讓大眾了解專利的相關(guān)知識，政府會出版專利的詳細說明，所以填specifications“說明書”。54.M 此處需要一個形容詞，修飾其后的名詞knowledge。政府出版專利詳細說明的目的是讓大眾能夠了解發(fā)明，所以填available“可利用的” 。55.H 上一段中提到美國政府在專利申訴的14年內(nèi)進行保護，在這14年申報人擁有專利的所有權(quán)，超過14年，任何人都可以免費使用該專利。此處考查固定短語 for fre“免費的”。 56.N 句子主謂結(jié)構(gòu)完整，空格處可以填入一個副詞。publicizing ideas和定語從句中的be kept as trade secrets 之間是對比關(guān)系，因此需要填入一個表示轉(zhuǎn)折意義的副詞 otherwise。otherwise 和 however 都可以表示引導(dǎo)意義的轉(zhuǎn)折，但however常用插入語，其前后需要加逗號，而otherwise 不需要。第六篇 關(guān)于孕婦飲食Questions 11 to 20 are based on the following passage.A pioneering study into the effects of a mothers fat intake during pregnancy on her childs health when he or she grows up is being launched at the University of Southampton.The research will investigate whether the type and amount of fat a mother eats during pregnancy 11 the risk of heart disease, 12 high blood pressure, in her child when he or she reaches adulthood.Although the link between high fat diets and high blood pressure is well known, there has been 13 research into the connection between a womans diet and her childs risk of hypertension (高血壓).The study, which is 14 by the British Heart Foundation, is led by Dr Graham Burdge, British Heart Foundation Professor of Cardiovascular Science.The award of this 15 grant is part of a 3.5 million boost for heart research in the UK by the British Heart Foundation. The charitys special grants are made to fund research into the causes, prevention, 16 and treatment of heart disease, the UKs biggest killer.Dr Burdge says, “The type and amount of fat in our diet has 17 during the past 50 years. Pregnant women 18 the same diet as the rest of us, but we know very little about the 19 of these changes in dietary (飲食的) fat on the development and future health of their children. We hope that the 20 of this study will help to develop recommendations for pregnant women about how much fat they should eat and what types of fat they should avoid.”A) funded I) consume B) diagnosis J) coveringC) including K) influences D) founded L) notoriousE) changed M) effects F) enough N) affectsG) findings O) prestigiousH) limitedSection A11. K)。此處講孕婦攝入的脂肪量和種類是否對心臟病的患病率有影響。12. C)。此處講研究還包括孕婦攝入的脂肪量和種類同高血壓患病率之間的關(guān)系。13. H)。此處講盡管人們熟知高脂肪飲食與高血壓之間有必然的聯(lián)系，但是對于母親飲食習(xí)慣與她的孩子患高血壓的風(fēng)險之間的相關(guān)研究卻比較少。14. A)。此處講該項研究是由英國心臟病基金會資助的。15. O)。prestigious的意思是“著名的，有聲望的”。此處講這項很有名的基金是英國心臟病基金會為加大對心臟病研究而投入的資金的一部分。16. B)。此處講這部分慈善基金用于針對心臟病的起因、預(yù)防、診斷與治療方面的研究工作。17. E)。此處需要動詞的過去分詞，A)和H)已經(jīng)選過，只剩余D)和E)，而此處講的是我們飲食中的脂肪的種類和數(shù)量在過去的50年里已經(jīng)發(fā)生變化。D)項的意思是“建立”，與句意不符。18. I)。此處講孕婦和我們飲食相同，consume的意思是“消耗”，符合文意。19. M)。此處講雖然孕婦和我們飲食相同，但是我們對孕婦飲食中脂肪的改變對其孩子未來健康和發(fā)育的影響知之甚少。此處是指飲食中脂肪改變所起的作用。要用名詞形式effect;affect是動詞。20. G)。此處是說研究結(jié)果可以幫助我們?yōu)樵袐D提一些建議，該攝入多少脂肪以及什么樣的脂肪應(yīng)該避免攝入。第七篇 關(guān)于新型眼鏡Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.It seems you always forgetyour reading glasses when you are rushing to work, your coat when you are going to the cleaners, your credit card when you are shopping.Such absent-mindedness may be 47 to you; now British and German scientists are developing memory glasses that record everything the 48 sees.The glasses can play back memories later to help the wearer remember things they have forgotten such as where they left their keys. And the glasses also 49 the user to label items so that information can be used later on. The wearer could walk around an office or a factory identifying certain 50 by pointing at them. Objects indicated are then given a 51 label on a screen inside the glasses that the user then fills in.It could be used in 52 plants by mechanics looking to identify machine parts or by electricians wiring a 53 device.A spokesman for the project said: A car mechanic for 54 could find at a glance where a part on a certain car model is so that it can be identified and repaired. For the motorist the system could 55 accident black spots or dangers on the road.In other cases the glasses could be worn by people going on a guided tour, 56 points of interest or by people looking at panoramas where all the sites could be identified.A allow B instanceC blankD industrialE frustratingF itemsG indicatingH highlight I user J complicated K whiteL annoying M successful N article O simpleSection A47. E 空格處需填一形容詞，即從E、J、L、M中選擇。過去分詞一般用于主語是人的句子，排除J;結(jié)合常理，忘性大常常令人懊惱，故E最符合文章。48. I 根據(jù)定語從句謂語see可知，主語要么是人要么是眼鏡，由下句the use的提示，故選I。49. A 該空需填入一個動詞，即從備選項A、H中選擇，有allow sb. to do sth.的結(jié)構(gòu)，且語義符合文意，故選A。50. F 由上文的label items可推知F最符合文意。51. C 該空需填入一個形容詞，由下文的fill in可推知C(空白的)最符合文意。52. D 由該句中的相關(guān)信息詞mechanics(機械師)和identify machine parts可推知D最符合文意。53. J 該空需填入一個形容詞修飾名詞device(設(shè)備)，由常識可知工廠里的設(shè)備通常都很復(fù)雜，正因為復(fù)雜，不容易記住，才有必要使用這種新型眼鏡，故J最符合文意。54. B 該句主句的基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)是A car mechanic could find where a part is，介詞for和應(yīng)填的詞在句中作插入萬分，結(jié)合選項，B最符合文意。55. H 該空應(yīng)填入動詞原形，從詞義上能排出A，H符合文意。56. G 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空應(yīng)填入一個非謂語動詞，結(jié)合句意“在其他情況下，人們可以戴著這種眼鏡隨團旅游，_名勝景點”可知，G(指示)最符合文意。第八篇 關(guān)于表現(xiàn)自己Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Have you ever been afraid to talk back when you were treated _47 _? Have you ever bought something just because the salesman talked you into it? Are you afraid to ask someone for a date.Many people are afraid to assert(表現(xiàn))themselves. Dr. Alberti thinks its because their self-respect is low. Our whole _48 _ is designed to make people distrust themselves, says Alberti. Theres always _49 _ around-a parent, a teacher, a boss-who knows better. These superiors often gain when they chip(削弱) away at your self-image.But Alberti and other scientists are doing something to help people _50 _ themselves. They _51 _ assertiveness training courses-At for short. In the AT courses people learn that they have a right to be themselves. They learn to speak out and feel good about doing so. They learn to be more _52 _ without hurting other people.In one way. learning to speak out is to _53 _ fear. A group taking a course will help the timid person to lose his fear. But AT uses an even stronger _54 _-the need to share. The timid person speaks out in the group because he wants to