Unit 5 知識點與語法梳理精練（原卷版）

知識清單專題05【知識串講】必修三Unit5知識點與語法梳理精練知識清單confirmv.證實，證明【教材原句】ThefirstpeopleconfirmedtohavereachedthetopwereEdmundHillaryandTenzingNorgayin1953.第一批被證實登上頂峰的人是在1953年登上去的埃德蒙·希拉里和丹增·諾爾蓋。confirm＋sth./that從句/wh-從句(尤指通過提供更多證據(jù))證實beconfirmedbysb.被某人認可Ithasbeenconfirmedthat...據(jù)證實…，已經(jīng)確認…confirmsb.in(belief/opinion/view)使某人確信信念/意見/觀點crowdn.人群v．擁擠，聚集【教材原句】Lastyear,hundredsofpeoplespentgoodmoneyonanexperiencethattheyknewwouldincludecrowds,discomfortanddanger.去年，數(shù)以百計的人在一種他們知道會有擁擠、不適和危險的體驗上花了很多錢。acrowdof(crowdsof)一群(成群)… inthecrowd在人群里crowdintoone'smind涌入某人的腦海 crowdin(onsb.)(想法、問題等)涌上心頭；涌入腦海crowdedadj.擁擠的；擠滿的；充滿的 becrowdedwith擠滿…；充滿著…ofocus使……成為焦點【教材原句】Itbringsintofocuswhat'simportanttoyou.它會讓你關(guān)注對你來說重要的事情。bring/throwsth.intofocus使某物明朗化；使某物突出comeintofocus成為焦點 thefocusofattention關(guān)注的焦點bein/outoffocus焦點對準(zhǔn)(沒有對準(zhǔn)) focuson/upon集中(注意力、精力等)于focusone'sattention/thoughts/mind/eyeson...集中注意力/思想/心思/目光于……attemptn./v.努力，嘗試successn.成功；成功的人或事failuren.失?。皇〉娜嘶蚴隆窘滩脑洹縒iththemajorityofattemptstoclimbQomolangmaresultingeitherintotalsuccessorfailure...大多數(shù)攀登珠穆朗瑪峰的嘗試要么完全成功，要么失敗……attempttodosth.嘗試做某事 makeanattempttodo/atdoingsth.試圖做某事atthefirstattempt第一次嘗試succeedv.成功，達成；達到目的 succeedindoingsth.成功做某事successfuladj.成功的 successfulin(doing)sth.成功做某事successfullyadv.成功地failv.失敗 failtodo沒能做某事referto...as...把…稱為…thrilln.驚險，刺激【教材原句】Hereferstothepersonalitiesofthesepeopleas“TypeT”，withthe“T”standingfor“thrill”．他把這些人的性格稱為“T”型，其中“T”代表“刺激”。referto提及，談到；參考，查閱；涉及，與…有關(guān)；指的是referencen.提及；參考；查閱 referencebook參考書;工具書It'sathrilltodosth.因做某事而激動 athrillofdoingsth.因做某事而激動athrillofsth.一陣強烈的感覺thrilledadj.非常興奮的 thrillingadj.驚險的，扣人心弦的thrillern.驚險小說turnaround轉(zhuǎn)身，翻轉(zhuǎn)【教材原句】Thereareathousandreasonstoturnaroundandonlyonetokeepgoing.有一千個理由轉(zhuǎn)身，繼續(xù)前行的只有一個。turndown調(diào)低；拒絕 turnup開大；調(diào)大；出現(xiàn)turnout結(jié)果是；證明是；生產(chǎn)；出現(xiàn)；在場turnto求助于；翻到(某頁) turnone'sbackto背對；背棄；對……置之不理figureout計算出；理解，弄明白【教材原句】Itforcesyoutolookdeepinsideyourselfandfigureoutifyoureallyhavethephysical,aswellasmental,toughnesstopushwhenyouwanttostop.它迫使你審視自己的內(nèi)心深處，弄清楚當(dāng)你想停下來的時候，你是否真的有足夠的體力、腦力和韌性去推動它。 carryout執(zhí)行，實施 dieout滅絕，消失workout計算出；制定；鍛煉；解決 breakout爆發(fā)beupto取決于;勝任;忙于;多達【教材原句】It’stotallyuptoyou.這完全取決于你。 It’suptoyou.取決于你，由你決定 uptonow迄今為止uptodate 最新的;時髦的;現(xiàn)代的 up-to-dateadj. 最新的;時髦的;現(xiàn)代的unawareadj.未覺察到的，未意識到的【教材原句】Atfirst,theseawascalmandwespentourdaysworking,fishingandplayingcards,happilyunawarethatwewouldn'tbebackforaverylongtime.起初，大海是平靜的，我們整天都在高興地工作、釣魚和打牌，沒有意識到我們要很長時間才能回來。 beunawareofsth.沒有意識到某事 beunawarethat… 沒有意識到… unawarenessn.無意識，不知道 awareadj.知道的，意識到的 beawareof知道，意識到 awarenessn.知道；意識，認識putup舉起；搭建；張貼；（提供）住宿；提供；提出；提高【教材原句】Didyouputupthetent?你搭建帳篷了嗎?putaside把…放在一邊；儲存…備用 putaway收拾好，放好putdown記下；放下；鎮(zhèn)壓 putforward提出；拿出putoff推遲，延期 putout撲滅；出版putthrough接通電話；完成；使經(jīng)受 putupwith容忍，忍受onceadv.一旦；一次；曾經(jīng)，一度；從前【教材原句】Oncethewoundiscleanedanddry,coveritwithabandage.一旦傷口清潔、干燥，就用繃帶包扎。 allatonce突然 atonce 馬上,立刻;同時onceandforall一勞永逸地;徹底地 onceortwice 一兩次;幾次onceuponatime從前 onceagain/more再一次onceandagain 一再，再三 onceinawhile有時,間或,偶爾ifnecessary如果需要的話【教材原句】Gotohospitalifnecessary.必要時去醫(yī)院。 ifever如果有過/發(fā)生過的話 ifany如果有的話ifpossible如果有可能 ifso如果這樣的話ifnot如果不；不然的話injuryn.傷，損害【教材原句】...butthreefriendsgotinjured.但是三個朋友受傷了。doaninjurytosb.傷害某人 beaninjury/injuriestosb./sth.是對某人/某物的傷害injurev.(尤指在事故中)使受傷；損害，傷害(名譽、自尊等)injuredadj.受傷的，有傷的beknownas作為…而出名；被稱為；被認為是【教材原句】Althoughregardedasthemostdangerousroadinthecountry,itisalsoknownasthe“heavenlyroad”foritsamazingviewsandtherawbeautyofthelandscape.雖然被認為是全國最危險的道路,但它也因其驚人的景觀和風(fēng)景的原始美而被稱為“天路”。 beknown/famousfor因/以…而聞名/出名 beknownto為…所熟知 befamousas 作為…而出名viewn.風(fēng)景；視野；觀點，見解v.觀看；注視；考慮【教材原句】Theviewswerefantastic!景色太美了！ comeintoview進入視野；看得見 inviewof由于;鑒于;考慮到inone’sview/opinion在某人看來；依某人的看法view...as...把…看作…graduallyadv.逐漸地，逐步地【教材原句】Beyondthatthecoloursdarkenedintofineshadesofdeepblue,andgraduallydisappeared.在更遠處，光線變暗成深藍色的細微色調(diào)并逐漸消失了。gradualchange逐漸變化 agradualchangeinclimate氣候的逐漸變化agradualprocess一個循序漸進的過程 agradualincrease逐漸增長chargen./v.主管；負責(zé)；控告；掌管；費用；電荷【教材原句】Theyarecapturedandtakeninsidethesubmarine,wheretheymeetthemanincharge,CaptainNemo.他們被捕獲并帶進了潛水艇，在那里他們遇到了負責(zé)人尼摩船長。freeofcharge＝forfree免費in/underthechargeof...在……掌管之下；由……照料inchargeof...掌管…；負責(zé)…(表狀態(tài)) takechargeof...掌管…；負責(zé)…(表動作)chargesb.somemoneyforsth.因某事向某人收取……的費用chargesb.withdoing＝accusesb.ofdoing指控某人犯…罪bechargedwith...被控告aheadof在…前面；提前；領(lǐng)先；勝過【教材原句】Aheadofitstime,thesubmarineisalsoasecretfromtherestoftheworld.因為領(lǐng)先于它所處的時代，潛水艇對世界其他地方來說還是一個秘密。aheadoftime提前 goahead說吧，做吧，干吧；繼續(xù)pushaheadwith努力推進 gorightahead直接說吧permitv.允許，準(zhǔn)許，許可n．許可證【教材原句】Inordertokeepthissecret,CaptainNemotellshisthreenewestpassengersthattheyarenotpermittedtoleavethesubmarine.為了保守這個秘密，尼摩船長告訴他的三個新乘客，他們不準(zhǔn)離開潛水艇。permitsb.sth.允許某人某事 permitsb.todosth.允許某人做某事permitdoingsth.允許做某事permissionn.允許，許可with/withoutone'spermission在某人的許可下/未經(jīng)某人的許可askfor/getone'spermission請求/獲得某人的允許adaptv.改編；使適應(yīng)【教材原句】Inthispartadaptedfromachapterofthebook,Aronnaxdescribestheexperienceofwalkingontheseabed...在這一部分改編自該書的一章,阿倫納克斯描述了在海床上行走的經(jīng)歷… adapt(oneself)to使…適應(yīng)于… adaptsth.from 根據(jù)…改編某物adapt...for 為…而改寫/改編adaptableadj. 能適應(yīng)的；可修改的 adaptationn.適應(yīng);改編;改寫本whileconj.當(dāng)…時；而，然而；雖然，盡管【教材原句】WhileNedLandcanthinkonlyofescaping,AronnaxandConseilarefascinatedbytheiradventuresinthenewunderwaterworld.尼德蘭只想著如何逃脫，而阿羅納克斯和孔塞伊被水下的精彩歷險所吸引。relatev.相聯(lián)系，有關(guān)聯(lián)；講述【教材原句】Wordsarenotenoughtorelatesuchwonders！那次奇遇是語言無法描述的！relate...to...把…和…聯(lián)系在一起 relatesth.tosb.向某人敘述/講述某事relateto...和…有關(guān)聯(lián)；理解relatedadj.相關(guān)的；有(親屬)關(guān)系的 berelatedto...和…有關(guān)的；和…有聯(lián)系的relationn.關(guān)系 in/withrelationto關(guān)于relationshipn.關(guān)系，聯(lián)系astonishv.使吃驚，使驚訝【教材原句】Thelight,whichlitthesoilthirtyfeetbelowthesurfaceoftheocean,astonishedmebyitspower.陽光照亮了海面下三十英尺的地方，它的力量使我吃驚。Itastonishessb.that...令某人感到吃驚的是… Whatastonishessb.is...使某人吃驚的是…astonishedadj.吃驚的（修飾人） beastonishedat/by...對…感到驚訝beastonishedtodosth.做某事感到驚訝 beastonishedthat...對…感到驚訝astonishingadj.令人吃驚的（修飾物）astonishmentn.驚訝，吃驚 toone'sastonishment讓某人感到驚訝的是inastonishment驚訝地distinguishv.辨別；看清，認出【教材原句】...andIclearlydistinguishedobjectsatadistanceofahundredandfiftyyards.我能清楚地認出在一百五十碼遠的物體。distinguishbetween...and...區(qū)分/辨別…和… distinguish...from...使…有別于…distinguishoneself(as...)(作為……)表現(xiàn)突出 distinguishoneselfby...某人因…而突出distinguishedadj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的 bedistinguishedfor...因…而出名surroundv.環(huán)繞，圍繞【教材原句】TrulythiswaterwhichsurroundedmewasbutanotherairheavierthantheEarth'satmosphere,butalmostasclear.事實上，我周圍的這片海水不過是比地球的大氣層還重的另一種空氣，但幾乎同樣清澈。surroundsb./sth.withsb./sth.使某人/物包圍某人/物besurroundedby/with...被…包圍surroundingadj.周圍的 surroundingsn.環(huán)境makesense有道理；可以理解，講得通【教材原句】Thenthinkaboutwhatotherwordswouldmakesenseinthesentence.然后想想還有什么其他的詞可以在這個句子中講得通。asenseofhumour/security/direction/fear幽默感/安全感/方向感/恐懼感themoralsense道德觀念 asixthsense第六感覺，第六感官commonsense 常識 makesenseof 弄懂，理解ina/onesense 在某種意義上 innosense 決不thereisnosensein(doing)sth.(做)某事毫無意義

語法清單語法清單過去將來時定義：過去將來時主要用于表示過去某個時候即將發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。結(jié)構(gòu)：would(not)dowas/were(not)goingtodowas/were(not)abouttodowas/were(not)todowas/were(not)doing（非延續(xù)動詞）用法：一般用于主句為過去時的賓語從句中。Hesaidhewouldnevergothereagain.用于虛擬語氣中。IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotdothat.

單元過關(guān)單元過關(guān)根據(jù)首字母或中文提示完成句子。1．（2023秋·吉林·高一校聯(lián)考期末）His__________(失敗)toreturnherphonecallmadeherrealizethatsomethingwaswrong.2．（2023秋·廣東廣州·高一廣州市第二中學(xué)?？计谀㏕hefiguresareauseful________(指引，指導(dǎo))whenbuyingahouse.3．（2023秋·廣東廣州·高一廣州市第二中學(xué)?？计谀㊣thasbeen________(確認)thatthemeetingwilltakeplacenextweek.4．（2023秋·廣東佛山·高一統(tǒng)考期末）Thepolice________(包圍)thekillersohecouldn’trunaway.5．（2023·山東菏澤·高一統(tǒng)考期末）WhydidtheEgyptiangovernmentwanttoa______(嘗試)thebuildingofthedam.6．（2022春·廣西南寧·高一南寧三十六中校考期末）Theoldwomanhasg______(逐漸)recoveredfromherinjury.7．（2023秋·廣東廣州·高一廣州市第二中學(xué)?？计谀㏕hebuildingworkwillgoahead,despiteprotestsfromlocalr________.8．（2023秋·山東臨沂·高一臨沂第四中學(xué)?？计谀〧allingfromahorse,thefilmstarsufferedseveralneckandlegi_________.9．（2022春·天津·高一校聯(lián)考期末）Studentsarenotp__________tosmokeordrink.10．（2022春·江蘇常州·高一統(tǒng)考期末）EquallyimpressiveisLiBai’sfreeexpressionofstrongfeelings,whichd________himfromotherlandscapepoets.用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子1．（2023秋·江蘇鹽城·高一統(tǒng)考期末）Hepromisedmeifwewonthegame,he______(buy)usaroundofdrinks．2．（2023秋·江蘇淮安·高一統(tǒng)考期末）WhenNadiminvitedmetohissister’swedding,Iknewit_________(will)betheopportunityofalifetime.3．（2023秋·吉林長春·高一長春市第六中學(xué)校考期末）Theonlytrue________(fail)isnottotry,becauseyoureffortinitselfisasuccess.4．（2023秋·北京·高一北京市十一學(xué)校?？计谀㏕omwasnotsurehowhisparents_____(react)tohisdecision.5．（2023秋·新疆烏魯木齊·高一?？计谀〩is_________(injure)inthefootballmatchwasslight.6．（2022春·黑龍江哈爾濱·高一哈爾濱市第三十二中學(xué)校校考期末）________(surround)byariver,theparkhadacentralpondwithflowersfloatinginit.7．（2022春·四川成都·高一?？计谀_______(aware)thatthemushroomswerepoisonous,shepickedsomefordinner,whichcausedherfather’sdeath.8．（2022春·黑龍江雙鴨山·高一雙鴨山一中?？计谀㎝iketoldmethathe________(visit)theDisneylandthenextday.9．（2022春·黑龍江牡丹江·高一牡丹江市第二高級中學(xué)校考期末）Travel______(broad)yourmindandleavesyougoodmemories.10．（2022春·山東濟寧·高一統(tǒng)考期末）Thoughnolife________(confirm)onMarssofar,scientistsarehopefulit’sjusthiding.三、單項選擇1．（2023秋·廣東深圳·高一統(tǒng)考期末）Thefamousscientistsaidthatshe______tohermotherlandsoon.A．hadreturned B．hasreturned C．wouldreturn D．willreturn2．（2023秋·上?！じ咭粡?fù)旦附中?？计谀㏒ilencemaybeviewedbysomeculturalgroupsasextremelyuncomfortable;thereforemaybemadetofilleverygapwithconversation.A．a(chǎn)pproach B．a(chǎn)djustment C．a(chǎn)ccomplishment D．a(chǎn)ttempt3．（2023秋·廣東深圳·高一統(tǒng)考期末）Theoldmanwasveryhappywhenhe______bythelovelykids.A．issurrounded B．wassurrounded C．wouldbesurrounded D．hadsurrounded4．（2022春·北京·高一北京師大附中?？计谀㏕oleadagreenlife,remembernottoleavethelightonwhenyougoout.Additionally,LEDlightscanbeabetterchoiceasthey________verylesspower.A．consume B．a(chǎn)ssume C．resolve D．converse5．（2022春·北京·高一北京師大附中?？计谀〢llentrancestothenationalparkare________closedduetothedangerousfloodingcausedbytherecentheavyrain.A．a(chǎn)nnually B．gradually C．initially D．temporarily6．（2022春·黑龍江哈爾濱·高一哈爾濱三中?？计谀㊣ncomputing,ifyou______afiletoamessagethatyousendtosomeone,yousenditwiththemessage.A．tie B．relate C．connect D．a(chǎn)ttach7．（2022春·廣東江門·高一統(tǒng)考期末）Johntoldhismotherhe________itout