英語(yǔ)：Chapter 2 Pollution Fighters教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)（上海牛津八年級(jí)下）.doc

Chapter Two Pollution FightersI. 章節(jié)分析（一）綜述本單元的Reading部分的文章是關(guān)于“樹和環(huán)境”。通過(guò)一名中學(xué)生采訪科學(xué)家來(lái)了解“樹”對(duì)環(huán)境保護(hù)所起的作用?！拔廴尽眴?wèn)題是一個(gè)舊話題，在6B Module 1The Natural Elements和教材后面的Project 1 The Environment 都談?wù)摰江h(huán)境與污染的問(wèn)題；7A Module 3 Natural Elements Unit 4 Forests and land中談到了森林，實(shí)際上就是談樹的作用和用途。其中的大部分內(nèi)容都是我們的學(xué)生很熟悉的，所以老師在引入新課時(shí)，可以從學(xué)生們熟悉的話題“森林”談起，很自然的進(jìn)入新課內(nèi)容。本單元的Listening部分也是圍繞主題，通過(guò)Completing a notice的形式，進(jìn)一步讓學(xué)生了解樹的作用，從而積極投入到“植樹戰(zhàn)役”中去。Language部分介紹了現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(the present continuous tense)的用法。Speaking部分圍繞本課的主題討論How to fight pollution? 我們可以把這部分內(nèi)容放在Post-reading環(huán)節(jié)，讓學(xué)生進(jìn)行討論。Using English部分 (The index) 老師可以告訴學(xué)生the index 與the contents page 都可以幫助我們快速了解一本書的信息，只是the index 的排版大部分在書后，而且是以字母循序排列的，有主題，比較詳細(xì)而the contents page 的排版在書的前面，按頁(yè)碼排序。Writing部分是為學(xué)校報(bào)紙寫一篇有關(guān)工人們是如何建造一個(gè)sitting-out area的文章。（二）教學(xué)目標(biāo)1. 知識(shí)目標(biāo)1）詞匯：掌握本章出現(xiàn)的生詞。2）語(yǔ)法：能熟練運(yùn)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的陳述句，一般疑問(wèn)句，特殊疑問(wèn)句。3）功能：能和同學(xué)，老師表達(dá)自己的思想。4）話題：能談?wù)摗翱刮廴尽边@一話題。2. 能力目標(biāo)1）聽(tīng)：通過(guò)聽(tīng)錄音材料來(lái)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生捕捉特定信息的能力。并強(qiáng)化自己在閱讀中所獲取的信息。2）說(shuō)：通過(guò)看圖說(shuō)話，談?wù)撛掝}，與同學(xué)交流，合作中反復(fù)運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言，自己的所學(xué)來(lái)表達(dá)自己的思想，觀點(diǎn)。3）讀：通過(guò)朗讀對(duì)話，快速閱讀來(lái)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生快速捕捉信息，解決問(wèn)題的能力。4）寫：根據(jù)所給話題，把自己的想法，觀點(diǎn)與同伴的交流成果寫在紙上。3. 情感目標(biāo)通過(guò)談?wù)撛掝}，小組合作的形式激發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的興趣以及合作意識(shí)。強(qiáng)化學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí)的目的。指導(dǎo)協(xié)同努力實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的教學(xué)目標(biāo)。（三）教學(xué)方法課文的引入和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的訓(xùn)練時(shí)可使用游戲教學(xué)法。在課文教學(xué)中可采用任務(wù)型教學(xué)法，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生完成教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)。合作學(xué)習(xí)法完成說(shuō)和寫等部分的練習(xí)。來(lái)源:學(xué)?？?。網(wǎng)（四）重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)來(lái)源:學(xué)&科&網(wǎng)Z&X&X&K1現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)： Im reading. He is not working. Are they planting trees? Whats Ted doing? Hes playing volleyball with Carol.來(lái)源:學(xué),科,網(wǎng) Is Ted playing volleyball? Yes, he is. / No, he isnt. Hes _.2快速閱讀抓住自己需要的信息。通過(guò)聽(tīng)力的形式對(duì)所獲取的信息進(jìn)行鞏固加深。3小組合作討論如何防治污染并以對(duì)話的方式體現(xiàn)，并能自己闡明觀點(diǎn)。4記錄自己本節(jié)所學(xué)。II. 教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)：1. ReadingStep 1 Pre-reading1) 老師可以通過(guò)復(fù)習(xí)舊句型：What can we get from forests? 引出本單元的主題。然后讓學(xué)生根據(jù)圖片一問(wèn)一答做 pair work，來(lái)了解 What good are trees? 當(dāng)然除了老師提供的圖片以外，也可以讓學(xué)生根據(jù)自己了解到的知識(shí)自由發(fā)揮。2) 老師與學(xué)生一起得出結(jié)論：Trees are very useful and important. 老師接著問(wèn)學(xué)生：What else do you know about trees? How long do trees live? 然后讓學(xué)生來(lái)做一個(gè)與樹有關(guān)的quiz。通過(guò)這個(gè)quiz讓學(xué)生知道 Trees are pollution fighters.老師還可以充分利用教參中的Notes來(lái)幫助學(xué)生進(jìn)一步了解樹是如何與空氣污染、水污染和噪音污染作斗爭(zhēng)的。同時(shí)幫助學(xué)生解決部分Reading中的生詞，如：chemical, produce, release, oxygen, nasty等等。Step 2 While-reading（這是本課的重點(diǎn)部分）1) 第一遍閱讀文章，要求學(xué)生根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容和線索猜測(cè)詞意。2) 第二遍通讀全文，理解文章意思，并完成Ex. D (page 18)、Ex. E (page 19)。提醒學(xué)生閱讀時(shí)注意閱讀方法的使用。比如，在做Ex. D時(shí)，使用scanning即跳讀的方法尋找具體問(wèn)題的答案。在做Ex. E時(shí)，使用skimming即略讀的方法，注意文章中的主題句和關(guān)鍵句。3) 聽(tīng)課文錄音。4) 重點(diǎn)詞匯及句式講解。1. collect some facts for a class project on pollution2. pollute (v.) / pollution (n.) / polluted (adj.) / pollutant (n.) 污染物3. interview (vt.) Doctor Ray4. be interested in = be keen on / be fond of / enjoy / like 喜歡，感興趣5. show (great) interest in 6. interest (n./v.) / interesting (adj.) / interested (adj.)7. the biggest and oldest living things on earth8. live (v.) 生活，居住 e.g. Where do you live?(adj.) 活著，有生命 e.g. Have you ever touched a real live snake? 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播的 e.g. It wasnt a recorded show, it was live. lively (adj.) 有生氣的，活潑的，充滿活力的 e.g. They are lively children. alive (adj.) 活的e.g. The young woman was still alive when the ambulance reached the hospital. He kept the little cat alive by feeding it warm milk. 充滿生機(jī)的 e.g. In the evening the town really comes alive. (名詞后用alive) living (adj.) 活的 e.g. Does he have any living relatives? (名詞前用living)(n.) 生活 e.g. She makes a living by selling newspapers. life (n.) (個(gè)人的)生命 C e.g. Three lives were lost in the fire. Doctors fought all night to save her life.生活 U e.g. Life can be hard for a single parent. Thats life, you cant change it.Exercises: 1) My family _ in New York ten years ago.2) Is your grandfather _?3) What is the oldest _ things in the world?4) Policemen make our _ safe.5) The _ people should always look forward.6) My pet dogs are dying. Cant you make them _?7) I make a _ by teaching in a middle school.9. What good are trees? = What is the good of trees? 樹有什么好處呢？10. make streets more beautiful and less noisy11. noise (n.) / noisy (adj.) / noisily (adv.)12. else (adj.) 其它的 (置于疑問(wèn)代詞或不定代詞后) e.g. What else can they do? Do you want to buy anything else? other (adj.) 其它的 (置于名詞前) e.g. We study Chinese, math, English and other subjects.13. suppose (v.) = think something to be true e.g. I suppose you felt tired after running the marathon (, didnt you?). suppose = pretend that something is truee.g. Suppose you had a million dollars, what would you do?14. enjoy breathing pure, cool air (enjoy doing sth)15. breath (n.) bre/ breathe (v.) bri: Exercises: 1) People _ slowly when they are sleeping.2) You can see peoples _ on a cold day.3) I need a _ of a fresh air.4) The doctor told me to _ in and _ out again slowly.16. Thank sb for sth. e.g. Thank you for your help. / Thank you for helping me.17. natural air conditioners 自然空調(diào) (nature / natural)18. take harmful gas from the air19. release oxygen into the air來(lái)源:學(xué)#科#網(wǎng)Z#X#X#K20. one and a half hectares of tree 一公頃半的樹木21. produce enough oxygen to keep your whole class alive and healthy for a year 產(chǎn)生足夠的氧氣供你們?nèi)鄬W(xué)生一年時(shí)間的存活和健康成長(zhǎng)22. Trees cool the air as well as clean it. as well as = besides / in addition to e.g. On Sundays, his farm provided lunch as well as breakfast. It is important for you as well as for me. Father as well as his children hasnt been to Euro Disney. (遠(yuǎn)離原則) William Shakespeare was an actor as well as a play writer. (強(qiáng)調(diào)前者) = William Shakespeare was not only a play writer but (also) an actor. (強(qiáng)調(diào)后者)23. Three trees can do the jobs of 15 air conditioners running (=as they are running ) almost all day.24. know a lot about trees25. attack a tree 攻擊樹 attract ones attention引起某人注意26. warn its neighbors27. warn sb of sth./sb warn sb against doing sthve.g. The policeman warned us against running across the road.警察警告我們不要跑著過(guò)馬路。v They warn people against destroying trees. 他們警告人們不要破壞樹木。28. protect themselves by producing a chemical 通過(guò)產(chǎn)生一種化學(xué)物質(zhì)保護(hù)他們自己29. chemistry (n.) / chemical (adj./n.) / chemist (n.)Exercises: 1) 一個(gè)化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn) a _ experiment2) 一個(gè)化學(xué)工廠 a _ factory3) 化學(xué)是她在學(xué)校時(shí)最好的科目 _ is her favorite subject at school.4) 奇怪的化學(xué)反應(yīng)使兩個(gè)人相愛(ài)了. A strange _ makes two people fall in love. 5) 他去藥房買藥。 He went to the _ to buy some medicine.30. make their leaves taste nasty 使得樹葉嘗起來(lái)味道很糟31. make + 賓語(yǔ) + do sth 32. join their roots together underground 在地下的樹根盤環(huán)桓交錯(cuò)在一起33. pass food and water around34. pass (v.) / past (prep.)Exercises: 1) I can _ a church on my way to school.2) I walk _ the church.3) 街道太擁擠了車無(wú)法通行。The street was so crowded that cars were unable to _.4) 他走過(guò)那家商店。 He walked _ that shop.35. communicate with each other 互相交流36. be in danger37. danger (n.) / dangerous (adj.) / dangerously (adv.)38. destroy our best fighters against pollutionStep 3 Post-readingRead the text again and every student must prepare at least two questions about trees in the text for other students.用這種方式訓(xùn)練學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題和解決問(wèn)題的能力。讓每個(gè)學(xué)生都參與進(jìn)來(lái)。不會(huì)問(wèn)問(wèn)題的學(xué)生可以回答別的學(xué)生提出的問(wèn)題。提出問(wèn)題的學(xué)生可以從其他學(xué)生那里得到問(wèn)題的答案，也可以和大家一起回答自己沒(méi)有想到的問(wèn)題。這種活動(dòng)更能體現(xiàn)學(xué)生的自主學(xué)習(xí)。老師只在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候提供幫助。當(dāng)然也可以利用課本Speaking中的對(duì)話材料讓學(xué)生進(jìn)行討論What can we do to fight pollution?來(lái)進(jìn)一步鞏固課文，提高學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力。最后將討論的主題筆頭記錄下來(lái)，作為學(xué)生回家的筆頭作業(yè) (How to fight pollution?)。2. ListeningStep 1 Pre-listening 在聽(tīng)之前，創(chuàng)設(shè)情境，要求學(xué)生明確聽(tīng)力任務(wù)，如有生詞，可以先幫助學(xué)生（recognize key words），掃清在聽(tīng)力材料中出現(xiàn)的詞匯，提高聽(tīng)的效果。 本單元的聽(tīng)力材料是一段對(duì)話，話題還是跟樹有關(guān)，要求學(xué)生在聽(tīng)了對(duì)話之后完成一個(gè)poster填寫。Step 2 While-listening誘發(fā)興趣，增強(qiáng)聽(tīng)的動(dòng)力?？梢宰寣W(xué)生先將poster 看一看，然后再聽(tīng)。再根據(jù)所聽(tīng)內(nèi)容完成poster的填寫。Step 3 Post-listening 要求學(xué)生根據(jù)poster的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行pair work的活動(dòng)。培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的聽(tīng)說(shuō)能力。3. Language (the present continuous tense) Step 1 Lead in 1) Warming up: Talk about the pictures by asking and answering. e.g. A: What are they doing? B: They are planting trees. A: Are they picking apples? B: Yes, they are picking apples from the apple trees.2) Present “the present continuous tense”Tell the students what we use the present continuous tense for. (Talking about what is happening now)What is the structure? am/is/are + doing First, do spelling exercises to add ing to the infinitive of the verb. (e.g. eat-eating, sing-singing, study-studying. )Show the table on the computer.For most verbs ending inChangeExamplesOne e (except be)Drop e, and add ingadvising driving using beingieChange ie to y, and add ingdying tying lyingConsonant letter + vowel letter + consonant letterDouble the last letter (except where the last letter is a y), and add ingcutting stoppingwinning puttingsayingStep 2 ExercisesWrite the correct ing form of these verbs.1. be _ 9. lie_ 2. become_ 10. load_3. begin_ 11. pull_4. carry_ 12. put_5. drop_ 13. rain_6. escape_ 14. sunbathe_7. eat_ 15.travel_8. iron_ 16. yawn_Common errors.1. What you are doing? _ 2. I watching television. _3. Im listen to a cassette. _Put the verbs in brackets in the present continuous tense to make sentences. Make the verbs with question marks into questions. Add any necessary punctuation marks. The first one is done for you.來(lái)源:學(xué)?？?。網(wǎng)Z。X。X。K1. the Grade Eight students (play) volleyballThe Grade Eight students are playing volleyball.2. Richard and Ping Kang (camp?)_3. Ye Qing (shop)_4. Joyce (sweep?) the floor_Do the exercises to learn the differences between the simple present tense and the present continuous tense.他們很熟悉一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，也剛剛學(xué)過(guò)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，這道練習(xí)可以對(duì)這兩種時(shí)態(tài)進(jìn)行區(qū)分，鞏固所學(xué)，加深理解。1. I (have) my fourth cup of tea this morning. I often (not drink) so much tea.Im having my