新概念第二冊課堂筆記Lesson 69.doc

Lesson 69 But not murder!【語法 Grammar in use】被動語態(tài)（1）被動語態(tài)的基本形式：Recently it was damaged by a visitor.最近它被一個客人弄壞了。（一般過去時）Passing planes can be heard night and day.過往飛機日夜不絕于耳。（與情態(tài)助動詞連用）Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise.有一百多人肯定是被噪音逼得已經(jīng)棄家遠(yuǎn)去。（must與被動語態(tài)的完成式連用）The bicycle was being sent to his home by train.人們正用火車給他把自行車送回家。（被動語態(tài)用于過去進行時）He never expected the thief to be arrested.他從未指望那小偷能被逮著。（被動語態(tài)用于復(fù)合賓語中的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中）The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost.整個村子很快知道，有一大筆錢丟失了。（用于過去完成時）（2）被動語態(tài)還可以用于介詞+動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)中。介詞（after, before, on）+動名詞這個結(jié)構(gòu)通常相當(dāng)于一個時間狀語從句。如果兩個動作中有一個在另一個開始之前已經(jīng)完成，則可以用 after+動名詞的完成式表示第1個動作；如果只表示先后順序，則可用after（或 before）+動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)； on+動名詞通常表示兩個動作幾乎同時發(fā)生：After having been instructed to drive out of town, I began to acquire confidence.在接到把車開出城的指令后，我開始有了信心。The man called the police after being robbed.那人遭搶劫后給警方打了電話。He killed a child before being arrested.他在被捕前殺死了一個孩子。On/After being told that her mother was seriously ill, she hurried back to England.她得知母親病重后連忙回到英國。被動語態(tài)用于介詞+動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)在英語中是很正式的用法，一般不用于口語中。（3）被動語態(tài)用于 want后面的不定式中時，to be可以省略：I want the luggage fetched from the hotel this afternoon.我希望有人今天下午去把行李從旅館取回來。want后跟被動語態(tài)時往往表示希望別人完成所說的動作。（4）被動語態(tài)還可用于過去進行時，以強調(diào)動作的持續(xù)性【New words and expressions】murder n. 謀殺Murder is a horrible crime. 謀殺是一種恐怖的罪行。murder v. 謀殺/糟蹋，毀了They found that he had been murdered.他們判定他是被謀殺的Panjinlian, together with Xienqiang murdered her husband.He murdered the whole work.murderer殺人犯instruct v. 命令，指示instruct someone to do something命令某人做某事I have been instructed to wait here until he comesinstruction n. 說明書acquire v. 取得，獲得，獲得，學(xué)到（知識、技術(shù)、語言等），養(yǎng)成（習(xí)慣等）After many years efforts, I finally acquired the trust of my workmates.acquire confidence 獲得信心Mary acquired a good knowledge of Chinese in five years time.Tom acquired a habit of smoking.confidence n. 信心She has a lot of confidence.她充滿了自信.She has great confidence in her success.shatter sbs confidence動搖某人的信心 with great confidence滿懷信心examiner n. 主考人suppose v. 假設(shè)Suppose conj.如果/假設(shè)Suppose we miss the train, what will do then?Suppose you had a Benz, how would you feel?Suppose v.假設(shè)/猜想I suppose it will rain.Suppose you had one million dollars, what would you do?Suppose you were him, what would you do?常用于“l(fā)et us suppose that”這個結(jié)構(gòu)：Let us suppose that there is a forest fire.讓我們假設(shè)發(fā)生了森林火災(zāi)。tap v. 輕敲He tapped on the door.react v. 反應(yīng)How did she react to your suggestion?She reacted by getting angry.reaction n.反映Whats her reaction to your decision?brake n. 剎車supportPress(put on) brake / ac-ce-le-ra-tor 踩剎車/油門 The drive braked hard as the dog ran onto the road.pedal n. 踏板Brake pedalmourn-ful adj. 悲哀的There was a mournful look on her face.a joyful /mournful sound高興悲傷的聲音 Misery and mournful苦楚悲痛【Text】But not murder!I was being tested for a driving licence for the third time. I had been asked to drive in heavy traffic and had done so successfully. After having been instructed to drive out of town, I began to acquire confidence. Sure that I had passed, I was almost beginning to enjoy my test. The examiner must have been pleased with my performance, for he smiled and said, Just one more thing, Mr. Eames. Let us suppose that a child suddenly crosses the road in front of you. As soon as I tap on the window, you must stop within five feet. I continued driving and after some time, the examiner tapped loudly. Though the sound could be heard clearly, it took me a long time to react. I suddenly pressed the brake pedal hard and we were both thrown forward. The examiner looked at me sadly. Mr. Eames, he said, in a mournful voice, you have just killed that child!我當(dāng)時是正在被第3次考試駛執(zhí)照。我被要求在車輛擁擠的路上駕駛，并且成功地這么做了。在被指示把車開出城后，我開始有了信心。確信我已通過考試，我?guī)缀蹰_始喜歡起我的考試了。主考人肯定對我的表現(xiàn)是滿意的，因為他微笑著說：“只有一件事了，Eames先生。讓我們假設(shè)一個小孩子突然在你前面穿過馬路。我一敲車窗，你必須得在5英尺之內(nèi)停下?！蔽依^續(xù)開車，過了一會兒，主考人大聲地敲了起來。盡管聲音能被很清楚地聽到，但我還是花了好長時間才作出反應(yīng)。我突然用力踩緊剎車踏板，我們倆都被向前扔了出去。主考人傷心地看著我?！癊ames先生，”他以悲傷的聲調(diào)說，“你剛剛把那個小孩壓死了！”【課文講解】I was being tested for a driving licence for the third time. 我當(dāng)時是正在被第3次考試駛執(zhí)照。driving licence 駕駛執(zhí)照for表目的Lets go for a walk. 我們出去散步吧。 I came here for my schoolbag.我來這兒取書包。for+次數(shù)Im meeting him for the first time today. 今天我要與他初次見面.Ill never forget seeing my daughter dance in public for the first time.我永遠(yuǎn)忘不了看著我女兒第一次當(dāng)眾跳舞的情景.I had been asked to drive in heavy traffic and had done so successfully. 我被要求在車輛擁擠的路上駕駛，并且成功地這么做了。heavy adj. 大量的，多的，密集的Traffic is heavier on this road than on the other one.After having been instructed to drive out of town, I began to acquire confidence. 在被指示把車開出城后，我開始有了信心。介詞短語作時間狀語After having been instructedacquire通常表示通過努力“獲得”、“學(xué)到（知識、技術(shù)、語言等）”，也可用來表示“養(yǎng)成（習(xí)慣等）”：Mary acquired a good knowledge of Chinese in five years time.5年之內(nèi)瑪麗學(xué)會了漢語。Tom acquired a habit of smoking.湯姆養(yǎng)成了抽煙的習(xí)慣。Sure that I had passed, I was almost beginning to enjoy my test. 確信我已通過考試，我?guī)缀蹰_始喜歡起我的考試了。Sure前面省略了being句首省略了分詞being或feeling，在句中作狀語（與分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語的情況類似）：Interested in the story, he finished reading the book in two hours.由于對故事（情節(jié)）感興趣，他兩個小時就把那本書讀完了。As he was worried about his child, he didnt sleep last night.Worried about his child, he didnt sleep last night.The examiner must have been pleased with my performance, for he smiled and said, Just one more thing, Mr. Eames. Let us suppose that a child suddenly crosses the road in front of you. As soon as I tap on the window, you must stop within five feet.主考人肯定對我的表現(xiàn)是滿意的，因為他微笑著說：“只有一件事了，Eames先生。讓我們假設(shè)一個小孩子突然在你前面穿過馬路。我一敲車窗，你必須得在5英尺之內(nèi)停下?！眒ust have been表示對過去的事情的猜測performance n. 表現(xiàn)，表演，工作情況be pleased with 對滿意They are pleased with his work.他們對他的工作滿意。The manager isnt very pleased with his secretary.經(jīng)理對他的秘書不太滿意。more附加的；額外的：She needs some more time.她需要更多的時間let us suppose that 讓我們假設(shè) Let us suppose that there is a forest fire.I continued driving and after some time, the examiner tapped loudly. 我繼續(xù)開車，過了一會兒，主考人大聲地敲了起來。Though the sound could be heard clearly, it took me a long time to react. 盡管聲音能被很清楚地聽到，但我還是花了好長時間才作出反應(yīng)。I suddenly pressed the brake pedal hard and we were both thrown forward.我突然用力踩緊剎車踏板，我們倆都被向前扔了出去。The examiner looked at me sadly. Mr. Eames, he said, in a mournful voice, you have just killed that child!in a mournful voice 用悲傷的聲調(diào)in a voice 以的聲調(diào)He told them the news in a sad/excited voice.Summary writing摘要寫作 Answer these questions in not more than 80 words. 回答下列問題，將答案組成一個段落，不要超過80個單詞。 1Had Mr. Eames driven successfully in heavy traffic during his third driving test or not? What did the examiner instructhim to do?(when) Mr.Eames had driven successfully through heavy traffic during his third driving test when the examiner instructed him to drive out of town.2 What did he tell him to suppose?(thatwould) He told him to suppose that a child would suddenly cross the road in front of him.3What would Mr. Eames have to do when the examiner tapped on the window? Mr. Eames would have to stop the car within five feet when the examiner tapped on the window.4Did he tap loudly or not? Did Mr. Eames react quickly enough or not? What was he told?(Thoughand) Though he tapped loudly,Mr.Eames did not react quickly enough and was told that he had just killed the child.Composition作文 Write two or three sentences using the ideas given below: 用以下詞組寫出2至3個句子來： Three months later Earmes appeared for his fourth test-again told to stop-the examiner was thrown forward, but thechilds life was saved-Eames passed his test, but the examiner said,You nearly killed me this time! Three months later,Eames appeared for his fourth driving test.He was told to stop again. He stopped, the examiner was thrown forward but the childs life was saved.At last,Eames passed his test,but the examiner said,You nearly killed me this time!Letter writing書信寫作 Write five opening phrases which could be used in letters to friends or relations. 為給朋友和親戚的信寫出5句開頭語。 Key structures關(guān)鍵句型 After having been instructed to drive out of town, I began to acquire confidence. 被動語態(tài) aYou have learnt to write sentences like these: 你已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了寫這樣的句子： It was made in Germany in 1681.(KS10)（第10課關(guān)鍵句型） I told you it could be done.(KS21)（第21課關(guān)鍵句型） I cant find my bag.It must have been stolen.(KS21) （第21課關(guān)鍵句型） The man was being questioned by the police.(KS34)（第34課關(guān)鍵句型） He never expected the bicycle to be found.(KS34)（第34課關(guān)鍵句型） I found the parcel had been sent to the wrong address.(KS45)（第45課關(guān)鍵句型） bNow study these sentences: 仔細(xì)閱讀以下句子： Instead of saying: 除了這種表達方法外： We can say: 還可以說： After he was arrested, the man confessed that he had stolen the money. After being arrested, the man confessed that he had stolen the money. After he had been instructed to drive out of town, he began to acquire confidence. After having been instructed to drive out of town, he began to acquire confidence. Exercises練習(xí) AUnderline the verbs in the passage which are similar in form to the examples given above. 在課文中劃出與以上句型相似的動詞。 BGive the correct form of the verbs in parentheses. Do not refer to the passage until you finish the exercise. 用正確的時態(tài)填空，完成練習(xí)后再對照課文核對你的答案。 I_(test)for my driving licence for the third time. I_(ask)to drive in heavy traffic and had doneso successfully. After_(have/instruct)to drive out of town, I began to acquire confidence. Sure that I hadpassed, I was almost beginning to enjoy my test. The examiner_(must/please)with my performance, forhe smiled and said,Just one more thing, Mr. Eames. Let us suppose that a child suddenly crosses the road in front ofyou. A s soon as I tap on the window, you must_(stop)within five feet. I continued driving and after sometime, the examiner tapped loudly. Though the sound_(could/hear)clearly, it took me a long time to react. I suddenly pressed the brake pedal hard and we both_(throw)forward. Special difficulties難點 Words often confused 經(jīng)常容易混淆的詞 aPractice, Advice. Study these pairs of sentences: 細(xì)讀以下各對句子： He still needs a lot of practice. 他仍需大量的練習(xí)。 He practises the piano every day. 他每天練習(xí)彈鋼琴。 I want to give you some advice. 我想給你提點建議。 What do you advise me to do? 你想建議我干什么？ bEnjoy, Entertain, and Amuse. Study these examples: 細(xì)讀以下各對句子： I was almost beginning to enjoy my test.(11.4-5) We enjoyed ourselves at the party. 在聚會上我們玩得很痛快。 He entertained me to dinner. 他請我吃飯。 He entertained everybody with his clever tricks. 他精彩的戲法使大家都很高興。 The children were amused by the circus clown. (They laughed.) 孩子們被馬戲團的小丑逗樂了。 His funny stories amused us all. (They made us laugh.) 他那些稀奇古怪的故事把我們大家都逗樂了。 That child can amuse himself for hours playingin the sand.(He can pass his time happily.) 那個孩子可以一個人在沙堆里玩上幾個小時。 Exercise練習(xí) Choose the correct words in the following sentences: 選擇正確的詞： 1I never(amuse)(enjoy)(practicing)(practising)the piano. 2We were all(amused)(enjoyed)by the jokes he told us. 3He(advised)(adviced) me to get a(license)(licence). 4We rarely(entertain)(amuse)these days. 5We(entertained)(enjoyed)some friends to dinner last night. 6The magician(amused)(enjoyed) the audience very much. Multiple choice questions多項選擇題 Comprehension理解 1Mr. Eames felt confident because _. (a) he was sure he hadnt failed this time(b) he had driven in heavy traffic(c) he had driven out of town (d) the examiner smiled 2Mr. Eames probably failed his test because _. (a) he ran over a child (b) he didnt stop quickly enough (c) he pressed the brake pedal too hard(d) he and the examiner were thrown forwardStructure句型 3Mr. Eames was taking the driving test. The examiner _him. (a) was being testing (b) was been testing (c) was tes