河南省洛陽市強(qiáng)基聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期5月月考英語試題

洛陽強(qiáng)基聯(lián)盟高二5月聯(lián)考英語考生注意：1.本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分120分，考試時(shí)間100分鐘。2.答題前，考生務(wù)必用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項(xiàng)目填寫清楚。3.考生作答時(shí)，請(qǐng)將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑；非選擇題請(qǐng)用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。4.本卷命題范圍：北師大版選擇性必修第四冊(cè)。第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWorldHistoryEncyclopediaisanon-profitorganizationpublishingtheworld'smost-readhistoryencyclopedia.Ourmissionistoengagepeoplewithculturalheritageandtoimprovehistoryeducationworldwide.Theorganizationisrunbyasmallgroupofcorestaffandmanyvolunteersfromallovertheworld,drivenbythebeliefthathistoryisexcitinganditshouldbetoldnotinexpensivebooks,butforfreeontheInternet.VolunteerPositionsWe'realwayslookingforvolunteerstohelpus.Whetheryou'reanacademic,aretiree,astudentoraprofessional;whetheryouworkinalibrary,inamarketingagencyorinauniversity...everyonethathasskillscanhelpus!Atthemomentweareparticularlylookingfor:TeachingResourceAuthorsTranslatorsGraphicDesigners&IllustratorsHistoryWritersTravelWritersPhotographersIfyoudon'tseeanypositionlistedherethatfitsyoubutyou'dstillliketovolunteer,pleasefeelfreetocontactusanyway!Joinus!Youdon'tevenhavetoleaveyourhometodoit:Ourteamcollaborates(合作)entirelyonline,withoutanyoffice.BenefitsBothvolunteersandemployeesgetavarietyofbenefits,dependentontheirroleatWorldHistoryEncyclopedia.Onceavolunteerhasshownregularcommitment,weprovidethemwithallthematerialstheyneed,including:BooksMuseumticketsSoftwareDigitalsubscriptionsWorldHistoryEncyclopediaalsopaysforalltravelexpensesrelatedtoattendingeventstorepresenttheorganization.PaidPositionsWedonotofferanypaidpositions;allouremployedcorestaffischosenfromourpoolofvolunteers.Weprefertohirepeoplewhohaveshownusthattheyarealreadypassionateaboutwhatwedo.1.WhatisanaimofWorldHistoryEncyclopedia?A.Toimprovehistoryeducationglobally.B.Toprovidetravelservices.C.Toofferjobopportunities.D.Topublishexpensivebooks.2.WhatcanweknowaboutthevolunteersatWorldHistoryEncyclopedia?A.Theyareprimarilystudentsandretirees.B.Theyarerequiredtoworkinanoffice.C.Theycomefromdiversebackgrounds.D.Theymusthaveprofessionalexperienceinhistory.3.WhatbenefitsdocommittedvolunteersreceivefromWorldHistoryEncyclopedia?A.Paidpositions.B.Guaranteedjoboffers.C.Personaltravelexpenses.D.Freematerialslikebooks.BCharliXCX,whoserealnameisCharlotteAitchison,wasbornonAugust2,1992,inCambridge,England.SheisaBritishpopsingerknownforcreatingfresh,electronic-stylemusic.Afterworkinginmusicformorethantenyears,shefinallyfoundhugesuccesswithhersixthalbumBratin2024.Charlistartedmakingmusicatage14usingmoneyborrowedfromherparentstorecordherfirstsongs.Shepostedtheseearlytracksonlinein2008,whichledtoherperformingatsmallmusiceventsinLondon.Shepickedherstagename“CharliXCX”simplybecauseshelikedhowitsounded,andsignedwitharecordcompanycalledAsylumin2010.Herbigbreakcameunexpectedlyin2013whenanothermusicgroup,IconaPopfromSweden,releasedasongshehadwrittencalledILoveItthatbecameaworldwidehit.HerfirstalbumTrueRomance(2013)earnedgoodreviews,followedbypopularteam-upslikeFancywithrapperIggyAzalea(2014)andBoomClapforthemovieTheFaultinOurStars.HersecondalbumSucker(2014)reachedNo.15onBritishmusiccharts,markingherfirstmajorcommercialsuccess.Startingin2016,Charlibegantryingmoreunusualstylesofpopmusic.SheworkedwithproducerSophieonanEPcalledVroomandstartedherownmusiclabel.Shereleasedtwomixtapes(Number1AngelandPop2in2017),followedbyalbumsCharli(2019),HowI'mFeelingNow(2020),andCrash(2022).Morepeoplenoticedhermusicin2023whenhersongSpeedDriveappearedintheBarbiemovie.Her2024albumBratbecamehermostsuccessfulworkyet,enteringtheBillboard200chartatNo.3.Thealbumfeaturesdirect,honestsongwordsbasedonmessagesshesenttoherfriends.Thealbum'sbrightgreencolorstylewasevenusedinapresidentialcampaign.Throughouthercareer,Charlihasmixedexperimentalsoundswithradio-friendlypop,workingwithartistslikeTroyeSivanandLorde.Sheremainsknownasamusicianwhoconstantlytriesnewideaswhilekeepinghermusicenjoyableforlisteners.4.WhatwasthesignificanceofCharliXCXsharinghertracksonlinein2008?A.Itmadeherfirstalbumahugesuccess.B.ItsetthestageforherLondonperformances.C.ItdirectlyledtohersigningwithAsylum.D.Ithelpedherwritemorepopularsongs.5.WhatinitiallyhelpedCharliXCXgainworldwideattentioninthemusicindustry?A.ThereleaseofBoomClap.B.Herappearanceinapresidentialcampaign.C.HerfriendshipwithIggyAzalea.D.AsongshewroteforIconaPop.6.HowdidtheBarbiemoviespecificallycontributetoCharliXCX'scareer?A.Byboostingmusicexposure.B.Byaidinglabelestablishment.C.Bypromotingartistpartnership.D.Bypushingnewalbumcreation.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesCharliXCX?A.Humorous.B.Generous.C.Innovative.D.Patient.COver400endangeredoliveridleyseaturtleshavebeenwashedashorenearChennai,India,injusttwoweeks—adeatheventthathasn'tbeenseeninover20years.Thesemigratoryturtles,knowntotravelthousandsofmilestonestonIndia'seasterncoast,facecombinedthreatsfromhabitatloss,illegalfishingandclimatepressures.ShravanKrishnan,aconservationvolunteer,notedChennai'scoastlinetypicallyrecords100-200adultturtledeathsannually.“Thisyear,we'vealreadycrossed200deathsintwoweeks,”hesaid,addingthatonlyfournestshavebeenfoundthisseasonbecausetheeggsaredamagedbybeach-goersoreatenbydogs.Meanwhile,Odishastate——hometothemassnestingphenomenonArribada—hostsover500,000turtlesyearly,yetmerely0.1%ofbabyturtlessurvivetoadulthood.Expertsblamethesuddenriseindeathsonillegaltrawl(拖網(wǎng))fishing.Despitea2016rulelimitingtrawlerswithinfivemilesofshoreduringnestingseasonandrequiringturtleexcluderdevices(TEDs)innets,peopledon'tfollowtheruleswell.“TEDsreducecatchefficiency,sofishersthrowthemaway,”saidmarinespecialistShantanuKalambi.Trawlnetstrapturtlesunderwater,killingthembymakingthemunabletobreatheunderwaterwithinhours.Oliveridleys,alreadyatrisk,faceexistentialthreats:decreasingnestingbeaches,plasticpollution,andrisingtemperaturesthatchangethenumberofmaleandfemalebabyturtles.Lightpollutionfurtherconfusesnewborns,leadingthemawayfromthesea.WildlifeguardianManishMeenaemphasizedeffortstoeducatefishersandsendoutcoastguards,butenforcementgapscontinue.Thespecies’survivaliscriticaltomarineecosystems.Byeatingjellyfish,oliveridleyspreventrapidincreasesinthejellyfishpopulationthatcouldupsetthebalanceoffishingindustries.“They’velivedwellformillionsofyears,”Kalambiwarned,“yethumanactionsnowpushthemtowardextinction.”Withover900turtledeathsrecordedin2014,thecurrentcrisishighlightstheneedforstrongerlawsandhabitatprotection.Evenasconservationistsworktosavenestsandstopillegalfishing,thefutureoftheseancientcreaturesremainsuncertain.8.Whatdofiguresinparagraph2indicateabouttheturtles?A.Theyfaceseveresurvivalconditions.B.Theirnestingsitesarewell-protected.C.Theirbehaviorsarecomplex.D.They,areseldomaffectedbyhumans.9.WhatisthefunctionofTEDsintrawlnets?A.Toprotectturtlesfrombeingtrapped.B.Toincreasecatchefficiency.C.Toreduceplasticpollution.D.Tomakefishersfollowthefishingrules.10.Whydoestheauthormentionjellyfish?A.Toargueagainstfishingindustries.B.Toshowturtles'roleinmarinebalance.C.Tohighlightclimateimpactonjellyfish.D.Tocomparejellyfishtootherturtlethreats.11.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Trawlfishinghasdecreasedsignificantlysince2016.B.MostbabyturtlessurvivetoadulthoodinOdisha.C.Currentprotectionlawsarenotstrictlyenforced.D.Governmentpolicieshavesuccessfullyprotectedturtles.DFor14-year-oldMakenzieGilkison,dyslexia,areadingdisorder,oncemadespellingwordslike“rhinoceros”or“sarcastic”areallytoughchallenge,underminingherconfidence.“IjustassumedIwasstupid,”sherecalled.Today,AI-poweredtools——includingacustomizedchatbotandtext-to-speechprograms——helpherkeepupacademically.Lastyear,sheearnedNationalJuniorHonorSocietyrecognition,creditingassistivetechnologiesforherprogress.“Iwouldhaveprobablygivenupwithoutthem,”shesaid.Makenzie’sstoryreflectsabroaderchangeasschoolsfast-trackAIapplicationstosupportstudentswithdisabilities.TheUSEducationDepartmentnowrequiresschoolstoconsiderassistivetechnologiesliketext-to-speechtools,whilenewJusticeDepartmentrulesdemandthatdigitalcontentbeaccessible.AI'spotentialishuge:translatingcomplextexts,generatingstudyoutlines,andofferingpersonalizedtutoringthroughdigitalfigures.Forinstance,BenSnyder,aNewYorkfreshmanwithlearningchallenges,usesAItofigureoutmathproblemsandsimplifyassignments.“ItexplainsthingsinwaysIunderstand,”hesaid,thoughheavoidsfullAI-writtenessays.“That'scheating,”headded.However,challengesstillexist.Educatorswarnagainstover-reliance,stressingthatAIshouldsupport—notreplace——skilldevelopment.“Ifreadinggrowthisagoal,thestudentmustpractice,”notedMaryLawsonoftheCounciloftheGreatCitySchools.Moralconcernsalsoarise,suchasAIaccidentallyshowingdisabilitiesortrackingstudentsintolesschallengingprograms.Meanwhile,technicalproblemsremain.Forexample,speechrecognitionandhandwritinganalysistoolsforchildrenwithspeechproblemsarenotasaccurateasthosedesignedforadults.Despiterisks,advocatesemphasizeAI'stransformativerole.“Itprovidesequalopportunitiesforallstudents,”saidPaulSanft,aMinnesotaassistivetechnologydirector.SchoolslikeMakenzie'sdistrictnowusechatbotstoempowerspecialeducationstudents.“Teacherscriedhearingaboutit,”saidNadineGilkison,atechsupervisor.“Studentsnolongerneedtowaitforhelp——theycanmoveforwardindependently.”AstheNationalScienceFoundationfundsAIresearchanddistrictschecktoolsforaccessibility,thefocusremainsonbalancinginnovationwithresponsibility.ForstudentslikeMakenzie,AIisn'tashortcut——it'salifelinetounlockpotentialonceheldbackbydisability.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“undermining”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Strengthening.B.Ignoring.C.Building.D.Weakening.13.WhydoesBenSnyderavoidusingAItowriteentireessays?A.AIcannotmatchhiswritingstyle.B.Hebelievesitgoesagainstacademichonesty.C.HislearningdisabilitymakesAIunreliable.D.HisschooloutlawsallAIapplications.14.WhichconcerndoeducatorsemphasizeregardingAIinspecialeducation?A.Reducedteacher-studentinteraction.B.HighcostsofdevelopingAIsystems.C.Difficultyofaccessingtechnicalsupport.D.Riskofreplacingessentialskillpractice.15.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AIEmpowersStudentswithDisabilitiesB.DangersofAIinModernEducationC.TeachersStrugglewithNewTechnologyD.HistoryofAssistiveToolsinSchools第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Theapproachtohumaninnovationbylearningfromnatureiscalledbiomimetic(仿生學(xué)的)design.16—frombuildingstobiomimeticcars.Herearesomeexamples.17.Despitetheweightyappearanceoftheboxfish,ithaslowflowresistance.In2005,inspiredbythegreatstructuralstrengthandlowmassoftheboxfish,MercedesBenzdevelopedtheBionicCar,whichwasreportedtoreduceairresistance,havehighstrength,lowweight,andmuchlowerfuelusecomparedtotraditionalcars.Candy-coatedvaccines.Tardigradesareanimalsthatliveinwater.Withoutwater,tardigradesdryoutbuthavedevelopedtheincredibleabilitytocomebacktolifeaftermorethan100years.18.Inspiredbythisidea,severalbiotechcompaniesadaptedtheprocesstoprotectlivevaccinessothattheynolongerneedtoberefrigerated.Termite(白蟻)buildings.Africantermiteshavedevelopedsomecleverdesignstokeeptheirhousesata.nearlysteadytemperature,though,outside,itmayswingfrom40℃inthedaytolessthan2℃atnight.Termitesconstructtheirhouseswithaspecialcoolingsystem.ArchitectMickPearceusedasimilarstrategywhenhedesignedtheEastGateCenter,anofficecomplexinHarare,Zimbabwe.Thebuildingremainscoolwithouttheneedforairconditioning.19.Sharkskin-inspiredswimsuits.Theuniquesurfaceofsharkskinreduceswaterresistanceandinhibitsthegrowthoftinywaterplants.20.Thesesuits,usedincompetitiveswimming,copythetinyridgesofsharkskintoimprovespeedandefficiencyinwater,helpingswimmersbreakmanyworldrecords.A.BoxfishandtheBionicCarB.SuchmethodsarebecomingincreasinglypopularC.ThereisnouniversaldefinitionofbiodesignassuchD.Thisinspiredthedesignofhigh-performanceswimsuitsE.Theydothisbycoatingtheirinternalsystems,suchasDNAandproteins,insugarF.Asaresult,itconsumesonlyatenthoftheenergyusedbyaconventionalbuildingG.Therearemanymiraclesinnaturethathaveinspiredmanyofourgreatestcreations第二部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。EmilyJohnson,afirefighterattheRedwoodFireDepartment,wasworkingattheRedwoodResortintheforest.Shehadlessthanoneyearofexperience,butthatdidn'tstopherfromtakingchargeofa(n)21situation.“Thefirstindicationthattherewasa(n)22wasthatInoticedsmokerisingfromthetreetops,andItriedmybesttorecallthe23Ihadlearnedduringtheprevioustrainingand24ittoreadthesmokeandhowclosethefirewas,”shesaid.Soon,anevacuationorderwasissuedforRedwoodNationalForestandtheelectricitywascutoff.Becauseitwasmidnight,Emilystarted25eachdoortowakeuptheguestsattheresort.Thenshewas26thattherewasacampsitenearbyandthecamperstherewereunawareofthe27toevacuatequickly.Soshewalkedupthetrailtobringthemdown.There,she2816peopleonafour-hourhikethroughdarkness,towherehertruckwas29.Finally,Emilydependedonherknowledgeoftheareaandhertrainingtoleadthepeopletoa30place.Shealsomanagedtokeepthings31duringtheevacuation.“Thesituationhadtobetakenseriously,butIshouldmakesurenobodywouldget32.Itoldacoupleof33alongthewayandhadacoupleofgoodlaughs.Andintheend,everybodygotoutsoundly,whichwasthemainthingthatIhadtoguarantee.”Shecreditedherquick34intheevacuationtothetrainingshehadreceivedfromtheRedwoodFireDepartmentandhermomLaurathatpreparedher.WhenRedwoodFireChiefMarkThompsonheardthenewsofEmily'sdelicacy(機(jī)敏)inRedwood,hesaidsimplyand35,“That'sher.”21.A.familiarB.dangerousC.awkwardD.popular22.A.touristB.animalC.fireD.shock23.A.knowledgeB.introductionC.announcementD.explanation24.A.observedB.questionedC.acceptedD.employed25.A.breakingdownB.lookingatC.steppingthroughD.knockingon26.A.persuadedB.informedC.promisedD.taught27.A.needB.decisionC.customD.ability28.A.calledB.visitedC.joinedD.guided29.A.usedB.parkedC.loadedD.filled30.A.safeB.convenientC.comfortableD.noisy31.A.quietB.lightC.balancedD.special32.A.alarmedB.tiredC.happyD.relaxed33.A.liesB.factsC.jokesD.secrets34.A.reviewB.chatC.getawayD.reaction35.A.appropriatelyB.sharplyC.proudlyD.angrily第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。WhenLaurawasyoung,sheneverimaginedthatshewouldliveinChinaoneday.WhenshewasinFrance,shesometimeswatchedChinesedragonandlion36(dance)withherfamily.In2010,LauravisitedChinaforthefirsttime.InSuzhou,shetouredtheclassicalgardens.Shebecamemoreandmore37(interest)inChina.AfterreturningtoFrance,shethoughtshemustgotoChinaagain38(learn)ChineseandChineseculture.ThenshelearnedChineseby39(she)dayandnightandfinallycametoNanjingUniversityas40exchangestudentin2015.InNanjing,shemetayoungChineseman41laterbecameherhusband.AfterfinishingherChinesestudies,Laurastayedinthiscityandworkedhardwithherhusband.In2019,theyhadachild.ItwasalsointhatyearthatLaurachosetogiveuphercareerinNanjingandreturntoher42(husband)hometownwithhimtogether.Fromthenon,theystartedanewcareeronshortvideoplatforms,drawinginspirationfromcultural43(different)intheirlife.Inaddition44hersuccessononlineplatforms,Laurahasanotherdream.She45(hope)toopenaFrenchrestauranttheresothatmorepeoplecanenjoyherhometownfood.第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)假定你是李華，你校上周舉辦了“綠色校園行動(dòng)”創(chuàng)意比賽，主題為“GreenActions，BetterCampus”。請(qǐng)你就此活動(dòng)寫一篇英文新聞報(bào)道，內(nèi)容包括：1.活動(dòng)目的；2.參與情況；3.活動(dòng)反響。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。GreenActions,BetterCampus第二節(jié)(滿分25分)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。WINNINGSarahJohnsonstoodatthestartinglineoftheschooltrackmeeting.Shehadneverlostarace,butshestillfeltnervous.Shelookedattheotherrunners.Theyallseemedtohavetheirownproblems.Butonerunnercaughthereye.Shelookedperfect.Sarahthoughtthisrunnermightbeather.ShewasafreshmannamedAlex.AlexturnedandsawS