建筑施工中實現(xiàn)資源優(yōu)化新模式嶄露頭角.doc

建筑施工中實現(xiàn)資源優(yōu)化新模式嶄露頭角當前大型建筑工程項目化管理指的是大型建筑工程把項目管理作為一種管理模式來運用，通過合理組織大型建筑工程中的各項活動，使之能夠采用項目管理的方法和技術(shù)對各方面進行管理。項目中心模式則是大型建筑工程的日常工作圍繞著項目來開展。The current management of large-scale construction project refers to the large construction engineering project management as a management mode to use, through the activities of organizing large-scale construction engineering, which can manage all aspects of the project management methods and techniques. Project center mode is the large-scale construction engineering project to carry out daily work around.從建筑設(shè)計的角度考慮，實現(xiàn)建筑物質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)更新的重要內(nèi)容之一就是對大量建筑資源的優(yōu)化。本論文的研究意義在于全面推進典型工程資源優(yōu)化技術(shù)的手段和措施，實現(xiàn)項目建造中全面考慮長遠社會效益，全過程優(yōu)化資源和控制工程造價，進而建立行業(yè)優(yōu)化資源的標準化研究模式。Considered from the perspective of architectural design, one of the important contents of building material structure is used to update the optimization of a large number of building resources. The significance of the thesis lies in the comprehensive promotion of typical technology optimization of engineering resources means and measures, implementation of project construction comprehensively consider the long-term social benefits, the whole process of optimizing resources and control the cost of the project, and then establish the pattern of standardization of industry resources optimization.當前我國社會化大生產(chǎn)使資源優(yōu)化的矛盾日益凸顯，土地供給緊張、主要原材料紛紛告缺，資源的利用和保護再次成為關(guān)注的焦點。大型建筑工程的建設(shè)是一個資源高消耗工程，不但需要消耗大量的鋼材、水泥等建筑資源，還要占用土地、植被等自然資源。大型建筑工程工程項目可以從全局上來分配資源，平衡各個項目的需求，達成整體工程項目的目標。這是傳統(tǒng)職能型管理的一大優(yōu)點，因為局部最優(yōu)并不一定是整體最優(yōu)。但是職能部門對項目缺少直接地、及時地了解和關(guān)注。而“項目”具有實施難度很難準確估測、隨時可能有突發(fā)事件發(fā)生這么一個的特點，這種情況下，職能部門按部就班的工作模式就無法應(yīng)對項目的各種突發(fā)事件，無法及時向有需求的項目組提供資源。由此我們可以看出，資源優(yōu)化必須有一個相適應(yīng)的組織結(jié)構(gòu)來給予支持。The current production of our society makes the contradiction of resource optimization has become increasingly prominent, the land supply, the main raw materials have miss, resource utilization and protection once again become the focus of attention. The construction of large-scale construction project is the high consumption of a resource, not only need to consume a large amount of steel, cement and other building resources, but also take up land, vegetation and other natural resources. The project of large building engineering can come from the global allocation of resources, to balance the needs of the project, to achieve the overall objectives of the project. This is one of the major advantages of the traditional functional management, because the local optimum is not necessarily the best overall. But the functional departments of the project directly, timely understanding and attention. While the project has the difficulty of implementation is very difficult to accurately estimate, at any time may have characteristics of such an incident, in this case, functional departments to follow the prescribed order work mode can not cope with various emergency project, can not be timely to the demand of the project team to provide resources. From this we can see that, optimization of resources must have a suitable organizational structure to support.我們可以將建筑資源優(yōu)化過程劃分為：更新策劃與資源評價、方案設(shè)計與施工設(shè)計、工程實施三個階段來進行。建筑資源評價是在建筑資源調(diào)查的基礎(chǔ)上，從合理開發(fā)利用和保護建筑資源及取得最大的社會、經(jīng)濟、環(huán)境效益的角度出發(fā)，選擇某些因子，運用科學方法，對一定區(qū)域內(nèi)建筑資源本身的規(guī)模、質(zhì)量、分級及開發(fā)前景和施工開發(fā)條件進行綜合分析和評判鑒定的過程。資源評價與更新策劃的工作是最為重要的環(huán)節(jié)，這也是現(xiàn)階段舊建筑資源優(yōu)化工作的瓶頸所在。從工作內(nèi)容上來講，資源評價與概念策劃是建筑師職能的拓展，將建筑師的研究領(lǐng)域從傳統(tǒng)的僅注重空間尺度、比例、造型，拓展到了對人、社會、環(huán)境生態(tài)、經(jīng)濟等方面。通過資源利用的可靠性評價環(huán)節(jié)可以與規(guī)劃相互溝通，將可利用資源通過定性與定量的方式表現(xiàn)出來，并通過文字將更新思想程序化、邏輯化表達給投資商、政策管理機構(gòu)，最后將策劃成果直接用于改造設(shè)計。其次，在工作中始終保持連續(xù)性將有利地保證更新在持續(xù)合理狀態(tài)中進行。We can see the building resources optimization process is divided into three stages: update plan implementation and resource evaluation, scheme design, engineering design and construction of. Building resource evaluation is based on architectural resource survey, from the rational exploitation and protection of resources and achieving social, economic construction, environment benefit the biggest point of view, the selection of certain factor, the use of scientific methods, process of construction resources within a certain region itself, quality, grade and scale of development prospect and development condition of construction comprehensive analysis and evaluation of identification. With the updated resource evaluation planning work is the most important part, it is the old building resources optimization bottleneck. From the contents of speaking, and the concept of resource evaluation plan is to expand the functions of architects, research field of architects from the traditional focus only on the spatial scale, proportion, shape, extended to people, society, economy, ecological environment. Reliability assessment through link resource utilization can communicate with each other and planning, will be able to make use of the resources through qualitative and quantitative manner, and the text will renew the idea and procedure, the logical expression to investors, policy management mechanism, the planning results directly used for transformation design. Secondly, always keep the work in the continuity will be beneficial to ensure the update in sustainable state.在新模式的引導下，每一條大型建筑工程的建設(shè)都應(yīng)該通過合理選線、全面勘察、技術(shù)標準和指標與自然條件良好結(jié)合等建設(shè)原則，從資源優(yōu)化的角度出發(fā)，以滿足工程質(zhì)量為前提，在每一處細節(jié)實施資源優(yōu)化的政策，較好的優(yōu)化大型建筑工程沿線當?shù)氐耐恋刭Y源，做到建筑工程與自然環(huán)境的和諧相處?，F(xiàn)代大型建筑工程在建設(shè)過程中，經(jīng)常采用資源優(yōu)化型新工藝和新技術(shù)，這些新工藝和新技術(shù)在后期通車運行過程中同樣起到了優(yōu)化管理成本的作用，具有可持續(xù)發(fā)展的強大意義。In the new model under the guidance of the construction, every large building project should be through reasonable selection, comprehensive investigation, technical standards and indicators and good natural conditions with the construction principle, starting from the resource optimization point of view, to meet the needs of engineering quality as the premise, the implementation of resource optimization policy in every detail, along the local land resources optimization of large construction projects do better, in harmony with the natural environment, architectural engineering. Modern large-scale construction projects in the construction process, often using the resource optimization of new process and new technology, also played a role in the optimization of cost management of the new technology and new technology opening run late in the process, has strong significance of sustainable development.總之，由于社會的不斷發(fā)展變化，企業(yè)、項目的復(fù)雜性和方法