人教版必修三Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of stars Language points學(xué)案.doc

unit 4 astronomy：the science of stars language points學(xué)案learning target:to know the usage of more words and expressions:learning procedures:step 1. practice before classtranslation:group 1.很多年以后，去月球?qū)⒊蔀槿藗兌燃俚钠毡檫x擇。_group 2.這些產(chǎn)品首次引進市場就獲得了成功。group 3.在森林里迷路了一個星期的兩個學(xué)生最終被警察營救了出來。group 4這是我所見到的最嚴重的疾病。step 2. whilestudy1.) selfobservation1. last month i was lucky enough to have a chance to make a trip into space with my friend li yanping, an astronomer.上個月我有幸得到一個機會同我的朋友，一位宇航員李彥平一道去太空旅行。enough的用法: (1）用作代詞：作主語或賓語。 you have done more than enough. 你已做得夠多了。 i have had enough. thank you. 我吃的已經(jīng)夠多的了，謝謝。（2）形容詞作定語：enough用在名詞前、后都可以,一般放在前面。 i have enough time to do the work. 我有足夠的時間做此項工作。中英互譯：he couldnt run quickly enough to catch up with the cat. 這孩子到上學(xué)的年齡了。2 . then we were off. 隨后我們就啟程了。 be off = set off 出發(fā)；動身 i am off today. 我今天不用上班.中英互譯：we are off today. _ 那些旅客已經(jīng)動身了：與off相關(guān)的短語: set.off 送行 kick off 踢球 jump off 跳下 give off 散發(fā) show off 炫耀shut off 關(guān)閉get off 下車take off 脫下turn off 關(guān)閉pay off 付清；還清3. when we get closer to the moon, we shall feel its gravity pulling us but it will not be as strong a pull as the earths. 當(dāng)我們更接近月球時，就會感到月球的引力在拉我們。但是，月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大。 get close to 靠近，接近，指動態(tài)變化 be close to 距.近，指狀態(tài)譯： the school is close to the post office.與get相關(guān)的短語:get along：相處融洽，進展等get down to: 開始認真對待，開始認真考慮。get on 上車get through： 到達；通過，捱過；辦完，花光 （錢、時間等）。get to 到達get over： 克服（困難，偏見等），從（病、損失等中恢復(fù)過來等。 get up 起床4. but when i tried to step forward i found i was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over. 1). “a + be + 倍數(shù) + as +形容詞原級 + as + b”. this tree is three times as tall as that one. 這棵樹是那棵樹的三倍高。 his father is twice as old as he. 他父親的年紀有他兩倍大。 2). “a + be + 倍數(shù) +形容詞比較級 + than + b ” the yangtze river is almost twice longer than the pearl river. 長江差不多比珠江長兩倍。 the number of students in our school is three times larger than that in theirs. 我們學(xué)校的學(xué)生數(shù)量比他們學(xué)校的多三倍。3). “a + be + 倍數(shù) + the +名詞 (size, length, amount) + of + b” the newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one. 新擴建的廣場是未擴建時的四倍大。 5. . “walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.” .既然引力改變了，走路也的確需要練一練了。 now that同since相似，語氣較弱，強調(diào)人們已知的事實。now that you are busy, let me do it for you. 既然你忙, 就讓我給你做吧。 now that everyone is here lets start work 現(xiàn)在人都齊了, 咱們開始干吧。6. we watched, amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earths gravity increased. break out 它與happen, take place, come out等詞的用法一樣，是不及物動詞，不能帶賓語，不能用于被動語態(tài)。1) 戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)the american civil war broke out in 1861. 美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)于1861年。 2) 發(fā)生爭吵a quarrel broke out between them. 他們之間發(fā)生了爭吵。3) (火災(zāi))發(fā)生 afirebrokeoutinhishouselastnight. 昨晚他家里失火了。與break相關(guān)的短語: break down 打破; 毀掉; 破除; 坍塌; 壞掉 break in 破門而入; 打斷break away from 脫離政黨; 打破陳規(guī) break through 突圍; 突破; 沖垮; 克服break up 打碎; 拆散; 分裂; 分解break ones word/promise食言; 說話不算數(shù)2) selfexperience1. will you go swimming with me this weekend? _. a. all depend b. it depends c. it depends ond. all depends on2. i was about to knock on the door when it was opened _. a. from inside b. within c. in d. from within3. the happy news quickly _ through the whole village. a. was spread b. were spreading c. spreadd. had been spread4. we cant continue to pretend that the problem of homelessness doesnt _ in this city. a. exist b. livec. bed. survive5. the hall was already full, and hundreds of _ fans were turned away at the door. a. disappointingb. disappointed c. disappointd. disappointment6. the club women gathered _ clothes for people in the tsunami-hit countries. a. a mass of b. mass of c. a large number of d. amount of 7. we should try our best to _ those people after the disaster. a. break out b. cheer on c. break up d. cheer up8. at last, i made up my mind to speak the truth _of the whole class. a. in the present b. at the present c. in the presence d. at the presence9. he wants to see changes in the company and i am sure he will, _. a. on time b. at a timec. at one timed. in time10. they had a _ quarrel and john stormed out. a. violent b. cruel c. muchc. harmful11. the government has to close those small factories to prevent the water of the river _. a. pollutingb. from polluting c. being pollutedd. polluted12. _ im well again, i can go on with my work. a. even if b. as thoughc. ever afterd. now that13. some of the doctors are paid almost _ as the nurses. a. twice as muchb. much as twice c. as much twiced. as twice much14. _ anyone should want to kill her was unbelievable. a. whether b. thatc. whatd. if15. _ the ancient egyptians built the pyramids puzzled people for centuries. a. whether b. whatc. howd. wherestep3: selfassessment i have learnt the following words and phrases quite well:_參考答案step 1. 1. many years in the future, going to the moon will be peoples common choice for spending holidays.2. the product got a great