2025屆河南省許平汝名校高三二模英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試題PAGEPAGE1河南省許平汝名校2025屆高三二模英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFAOInternationalDayofForestPhotoContestFAO,whichstandsforTheFoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNations,isaspecializedagencyoftheUnitedNationsthatleadsinternationaleffortstodefeathungerandimprovenutritionandfoodsecurity.TocelebratetheInternationalDayofForestson21March,theagencyisaskingyoutosubmitphotosthathighlighthowforestscontributetofoodsecurityandnutrition.Whetherit’sawildfooddish,wildfoodharvestingintheforestsoratreethatbearsthefruitsandnutsthatnourish(養(yǎng)育)us—sendussuchapicture!Entrieswillbejudgedfororiginality,relevancetothetheme,artisticvalueandcommunicationpotentialofthephoto.Categories●Children(Entrantsaged6to14yearsold)●Youth(Entrantsaged15to24yearsold)●Adults(Entrantsovertheageof24yearsold)PrizeThefivewinningimages—tobeannouncedonMarch21—willbesharedacrossFAO’ssocialmediachannelsandwillgoondisplayaspartofaphotographyexhibitionatFAOHQinRome.We’llalsosendthewinnersacollectionofFAOmerchandise(指定商品)includinganFAOwaterbottle,backpackandKeepCup!HowtoEnter?Toenterthecontest,justfollowthesethreesteps:●Takeaphotoofanimagethatisconnectedtotrees,forestsandfood.●Fillintheonlineentryformandtelluswhatyourphotoshowsandwhyyou’vechosenthatparticularimage.●Don’tforgettopostyourphotoonsocialmediausingtheInternationalForestDayhashtag:#ForestDay.●Interestedparticipantssubmitviathislink/competitions●ThelastdateofsubmissionisMarch12.OtherInformation●Eachparticipantcansubmituptothreeentries.●Anyphoto,aslongasithasnotwonanyprizes,isallowedtoenterthiscontest.1.Whatisthepurposeofthecontest?A.Tohelprealizetheimportanceofforests. B.Todrawattentiontoenvironmentalissues.C.Toprovidefoodforpeopleinneed. D.Toseekcreativeartistscrazyaboutnature.2.Whatwillhappentothewinnersofthecontest?A.They’llgotoRomeforfree. B.They’llbeawardedlotsofmoney.C.They’llreceivephysicalrewards. D.They’llappearonmanysocialmedia.3.Whataretheparticipantsofthecontestrequiredtodo?A.Bemorethantwenty-fouryearsold. B.Explaintheirworks’implications.C.HandintheirworksonMarch21. D.Prepareatleastthreeworksatatime.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了國際森林日攝影大賽的相關(guān)事項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“TocelebratetheInternationalDayofForestson21March,theagencyisaskingyoutosubmitphotosthathighlighthowforestscontributetofoodsecurityandnutrition.(為了慶祝3月21日的國際森林日，該機(jī)構(gòu)要求您提交照片，突出森林如何為糧食安全和營養(yǎng)做出貢獻(xiàn))”可知，國際森林日攝影大賽的目的是為了幫助人們認(rèn)識到森林的重要性。故選A。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Prize部分“We’llalsosendthewinnersacollectionofFAOmerchandise(指定商品)includinganFAOwaterbottle,backpackandKeepCup!(我們還將向獲獎?wù)甙l(fā)送一系列糧農(nóng)組織商品，包括一個糧農(nóng)組織水瓶、背包和KeepCup！)”可知，國際森林日攝影大賽的獲獎?wù)邥@得一些物質(zhì)獎勵。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HowtoEnter?部分“Fillintheonlineentryformandtelluswhatyourphotoshowsandwhyyou’vechosenthatparticularimage.(填寫在線報(bào)名表，告訴我們你的照片顯示了什么，以及你為什么選擇這個特定的圖像)”可知，國際森林日攝影大賽的參與者需要解釋作品的隱含意義。故選B。BAstheshippulledaway,Iconsideredwhatwouldliebeforeme:thedarkeningcalmoftheBeagleChannel,thescarywavesoftheDrakePassage,andthenglittering(閃閃發(fā)光的)Antarctica.Thiswasajourneysparked(觸發(fā))byaschoolgeographyproject20yearsago.Cuttingoutmagazinephotographsofpenguinsandwhalestostickonmy“AllAboutAntarctica”poster,Ifeltsomethingburninsideme.I’dimaginedsun-carvedvasticebergs,withpenguinsplayingthere—itwasanecologicalheaven,freefromhumandisturbance.Iwasontheship,travelingsouthandgoingaboutmynewnovel—TheEdgeofSolitude.IttellsthestoryofIvy—a75-year-oldenvironmentalactivist.Desperatetoregainherreputation,sheoffersherservicestoabillionaire’sAntarcticconservationproject.Likemine,Ivy’sjourneybeginsinUshuaiaatthetipofArgentina.ButasIvyjourneysfurthersouth,shemustwrestlewithherambitionandwhatsheowesthenaturalworldaroundher.Likeme,Ivyencountersthestillblackwaterwithoilyicesuspendedbelowitssurface,andthecracks(爆裂聲)ofglaciersmovingtotheshore.Antarcticaisfarfromanuntouchedheaven.MyfinallandingwasonDeceptionIsland—anaturalport,inthemorningwiththickfog.Alongtheblack-sandbeach,Ifollowedthreepenguinswanderingalongtheshore.Fromtheblanketingwhite,structuresemerged:toweringboilersandvasttanksforstoringblubber(鯨脂)—signsofthewhalingindustrythatexistedthereinthefirsthalfofthe20thcentury.WhileIwasamazedbythesightofpenguincolonies,it’sthehumanaspectofAntarctica—humanambitionandhumanmistakes—thatmakesforinterestingfiction.Antarcticawillalwaysfeeladventurous—theappealoftheseaandthedramaoftheice—butit’salsoaplaceforwrestlingwiththemistakesofthepast,andforweighingourownhumandesiresalongsideourcapacityofmanagement.OnDeceptionIslandasinthebook,Antarcticaisaplacewhereeverythingfeelsindanger.4.WhatinitiallymadetheauthordesiretogotoAntarctica?A.AchildhoodvisittoDeceptionIsland. B.Aproposalfromanenvironmentalactivist.C.Aschoolgeographyproject. D.Amagazineaboutattractivepenguins.5.HowdidtheauthormostprobablyfeelatthefirstsightofAntarctica?A.Excited. B.Disappointed. C.Satisfied. D.Scared.6.WhatdidtheauthorseeonDeceptionIsland?A.Tanksofthewhalingindustry. B.Remainsofsomewhiteblankets.C.Abandonedtowersfromthe1960s. D.Touristcompaniesnearthebeach.7.Inwhichsectionofanewspaperdoesthistextmostprobablyappear?A.Economics. B.Science. C.Health. D.Culture.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。作者從小就向往南極洲，但作者南極洲之旅時看到的景象如同她在旅行時創(chuàng)作的新書《孤獨(dú)的邊緣》中描述的一樣，令人深思?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thiswasajourneysparked(觸發(fā))byaschoolgeographyproject20yearsago.(這是20年前學(xué)校地理項(xiàng)目觸發(fā)的一次旅行)”可知，20年前學(xué)校的一個地理項(xiàng)目激發(fā)了作者對南極洲的向往。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“I’dimaginedsun-carvedvasticebergs,withpenguinsplayingthere—itwasanecologicalheaven,freefromhumandisturbance.(我曾想象過被太陽雕刻的巨大冰山，企鵝在那里玩?！@是一個沒有人為干擾的生態(tài)天堂)”以及第三段“Likeme,Ivyencountersthestillblackwaterwithoilyicesuspendedbelowitssurface,andthecracks(爆裂聲)ofglaciersmovingtotheshore.Antareticaisfarfromanuntouchedheaven.(像我一樣，Ivy遇到了表面下懸浮著油冰的靜止的黑水，以及向岸邊移動的冰川爆裂聲。南極洲遠(yuǎn)非一個未受影響的天堂)”可推斷，作者原本想象南極洲是一個沒有人類干擾的生態(tài)天堂，但實(shí)際發(fā)現(xiàn)南極洲遠(yuǎn)非如此，所以作者最可能會感到失望。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Fromtheblanketingwhite,structuresemerged:toweringboilersandvasttanksforstoringblubber(鯨脂)—signsofthewhalingindustrythatexistedthereinthefirsthalfofthe20thcentury.(從覆蓋的白色中，出現(xiàn)了各種結(jié)構(gòu)：高聳的鍋爐和巨大的鯨脂儲存罐——這是20世紀(jì)上半葉捕鯨業(yè)存在的標(biāo)志)”可知，作者在DeceptionIsland看到了用于存儲鯨脂的容器。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Iwasontheship,travelingsouthandgoingaboutmynewnovel—TheEdgeofSolitude.(我在船上，向南旅行，開始寫我的新小說《孤獨(dú)的邊緣》)”以及文章內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了作者南極洲之旅見到的景象以及她的新書《孤獨(dú)的邊緣》的創(chuàng)作之路，故本文最有可能出自報(bào)紙的“文化”版塊。故選D。CThenation’sbiggesttransit(交通)systemsareusingAI-enhancedcamerastokeepbuslanes(車道)clearofillegallyparkedcars.Thecompanybehindthosecamerasisastart-upcalledHaydenAI.Thecamerasareputinsidethefrontwindshield(擋風(fēng)玻璃),wheretheycantakeineverythinghappeninginfrontofthebus.“Thesystemanalyzesthoseimagestodecideifit’slookingatavehicle,”saidCharleyTerrito,thechiefgrowthofficerforHaydenAI,“andwhetherthatvehicleisstoppedsomewhereitshouldn’tbe.”Injustthreeyears,HaydenAIhaslaunchedserviceswithtransitagenciesinNewYork,Washington,D.C.,Oakland,California,andLosAngeles.ThecompanyisorganizingpilotprogramsinSeattleandDenver,andit’stalkingwithothercities,includingPhiladelphiaandChicago.ThecamerasystemsareusingAItohelptransitagenciescatchandfinedriverswhoillegallyblockbuslanesandbusstops.ButTerritosaidthat’snottheultimategoal.“Whenyoulookatthereasonforenforcement(執(zhí)行),it’sreallynottowritetickets.It’stochangedriverbehavior,”saidTerrito.“Whatwe’reseeingisareductioninthenumberofrepeatlawbreakers.”NewYork’sMetropolitanTransportationAuthority(MTA)saiditsbuseswere5%fasterontherouteswhereithadbeenusingthecameras,andthey’dbeeninvolvedin20%feweraccidents.Sotheagencymovedtoexpandtheprogramthisyearto20newbusroutes.Butthatexpansiondidn’tgoquiteasplanned,ashundredsofdriversreceivederroneoustickets.“Itwasn’tanythingtooworrisomeatfirst,becauseyourealizeyou’veparkedinalegalspot,”saidGeorgeHan,wholivesontheUpperEastSideofManhattan.Hansaidhe’scarefulaboutonlyparkinginlegalspots,sohewasastoundedwhentheticketskeptcominginthemail.TheMTAsaidabout800ticketsweremistakenlyissuedbecauseofa“programmingerror”byHaydenAI,whosaidthoseprogrammingerrorshadbeenfixed.“TheproblemsinNewYorkhadnothingtodowiththetechnology.Itwasreallyaconfiguration(配置)issue,”saidHaydenAI’sCharleyTerrito.8.WhatcanweknowabouttheAI-enhancedsysteminparagraph1?A.Thedevelopmentofit. B.Thereasonswhyitisanalyzed.C.Thedisadvantagesofit. D.Thewayinwhichitworks.9.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2?A.HaydenAIsupportsitsbranchcompanies. B.TheAI-enhancedsystemisbecomingpopular.C.Thesmartvehiclesarespreadingworldwide. D.Thetransitagenciesneedtobeimproved.10.WhatisthefinalgoalofusingAI-enhancedcamerasinTerrito’sopinion?A.Towriteticketsforlawbreakers. B.Toattractmorepassengers.C.Toencouragegooddrivinghabits. D.Toallowbusestorunfaster.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“astounded”inparagraph5mean?A.Shocked. B.Embarrassed. C.Proud. D.Grateful.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了AI增強(qiáng)攝像頭在交通系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用及其影響。【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thecamerasareputinsidethefrontwindshield(擋風(fēng)玻璃),wheretheycantakeineverythinghappeninginfrontofthebus.‘Thesystemanalyzesthoseimagestodecideifit’slookingatavehicle,’saidCharleyTerrito,thechiefgrowthofficerforHaydenAI,‘a(chǎn)ndwhetherthatvehicleisstoppedsomewhereitshouldn’tbe.’(攝像頭被安裝在汽車前擋風(fēng)玻璃內(nèi)，可以拍攝到公交車前發(fā)生的一切。HaydenAI的首席增長官CharleyTerrito說：‘該系統(tǒng)會分析這些圖像，以判斷它看到的是否是一輛車，以及這輛車是否停在了不該停的地方?！?”可知，第一段介紹了AI增強(qiáng)系統(tǒng)的工作方式。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Injustthreeyears,HaydenAIhaslaunchedserviceswithtransitagenciesinNewYork,Washington,D.C.,Oakland,California,andLosAngeles.ThecompanyisorganizingpilotprogramsinSeattleandDenver,andit’stalkingwithothercities,includingPhiladelphiaandChicago.(僅僅三年時間，HaydenAI就已經(jīng)與紐約、華盛頓特區(qū)、加利福尼亞州奧克蘭和洛杉磯的交通機(jī)構(gòu)開展了服務(wù)。該公司正在西雅圖和丹佛組織試點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目，并正在與其他城市（包括費(fèi)城和芝加哥）進(jìn)行洽談。)”可知，HaydenAI的AI增強(qiáng)系統(tǒng)正在多個城市推廣使用，由此可推斷出該系統(tǒng)越來越受歡迎。故選B。【10題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“ButTerritosaidthat’snottheultimategoal.‘Whenyoulookatthereasonforenforcement(執(zhí)行),it’sreallynottowritetickets.It’stochangedriverbehavior,’saidTerrito.‘Whatwe’reseeingisareductioninthenumberofrepeatlawbreakers.’(但Territo表示，這不是最終目標(biāo)。Territo說：‘當(dāng)你審視執(zhí)法的原因時，真正目的不是開罰單，而是改變司機(jī)的行為?！覀兛吹降氖牵貜?fù)違法的人數(shù)在減少。’)”可知，在Territo看來，使用AI增強(qiáng)攝像頭的最終目標(biāo)是鼓勵良好的駕駛習(xí)慣。故選C?！?1題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第五段“Butthatexpansiondidn’tgoquiteasplanned,ashundredsofdriversreceivederroneoustickets.‘Itwasn’tanythingtooworrisomeatfirst,becauseyourealizeyou’veparkedinalegalspot,’saidGeorgeHan,wholivesontheUpperEastSideofManhattan.Hansaidhe’scarefulaboutonlyparkinginlegalspots,sohewasastoundedwhentheticketskeptcominginthemail.(但擴(kuò)張并沒有按計(jì)劃進(jìn)行，數(shù)百名司機(jī)收到了錯誤的罰單。住在曼哈頓上東區(qū)的GeorgeHan說：‘一開始這沒什么好擔(dān)心的，因?yàn)槟阒雷约喊衍囃Ｔ诹撕戏ǖ牡胤??！疕an表示，他非常注意只在合法地點(diǎn)停車，所以當(dāng)罰單不斷寄來時，他感到很astounded。)”可知，GeorgeHan很注意只在合法地點(diǎn)停車，所以當(dāng)罰單不斷寄來時，他感到很震驚，所以astounded意為“震驚的”，與Shocked意思相近。故選A。DTheairarounduscontainsapowerfulsolutionformakingagriculturemoresustainable.ResearchersatStanfordUniversityandKingFahdUniversityofPetroleumandMineralsinSaudiArabiahavedevelopedadevicethatcanproduceammonia(氨)—akeycomponentoffertilizer—usingwindenergy.Theapproachtheydeveloped,ifperfected,mightremovetheneedforacentury-oldmethodthatproducesammoniabycombiningnitrogenandhydrogenathighpressuresandtemperatures.Theoldermethodconsumes2%ofglobalenergyandcontributes1%ofannualcarbondioxidereleasefromitsrelianceonnaturalgas.“Thisbreakthroughallowsustousethenitrogeninourairandproduceammoniasustainably,”saidstudyseniorauthorRichardZare,professorofchemistryattheStanfordSchoolofHumanitiesandSciences.Todesigntheirdevice,theresearchersstudiedhowdifferentenvironmentalfactors,likewindspeed,saltlevels,andacidityaffectammoniaproduction,andalsolookedathowthesizeofwaterdroplets,theconcentrationofthesolution,andthecontactofwaterwithmaterialsthatdon’treactwithwaterimpacttheprocess.Lastly,theytestedthebestmixofironoxideandanacidpolymertodeterminetheidealconditionsforproducingammonia.TheStanfordteam’sprocessappliesthesurroundingairtogetnitrogenandhydrogenfromwatervapor(蒸氣).Bypassingairthroughamesh(網(wǎng)格)coatedwithchemicalstofacilitatethenecessaryreaction,theresearchersproducedenoughammoniawithasufficientlyhighconcentrationtoserveasahydroponicfertilizeringreenhousesettings.Unliketraditionalmethods,thenewtechniqueoperatesatroomtemperatureandstandardatmosphericpressure.Inlaboratoryexperiments,theteamdemonstratedfurtherpotentialbyrecyclingwater,achievingammoniaconcentrationssufficienttofertilizeplantsgrowninagreenhouseafterjusttwohours.Thedeviceis2-3yearsawayfrombeingmarket-ready,accordingtostudyco-authorChanbashaBasheerofKingFahdUniversityofPetroleumandMinerals.Meanwhile,theresearchersplantouseincreasinglylargemeshsystemstoproducemoreammonia.“There’smuchroomtodevelopthis,”Basheersaid.12.Whatisthesignificanceofthenewammoniaproductionmethod?A.Itrequireshighpressures. B.Itleadstousinglessfertilizer.C.Itemploysfuelsextensively. D.Itreducesenvironmentalimpacts.13.Whatdoesparagraph3talkabout?A.Waysoftestingtheamountofammonia. B.Thecomplexityoftheproductionapproach.C.Thepreparationsfordesigningthedevice. D.Examplesofwaterreactionwithmaterials.14.Howdoesthenewdeviceproduceammonia?A.Byapplyingnaturalgastoachievehightemperatures. B.Byusingwindenergytodrawairthroughamesh.C.Bychangingthepressureintheatmosphere. D.Byburningfuelstocreatealotofenergy.15.WhatdidBasheersayaboutthedevice?A.Ithasapromisingfuture. B.Itisself-powered.C.Itbarelybenefitsagriculture. D.Ithasbeenonthemarket.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。斯坦福大學(xué)研究人員研發(fā)的新設(shè)備能從稀薄的空氣中生產(chǎn)關(guān)鍵的肥料成分——氨，這項(xiàng)創(chuàng)新可能會改變作物的施肥方式，從而減少碳排放。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“ResearchersatStanfordUniversityandKingFahdUniversityofPetroleumandMineralsinSaudiArabiahavedevelopedadevicethatcanproduceammonia(氨)—akeycomponentoffertilizer—usingwindenergy.Theapproachtheydeveloped,ifperfected,mightremovetheneedforacentury-oldmethodthatproducesammoniabycombiningnitrogenandhydrogenathighpressuresandtemperatures.Theoldermethodconsumes2%ofglobalenergyandcontributes1%ofannualcarbondioxidereleasefromitsrelianceonnaturalgas.(斯坦福大學(xué)和沙特阿拉伯法赫德國王石油與礦產(chǎn)大學(xué)的研究人員開發(fā)了一種利用風(fēng)能生產(chǎn)氨（肥料的關(guān)鍵成分）的裝置。他們開發(fā)的方法如果完善，可能會消除對一種有百年歷史的在高壓高溫下將氮和氫結(jié)合生產(chǎn)氨的方法的需求。舊的方法消耗全球2%的能源，并且由于其對天然氣的依賴，在每年的二氧化碳排放中占比1%)”可知，舊方法耗能高且產(chǎn)生二氧化碳排放，新的生產(chǎn)氨的方法如果完善可以取代舊方法，新方法可以減少對環(huán)境的影響。故選D。【13題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Todesigntheirdevice,theresearchersstudiedhowdifferentenvironmentalfactors,likewindspeed,saltlevels,andacidityaffectammoniaproduction,andalsolookedathowthesizeofwaterdroplets,theconcentrationofthesolution,andthecontactofwaterwithmaterialsthatdon’treactwithwaterimpacttheprocess.Lastly,theytestedthebestmixofironoxideandanacidpolymertodeterminetheidealconditionsforproducingammonia.(為了設(shè)計(jì)他們的裝置，研究人員研究了不同的環(huán)境因素，如風(fēng)速、鹽度和酸度如何影響氨的生產(chǎn)，還研究了水滴的大小、溶液的濃度以及水與不與水發(fā)生反應(yīng)的材料的接觸如何影響這個過程。最后，他們測試了氧化鐵和一種酸性聚合物的最佳混合比例，以確定生產(chǎn)氨的理想條件)”可知，本段主要講的是研究人員設(shè)計(jì)這個裝置所做的一些準(zhǔn)備工作，包括研究各種影響因素和測試材料混合比例等。故選C?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“TheStanfordteam’sprocessappliesthesurroundingairtogetnitrogenandhydrogenfromwatervapor(蒸氣).Bypassingairthroughamesh(網(wǎng)格)coatedwithchemicalstofacilitatethenecessaryreaction,theresearchersproducedenoughammoniawithasufficientlyhighconcentrationtoserveasahydroponicfertilizeringreenhousesettings.(斯坦福大學(xué)團(tuán)隊(duì)的過程是利用周圍的空氣從水蒸氣中獲取氮和氫。通過讓空氣穿過涂有化學(xué)物質(zhì)的網(wǎng)格，以促進(jìn)必要的反應(yīng)，研究人員生產(chǎn)出了足夠濃度的氨，足以在溫室環(huán)境中用作水培肥料)”可知，新裝置是利用風(fēng)能讓空氣穿過網(wǎng)格來生產(chǎn)氨的。故選B?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thedeviceis2-3yearsawayfrombeingmarket-ready,accordingtostudyco-authorChanbashaBasheerofKingFahdUniversityofPetroleumandMinerals.Meanwhile,theresearchersplantouseincreasinglylargemeshsystemstoproducemoreammonia.‘There’smuchroomtodevelopthis,’Basheersaid.(據(jù)法赫德國王石油礦產(chǎn)大學(xué)的研究合著者錢巴沙?巴希爾稱，該設(shè)備距離投入市場還有2到3年時間。與此同時，研究人員計(jì)劃使用越來越大的網(wǎng)格系統(tǒng)來生產(chǎn)更多的氨。巴希爾說：‘這個項(xiàng)目有很大的發(fā)展空間。’)”可推斷，巴希爾認(rèn)為這個裝置前景廣闊。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。It’safamiliarpictureformanyofus:Afteralongdayatwork,wefindourselvesgluedtothesofa,phoneinhand,maybeevenforhoursatatime.Whatstartsasawaytomentallyunwindorcatchuponthenewsquicklybecomeshoursspent“doomscrolling”—theactofspendinganexcessiveamountoftimeonsocialmediascrolling(滾屏)throughoverwhelminglynegativecontent.___16___Whileitmightfeellikedoomscrollinghelpsusstayinformed,researchfindsthishabitcanresultinlowermentalwell-beingandpoorerlifesatisfaction.___17___Onewaypeoplehavesuccessfullyreplacedtimeontheirphonesiswithahobbythatencouragesmindfulness,meaningfocusingourattentiononthepresentmomentandexperiencingourthoughtsandfeelingswithoutjudgment.Herearesomewaysmindfulhobbiescanhelpusbreakourdoomscrollinghabit.Theyholdpositiveattention.Whenwe’refocusedonacraft,ourhandsarebusy.___18___Creativehobbiesthatrequireattention,suchascoloring,canalsoactasa“flowactivity”,wherewefeelfullyengagedinwhatwe’redoing,thuslosinghoursdoomscrolling.___19___Doomscrollingcanleavepeoplefeelingalossofcontrol,butmindfulhobbiesprovideasenseofcontrolalongwithamazingresults,likeacolorfuldrawing.Accomplishingsomethingisconsideredoneofthecoreingredientsofpsychologicalwell-being.Theyofferasenseofbelonging.Byengaginginanewhobby,wealsojoinacommunityofpeoplewithsimilarinterests.___20___Andthissenseofbelongingislinkedtobetterwell-being.A.Afearofmissingoutiswhatdrivesmanytocontinuetheirrepetitivescroll.B.Thegoodnewsisthattherearemanywaystobreakthisbadhabit.C.Consequently,we’llbetooengagedtoreachforourphones.D.Thisopensusuptomorepositivesocialinteractions.E.Weengageinanactivitywithourfullattention.F.Theyprovideasenseofachievement.G.Theycancalmpeopledown.【答案】16.A17.B18.C19.F20.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了用愛好取代刷屏的好處。【16題詳析】由上文“Whatstartsasawaytomentallyunwindorcatchuponthenewsquicklybecomeshoursspent“doomscrolling”—theactofspendinganexcessiveamountoftimeonsocialmediascrolling(滾屏)throughoverwhelminglynegativecontent.(一開始作為一種讓精神放松或了解新聞的方式，很快就變成了數(shù)小時的“末日刷屏”——即在社交媒體上花費(fèi)過多時間滾屏瀏覽鋪天蓋地的負(fù)面內(nèi)容)”可知，上文描述了“末日刷屏”這種現(xiàn)象，A選項(xiàng)“Afearofmissingoutiswhatdrivesmanytocontinuetheirrepetitivescroll.(害怕錯過是驅(qū)使許多人繼續(xù)重復(fù)滾動的原因。)”介紹出現(xiàn)“末日刷屏”這種現(xiàn)象的原因，承接上文，符合語境。故選A?！?7題詳析】由上文“Whileitmightfeellikedoomscrollinghelpsusstayinformed,researchfindsthishabitcanresultinlowermentalwell-beingandpoorerlifesatisfaction.(雖然感覺“末日刷屏”能讓我們保持消息靈通，但研究發(fā)現(xiàn)這種習(xí)慣會導(dǎo)致心理健康水平下降和生活滿意度降低)”及下文“Onewaypeoplehavesuccessfullyreplacedtimeontheirphonesiswithahobbythatencouragesmindfulness,meaningfocusingourattentiononthepresentmomentandexperiencingourthoughtsandfeelingswithoutjudgment.(人們成功地替代手機(jī)時間的一種方法是培養(yǎng)一種鼓勵正念的愛好，也就是將我們的注意力集中在當(dāng)下，不加評判地體驗(yàn)我們的想法和感受)”可知，上文強(qiáng)調(diào)了“末日刷屏”的壞處，下文提出了打破這種習(xí)慣的一種方法，空處應(yīng)起到過渡作用，表明有打破這種習(xí)慣的方法。B選項(xiàng)“Thegoodnewsisthattherearemanywaystobreakthisbadhabit.(好消息是有很多方法可以打破這個壞習(xí)慣。)”起到進(jìn)一步的承接和過渡作用，強(qiáng)調(diào)可以打破這種不良習(xí)慣的積極信息，符合上下文語境。故選B。【18題詳析】由上文“Whenwe’refocusedonacraft,ourhandsarebusy.(當(dāng)我們專注于一門手藝時，我們的手就會很忙)”及下文“Creativehobbiesthatrequireattention,suchascoloring,canalsoactasa“flowactivity”,wherewefeelfullyengagedinwhatwe’redoing,thuslosinghoursdoomscrolling.(需要注意力的創(chuàng)造性愛好，比如涂色，也可以作為一種“心流活動”，在這種活動中我們會全身心地投入到正在做的事情中，從而不會花幾個小時去“末日刷屏”)”可知，上文說專注于手藝時手會忙，下文說專注于創(chuàng)造性愛好能讓我們?nèi)硇耐度霃亩苊狻澳┤账⑵痢保仗帒?yīng)承接上文，說明專注于手藝時的結(jié)果是不會去碰手機(jī)。C選項(xiàng)“Consequently,we’llbetooengagedtoreachforourphones.(因此，我們會太投入而不會去拿手機(jī)。)”中engaged與上文focusedonacraft相呼應(yīng)，選項(xiàng)中tooengagedtoreachforourphones說明了不會去“末日刷屏”的結(jié)果，符合語境。故選C?！?9題詳析】由下文“Doomscrollingcanleavepeoplefeelingalossofcontrol,butmindfulhobbiesprovideasenseofcontrolalongwithamazingresults,likeacolorfuldrawing.Accomplishingsomethingisconsideredoneofthecoreingredientsofpsychologicalwell-being.(“末日刷屏”會讓人感覺失去控制，但正念愛好能提供一種控制感，以及驚人的成果，比如一幅色彩豐富的畫作。完成某件事被認(rèn)為是心理健康的核心要素之一)”可知，下文主要講述了正念愛好能帶來控制感和完成事情的成就感，這對心理健康有益，空處應(yīng)是該段的主題句，應(yīng)能概括這一內(nèi)容。F選項(xiàng)“Theyprovideasenseofachievement.(它們提供一種成就感。)”中provideasenseofachievement與下文相呼應(yīng)，能很好地概括該段內(nèi)容，適合作為段落主題句。故選F?！?0題詳析】由上文“Byengaginginanewhobby,wealsojoinacommunityofpeoplewithsimilarinterests.(通過參與一項(xiàng)新的愛好，我們也加入了一個有相似興趣的人的群體)”及下文“Andthissenseofbelongingislinkedtobetterwell-being.(而這種歸屬感與更好的幸福感相關(guān)聯(lián))”可知，上文說參與新愛好能加入有相似興趣的群體，下文說這種歸屬感與幸福感有關(guān)，空處應(yīng)承接上文，說明加入這個群體帶來的積極影響。D選項(xiàng)“Thisopensusuptomorepositivesocialinteractions.(這使我們能夠進(jìn)行更多積極的社交互動。)”中opensusuptomorepositivesocialinteractions與上文joinacommunityofpeoplewithsimilarinterests相呼應(yīng)，進(jìn)一步說明了加入群體的好處，也為下文的senseofbelonging做了鋪墊，符合語境。故選D。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Thesettingwasperfect:researcherstalkingwithexcitementabouttheirwork,postersessionsalivewithquestions.ItwasmyfirstconferenceasaPh.D.candidate,andthe___21___shouldhaveexcitedme;Itwasachancetoshowcasemyworkandbuild___22___.Yetthingsdidn’tgoasIhadthought.Iwantedtoconnectbutwasafraidofseeming___23___.Bytheendoftheday,mybusinesscardswerestillinmypocket,___24___.IknewthatifIwantedtoachieveinacademia,I’dneedtodevelopnetworking___25___.However,itwasn’teasy.Iwentintothatconferencewithgood___26___,butcameupempty.Mylabco-worker,ontheotherhand,walkedawaywithan___27___fromaknownresearchteamtoco-authoraworkingpaper,___28___bystartingupasmalltalk.Istoodthere,rightbesideher,butIletthemomentslipby.That’swhenithitme:Networkingwasn’tabout___29___everyoneintheroom.Itwasaboutspeakingupandfindingvalueineventhesmallest___30___.I’dbeenwaitingfortheperfectwordsandtheidealopening—butthose___31___rarelyarrivedontheirown.Thekeywastoletgoof___32___andinsteadseekconnection.Idovein,takingchancetoattendevents.Ikept___33___,determinedtopushthrough,hopingeventuallyit’dstarttofeelnatural.Ilearnedtofocuslessonthepressuretonetworkperfectlybutmoreonbuilding___34___relationships.Lookingbacknow,Iseethereal___35___wasn’ttheactofnetworkingitselfbutquittingthefearofnotdoingit“right”.21.A.atmosphere B.achievement C.performance D.description22.A.happiness B.connections C.pressure D.careers23.A.powerful B.awkward C.creative D.confident24.A.unexplained B.unexpected C.unfinished D.untouched25.A.origins B.habits C.traditions D.visions26.A.signs B.negotiations C.intentions D.inspirations27.A.exploration B.outline C.invitation D.extension28.A.typically B.officially C.regularly D.simply29.A.touching B.rejecting C.contacting D.impressing30.A.themes B.exchanges C.requirements D.missions31.A.experiences B.consequences C.moments D.platforms32.A.perfection B.depression C.determination D.imagination33.A.takingoff B.standingout C.workingout D.showingup34.A.romantic B.loving C.genuine D.lasting35.A.challenge B.means C.remark D.adventure【答案】21.A22.B23.B24.D25.B26.C27.C28.D29.D30.B31.C32.A33.D34.C35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。主要講述了作者作為博士生在學(xué)術(shù)會議上的交流經(jīng)歷，并分享了克服交流恐懼、建立聯(lián)系的心得。【21題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是我作為博士生的第一次會議，這樣的氛圍本應(yīng)該讓我感到興奮；這是一個展示我的工作并建立聯(lián)系的機(jī)會。A.atmosphere氛圍；B.achievement成就；C.performance表現(xiàn)；D.description描述。根據(jù)上文“researcherstalkingwithexcitementabouttheirwork,postersessionsalivewithquestions”可知，此處描述的是會議的氛圍。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是我作為博士生的第一次會議，這樣的氛圍本應(yīng)該讓我感到興奮；這是一個展示我的工作并建立聯(lián)系的機(jī)會。A.happiness幸福；B.connections聯(lián)系；C.pressure壓力；D.careers職業(yè)。根據(jù)下文“Networkingwasn’tabout____everyoneintheroom.”可知，此處指的是建立聯(lián)系。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我想與人交流，但又害怕顯得尷尬。A.powerful強(qiáng)大的；B.awkward尷尬的；C.creative有創(chuàng)造力的；D.confident自信的。根據(jù)上文“Iwantedtoconnectbutwasafraidof”以及語境可知，作者想與人交流，但又害怕顯得尷尬。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：到一天結(jié)束時，我的名片還在口袋里，沒有動過。A.unexplained未解釋的；B.unexpected未預(yù)料到的；C.unfinished未完成的；D.untouched未動過的。根據(jù)上文“mybusinesscardswerestillinmypocket”可知，作者的名片還在口袋里，即沒有動過。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道，如果我想在學(xué)術(shù)界取得成功，我需要培養(yǎng)社交習(xí)慣。A.origins起源；B.habits習(xí)慣；C.traditions傳統(tǒng)；D.visions愿景。根據(jù)下文“Iwentintothatconferencewithgood___,butcameupempty.”可知，作者意識到需要培養(yǎng)社交習(xí)慣。故選B?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我?guī)е己玫囊庠竻⒓恿四谴螘h，但卻一無所獲。A.signs跡象；B.negotiations談判；C.intentions意愿；D.inspirations靈感。根據(jù)上文“ItwasmyfirstconferenceasaPh.D.candidate,andthe______shouldhaveexcitedme;Itwasachancetoshowcasemyworkandbuild_____.”以及下文“butcameupempty”可知，作者帶著良好的意愿參加了會議。故選C?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：另一方面，我的實(shí)驗(yàn)室同事通過簡單地發(fā)起一次閑聊，獲得了一個知名研究團(tuán)隊(duì)的邀請，共同撰寫一篇工作論文。A.exploration探索；B.outline大綱；C.invitation邀請；D.extension延伸。根據(jù)下文“toco-authoraworkingpaper”可知，作者的實(shí)驗(yàn)室同事獲得了一個知名研究團(tuán)隊(duì)的邀請。故選C?！?8題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：另一方面，我的實(shí)驗(yàn)室同事通過簡單地發(fā)起一次閑聊，獲得了一個知名研究團(tuán)隊(duì)的邀請，共同撰寫一篇工作論文。A.typically典型地；B.officially正式地；C.regularly定期地；D.simply簡單地。根據(jù)下文“bystartingupasmalltalk”可知，此處表示簡單地發(fā)起一次閑聊。故選D?！?9題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：那時我才明白：社交并不是要給房間里的每個人都留下深刻印象。A.touching觸摸；B.rejecting拒絕；C.contacting聯(lián)系；D.impressing給……留下深刻印象。根據(jù)下文“Itwasaboutspeakingupandfindingvalueineventhesmallest____.”可知，此處表示社交并不是要給房間里的每個人都留下深刻印象。故選D。【30題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：而是要大聲說出來，即使是最小的交流也要找到