Unit4單元檢測(cè)（北師大版必修5）

.完形填空In 1981, bullets (子彈) screamed through the air towards the 40th President of the United States.While others ran for_1_, Tim McCarthy stood still looking directly at his_2_death with strong determination.Tim was shot in the chest and President Reagan survived.It is perhaps the_3_thing you can do to give your life for your friends.It is also one of the_4_acts of history as people seldom do this.Jason Dunham was a soldier in the United States.The story begins with Jason as he was talking with the men in his army.They_5_whether a person could jump on a grenade (手榴彈) and survive by putting it under his helmet.Deep down they all_6_that it was almost impossible.Unfortunately for Jason Dunham, the situation arrived just a few weeks later.However, _7_for his men, Jason Dunham was there.In this life and death situation, there is no_8_to think.There are only seconds to fight or_9_.Performing above and beyond the call of duty, Jason chose to fight.He threw his helmet and_10_over the grenade and died for his friends.What causes men and women to_11_their lives for another? It takes a lot.First and foremost, it takes the_12_that life isnt about you.It is about making a difference, about having a(n)_13_and about giving.It is better to give than receive.It is honorable to_14_the lives and wellbeing of others above yourself.Making an effect on the world is not always about recognition, power, money or_15_gain.Sometimes the biggest success is one who gives himself up so others can succeed.That is the mark of the highest achiever.【文章大意】Tim為了救總統(tǒng)而奮不顧身, Jason為了挽救其他士兵的性命而撲向即將爆炸的手榴彈. 他們?yōu)榱苏葎e人而寧愿犧牲個(gè)人, 他們是可敬的. 1A.coverBhomeChelp Dmoney解析: 選A. 對(duì)比Tim的行為可知, 與之不同的是, 很多人跑向躲避物尋求保命. 2A.terrible BarrangedCpotential Dselected解析: 選C. 根據(jù)后句內(nèi)容可知, Tim為了救總統(tǒng)而奮不顧身, 可見(jiàn)他面對(duì)的是“可能的死亡”. 3A.strangest BgreatestCluckiest Dquickest解析: 選B. 根據(jù)末段內(nèi)容可知, 這里指為朋友獻(xiàn)出自己的生命是最偉大的. 4A.rare BmodernCpopular Dordinary解析: 選A. 根據(jù)句中as people seldom do this可知, 這種高尚的行為并不常見(jiàn). 5A.noticed BexpectedCwondered Dremembered解析: 選C. 根據(jù)句中whether從句可知, 士兵們想知道問(wèn)題的答案. 6A.guessed BknewCrecognized Dheard解析: 選B. 根據(jù)常識(shí)和it was almost impossible可知, 士兵們都知道不被炸死幾乎是不可能的. 7A.curiously BeagerlyCfortunately Dangrily解析: 選C. 根據(jù)前句Unfortunately for Jason Dunham和本句中However可以得出答案. 8A.room BconditionCposition Dtime解析: 選D. 根據(jù)后句中There are only seconds 可以得出答案. 9A.escape BdisappearCstay Dexplain解析: 選A. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知, 在這種生死關(guān)頭, 只有做出決定的時(shí)間, 是戰(zhàn)斗還是逃跑. 10A.hands BbulletsCbody Dgun解析: 選C. 根據(jù)句中died for his friends 可知, 他把帽盔扔出去, 并且撲了上去. 11A.bend down Bfall downCturn down Dlay down解析: 選D. 這里用lay down their lives, 相當(dāng)于give their lives. 12A.guess BrealizationCargument Ddream解析: 選B. 根據(jù)句中l(wèi)ife isnt about you可知, 這是一個(gè)人所意識(shí)到的. 13A.fortune BchoiceCwish Dinfluence解析: 選D. 根據(jù)末段Making an effect on the world可以得出答案. 14A.view BliveCrise Ddrive解析: 選A. 根據(jù)前句It is better to give than receive.可推斷, 把別人的生命和健康看得比自己的重是可敬的, 故用view. 15A.formal BpersonalCusual Dmental解析: 選B. 本句是從個(gè)人的角度來(lái)說(shuō)的, 這里指取得個(gè)人成績(jī). .語(yǔ)法填空 Robotic teachers, who never get angry or make critical remarks, have been a hit with pupils in some South Korean schools, a government report said.Elementary school children responded 1._(positive) to the robotic teachers, the Ministry of Knowledge Economy said, citing a survey made2._educational researchers.Englishteaching robots were sent to three provincial schools for eight weeks starting in late December.And programmable electronic robots, 3._teach maths, science and art, were used in 10 Seoul schools for five weeks from November.The researchers found that the Englishteaching robots raised the interest of students in the language and improved4._confidence.The robots are controlled remotely by an English teacher and are equipped5._a microphone and video camera.Autonomous units use voicerecognition software6._(interact) with children.The government has expressed interest in robots to give rural school children7._(many) learning opportunities than before.“The machines inspired creativity and had a positive influence on the attitude of students, ”8._ministry official proudly told the media.Nowadays, officials in charge of the project9._(work) to improve the quality of robot teaching10._solve some small problems before any decision to expand their use is made.【文章大意】韓國(guó)政府發(fā)布一份報(bào)告稱(chēng), 該國(guó)在其部分學(xué)校試行的機(jī)器人老師受到學(xué)生們的熱捧. 1解析: 此處需要填入一個(gè)副詞修飾動(dòng)詞respond, 故應(yīng)用positive的副詞形式positively. 答案: positively2解析: 介詞by在此處意為“由”, 跟動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞made連用, 說(shuō)明make動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者. 答案: by3解析: 關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句, 修飾先行詞robots, 并在從句中作主語(yǔ). 答案: which4解析: their在此處指代上文提到的students. 答案: their5解析: be equipped with為固定搭配, 意為“裝配；配備”. 答案: with6解析: 本句中動(dòng)詞不定式to interact作目的狀語(yǔ). 答案: to interact7解析: 根據(jù)句中的than及句意可知, 此處應(yīng)用many的比較級(jí)形式. 答案: more8解析: official作“官員”講時(shí)為可數(shù)名詞, 且此處無(wú)特指, 故應(yīng)用不定冠詞a. 答案: a9解析: 根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)nowadays及句意可知, work這個(gè)動(dòng)作是officials in charge of the project在現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的一個(gè)動(dòng)作, 故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí). 答案: are working10解析: to improve the quality of robot teaching 和(to)solve some small problems為兩個(gè)并列的不定式短語(yǔ), 故應(yīng)用and連接. 為避免重復(fù), 第二個(gè)不定式短語(yǔ)中的不定式符號(hào)to被省略. 答案: and.閱讀理解Male cichlids are mainly freshwater fish that may go after other fish which dare cross their path.A male cichlid will even lunge even if “the other fish” happens to be himself: When some types of these cichlids see their own reflections in a mirror, they respond as aggressively as when they encounter a real fish opponent.A new study suggests that even though these two situations may look the same, a fishs brain actually reacts differently in each case.That doesnt mean, however, that the fish recognizes itself.Researchers from Stanford University recently studied male cichlids that fight their own reflections.The team observed that the part of the brain associated with fear and other negative emotions becomes active when the fish fight their mirror images.According to Julie KDesjardins, one of the scientists who worked on the study, the scientists are not sure that the fish are afraid of themselves.Even if it is not fearful, the fish is having a negative response, she told Science News.The researchers did not observe a difference in the behaviors of fish going after other fish and with fish going after their own reflections.However, when they looked in the fishs brain, using a technique called immediate early gene (IEG) expression, they found a difference.With this technique, the scientists watched particular genes in the fish that were associated with particular regions of the brain.Measuring IEG helped the scientists to determine which areas of the brain were more active than others.When a male cichlid went after its own reflection, the scientists found that the fish brain was especially active in a region similar to the amygdala (a small structure in the brain) but when it went after other fish, it didnt have the same activity in its amygdala region.In human beings and other animals, the amygdala is associated with fear and other negative emotions.Using IEG expression to study fear in fish is new and unusual, but some older studies have shown similar results in other animals.Monkeys, for example, have been shown not to recognize themselvesbut they do act differently around their own reflections than they do around other monkeys.【文章大意】美國(guó)研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn), 無(wú)論面對(duì)真魚(yú)還是鏡子中的自己, 被測(cè)試的魚(yú)都會(huì)和對(duì)方搏斗；通過(guò)對(duì)其腦部的檢測(cè)進(jìn)一步發(fā)現(xiàn), 兩種情形下魚(yú)的反應(yīng)不盡相同. 1The underlined word “l(fā)unge” in Paragraph 1 is the closest in meaning to“_”Aattack BmoveCrelax Dfeel解析: 選A. 詞義猜測(cè)題. 根據(jù)第一段中的語(yǔ)境, 尤其是go after和aggressively可推斷, 答案為A. 2The reflections of male cichlids may cause_.Aother fish to fight backBthem to fight against other fishCa difference in their behaviorDtheir brain to respond with negative feelings解析: 選D. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題. 根據(jù)第二段Even if it is not fearful, the fish is having a negative response.可知, 答案為D. 3What do we know about IEG from the passage?AScientists use it to find the amygdala in the brain of a fish.BIts a tool to detect the brain activity in a species.CIts a technology specially developed to study fish.DIt helps scientists to decide what the fish exactly think.解析: 選B. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題. 根據(jù)第三段Measuring IEG helped the scientists to determine which areas of the brain were more active than others.可知, 答案為B. 4Compared to male cichlids, when monkeys are around their own reflections, they_.Acan recognize themselvesBshow a difference in their behaviorCdont show fear so constantlyDfight back more severely解析: 選B. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題. 根據(jù)末段.but they do act differently around their own reflections.可知, 答案為B. 5Whats the passage mainly about?AA new study on fish and monkeys behavior.BCharacteristics of a kind of interesting fish.CA study on male cichlids response to their reflections.DA useful technique to check fishs brain.解析: 選C. 主旨大意題. 本文主要是關(guān)于male cichlids和它們的映像的研究, 故答案為C. .信息匹配閱讀下列應(yīng)用文及相關(guān)信息, 并按照要求匹配信息. 下面是一些獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的詳細(xì)信息. AThe Endeavour Awards provides the opportunity for citizens of the AsiaPacific and Middle East areas to study and research in Australia.A smaller number of awards are available (可得到的) to citizens from Europe and America.BDorothy Harris Endowed Scholarship provides female graduate students in Physical Education, Sports Management, Sports Psychology and Sports Sociology with a way to attend graduate school.Any female, American citizen, graduate students who will be chasing a course of study at an officially recognized postgraduate (研究生的) institution is eligible (有資格的) to apply for the Scholarship.C. Carolina Rice Scholarship. To be eligible, you must attend high school in the areas of: New York, Chicago, Miami Dade and Broward Counties, Los Angeles and Orange County, or San Francisco. Since its foundation, this program has awarded more than $700,000 to high school seniors, earning the respect of teachers and administrators throughout the country.D. Australian Development Scholarship equips students with the skills and knowledge to influence the development outcomes of their country. Students are required to work in their country for two years after they have completed their studies to apply these skills.E. The Scholastic Art & Writing Awards is the largest and most influential arts recognition program in the United States. All students in grades 712 currently enrolled (登記)in a public or nonpublic school in the United States and Canada, have the chance to apply for the award.Awards are available in 10 writing categories and 16 art categories.Publishing opportunities may be available for winning students in both art and writing categories.F. Australian Leadership Awards is offered to high achievers from the AsiaPacific area. Study programs must relate to AusAIDs (澳大利亞國(guó)際開(kāi)發(fā)署的) areas of disability, economic growth, education, the environment, food security, governance, health, human rights, infrastructure, regional stability, rural development, and water.仔細(xì)閱讀下面學(xué)生的相關(guān)信息, 請(qǐng)為他們選擇適合申請(qǐng)的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金. 1. Miss.Black who has been doing research about the human rights wants to get her doctor degree in Australia. She likes nature and atmosphere of the country. She thinks the relationship between humans and nature will help her get into her own research.2. Born in a poor village in Vietnam, Ken is eager to grasp more knowledge to change his own fate. However, his family is not able to afford his college tuition. What the boy is dreaming of now is to learn more knowledge and use it to develop his motherland.3. Living in a small country in the Middle East, Brains is looking forward to exploring the world himself one day.With high scores in high school, he is planning to study abroad to experience more excellent life. Australia is his first choice.4. At the age of six Jack wrote his first short fiction novel which was published by a local newspaper. Now he is a 14yearold boy who has written more than 5 novels. To everyones surprise, although he spends much time writing, he is still one of the best students in his school in a Canadian city.5. Jane was called “wind” by her primary, schoolmates because she almost won all the golden medals of all the races in her school sports mee