專升本英語（閱讀理解）模擬試卷15

專升本英語（閱讀理解）模擬試卷15

一、閱讀理解（本題共25題，每題7.0分，共25分。）

Foxesandfarmershavenevergotonwell.Thesesmalldog-likeanimalshavelongbeen

accusedofkillingfarmanimals.Theyareofficiallyclassifiedasharmfulandfarmerstry

tokeeptheirnumbersdownbyshootingorpoisoningthem.Farmerscanalsocallonthe

servicesoftheirlocalhunttocontrolthefoxpopulation.Huntingconsistsofpursuinga

foxacrossthecountryside,withagroupofspeciallytraineddogs,followedbymenand

womenridinghorses.Whenthedogseventuallycatchthefoxtheykillitorahunter

shootsit.Peoplewhotakepartinhuntingthinkofitasasport;theywearaspecial

uniformofredcoatsandwhitetrousers,andfollowstrictcodesofbehavior.Butowning

ahorseandhuntingregularlyisexpensive,somosthuntersarcwealthy.Itisestimated

thatupto100,000peoplewatchortakepartinfoxhunting.Butoverthelastcoupleof

decadesthenumberofpeopleopposedtofoxhunting,becausetheythinkitisbrutal（殘

酷的）,hasrisensharply.Nowadaysitisrareforahunttopassoffwithoutsomekindof

confrontationbetweenhuntersandhuntsaboieurs（阻攔者）.Sometimestheseincidents

leadtoviolence,butmostlysaboteursinterferewiththehuntbymisleadingridersand

disturbingthetrailofthefox'ssmell,whichthedogsfollow.Noisyconfrontations

betweenhuntersandsaboteurshavebecomesocommonthattheyarealmostasmucha

partofhuntingasthepursuitoffoxesitself.Butthisyearsupportersoffoxhuntingfacea

muchbiggerthreattotheirsport.ALaborPartyMemberoftheParliament,MikeFoster,

istryingtogetParliamenttoapproveanewlaw,whichwillmakethehuntingofwild

animalswithdogsillegal.Ifthelawispassed,wildanimalslikefoxeswillbeprotected

underthebaninBritain.

1、RichpeopleinBritainhavebeenhuntingfbxes.

A、fbrrecreation

B、intheinterestsofthefanners

C^tolimitthefoxpopulation

D、toshowoftheirwealth

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：從文章第三段首句：“Peoplewhotakepartinhuntingthinkofitasa

sport”可以判斷，英國人獵狐是作為一種娛樂運(yùn)動(dòng)和消遣。因此答案為A。

2、WhatisspecialaboutfoxhuntinginBritain?

A、Itinvolvestheuseofadeadlypoison.

B、Itisacostlyeventthatrarelyoccurs.

C、Thehuntershavesetrulestofollow.

D、Thehuntershavetogothroughstricttraining.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:從文章第三段中：”…andfbllowstrictcodesofbehavior…”可知,英國

人捕獵狐貍是有嚴(yán)格規(guī)定的，因此正確答案為C。文章第一段雖然提到“…or

poisoningthem"，但“下毒”不屬于獵狐的范疇，所以A不對。

3、Foxhuntingopponentsofteninterfereinthegame.

A、byresortingtoviolence

B、byconfusingthefoxhunters

C、bytakinglegalaction

D^bydemonstratingonthescene

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：從文章第四段最后一句：”…interferewiththehuntbymisleadingriders

anddisturbingthetrailofthefox'ssmell”可知，反對狩獵者通過誤導(dǎo)獵狐人或破壞狐

貍留下的氣味來干擾打獵。因此正確答案為B。

4、AnewlawmaybepassedbytheBritishParliamentto.

A、prohibitfarmersfromhuntingfoxes

B、forbidhuntingwildanimalswithdogs

C、stophuntingfoxesinthecountryside

D、preventlarge-scalefoxhunting

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)文章最后一句：”…anewlawwhichwillmakehuntingofwild

animalswithdogsillegal”，說明法律禁止帶狗狩獵。故選B。

5、Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.

A、killingfoxeswithpoisonisillegal

B、limitingthefoxpopulationisunnecessary

C、huntingfoxeswithdogsisconsideredcruelandviolent

D、fox-huntingoftenleadstoconfrontationbetweenthepoorandtherich

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：文章倒數(shù)第二段敘述了帶狗狩獵被禁止的原因：“…becausetheythink

itisbrutal",可以判斷帶狗狩獵被認(rèn)為是一種很殘酷的行為。因此正確答案為C。

Cultureisthesumtotalofallthetraditions,customs,beliefsandwaysoflifeofagiven

groupofhumanbeings.Inthissense,everygrouphasaculture,howeversavage,

underdeveloped,oruncivilizeditmayseemtous.Totheprofessionalanthropologist,

thereisnoinlrinsic（內(nèi)在的）superiorityofonecultureoveranother;justastothe

professionallinguistthereisnointrinsichierarchy（等級制）amonglanguages.People

oncethoughtofthelanguagesofbackwardgroupsassavage,underdevelopedformsof

speechingeneralbeganasaseriesofgruntsandgroans,itisafactestablishedbythe

studyof"backward"languagesthatnospokentongueanswersthatdescriptiontoday.

Mostlanguagesofuncivilizedgroupsarc,byourmostseverestandards,extremely

complex,delicate,andingeniouspiecesofmachineryforthetransferofideas.Theyfall

behindourwesternlanguagesnotintheirsoundpatternsorgrammaticalstructures,

whichusuallyarefullyadequateforalllanguageneeds,butonlyintheirvocabularies,

whichreflecttheobjectsandactivitiesknowntotheirspeakers.Eveninthisdepartment,

however,twothingsaretobenoted:1.Alllanguagesseemtopossessthemachineryof

vocabularyexpansioneitherbyputtingtogetherwordsalreadyinexistenceorby

borrowingthemfromotherlanguagesandadaptingthemtotheirownsystem.2.The

objectsandactivitiesrequiringnamesanddistinctionsin"backward"languages,while

differentfromours,areoftensurprisinglynumerousandcomplicated.Awestern

languagedistinguishesmerelybetweentwodegreesofremoteness"this1'and"that";

somelanguagesoftheAmericanIndiansdistinguishbetweenwhatisclosetothespeaker,

ortothepersonaddressed,orremovedfromboth,oroutofsight,orinthepast,orinthe

future.Thisstudyoflanguage,inturn,castsanewlightupontheclaimofthe

anthropologiststhatallculturesaretobeviewedindependently,andwithoutideasofrank

orhierarchy.

6、Thelanguagesofuncivilizedgroupsascomparedtowesternlanguagesarelimited

in.

A^soundpatterns

B、grammaticalstructures

C、vocabulary

D、bothBandC

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：由第三段中間一句："Theyfallbehindourwesternlanguagesnot

in...butintheirvocabularies…”可知,未開化的部落的語言跟西方語言相比，其真正

落后的一面不是在發(fā)音方式或語法結(jié)構(gòu)上，而是在詞匯方面。因此C為正確答

案。

7、Theauthorsaysthatgrunt-and-groanformsofspeecharefound.

A、nowheretoday

B、amongtheAustralianaborigines

C、amongeasterncultures

D>amongpeoplespeaking"backward"languages

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：由第三段的第一句：”…studyof'backward'languagesthatnospoken

tongueanswersthatdescriptiontoday”可知，只會(huì)發(fā)哼哼聲或呻吟聲的語言如今已不

復(fù)存在。故選A。

8、Accordingtotheauthor,languages,whethercivilizedornot,have.

ANthepotentialforexpandingvocabulary

B、theirownsoundpatterns

C、anabilitytotransferideas

D^grammaticalstructures

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：由第三段中："Alllanguagesseemtopossessthemachineryof

vocabularyexpansion”可知，任何語言都有擴(kuò)大詞匯的能力。因此A為正確答案。

9、Theauthorsaysthatproiessionallinguistsrecognizethat.

A^westernlanguagesaresuperiortoeasternlanguages

B、alllanguagescomefromgruntsandgroans

C、thehierarchyoflanguagesisdifficulttounderstand

D、thereisnohierarchyoflanguages

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:從第二段的后半句：”…justastotheprofessionallinguistthereisno

intrinsichierarchyamonglanguages”可知，專業(yè)語言學(xué)家認(rèn)為語言之間無等級之分。

故選D。

10、Whichofthefollowingisimpliedinthepassage?

A^Thestudyoflanguageshasdiscreditedanthropologicalstudies.

B、Thestudyoflanguageshasreinforcedanthropologistsintheirviewthatthereisno

hierarchyamongcultures.

C^Thestudyoflanguagesisthesameasthestudyofanthropologists.

D、Thestudyoflanguagescastsanewlightupontheclaimofanthropologists.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：通讀全文尤其是最后一段：”…allcuhuresaretobeviewed

independently,andwithoutideasofrankorhierarchy''可知，文章主要是為了闡明語

言學(xué)家對語言沒有等級之分的研究，其目的是為了進(jìn)一步闡述人類學(xué)家的觀點(diǎn)，即

不同文化之間無等級之分。因此正確答案為B。

UnlikethecarefullyweighedandplannedcompositionsofDante,Goethe1swritings

alwayshaveasenseofimmediacyandenthusiasm.Hewasaconstantexperimenterwith

life,withideasandwithformsofwriting.Forthesamereason,hisworksseldomhave

thequalitiesoffinishorformalbeautywhichdistinguishthemasterpiecesofDanteand

Virgil.Hecametolovethebeautiesofclassicism,butitwasneveranessentialpartofhis

make-up.Instead,theurgencyofthemoment,thespiritofthething,guidedhispen.Asa

result,nearlyallhisworkshaveseriousflawofstructure,ofinconsistencies,ofexcesses

andredundanciesandextremities.Inalargesense,Goetherepresentsthefullest

developmentoftheromanticism.Ithasbeenarguedthatheshouldnotbesodesignated

becausehesoclearlymaturedandoutgrewthekindofromanticismexhibitedby

Wordsworth,Shelley,andKeats.ShelleyandKeatsdiedyoung;Wordsworthlived

narrowlyandabandonedhisearlyattitudes.Incontrast.Goethelivedabundantlyand

developedhisfaithinthespirit,hisunderstandingofnatureandhumannature,andhis

relianceonfeelingsasman'sessentialmotivatingiorce.Theresultwasanall-

encompassingvisionofrealityandaphilosophyoflifebroaderanddeeperthanthe

partialvisionsandattitudesofotherromanticists.Yet【hespiritofyouthfulness,〔he

impatiencewithclosereasoningor"logicchopping",andthecontinuedfaithinnature

remainedhistotheendJogetherwithanoccasionalwaywardnessandimpulsivenessand

adisregardofartisticorlogicalDropricty,whichsavorstionglyofromantic

individualism.Sincesomanytwentiethcenturythoughtsandattitudesarcsimilarlybased

onthestimulusoftheRomanticMovement.Goethestandsasparticularlythepoetofthe

modernmanasDantestoodformedievalmanandasShakespeareforthemanofthe

Renaissance.

11、Thetitlethatbestexpressestheideasofthispassageis.

A、GoetheandDante

B、TheCharacteristicsofRomanticism

C、Goethe,theRomanticist

D、Goethe'sAbundantLife

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：c

知識(shí)點(diǎn)露析：文章通過分析歌德詩歌的藝術(shù)特點(diǎn)來說明他是浪漫主義詩人的代表

(Romanticist)oC項(xiàng)正合題意。

12、Goethe5sworkshov/salackof.

A^avisionofreality

B、repetitions

C、formalpolish

D、knowledgeofShakespeare

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)第一段末尾：“Asaresult,nearlyallhisworkshaveseriousflawof

structure,ofinconsistency,ofexcessesandredundanciesandextemalities”可矢H,歌德

的詩歌在結(jié)構(gòu)、連貫性方面存在缺陷，并且過于冗長，因此他的詩歌缺乏規(guī)范的修

飾。故正確答案為C。

13、AcharacteristicofromanticismNOTmentionedinthispassageis.

A、interestinnature

B、modernityofideas

C^youthfulattitude

D^simplicityoflanguage

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)第二段對浪漫主義詩歌特點(diǎn)的描述可知，D項(xiàng)中“語言的簡潔”沒

有被提及，因此D為正確答案。A項(xiàng)中“對自然的興趣”，B項(xiàng)中“觀點(diǎn)的現(xiàn)代性”，

C項(xiàng)中“年輕的精神”均在文章中提到。

14、Goetheiscalledthepoetofthemodernmanbecause.

A、hedevelopedhisfaith

helivedlongerthanShelleyandKeats

C^hepresentsmanytwentieth-centuryideas

D^hisworkhasseriousflaws

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：原文第二段倒數(shù)第二句：”...sincesomanytwentiethcenturythoughts

andattitudesaresimilarlybasedonthestimulus.Romantic：Movement,Gotte

Stands,asparticularlythemodernman...”,因?yàn)槎兰o(jì)的思想和態(tài)度是建立在以

歌德為代表的浪漫主義的基礎(chǔ)上，所以歌德也被看做是現(xiàn)代人。因此正確答案為

Co

15、Accordingtothispassage,Goethe.

A、stimulatedmanymodernideas

B、dislikedDanteandVirgil

C、shouldbecalledaclassicist

D、wasillogical

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)文章最后內(nèi)容可推斷，很多現(xiàn)代的思想觀點(diǎn)都是在以歌德為代表

的浪漫主義運(yùn)動(dòng)的刺激下產(chǎn)生的，也就是說在某種程度上，是歌德促進(jìn)了這些現(xiàn)代

思想的產(chǎn)生。因此A為正確答案。

Veniceissuchastrangecity.ItisbuiltonanItalianlagoonintheAdriaticSea.Ithas

canalsinsteadofroads,whichmeanstherearenocarsorbuses,notramsortrainsor

bicyclesrunningpastus.Bestofall,youcouldwalkorjumporplayhide-and-scckonits

cobbledstreetsoritscountlessbridgeswheneveryouchooseto.DailylifeinVenice

skimsoveritswaterways.especiallythesweepingdoublecurveoftheGrandCanaland

the180smallerwaterpassagesthatrunthroughthe118islandsthatmakeupthecity.For

generations,linyboatyardshavebuilttheselopsidedboats,withonesidecurvingfurther

outwardsthantheother.Why?Tobalancetheweightoftheoarsmanattheendofthe

boat.ThisItaliancityisknownforitsfestivals,especiallythepopularten-dayCarnivalin

April.Children,teenagersandadultsdressinspecialcostumes,unusualstockingsand

shoes,thendomasksbeforetheytakepartinthiscelebration.It'sdifficulttomakeout

whoisbehindeachmask,butit'seasytomakefriendsduringthisconstantpartyinthe

streets.Whatfun!Onotheroccasions,Venetianscelebratewitharegattaorboatrace.

ThecitylovestheVogalonga,onthefirstSundayofMay,bestofall.Thafswhenanyone

whocanrowwithoarsiswelcometojointheotherboatsonthegreatGrandCanal,

especiallyinfancydress.Imaginethesight!Veniceisanunusualcity,butitisfacingan

unusualthreat.It'ssinking.Sinceit'sbuiltonalagoon,theweightofthecityonthesilt

beneathitthreatensitslife."Venicetodayissinkingthreetimesasfastasbefore,at

300mmpercentury,"explainsanenvironmentalist.Wefeelsadaboutthethoughtthat

beautifulVenice,withitssplendidchurches,itscollectionsofartanditshappyspirit,

maybeburiedundertheseasomeday.MaytheLionofSt.Mark,thesymbolofVenice,

neverfacethatday.

16>Thistextmainlytalksabout.

A、theboatsofVenice

avoyageinVenice

C、abriefintroductiontoVenice

D、ihereasonofVenice'ssinking

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：c-

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：通讀全文可知全篇都在講述和介紹威尼斯這個(gè)城市，故選C。

17、TheboatsinVenicearedesignedwithonesidecurvingfurtheroutwardsthanthe

otherbecause.

A^theVenetianswantedtomakethemspecial

B、itwillbeeasiertokeepthebalance

C、itisdesignedfortheoarsmanwhoisover-weightedontheboat

D、thereare180smallerwaterpassagesthatrunthroughthe118islands

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B'」

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：由第三段最后一句可知船造成這樣是為了起到平衡作用，故選B。

18、WhaidoweknowaboutfestivalsinVenice?

A、ThefestivalsarebasedonthestrangeItalianlagoon.

TheresidentswillmakemasksduringtheCarnival.

C、Festivalsareheldforpeopletomakefriends.

D、PeoplecanhaveaboatraceduringtheVogalongainApril.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：由第四段第二句話可知道威尼斯的人們在十天的狂歡節(jié)中除了穿著打

扮要更新，還要制作面具。故選B。

19、Accordingtothistext,thesinkingofVeniceisbecauseof.

A、thepollutioninthecity

B、collapseofthesiltbeneaththecity

C^theindustryofthiscity

D^somanycanalsthere

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：由文章倒數(shù)第二段第三句話可以很快找到答案。

20、Wheredoyouthinkthistextcomesfrom?

A、Amagazinefortravelers.

Anadvertisementfromatravelagency.

C、Ascientificmagazine.

D、AmagazinefbrVenicemerchants.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：文章介紹威尼斯的概況，可判斷應(yīng)出現(xiàn)在旅游雜志上。

UnlikethecarefullyweighedandplannedcompositionsofDante,Goethe'swritings

alwayshaveasenseofimmediacyandenthusiasm.Hewasaconstantexperimenterwith

life,withideasandwithformsofwriting.Forthesamereason,hisworksseldomhave

thequalitiesoffinishorformalbeautywhichdistinguishthemasterpiecesofDanteand

Virgil.Hecametolovethebeautiesofclassicism,butitwasneveranessentialpartofhis

make-up.Instead,theurgencyofthemoment,thespiritofthething,guidedhispen.Asa

result,nearlyallhisworkshaveseriousflawofstructure,ofinconsistencies,ofexcesses

andredundanciesandextremities.Inalargesense,Goetherepresentsthefullest

developmentoftheromanticism.Ithasbeenarguedthatheshouldnotbesodesigna:ed

becausehesoclearlymaturedandoutgrewthekindofromanticismexhibitedby

Wordsworth,Shelley,andKeats.ShelleyandKeatsdiedyoung;Wordsworthlived

narrowlyandabandonedhisearlyattitudes.Incontrast.Goethelivedabundantlyand

developedhisfaithinthespirit,hisunderstandingofnatureandhumannature,andhis

relianceonfeelingsasman'sessentialmotivatingforce.Theresultwasanall-

encompassingvisionofrealityandaphilosophyoflifebroaderanddeeperthanthe

partialvisionsandattitudesofotherromanticists.Yetthespiritofyouthfulness,the

impatiencewithclosereasoningor"logicchopping",andthecontinuedfaithinnature

remainedhistotheend,togetherwithanoccasionalwaywardnessandimpulsivenessand

adisregardofartisticorlogicalpropriety,whichsavorstronglyofromantic

individualism.Sincesomanytwentiethcenturythoughtsandattitudesaresim