8aunit 2 同步輔導(dǎo)(下)

課 前 熱 身詞匯運(yùn)用1. Jack is preparing a party for his sisters _ (twelve) birthday. He wants to give her a big surprise?2. Do you know the differences between American English and_(英國)English?3. We had better practice_(講)English every day4. Which_(科目)do you like best? Chinese and history5. _(地理)can help US know more about our country and the world6. My brother is interested in_(科學(xué))，he says he wants to be a_(科學(xué)家) when he grows up7. Many young students enjoy listening to_(流行)songs8. Did you see any_(猴子)in the zoo yesterday，Daniel?9. Do you know the_(長)of the Yellow River?10.Who spent the_(最少)time working out the problem?答案：1twelfth 2British 3speaking 4subjects 5Geography 6science scientist 7popular 8monkeys 9length 10least英漢翻譯1. 一所混合型的學(xué)校 2. cook healthy and tasty meals 3. 上駕駛課 4. have a great time talking _5. 每堂課要結(jié)束時(shí) 6. drive somebody to school 7. 如何燒飯縫補(bǔ) 8. haveoff 9. 與不同 10.without ones help 答案：1a mixed school 2燒健康美味的飯菜 3have(take)a driving lesson 4交談?dòng)淇?5at the end of each class 6開車送某人上學(xué) 7how to cook and sew 8放假天 9be different from 10沒有某人的幫助Unit2重要句型1. Why dont dogs go to school? =Why not go to school? 為什么狗不去上學(xué)？【考點(diǎn)聚焦】建議的句型：Why dont=Why notShall we？What about.? /How about Lets do.Would you like to do？對建議的回答常有：Good idea! Why not? Great！Id like to.等單項(xiàng)選擇( ) 1.I cantremember the words all the time . _? A. Why not writing them down B. Why notwritedownthem C. Why not write them down D. Why notwriting them down ( ) 2.Its a long time since I saw my sister._ her this weekend? A.Whynotvisit B.whynotto visitC.Whynotvisiting D.Whydont visit( ) 3. puttingoffourweddinguntilnextmonth?Itsuptoyou!Imfreeallthetime.A. How about B.Why not C.Lets D.Why dont you 答案：CAA 2. Whats school like? =What does school look like? 學(xué)校是什么樣的？【考點(diǎn)聚焦】Whatslike?的用法：(1) 用于詢問人的情況時(shí)，既可指人的外表，也可指人的性格、品質(zhì)等，更側(cè)重于回答人的性格品質(zhì)。eg:What is his brother like? 他弟弟是怎樣一個(gè)人？He is very kind and warm-hearted.他很友好，是個(gè)熱心腸。(2) 對想了解的事物進(jìn)行描述。eg:What was the football game like? 足球比賽怎么樣？ It was great. We won the game.棒極了。我們贏了(3) What does the girl look like?（只可以詢問外貌）單項(xiàng)選擇( ) 1. ? He is very friendly and generous.A. What is Hepburn like? B. What does Hepburn like?C. How does Hepburn like? D. How is Hepburn like?( ) 2.What Jack ? He is unusual boy. He is clever and helpful.A. is ,look like, an B. is , like , an C. does, like, a D. does , look like ,a答案：A B3. Its like watching TV, but there are fewer advertisements.它就像看電視，但是廣告更少。【考點(diǎn)聚焦】 (1) 此句中的like是介詞，其反義詞是unlike（不像），后可接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞作其賓語。eg: His new hat is like a cat on the chair. 他的新帽子像一只貓?jiān)谝巫由稀?2) few，a few，little，a little的用法： few，a few修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式；little，a little修飾不可數(shù)名詞，表示“數(shù)量”。注意little還有“小”之意，此時(shí)可修飾可數(shù)名詞。eg: There is a little water in the glass. 杯子里有一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)水。My little cat is gone. 我的小貓不見了。 a few，a little表示肯定意義，few，little表示否定意義。eg: I have few friends in the new school. 在新學(xué)校里我?guī)缀鯖]有朋友。There is little milk in the bottle, is there? 瓶子里沒有牛奶了，不是嗎？ 當(dāng)few受every, last, past , next, some, very等詞所修飾時(shí)，表示肯定意義，few之前不再有冠詞。eg: It took us some few days to repair the machine. 修這個(gè)機(jī)器花了我們幾天的時(shí)間。單項(xiàng)選擇( ) 1. I_ my mother andI_ her very much.A.like;like B. amlike;likes C. amlike;like( ) 2. _boys in my class can ski but_of them can do as well as Jim does. A.Few;few B. Many;few C. Afew; many D. Afew; afew答案：C B4. Time seems to go faster when we are reading interesting books.當(dāng)我們讀有趣的書時(shí)，時(shí)間似乎走得更快?！究键c(diǎn)聚焦】 (1) “主語+seem+不定式”，此句型中的seem與不定式一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語。eg: The young man seemed to change a lot. 這個(gè)年輕人看起來變化很大。(2) “主語+seem +(to be)+表語”，表語多為名詞或形容詞，有時(shí)是其他的詞或短語，以說明主語的特征或狀態(tài)。eg: Mr Black seemed to be quite happy. 布萊克先生好像十分快樂。(3) “It seems+ that從句”，其中it是形式主語，that引導(dǎo)主語從句。eg: It seems that Millie is very happy. 米莉似乎很開心。 補(bǔ)充句子1. 她今天似乎不開心。Mrs. Lin seems _today.= Mrs. Lin seems _ today.= _ _ that Mrs. Lin _ _ today.2. Jim好像在那兒打棒球。 Jim _ _ play baseball there單項(xiàng)選擇( ) 1. There_lotsofbadnewsontheInternetforchildren.A.seemstobe B.seemtobeC.seemtohave D.seemtohave( ) 2. Look, Sally looks unhappy,what_the problem?A.seemto be B.seems to be C.seemthat答案：(1) unhappy to be unhappy It seems is unhappy (2)seemed to (1)B (2)B 5. She draws better than any other student in my class.她畫畫比我班其他任何一個(gè)學(xué)生都好?！究键c(diǎn)聚焦】any other+單數(shù)名詞=the other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞。此結(jié)構(gòu)用于在同一比較范圍，如果比較的兩個(gè)對象不在同一范圍，則無需加other。eg: Jim jumps higher than any other student in his class. =Jim jumps higher than the other students in his class.=Nobody else jumps higher than Jim in his class.在他班級里，吉姆跳得比其他學(xué)生都高。Shanghai is bigger than any city in Africa. 上海比非洲的任一個(gè)城市都大。單項(xiàng)選擇( ) 1. She is better at English than _ in the class.A.anyotherstudent B. theotherstudentC. the one ofanyotherstudent D. those ofanyotherstudent( ) 2. Amyis taller than _ in her class.A.anyotherboys B.anyotherboy C.anyboy D.anyoftheotherboy答案：(1)A (2)C6. Chinese students have more/fewer weeks off. 中國學(xué)生有更多更少周的假期?！究键c(diǎn)聚焦】(1) haveoff意為“有的假期，休時(shí)間的假”。 eg: I will have two days off next week. 下周我要休假兩天。(2) off作副詞，意為“離開，在遠(yuǎn)方；分離，中斷；不工作”，作介詞，意為“從離開，脫離”。 單項(xiàng)選擇( ) 1. ChinesestudentshavethanAmericanstudents,soAmericanstudents spendatschoolthanChinesestudents.A.fewerdaysoff,lesstimetoworkB.lessdaysoff,moretimetoworkC.lessdaysoff,moretimeworkingD.fewerdaysoff,lesstimeworking( ) 2. The castle stands in a quiet place the main road at the far end of the river.A.to B. for C. off D. out 答案：D C7. Learning foreign languages is fun. 學(xué)習(xí)外語很有趣?！究键c(diǎn)聚焦】動(dòng)名詞做主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，若兩個(gè)或者兩個(gè)以上動(dòng)名詞做主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。詞匯運(yùn)用1. (eat) more fruit and more exercise (be)good for our health.2. (study) Zhalong (help)us learn about protecting wildlife.答案：1.eating doing are 2.Studying helps8. During the week, we can borrow more books from the school library. 在讀書周期間，我們可以從學(xué)校圖書館里借更多的書?！究键c(diǎn)聚焦】borrow “借入” lend “借出” borrow sth. from sb./sp. 向某人借某物 lend sth. to sb.=lend sb.sth. 把某物借給某人單項(xiàng)選擇 ( ) 1. How long can I this weekly magazine?A. keep B. borrow C. lend D. have ( ) 2.Can I your bike?With pleasure. But you mustnt it to others. A. lend, borrow B. borrow, lend C. lend, lend D. borrow, borrow答案：A B9. I always have a lovely time! 我總是玩得開心！【考點(diǎn)聚焦】have a good/nice/wonderful/lovely time=have fun=enjoy oneself玩的開心have a great time doing sth. 做某事很開心詞匯運(yùn)用1. They have a great time (chat) with each other.2. What great fun they had (play) chess last weekend!答案：（1）chatting （2）playing10. Near the end of the week, we discuss the books with our classmates in class.在這（閱讀）周快結(jié)束的時(shí)候，我們在課堂上與同班同學(xué)一起討論這些書?！究键c(diǎn)聚焦】near the end of意為“在快結(jié)束的時(shí)候”；at the end (of)意為“在（的）末端”；in the end at last意為“最后，終于”。eg: In the end she married a singer. 最后她嫁給了一個(gè)歌手。At the end of the road he found the post office. 在路的盡頭，他找到了郵局。補(bǔ)全句子1. 她從不說任何人的壞話. She never_ a _ _about_. 2. Jim是一個(gè)慷慨大方的人,他總是愿意幫助那些需要助的人.Jim is a _ person and is always _ _help people in _.3. Max很有幽默感.他講有趣的笑話,總使我發(fā)笑.Max has a good _of_. He tells_ _and always_ _ _.4. 約翰比丹尼爾學(xué)的課程少，所以他的空閑時(shí)間比丹尼爾多。John studies _classes than Naniel , so he has _ free time than Daniel。5. 美國的學(xué)校生活與英國學(xué)校的生活不一樣。School life in the USA _.6. 很多人認(rèn)為玩游戲很有趣。Many people think _games _ interesting.7. 我希望他能畫得比我的任何同學(xué)都認(rèn)真。I hope he can _ _ _than _ _ _.8. 三個(gè)人中Kitty的果汁最少。Kitty _ _ _juice_ _ _.9. 我們應(yīng)該用較少的人力與財(cái)力把工作做得更好。 We should use _people and _money to do the work_.10. 他有兩個(gè)兒子,一個(gè)是醫(yī)生,另一個(gè)是教師。He has two sons, _is a doctor, _ _is a teacher.答案：1. says bad word others 2.generous ready to need 3.sense humor interesting jokes makes me laugh4.fewer more 5.is different from that in UK 6.playing is 7.draw more carefully any other student8.has the least among three people 9.fewer less better 10.one the other 句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. He likes baseball best. (改為同義句)His _ _ is baseball.2. It is interesting to swim in the river. (改為感嘆句)_ _ interesting thing it is to swim in the river.3. He did his homework yesterday evening. (改為否定句)He _ _ his homework yesterday evening.4. He is the tallest boy in his class.（改為同義句）He is taller than _ _ boy in his class.5. He offered me a glass of milk. (改為同義句)He _ a glass of milk _me.6. I dont know how I can solve the problem.（改為簡單句）I dont know_ _ _ the problem.答案：1.favorite sport 2.What an 3.didnt do 4.any other 5.offered to 6.how to solveUnit2 重要語法一、事物比較(1) 兩種事物進(jìn)行比較1. 如果兩種事物是可數(shù)名詞進(jìn)行比較,而且表示一種比另一種少時(shí),要用句型“fewer+可數(shù)名詞+than”結(jié)構(gòu);2. 如果是不可數(shù)名詞進(jìn)行比較,要用句型“l(fā)ess+不可數(shù)名詞+than”結(jié)構(gòu)。3. 表示一種比另一種多時(shí),不管是可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞,都要用“more+可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞+than”結(jié)構(gòu)。eg: He joins fewer clubs than I. 他加入的俱樂部比我少。 We drink less coffee than tea. 我們喝咖啡不如喝茶多。He has more free time than I. 他的空余時(shí)間比我多。He has more books than me . 他的書比我多。(2) 三種或三種以上事物進(jìn)行比較1. 如果三種或三種以上事物是可數(shù)名詞進(jìn)行比較,表示最少時(shí),要用句型“the fewest”結(jié)構(gòu);2. 如果是不可數(shù)名詞進(jìn)行比較,要用句型“the least ”結(jié)構(gòu)。3. 如果三種或三種以上事物，表示最多時(shí),不管是可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞,都要用“the most ”結(jié)構(gòu)。eg: She can sing the fewest songs in our class. 我們班里她最會(huì)唱歌 He finishes the least homework of us three. 我們?nèi)齻€(gè)人里，他完成的家庭作業(yè)最少。Simon drinks the most milk.西蒙喝的牛奶最多。單項(xiàng)選擇( ) 1. _animals are in danger and there will be _space for them if we do nothing for them.A.Moreandmore; less and less B. Less and less;moreandmoreC. Fewer and fewer;moreandmore D.Moreandmore;moreandmore( ) 2. Moreandmorepeopleareusedtoshoppingonlinebecauseitcosts_moneyandsaves_time.A.more;less B.more;fewer C. fewer;more D. less;more( ) 3. I have _ money than you, but I have _ friends than you.A.more,more B. less,more C. fewer,more D.more, less( ) 4. Imafraidthe citywillbemorepolluted.Whatcanwedo?Wecanuse_waterandplant_trees.A.more;more B.less;fewer C.less;more D. fewer;more( ) 5. We can do things with money and people.A.more,more,more B.more, less, fewerC. less, less, less D. less,more, less( ) 6. Amongallthestudents,Jasonhas_juiceandbreadandLilyhas_tomatoes.A.thefewest;theleast B.fewest;least C.theleast;themost D.least;more( ) 7. Which month has _ days in a year? February.A. few B. little C. the least D. thefewest( ) 8. Which city has _population, Dongying, Shanghai or Jinan?A. the biggest B. the largest C. the most D. thefewest( ) 9. MostChinesestudents hope _ homework. If so, they can have much _time for their hobbies.A. to have an hour of; more B. to have an hour for;mostC. having an hour of; more D. to have an hour to do;most( ) 10. _ of the people here live on rice，and the people there live _ on noodles. A. Mostly；most B. Most；mostly C. Mostly；mostly D. Most; most答案：1-5 ADBCB 6-10 CDBAB二、副詞1. 副詞的基本特征(1) 副詞是表示行為或狀態(tài)特征的詞,在句子中屬于修飾性詞類,副詞主要用來修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或另外的一個(gè)副詞,有時(shí)修飾整個(gè)句子,在句子中作狀語。副詞還可以作表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定語等。(2) 大多數(shù)副詞是由形容詞加后綴ly構(gòu)成的。如:quickly, slowly, bravely。但friendly, deadly, lovely, lonely, likely, lively, ugly, brotherly仍為形容詞以y結(jié)尾的形容詞,先將y改為i,再加ly。如:happyhappily, angryangrily。有些副詞沒有特殊詞尾。如:now, often, here, quite, never, very等。(3) 有些副詞與形容詞形式相同。如:late, early, high, long等。(4) 只有可以分成比較等級的副詞才能有比較級或最高級形式。如:fast, easily, early等。像only, really, there, here則不可能有比較等級,因?yàn)閺脑~義上看它們是不可分級的。單項(xiàng)選擇( ) We dont want to speak badly or in front of the class.A. clearlyB. carefullyC. carelesslyD. properly答案：C2. 副詞的分類副詞可以分為以下幾類:時(shí)間副詞、地點(diǎn)副詞、方式副詞、程度副詞、頻率副詞、疑問副詞、連接副詞等。(1) 時(shí)間副詞: today, yesterday, before, now, then等。(2) 地點(diǎn)副詞: here, there, inside, outside, downstairs, everywhere等。(3) 方式副詞: carefully, slowly, suddenly, well, hard, high等。(4) 程度副詞: much, very, enough, little, a bit, so, too, rather, quite, nearly, half, hardly, almost等。(5) 頻率副詞: usually, sometimes, never, always, often, everyday等。以上這些副詞一般用來修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或其他副詞,說明動(dòng)作的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式或程度等,又可把它們統(tǒng)稱為修飾性副詞。(6) 疑問副詞: how, when, where, why等,用來引導(dǎo)一個(gè)特殊疑問句。單項(xiàng)選擇( ) does your cousin usually go to work on foot?He says its good for his health. A. WhereB. When C. Why D. How 答案：C(7) 連接副詞: how, when, where, why, whether等,用來引導(dǎo)一個(gè)名詞性從句。eg: We havent decided when we shall leave. 我們還沒有決定什么時(shí)候動(dòng)身。3. 副詞的功能(1) 作狀語副詞作狀語修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞，還可以修飾整個(gè)句子。eg: He works hard .(修飾動(dòng)詞) 他工作努力。He works out the problem very easily。(修飾副詞) 他輕而易舉地解決了這個(gè)問題。Unfortunately ,he was out when I arrived. (修飾整個(gè)句子) 很遺憾，我到達(dá)時(shí)他出去了。(2) 作表語作表語的副詞大多數(shù)是表示位置和狀態(tài)的，如in、out、on、back、down、up、off、away、upstairs.eg: He is in. 他在家。I must be off now.我現(xiàn)在必須走了。(3) 作賓語補(bǔ)足語eg: Let them in。讓他們進(jìn)來。4. 副詞的位置(1) 副詞修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí),一般放在動(dòng)詞的后面;若是及物動(dòng)詞,則放在賓語之后。eg: Tom does his homework carefully. 湯姆做功課很細(xì)心。(2) 頻率副詞通常放在動(dòng)詞之前,但如果句子里有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞或be動(dòng)詞,則放在這類動(dòng)詞之后。eg: They always get up early. 他們總是起得很早。(3) 副詞修飾形容詞或其他副詞時(shí),放在被修飾詞之前。eg: This problem is too difficult. 這個(gè)問題太難了。注意:副詞enough通常放在被修飾詞之后。eg: My brother isnt old enough to go to school.我弟弟還不到上學(xué)的年齡。但是被修飾詞是名詞,enough 放在該名詞之前或之后,但這時(shí)enough 是形容詞。eg: She has enough money/money enough to buy the computer. 她有足夠的錢買這臺(tái)電腦。 (4) 如果一個(gè)句子里同時(shí)出現(xiàn)表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)的副詞作狀語時(shí),通常是先地點(diǎn)、后時(shí)間。eg: He worked in Qingdao last year. 他去年在青島工作。(5) 為了強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間,有些副詞可置于句首,如 once, yesterday, tomorrow, soon, now, usually等。eg: Yesterday we all went to the park. 昨天我們都去公園了。(6) 有少數(shù)副詞在句中的位置非常靈活,常放在與它關(guān)系最密切的詞前,如only或even。eg: Only I have been there. They havent been there. 只有我去過那兒,他們沒有去過。eg: Even he cant answer the question. 甚至連他也不能回答這個(gè)問題。注意：有些詞既可以作形容詞又可以作副詞：far、fast、hard、high、late、long和well。三、副詞比較級和最高級1. 副詞比較等級的構(gòu)成規(guī)則A. 單音節(jié)的副詞在詞尾加er或est構(gòu)成比較級和最高級。 加er或est 如:hardharderhardest, fastfasterfastest 直接加r或st 如:latelaterlatest 變y為i再加er或est 如:earlyearlierearliestB. 雙音節(jié)詞或多音節(jié)詞在詞的前面加上more或most構(gòu)成比較級和最高級。slowlymore slowlymost slowlyquicklymore quicklymost quicklycarefullymore carefullymost carefullyC. 不規(guī)則副詞的變化見下表:wellbetterbestbadlyworseworstmuchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest2. 副詞比較等級的用法(1) 兩者相同程度的比較,用“as+副詞原級+as”結(jié)構(gòu);否定形式用“not as(或so)+副詞原級+as”結(jié)構(gòu)。eg: She can do as well as you. 她能做得和你一樣好。(2) 兩者不同程度的比較,用“副詞比較級+than”結(jié)構(gòu)。eg: A car goes faster than a bike. 小汽車比自行車跑得快。(3) 比較級的其他表達(dá)形式。A. “the+比較級+of the two”表示“兩者中最的”。eg: He works the harder of the two. 他是這兩個(gè)中工作最努力的。B. “l(fā)ess+原級+than”與“not as(so)+原級”的意思一致,表示“不如”。eg: That book is less interesting than this one.=That book isnt as interesting as this one. 那本書沒有這本書有趣。C. “the+比較級+.,the+比較級+.”表示“越,越”。eg: The harder you work,the greater progress youll make.你工作得越努力,取得的進(jìn)步就越大。D. “比較級+and+比較級”表示“越來越”eg: The worlds population grows faster and faster.世界人口增長越來越快。3. 副詞的最高級(1) 句型:A+動(dòng)詞(實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)+(the)副詞的最高級+of(或in)三者或者三者以上相比較,用副詞最高級,副詞最高級之前加或不加the都可以。eg: Who studies(the) hardest in your class?你們班誰學(xué)習(xí)最刻苦?eg: My father gets up(the) earliest on Sundays. 我爸爸在星期天起床最早。(2)在副詞最高級里常用“副詞最高級+of all(或用in引導(dǎo)的短語).”結(jié)構(gòu)說明比較的范圍。eg: Mike draws best of all.在所有人當(dāng)中,邁克畫得最好。Of all the girls she runs fastest.在所有的女孩子中,她跑得最快。(3) the+序數(shù)詞+最高級,表示“第最的”eg: He runs the second fastest in his class.他是班級中跑步第二快的。(4) 副詞比較等級的修飾語。副詞的比較級前可用much,a little,a bit,still,even，far,等詞來修飾。eg: May I keep the book a little longer?這本書我可以再保留一段時(shí)間嗎?He sings much better than I. 他唱得比我好。使用比較級時(shí)應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問題:A. 在對比中應(yīng)明確對比對象,即比較的雙方必須是同類項(xiàng)。eg: His Chinese is as good as mine.他中文跟我的一樣好。該句不能寫成“His Chinese is as good as I.”。Chinese不能同人相比,應(yīng)和同類的物體對比,mine即為my Chinese。B. 在對比中如比較的雙方在同一范圍內(nèi),應(yīng)該排除主語在外,即比較的雙方不能互相包含。eg: Tom runs faster than any other student in his class. 湯姆比他班上其他任何同學(xué)跑得都快。該句不能寫成“Tom runs faster than any students in his class.”。any student(任何一個(gè)同學(xué))包括Tom本人,加上other后就將Tom排除在外了,這樣進(jìn)行對比的則是Tom與班級其他任何學(xué)生了。C. 注意比較句中的替代詞。eg: The weather is warmer in winter in Shanghai tha