人教英語八年級下冊各單元知識點(diǎn)講與練

人教英語八年級下冊各單元知識點(diǎn)講與練一：What’sthematter?與What’swrong?同義，均意為“怎么了？”，常用來詢問疾病、事故傷害等。如果表示某人怎么了，應(yīng)該用What’sthematterwithsb.?或What’swrongwithsb.?如：What’sthematter/What’swrongwiththeoldman?What’sthematter?的答語通常有以下幾種：①“sb.+have/get/catcha(n)+疾病名稱”表示患某種疾病。如：Ihave/get/catchacold.②“sb.+be/feel+某些形容詞”表示某人感到不適如：Iam/feelsick.③“身體部位+be/feel+某些形容詞”表示某部位感到不適。如：Myheadis/feelshot.④“身體部位+hurt”表示某部位痛。如：Mystomachhurts.⑤“sb.+get+某些動(dòng)詞的過去分詞形式”表示受傷。如：Hegotsunburnedyesterday.⑥“sb.+hurt/cut+具體部位/反身代詞”表示傷害。如：Hehurthisarmintheaccident./Icutmyselfwhencooking.用來詢問疾病、不適或突發(fā)情況時(shí)，還可用以下句型：What’sthetrouble(with...)?Whathappened(to...)?Isthereanythingwrong(with...)?二：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)BusNo.26wasgoingalongZhonghuaRoadwhenthedriversawanoldmanlyingonthesideoftheroad.1)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在過去某一時(shí)刻或某一時(shí)間內(nèi)進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。其形式為was/were+V-ing。常與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。如：lastnight，lastSaturday等；或與when，while，as引導(dǎo)的過去時(shí)間狀語連用。WewerewatchingTVfromseventoninelastnight.昨天晚上七點(diǎn)到九點(diǎn)的時(shí)候我們在看電視。2)when常引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，放在過去進(jìn)行時(shí)構(gòu)成的主句后，表示某事正在進(jìn)行時(shí)，另一件事情發(fā)生了。3)seesb.doingsth.固定結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“看到某人正在從事某事或所處的狀態(tài)”。類似的結(jié)構(gòu)還有：hear/watch/seesb.dosth.“看見某人做了某事”，是指看見事情發(fā)生的全過程。Isawhimworkinthegardenyesterday.昨天我看見他在花園里干活了。(強(qiáng)調(diào)“我看見了”這個(gè)事實(shí))Isawhimworkinginthegardenyesterday.昨天我見他正在花園里干活。(強(qiáng)調(diào)"我見他正干活"這個(gè)動(dòng)作)一情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should1.表示應(yīng)該：should既可指有責(zé)任或義務(wù)“應(yīng)該”做某事，也可指建議或勸告某人“應(yīng)該”做某事，還可指推測某事或某情況“應(yīng)該”會發(fā)生。如：Richpeopleshouldhelppoorpeople.富人應(yīng)該幫助窮人。Youshouldseeadoctor.你應(yīng)當(dāng)去看醫(yī)生。2.表示語氣委婉should可以與think,say,imagine等動(dòng)詞連用，使語氣變得委婉。如：Ishouldsayshe’soverforty.二反身代詞的用法1.作賓語反身代詞常用在buy,enjoy,help,hurt,teach,wash等及物動(dòng)詞和by,to,after,for,about等介詞后作賓語。如：Youhavetolearntolookafteryourself.你得學(xué)會照顧自己。（作介詞的賓語）Mysistercan'twashherselfyet.我的妹妹還不會自己洗臉。（作動(dòng)詞的賓語）2.作表語反身代詞也常放在系動(dòng)詞之后作表語表示與主語是同一人或物。如：Themaninthephotoismyself.照片上的那個(gè)人就是我（自己）。3.作同位語反身代詞常作主語或賓語的同位語，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，表示“自己；親自”的意思。作主語同位語時(shí)，可以放在主語之后，也可以放在句子的末尾；但作賓語同位語時(shí)，反身代詞只能放在賓語之后。如：Thetigerhimselfdidn'toftengotolookforfood.=Thetigerdidn'toftengotolookforfoodhimself.老虎自己很少出去尋找食物。（主語同位語）You'dbetteraskMaryherself.你最好問問瑪麗本人。（賓語同位語）1.——Lookatthetallboyovertherehe's____winneroftheschoolpaintingcompetition.——Ohhemustbe____creativeboy.*Aa;theBthe;anCthe;aDan;a2.What's____withyou?*ATroubleBThematterCThewrongDmatter3.——____？——Nothingseriousbutabittired.——You'dbetterhavearestnow.*AIsthatallBIsthereanythingelseCHowoldareyouDWhat'sthematterwithyou4.What'sthematterwithLucy?——____*ASheisawayBSheisnothereCSheshouldtakesomemedicineDShehasatoothache5.Ididn'tsleepwelllastnight.BecauseI____atoothache.*AWasBwentChadDtook6.——Lucy,what's____matterwithyou?——Ihave____toothache.*Aa.theBthe.aC/.theDthe./7.Mr.Lieats____food,soheis____fat.*AMuchtoo，toomuchBtoomany,muchtooCtoomuch,toomuchDtoomuch,muchtoo8.——Whyareyousotiredthesedays?——Well,Ihave____platestowash.*AtoomuchBtoomanyCmuchtooDmanytoo9.You____driveyourcarsofast,it'sverydangerous*AWouldn'tBShouldn'tCCouldn'tDMustn't10.——Iwouldlikeacupofmilk.Whataboutyou,Lucy?——Iprefercoffee____sugar*AthanBforCwithDto八下Unit2Iwillhelptocleanupthecityparks習(xí)題+講義練習(xí)1.Youcouldhelptocleanupthecityparks.1)help作動(dòng)詞,“幫助”。helpsb.todosth.意為：___________________.如:HeoftenhelpsmetostudyEnglish.2)help作名詞，“幫助”。如:______________________.謝謝你的幫助。3)clean可用作形容詞，意為“清潔的，干凈的”，此外clean可用作動(dòng)詞，用于以下詞組：cleanup打掃清潔或收拾整齊，整理。cleanout打掃某物內(nèi)部（如：房間，抽屜，箱子等）clean-up（名詞）打掃，清潔。練一練：It’stimeforyouto_________________yourbedroom.Iwillhelpyou_____________theschool.2.sick和ill的用法區(qū)別sick是形容詞,"生病的",同義詞是ill。區(qū)別sick在句中可做語和____語,而ill只能做語。3.comeupwith=thinkup想出thinkabout考慮thinkof想起thinkover仔細(xì)考慮Thinkbeforeyouact三思而后行4.(1)usev.使用→usefuladj.有用的。useup用完StudyingEnglishis__________(use).(2)usesthtodosth用某物做某事WeuseInternet__________(find)information.(3)usedtodosth過去常常做某事，表示過去做過的事現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不做，只用于過去時(shí)態(tài)。①M(fèi)ymotherused（tell）usstorywhenwewereyoung②Heusedto___shortand___shorthairwhenhewasyoung.A.have;beB.be;haveC.be;beD.have;have(4)be/getusedtodoingsth習(xí)慣于做某事Mygrandpaisused___________(live)incountry.(5)beusedtodosth被用來做某事=beusedfordoingsth①Stampsisused____________(post)letters.()②Mybrotherusedto_____uplate,butnowheisusedto___upearly.A.getgetB.getting;getC.get;gettingD.getting;getting()③Keysareused___thedoor.A.toopenB.toopeningC.openD.opening5.alone/lonely辨析：(1)alone=byoneselfadj.單獨(dú)的，指無人陪伴的客觀事實(shí)，不帶感情色彩。(2)lonely①指人孤獨(dú)的，寂寞的，強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀感受；②也可指某個(gè)地方是荒涼的一．訓(xùn)練評價(jià)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Let’scheer_________(they)up,OK?2.I’dlike___________(visit)myEnglishteachertomorrow.3.I’llfeelgoodabout_______(help)theoldpeople.4.He_____(spend)everymorning_______(do)somesports.5.Theyplan___________(buy)abighouse.6.【解析】homen.家→homelessadj.無家可歸的behometo…=bethehomeofsb.成為…家園ahomelessboy一個(gè)無家可歸的男孩【拓展】由home構(gòu)成的合成詞：behometosb.=bethehomeofsb.是某人的家homelandn祖國hometownn家鄉(xiāng)homework家庭作業(yè)homelessadj.無家可歸的home-madeadj.自制的careless粗心的hopeless沒有希望的helpless無助的useless沒有用的7解析】stopdoing(1)stopdoingsth.停止做某事Pleasestopspeaking.請停止講話(2)stoptodosth.停下來去做另外一件事Pleasestoptotalk.請停下來講話(3)stopsb.fromdoingsth.=keepsbfromdoingsth=preventsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事(4)can’tstopdoingsth.忍不住做??訓(xùn)練評價(jià)1.–IlikereadingaboutChinesehistory.–Youcould_____aChineseHistoryClub.A.beginB.startC.buildD.establish2.Thegovernmenthasplanned_______manyhousesforthepeoplewhoaretoopoortobuyhouses.A.tobuildB.buildingC.builtD.beingbuilt3.Notonly_____toseeme,butalsohestayedfordinner,too.A.didhecomeB.hecameC.doeshecomeD.hecomes4.Ifeelgoodabout________attheoldpeople’shome.(volunteer)5.Notonlyyoubutalsohe_____tohaveameetingtoday.(have)6.Youcouldhelptheteacher______asoccerteam.(coach)7.Theyvolunteertheirsparetime______others.(help)8.___Tom___Mike.wenttothepark,butIdidn’t.A.Either;orB.Neither;norC.Notonly;butalsoD.Not;but9.Ispentalotoftime_____myhomeworklastweekend.(do)11.HewasborninItaly,buthehasmadeChinahis____.A.familyB.addressC.houseD.home12.Mr.LiregardsNingxiaashissecond___becausehehasbeenhereforovertwentyyears.A.familyB.houseC.roomD.home13.Seeingtheirteacher____intotheclassroom,theystopped_____atonce.A.walk;tellingB.entering;tospeakC.enter;totellD.walking;talking14.—Dad,whymustIstop_____computergames?—Foryourhealth,myboy.A.playB.toplayC.toplayingD.playing8.Igiveitaway.giveaway表示“捐贈”，如果賓語是代詞，必須把代詞放在中間,giveit/themaway.小結(jié)：含give的短語：givesbacall;giveup;giveout;giveoff發(fā)出（光.熱.氣體）9.I’msimilartoher.besimilarto意為“與……類似‖;bethesameas“與……完全相同”。Alleggslooksimilar_____oneanother,butnottwoeggsarethesame_____eachother.A.to;toB.as;asC.to;asD.as;to10.I’msureyouknowthatthisgroupwassetuptohelpdisabledpeoplelikeme.我肯定你知道這個(gè)組織的成立是為了幫助像我這樣的殘疾人?！窘馕?】besure(that)...⑴besure＋of／aboutdoingsth，確信…；―對…有把握。但在接名詞時(shí)，besureof指主語對某抽象事物的確信無疑；besureabout則側(cè)重指主語對某具體事物的確信無疑。I'msureofhishonesty．我肯定他是誠實(shí)的。⑵besuretodosth，表示說話人對句子主語作出的判斷，認(rèn)為主語必定會如何如何。Itissuretorain．天一定會下雨。⑶besure+賓語從句，表示主句主語對賓語從句中涉及的事物所作出的判斷，意為―確信某事一定會…Wearesurehewillmakegreatprogressthisterm．我們確信他這學(xué)期一定會取得巨大進(jìn)步【拓展】makesure表示―弄確實(shí)；核實(shí)；查證?！狪makesure(that)hewouldcome.—我確信他會來。八下Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?習(xí)題+講義1.Shedidn’tdoanyhouseworkandneither/nordidI.如：shedoesn’tgotoschool，neitherdoINeither兩個(gè)主要詞性1.做副詞，“也不”相當(dāng)于nor.常用結(jié)構(gòu)為(1)“neither+連系動(dòng)詞be(am,is,are)/助動(dòng)詞(do/does/did)/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(should,will,must,can,could等)+主語”表示“…也不”此時(shí)，可用nor替換，這是一個(gè)倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，表示前面否定的情況也同樣屬于后者?！皊o＋系動(dòng)詞(助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)＋主語”表示前面所述內(nèi)容也適用于另一個(gè)人或物：ShedidsomehouseworkandsodidI.這句話so作副詞，意為“也是如此”，(2)"neither…nor…"意為“既不…也不…”用于否定兩個(gè)并列的成分，謂語遵循“就近原則”。Helikesneitherapplesnorbananas.Tomisn'tateacher,neitherisMary.2.作代詞，意為“兩者都不”，反義詞為both，常用結(jié)構(gòu)為“neitherof+主語+謂語(可單可復(fù))”。Neitherofushave/hasabasketball.我們都沒有籃球。2.TheminuteIsatdowninfrontoftheTV,mymomcameover.Theminute一…就...相當(dāng)于assoonas/themoment引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句TheminuteIcalledher,shestoodup.3.As…as像…一樣用于同級之間的比較。結(jié)構(gòu)：as+原級+as如：Thefilmisasinterestingasthatone.否定.Notas/so…as不如…比不上…如Hedoesn’tstudysohardashisbrother.4.CouldIinvitemyfriendstoaparty?invited為及物動(dòng)詞，意為“邀請；約請”。invitesb.todosth.意為“邀請某人做某事”。如：Weinvitedallourfriends.我們邀請了所有的朋友。Thankyouforyourkindinvitation.感謝你的盛情邀請。5.borrowsomemoneyborrow表示“借入”borrowsthfromsb“向某人借某物”lendsbsth=lendsthtosb“借給某人某物”6.Itistheparents’jobtoprovideacleanandcomfortableenvironmentathomefortheirchildren.it為形式主語，真正的主語是toprovideacleanand…fortheirchildren.it’sone'sjob(duty)todosomething.看作一個(gè)固定句型，表示“做某事是某人的職責(zé)”7.Theearlierkidslearntobeindependent,thebetteritisfortheirfuture.“the+比較級+……,the+比較級+……”表示“越……,就越……”。如：Themoreheexplained,thebetterweunderstood.他解釋的越多，我們就理解的越透徹。語法聚焦情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could的用法1.表示“能力”或“可能性”，作為can的過去形式。如：CouldyouspeakEnglishthen？那時(shí)你能講英語嗎？Hesaidhecouldn'tfollowme.他說他跟不上我。2.比較委婉客氣地提出問題或陳述看法。如：—Couldyouletmehaveyourpassport?—Yes,hereitis.—看看你的護(hù)照好嗎？—行，這就是。Icouldcomeearlier,ifnecessary.如果必要我可以早點(diǎn)來。3.can,could和beableto的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系1.could與can的用法區(qū)別：都用于表示請求的句子中。can表示一般性的請求，語氣較隨便，could表示有禮貌的請求，語氣委婉,常用于非熟人之間。1.could可做can的過去式，也可當(dāng)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞原型，其表示比can更委婉的語氣，在回答由could表示請求的問句中，不用could，要用can.如：—Couldyoulendmeahand?你可幫我嗎？—OfcourseIcan.當(dāng)然可以。2.在表示現(xiàn)在或過去的智力、體力、技能等方面的“能力”時(shí)，can,could?？膳cbeableto互換。如：Hecould(orwasableto)swimfivemileswhenhewasaboy.當(dāng)他還是個(gè)男孩的時(shí)候他可以游五公里。3.beableto有比can更多的形式，如"willbeableto"，"have(has)beenableto""hadbeenableto"等等。因此beableto常被用來表示can所不能表示的將來或完成的概念。如：theywillbeabletorunthismachineontheirowninthreemonths.他們過三個(gè)月就能自己開這臺機(jī)器了。4.在表示成功地做了某事時(shí)，不用could，而用was/wereableto(或managedto,succeededindoingsth)來表示。如：Hewasableto(ormanagedto)finishthejobyesterday。習(xí)題：()1.Thehotelprovidesashoecleaningservice_____guests.A.forB.FromC.OnD.with()2.Hedoesn’tlikedoingchoresand______doI.A.eitherB.noC.neitherD.not()3.______shewentintotheroom,sheknewtherewassomethingwrong.A.AslongasB.SinceC.AssoonasD.Although()4.Idon’tmind______ifyoucan’tfindanyoneelse.A.helpB.helpingC.tohelpD.tohelping()5.Forkids,Ithinktwohoursofplayingcomputergames___toolong.A.isB.areC.wasD.were()6.I’mlookingforajobwhichcanmakeme______mycreativetalentstothefull.A.turnB.developC.wasteD.choose()7.Ifyouneedacoat,Ican_____youone.Iwillgohometogetitrightaway.A.lendB.sellC.borrowD.buy()8.There’snoneedforyou_____late!Icanfinishtherestoftheworkbymyself.A.tostayB.stayC.stayingD.stayed()9.Yoursonisonlya4-year-oldchild.Youshouldn’tgivehimsomuch____ofstudies.A.riskB.hopeC.stressD.advice()10.Iknowit’snotmyjob______youhowtorunyourlife,butIdothinkyou’vemadeamistake.A.tellB.totellC.askD.toask根據(jù)句意及所給漢語提示，寫出句中所缺單詞。16.Stop______(扔)stonesatthatdog!17.Everyoneputtheir_____(手指)intheirearsbecauseofthebignoise.18.Iwishyourkidswould______(折疊)uptheirclothes!19.Hemakesaterrible_______(雜亂)ofthekitchenwhenhe’scooking.20.IaskedifIcouldreadtheletter,soshe________(遞)ittome.八下Unit4Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents?習(xí)題+講義語法聚焦提建議的8大句型1.whynot"為什么不"，后接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式（動(dòng)詞原形），其省略了主語，完整句Whydon'tyou/they/we...?如：Whydon'tyoutryagain?=Whynottryagain?Whynotgoforawalkwithme?為什么不和我散個(gè)步呢？2.用whatabout"…怎么樣"，about介詞，后面跟名詞代詞或動(dòng)名詞Whatabouthavingawalkwithme?和我散個(gè)步怎么樣3.Shallwe?后面跟動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成一個(gè)一般疑問句，表示建議或征求對方意見，Shallwegoforawalktogether?我們可一塊散個(gè)步嗎？其回答用Allright,OK,Goodidea等。4.用Let's...?表示“讓我們”（包括雙方在內(nèi)）做某事“這一建議時(shí)要用以Let's開頭的祈使句。而Letus在表示讓我們做某事時(shí)，不包括對方在內(nèi)，可理解為祈使句Let'sgoforawalk，讓我們一塊去散個(gè)步吧5.hadbetter最好還是…好后跟動(dòng)詞原形,常用于口語當(dāng)中，We'dbetterhaveawalk，我們最好散個(gè)步6.用Don't…來表示建議，常用于祈使句的否定句中Don'thaveawalkrightnow，現(xiàn)在最好不要去散步7.Wouldyoulike加短語.意思是…怎么樣？后接sth或todosth.Wouldyouliketogoforawalkwithme?Wouldyoulikeawalkwithme?8.Willyouplease加動(dòng)原？請你…好嗎？Willyoupleasegoforawalkwithme?請和我一塊散個(gè)步好嗎？狀語從句時(shí)間狀語從句中，由狀語從句表示主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間，由以下連詞引導(dǎo)：when/while/assoonas/since/till/until在時(shí)間狀語從句中，注意時(shí)態(tài)一致。一般情況下主句是將來時(shí)，從句主要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句用于肯定句，意為“直到......為止”，主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。用于否定句時(shí)，意為“直到......才”，主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。Ihavetostayhereuntiltherainstops.我不得不待在這兒，直到雨停。when,while的區(qū)別：when引導(dǎo)從句的謂語動(dòng)詞可是延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞/瞬間動(dòng)詞。when表示“就在那時(shí)”。While引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性的，并強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生（或者相對應(yīng)）。并且while有時(shí)還可以表示主、從句兩個(gè)動(dòng)作之間的對比。Thegirlwasshoppingwhenshesawtheman.Whilemywifewasreadingthenewspaper,IwaswatchingTV.(wasreading是延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞，wasreading和waswatching同時(shí)發(fā)生)sothat引導(dǎo)的狀語從句：sothat,inorderthat/incase,/forfearthatsothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞一般和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等連用。Heshouldtalktohisfriendsothathecansayhe'ssorry。Thebossaskedthestudentstohurryupwiththeletterssothathecouldsignthem.Theteacherraisedhisvoiceonpurposethatthestudentsinthebackcouldhearmoreclearly.although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句一般意為“盡管...”通常although可與though互換使用，但兩者都不能與but同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)句子中。讓步的狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞：though,although,evenif,eventhough。特殊引導(dǎo)詞nomatter/whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whichever如：Althoughsheisveryweak,sheworksveryhard.盡管她身體很弱，但是工作很努力。單項(xiàng)選擇()1.Whydon’tyou______herascarf?A.getB.togetC.gettingD.gets()2.Ithinkawatchisnot____togetformybestfriend.A.enoughspecialB.specialenoughC.moreenoughspecialD.specialenoughmore()3.Studentshavehomeworktodoeveryday.A.somanyB.suchmanyC.suchmuchD.somuch()4.Ifoundaletter____onthefloorwhenIcameintotheclassroom.A.lyingB.layC.liesD.lie()5.youread,youwillfeelinhisbooks.A.More;moreinterestingB.Themore;themoreinterestingC.Themore;themoreinterestedD.More;moreinterested()6.–Aniceday,isn’tit?–Yes,_____goforapicnicandrelaxourselves?A.WouldyoulikeB.WhynotC.WhataboutD.whydon’t()7.Whydon’tyou____anEnglishclubtopractice_____English?A.tojoin;tospeakB.join;tospeakC.join;speakingD.tojoin;speaking()8.Tomworkshard____earn(掙)moremoney.A.inorderthatB.inordertoC.sothatD.asif()9.—Whatareyougoingtodoifittomorrow?—Ihaven’tthoughtaboutit.A.doesn’trainB.won’trainC.don’trainD.isn’training()10.Canyouprovideussomeinformationthecomputer?A.for;withB.with;aboutC.for;aboutD.with;with21.為什么你不跟你父母道歉呢？saysorrytoyourparents?22.盡管太陽高照，卻不很暖和。________thesunwasshiningitwasn'tvery______.23.我會一直等到他們來。I'llwait______theyarrive.24.馬上寫信給他,使他能夠及時(shí)了解情況Writetohimatonce____hemayknowintime.用be動(dòng)詞填空25.Manyofthemlearningexamskills26.TheTaylorsatypicalAmericanfamily.27.LifeforCathyTaylor’sthreechildrenverybusy.28.Ibelievetheseactivitiesimportantformychildren’sfuture.29.Whydon’ttheyjustlettheirkidskids?30.Toomuchpressurenotgoodforchild’sdevelopment五、詞語運(yùn)用（每小題1分，10分）Whenyoufeel31（worry）orstressedout,everythingseemstogowrongatonce.Youcan’trememberwhattheteachersaysinclass.Youmay32（爭吵）withyourparentsorfriends.Youmayhaveproblemsin33(sleep),too.Forexample,youcan’tgettosleeporyoustill34（feel）tiredwhenyougetup.Ifyouareundertoomuch35(壓力)，maybeit’stime36(change)yourlifeabitbydoingsomething37（difference）.It’simportantforyoutolearn38(relax).Youcanplaysomequietmusic.39(read)abookisagoodwaytorelax,too.Youshouldstop40(do)thethingthatyouarenotenjoying.Thentakeupanewactivityortryanewinterest31323334353637383940八下Unit5Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame？習(xí)題+講義比較“when”and“while”when“當(dāng)…..時(shí)候”，后面跟的動(dòng)作不延續(xù),常跟一般過去時(shí)。如：WhentheUFOtookoff,theboywastakingphotos.while“當(dāng)…..時(shí)候”，后面跟的動(dòng)作延續(xù),常跟過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：Whiletheboywastakingphotos,theUFOtookoff.當(dāng)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)持續(xù)發(fā)生時(shí),主句和while引導(dǎo)的從句都用過去進(jìn)行時(shí).如：IwaswatchingTVwhilemysisterwaslisteningtothemusic.語法聚焦過去進(jìn)行時(shí)定義:表示在過去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。不強(qiáng)調(diào)是否完成。結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+doing（現(xiàn)在分詞）用法：1.表示過去某段時(shí)間內(nèi)持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài).時(shí)間狀語thismorning/thewholemorning/alldayyesterday/fromninetotenlastevening/when/while等.如：Whatwasthegirldoingatthetimeoftherainstorm?WewerewatchingTVfromseventoninelastnight.2.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的事情.時(shí)間點(diǎn)可用介詞短語、副詞或從句來表示。Whatwasshedoingatnineo'clockyesterday？WhenIsawhimhewascleaninghisroom.3.在復(fù)合句中，如果主要?jiǎng)幼骱捅尘皠?dòng)作都是延續(xù)的或同時(shí)發(fā)生的，那么主從句的動(dòng)詞都可用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：Whilehewaswaitingforthebus，hewasreadinganewspaper.他邊等車邊看報(bào)。（兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都是延續(xù)的）HewascleaninghiscarwhileIwascooking.他擦車時(shí)我在做飯。（兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行）4.通常不能用于過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞主要有agree，be，believe，belong，care，forget，hate，have（擁有），hear，know，like，love，mean，mind，notice，own，remember，seem，suppose，understand，want，wish等。如：誤：Iwasknowingtheanswer.正：Iknewtheanswer.我知道答案。誤：Iwasn'tunderstandinghim.正：Ididn'tunderstandhim.我不明白他的意思。使用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)應(yīng)注意的幾點(diǎn)(1)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)可表示按計(jì)劃、安排過去某時(shí)刻將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：HesaidtheywereleavingforBeijingthisafternoon.他說他今天下午要去北京。(2)動(dòng)詞hope,wonder等的過去進(jìn)行時(shí)常用來表示提出要求，語氣委婉。如：Iwaswonderingwhetheryoucouldcometojoinus.我想你能否過來跟我們一起活動(dòng)?(3)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)中有always,forever,continually,constantly修飾時(shí)，表示說話人的贊賞或厭煩的感情。如：Hewasalwaysthinkingofothers.他總是想到人家。隨堂練訓(xùn)練評價(jià)一：根據(jù)漢語提示或首字母完成下列各句。1.Accordingtoar__________inthenewspaper,thebasketballstarwasseriouslyinjured(受傷).2.Look,it’srainingh__________.Iamafraidwecan’tgoswimming.3.Igotuplatethismorningbecausemya_________wasbrokenanditdidn’twakemeup.4.NoonewasathomebuttheTVsetwason.Hefelts___________.5.Don’tlookoutofw__________.Pleaselookatthebackboard.6.Therewasnol_________intheroom,soitwassodark.二：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，語法練習(xí)：用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1.We___________________(wash)ourclothesatsixyesterdayevening.2.WhileAnn_________________(talk)withherdeskmate,theteachercamein.3.Look!Mary__________________(clean)theroom.4.–What________you__________(talk)aboutjustnow?-Weweretalkingaboutthemovie.5.They________________(move)toParislastmonth.6.He____________________(read)anovelfrom8to12yesterdaymorning.7.What___________he_____________(do)atfiveo’clockyesterdayafternoon.8.He_______________(watch)TVwhenIcamein.9.She_____________(do)herhomeworkwhilehermother_____________(cook).10.He__________________(wait)formewhenthetrainarrived.三：用所給的短語或其適當(dāng)形式填空。feellikemakesurehavefunwithdiedownwakeup1.WhenI_______thismorning,itwasnineo’clock.2.____________tocatchupwithotherstudents,oryou’llfallbehind.3.We_____________ourclassmatesintheparkyesterdayafternoon.4.She____________eatingbreadandchickenforlunch.5.WhenIgotupthismorning,thewindwas____________.五：根據(jù)句意及首字母或漢語提示寫出單詞。1.Let’ssetoutnowbeforethesunr_________.2.Itrainedso_________(大)lastnightthatthelakeisfullofwaternow.3.Davidfell________(睡著)inclassbecausehestayeduptoolatelastnight.4.Theroomisverydark,Iwanttoget___________(火柴)tolightthecandles.六：用“when”與“while”完成句子。(1)_____Tomwaseatingsupper,itbegantorainoutside.(2)Don'tuseyourcellphone_____youaredrivingacar.(3)Whatwereyoudoing_____Mr.Zhoucamein?(4)Jimisgoodatmath_____MaryisgoodatEnglish.(5)WewerewatchingTV_____theelectricitywasoff.八：用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Totellthe__________(true),Idon’tthinkyouareright.2.Theyfinishedtheirworkin_________(silent).3.Ihaveproblems_________(do)myhomework.4.I_______（意識到）Iwaslostintheforest.5.Shelikeseveryp_____inherclass.5.—What_____you_____(do)whenhearrived?—I_________(watch)TVatthattime.6.WhenI___________(walk)inthestreet,I_________(meet)mybestfriendJim.7.Mum_________(buy)myfatheranicecoatandapairoftrouserslastSunday.8.Whilemyparentsweredoingsomecleaning,mysister_________(shout)tomeloudly.9.Whenhesawthethiefsteelingthingsintheoffice,heclosedthedoorand______(call)thepolice.10.Ifirstmetmygirlfriendtwoyearsago,she______(work)inthesupermarket.11.Thankyoufor_____(teach)ussowell,mydearteacher.12.What________yourparents_________(do)atnineo’clocklastnight?Unit6anoldmantriedtomovethemountains習(xí)題+講義1.Whathappenednext?(1)happened是happen的過去式，意思是“發(fā)生；碰巧”，屬不及物動(dòng)詞。如：Ihappenedtoseeheryesterday.我昨天碰巧見到她。(2)sth.+happened+地點(diǎn)/時(shí)間，表示某地/某時(shí)發(fā)生了某事，此時(shí)主語是物。如：Thestoryhappenedin1912.這個(gè)故事發(fā)生在1912年。(3)sth.+happen+tosb.,表示“某人出了某事”，常指不好的事。如：Whathappenedtoyou？你發(fā)生什么事啦？(4)sb.+happen+todo,表示某人碰巧做了某事。如：Ihappenedtomeetanoldfriendinthemarketlastweek。2.remindv.提醒；使想起(1)remindsb.of/aboutsth.提醒某人想起某事Thepictureremindshimofhisbeautifulhometown.(3)remindsb.todosth.提醒某人去做某事Pleaseremindmetocomebackearly.3.instead與insteadof的區(qū)別instead是副詞，意為“代替”，在句中只能用作狀語。后者是介詞短語如：Wehavenocoffee.Wouldyoulikesomewaterinstead?4.Onceuponatime,therewasaveryoldman…很久以前，有位老翁…….onceuponatime/longlongago/alongtimeago/farfaraway從前，很久很久之前.Onceuponatime,therewasamountain.Andinthemountain,therewas…從前有座山，山里有座……5.turn/put/change…into…變成如:Theteacheraskedustoturn/put/changethesentencesintoEnglish.老師讓我們把這些句子譯成英文。6.bemadeof和bemadefrom的區(qū)別(1)bemadeof表示制成成品后,可看出原材料是什么,例如:Thebookismadeofpapers(2)bemadefrom表示制成成品后,看不出原材料是什么。例如：Thepaperismadefrombamboo語法聚焦unless,assoonas,so...that引導(dǎo)的狀語從句在主從復(fù)合句中，用作狀語的句子叫做狀語從句。unless,assoonas,so...that分別引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，時(shí)間狀語從句和結(jié)果狀語從句。它們的具體用法如下：條件狀語從句和時(shí)間狀語從句涉及到時(shí)態(tài)問題：1.主將從現(xiàn)2.主從句子時(shí)態(tài)一致1.Unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句：unlessconj.意為“如果不；除非”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,相當(dāng)于if…not...如：don’tcomeunlessItelephone/don’tcomeifIdon’ttelephoneIwillgothereunlessIamtoobusy/IwillgothereifIamnotbusyUnlessIdo,we’lllosethegame.=IfIdon't,we'lllosethegame.如果我不這樣做,我們會丟掉比賽的。2.Assoonas連詞詞組，“一...就...”引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句：1主將從現(xiàn)2前后時(shí)態(tài)一致IwateredtheflowersassoonasIcamebackhome.一回到家里，我就去澆了花。Theywillanswermeassoonastheyreceivemyorder.他們收到我的口令就立刻給我回應(yīng).IwilldomyhomeworkassoonasIfinishthemeal.我一吃完飯就會寫作業(yè)。3.so...that...和sothat：so...that...“如此...以至于...”用于引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。常見結(jié)構(gòu)如下：ItissogoodastorythatIwillneverforgetit/ItissuchagoodstorythatIwillneverforgetit.Heransofastthatnonecouldcatchupwithhim（1）Such+a+adj名詞+that從句（2）Such+（adj）+名詞復(fù)數(shù)+that從句（3）So+adj/adv+that從句（4）So+many/few+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+that從句（5）So+much/little+不可數(shù)名詞4.sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，意為“為了，以便”，通常從句中用may，might，can，could等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。如:shegetsupearlysothatshecancatchupwiththefirstbusWeleftearlysothatwecouldcatchthefirstbus.一：單項(xiàng)選擇：（）1.Thereusedtoberiverinfrontofthecity,______?A.diditB.usednotitC.didn’tthereD.didthere（）2.Let’sturntheradiodown.Yourfather_________A.issleepingB.sleptC.sleepsD.issleep（）3.—WhereisBob?—He_______tothelibrary.A.isgoingB.hasbeenC.wentD.hasgone（）4.Idon’tknowwhenhe______,butifhe______,I’llcallyou.A.comes,comesB.willcome,comesC.comes,willcomeD.willcome,willcome（）5.HowlongmayI_______yourbike?A.lendB.borrowC.keepD.get（）6.Theanimalsaremade_________inthezoo.A.liveB.toliveC.livingD.toliving1.Theboyissoyoungthathecan’tdresshimself.這個(gè)男孩那么小，自己還不會穿衣服。=Theboyisdresshimself.=Theboyisn’tdresshimself.2.Wewillgohikingifitdoesn’traintomorrow.(改為同義句)Wewillgohikingittomorrow.3.Heistootiredtowalkanymore.(同義句）Heistiredhecan’twalkanymore.4.Assoonashe(come)toBeijing,I(call)youup.二：用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Knivesare_________(use)tocutthings.2.Thechildrenweretoldthatthesun___________(rise)intheeast.3.SuddenlyIrealizedsomeone___________(follow)me.4.He’slivedheresincehe___________(come)tothecity.5.Helikesme________(go)swimmingwithhimthisafternoon.三：句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Peoplearetryingtosavethemonkeys.（對畫線部分提問）_______arepeopletrying__________?2.ItseemsthatPolarBearsaregentleanimals.（改為同義句）PolarBearsseems__________gentleanimals.3.Theoldbuilding_________(setup)yesterday.4.Youngpeopleshouldspeaktotheold________(polite).5.Therearemanypeople________(pick)upapples.四：單項(xiàng)選擇題()1.Johnfellasleep___hewaslisteningtothemusic.A.afterB.beforeC.whileD.assoonas()2.—Whydoyoulikethemusic?—Becauseitremindsmemybestfriend.A.withB.forC.toD.of()3.Don’tgiveup.Thingswillbefine.—Yes.Weshouldlearntobewhenweareintrouble.A.braveB.quietC.sadD.angry()4.I’malittlethesedays.—Ithinkyoushouldeatmorehealthyfoodanddomoreexercise.A.sillyB.weakC.carefulD.smart()5.Haveacupofteayoulikeacolddrink.A.sinceB.ifC.unlessD.because()6.--Thehatisinlastyear’sstyle.--Ithinkitstilllooksperfect___ithasgoneoutthisyear.A.sothatB.eventhoughC.asifD.eversince()7.—Doesthatsweaterher?—Sure.Sheisreallybeautifulinit.A.hitB.keepC.fixD.fit()8.Thepoormanateabigbreakfast___hesaidhewasnothungry.A.sinceB.becauseC.thoughD.for()9.—MustIgiveup,Doctor?—Foryourhealth,youhaveto.A.smokeB.smokingC.smokesD.tosmoke()10.—Herissosweet.—Yes.Hersongsverybeautiful.A.sound;tasteB.voice;smellC.voice;soundD.noise;sound五：根據(jù)句意提示寫出空缺單詞的正確形式：1.Assoonashesawme,hestopped_______(talk)tome.2.Thebridge_________(build)30years.3.Theshop_________(close)atfiveeveryday.4.Tinaboughta_________(use)car,butit’svery________(use).5.Itissaidthatthereisno_______(live)thingsonthemoon.6.Look!They_______(play)footballontheplayground.Unit7wh