譯林版9年級(jí)英語上冊(cè)教案課件-第2課-【名師匯編】：語法總結(jié)-賓語從句.doc

【名師匯編】：語法總結(jié)-賓語從句賓語從句在主從復(fù)合句中，從句作賓語就叫賓語從句。這類從句的結(jié)構(gòu)為:主句+引導(dǎo) 詞+從句，從句用陳述語序。(一）that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句1. that在賓語從句中只起連接作用，并不作句子成分，其本身也沒有實(shí)際意義， 在口語或非正式文體中常常省略。She told me (that) she could finish it herself.她跟我說她可以自己完成這份工作。2. that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，其主句的謂語動(dòng)詞多為say，know，hear，see，hope， wish，think 等。有時(shí)系動(dòng)詞 be 后加 sorry，glad，sure，afraid，happy，worried 等形容詞時(shí)，其后也可接that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。She is very sure (that) she can work out the problem.她確信她能解出這道題。3. 賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)。(1)如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來時(shí)，從句可根據(jù)需要用各種時(shí)態(tài)。I think that physics is very important.我認(rèn)為物理很重要。I know that he watched TV last night.我知道他昨天晚上看電視了。(2)如果主句是一般過去時(shí)，賓語從句應(yīng)用過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)，如:一般過去時(shí)，過He told me that they would go to the park tomorrow.他告訴我他們明天將去公園。(3)如果從句表示自然現(xiàn)象、客觀真理等不管主句用什么時(shí)態(tài)，從句定要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。We all know that there are seven days in a week.我們都知道一星期有七天。 The teacher said that light travels faster than sound.老師說光比聲音傳播得快。4. 如果主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是think, believe, suppose, imagine等，且主句主語為第 一人稱，若賓語從句是用not表達(dá)否定意義的否定句，這時(shí)習(xí)慣上否定主句的謂語動(dòng)詞，即“否定前移”。我認(rèn)為他不是個(gè)好醫(yī)生。I think that he isnt a good doctor. (F)I dont think that he is a good doctor. (T)5.一般來說，that引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)常?？梢允÷?，但當(dāng)一個(gè)句子中有兩個(gè)或更 多的由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句并列時(shí)，僅可省略第一個(gè)that，后面的that則不能省略。He told me his mother was ill and that he couldnt come here.他告訴我他的媽媽病了，他不能來這里了?！咀⒁狻慨?dāng)賓語從句過長(zhǎng)時(shí)，可用it作形式賓語而將從句放在句子后面。She thought it pity that I had missed the chance.她認(rèn)為我錯(cuò)過了那個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)非?？上?。6. 賓語從句中的人稱代詞要符合邏輯，即“一隨主，二隨賓，原句第三不需變”。(1)“一隨主”是指原句的主語是第一人稱I/we時(shí)，在變成賓語從句時(shí)，其人稱 應(yīng)隨主句的主語。Amy said, “I feel a little stressed ”Amy said she felt a little stressed(2)“二隨賓”是指原句的主語是第二人稱you時(shí)，在變成賓語從句時(shí)，其人稱應(yīng)隨主句的賓語?！癆re you tired?” Lily asked Tom. Lily asked Tom if he was tired【注意】如果主句沒有賓語,就把第二人稱you改為第一人稱I/we。He said, “You are right”He said (to me) that I was right.(3)原句第三不需變”是指原句的主語是第三人稱時(shí)，在變成賓語從句時(shí)，人稱不發(fā)生變化。Do they live in Taizhou? Can you tell me?Can you tell me if they live in Taizhou?【知識(shí)拓展】that從句并不難，幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)記心間。連詞that可省略，陳述語序不能變。主句若是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)不受限。主句若是過去時(shí)，從句隨主時(shí)態(tài)變。主句謂動(dòng)為think,否定前移是關(guān)鍵。(二)if/whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句1.賓語從句中，if和whether都可作引導(dǎo)詞，意為“是否”，在一般情況下可以互換。if多用于口語或非正式文體中，whether多用于比較正式的文體中。He asked me if/whether I liked English.他問我是否喜歡英語。2.在下列幾種情況下，只能用whether，不能用if。(1)直接與ornot連用時(shí)。Could you tell me whether or not I can go shopping with you?你能告訴我我是否能和你一起去購物？【注意】如果or not放在句末，可用if代替wether。(2)在帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式之前。He cant decide whether to buy a new bike.他不能決定是否要買一輛新自行車。(3)引導(dǎo)主語、表語、同位語從句時(shí)。The question is whether we should recommend him 問題是我們是否應(yīng)該推薦他。(4)在介詞之后。Im worried about whether I hurt her feelings.我擔(dān)心是否傷害了她的感情。(5)在動(dòng)詞discuss之后的賓語從句中。We discussed whether we would have a class meeting next week. 我們討論了下星期是否要開班會(huì)?！镜淅觥?2013.錦州中考)Could you please tell me ? Yes, sure.A. if there is a bookshop near here B. where can I buy a stampC.