高中非謂語語法專題之過去分詞學(xué)案-高三下學(xué)期英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專項

非謂語語法專題之過去分詞一、課前回顧1.非謂語是什么？形式有哪些？以下ving哪些是動名詞？哪些是現(xiàn)在分詞？1.It’snouse_________(spend)somuchtimeondiscussionsuchanunimportantmatter.2.ThechurchwasoneofthosefineoldEnglishstructuresandwasworthyof________(visit).3.Thisbookisgreatanditisreallyworth__________(read)asecondtime.4.Theydon’tallow__________loudhere.Thatistosay,wearenotallowed__________loudhere.(speak)5.Hesatonthebench,withoneofhislegs__________(swing)fromsidetoside.6.__________(see)fromthetopofahill,wefindthecityveryattractive.7.__________(be)illforalongtime,heneededtimetorecover.8.Whenthemanwaswalkingbytheriver,hesawaboy__________(struggle)inthewater.9.Whenitesto__________(practise)colourtherapy,sheisanexpert.10.The__________(president)attendingthemeetinghimselfgavethemagreatdealofencouragement.11.It’sverynicetoday.Ifeellike__________(take)awalkforsomefreshair.12.__________(interest)ingreatworksofliteraturecanencouragecreativity.13.Iremember__________(take)tothezoobymymotherwhenIwasachild.14.Weshouldhavethefire___________(burn)allthetime.15.Iheardher___________(sing)anEnglishsongwhenIpassedby.小結(jié)：動名詞起到____詞的用途，在句子中可充當(dāng)____語、____語、____語、____語____語等；而現(xiàn)在分詞起到____詞的用途，____能看出動作發(fā)生的時間，表示動作由發(fā)出者____，或____。在句子中可充當(dāng)____語、____語、____語等。用現(xiàn)在分詞改寫，使其充當(dāng)狀語：時間狀語：Whentheyheardthenews,theygotexcited.WhileIwasdoingmyhomework,Ireceivedamessage.條件狀語：Ifyouworkhard,youwillmakegreatprogress.Ifyouridetoschool,youcanmakeadifferencetoourenvironment.作原因狀語：Becausehelovessmoking,hehardlyhasfriends.Becausemanystudentsareinterestedinscience,theydecidetomakeupasciencegroup.讓步狀語：Althoughtheyweretired,theystillwentonworking.ThoughIhavemanythingsinmonwithothers,Ihavefewfriends.伴隨狀語：Jimmyissittingonthesofaandreadinganewspaper.結(jié)果狀語:Thenewmachinewillworkfaster,anditwillreduceourcost.新知過去分詞我們在哪里用過呢？過去分詞在非謂語當(dāng)中有哪些用途呢？(1)過去分詞作表語典型用法要點精講：過去分詞作表語，邏輯主語是句子的主語，常位于be動詞或remain,sound,feel等系動詞之后；“get+過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)也是被動語態(tài)。對比用法示例現(xiàn)在分詞作表語現(xiàn)在分詞作表語，放在系動詞之后，說明主語的身份、性質(zhì)或情況，常翻譯為“令人……”。Thepresentwassurprising.Igotsurprised.這個禮物是令人驚喜的，我被驚訝了。過去分詞作表語過去分詞作表語，表示“感到……”，主語多為人。Thepupilswillbemoreinterestediftheylearnbythemselves.如果學(xué)生自學(xué)，他們更會感興趣?！炯磿r訓(xùn)練】1.Themoviewasso(move)thatallofuswere(move)totears.2.Pleaseremain(seat);thewinneroftheprizewillbegivensoon.3.Sarah,hurryup.I’mafraidyouwon’thavetimetoget(change)beforetheparty.4.Forthosewithfamilymembersfaraway,thepersonalputerandthephoneareimportanttostay______(connect).5.翻譯：Thoughhewasanewman,hewasusedtothewayoflifehereverysoon.Tomsoundsveryinterestedinthejob,butI'mnotsurewhetherhecanmanageit.(2)過去分詞作定語典型用法要點精講2：過去分詞作定語,邏輯主語是被修飾的名詞或代詞.單個分詞常作前置定語，分詞短語多作后置定語；過去分詞作定語表示一個被動的、已發(fā)生的動作。場合用法示例done1.過去分詞作定語表示一個被動的、已發(fā)生的動作；2.單個分詞修飾名詞作前置定語；分詞短語修飾名詞作后置定語。Anumberofroadshavebeenblockedbyfallentrees.許多道路被倒下的樹堵住了。ManywordsassociatedwithlifeintheWestareSpanish.許多與西方生活有關(guān)的單詞都是西班牙語。【即時訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。23.Fromthedates(mark)onthegoldcoin,wedecideditwasmadefivehundredyearsago.24.Canthose/(sit/seat)atthebackoftheclassroomhearme?25.Ateamofscientists______（lead）byaprofessorhasfoundoutthatthemonarchisabletotellthetimeofday.26.Theclub,_________(found)25yearsago,isholdingapartyforpastandpresentmembers.27.Theoldladywassokindthatsheadoptedmany____________(abandon)catsanddogs.翻譯：Theweddingceremonytookplaceinabrightlydecoratedhotelroom.（3）過去分詞作賓語補足語典型用法場合用法示例觀感使役類動詞+sb+done1.巧記觀感使役類動詞注意讓麥克聽聽看看這塊表有啥感覺(notice,let,make,hear,listento,see,watch,have,feel);2.過去分詞作賓語補足語，表示與賓語之間被動關(guān)系。Shecouldn'tmakeherselfheardbecauseofthetrafficnoise.由于交通噪音太大，她無法讓別人聽到她的聲音。Beforedrivingintothecity,youarerequiredtogetyourcarwashed.在開車進城之前，你必須把車洗干凈。with+名詞/代詞+done/doing1.過去分詞作賓語補足語表示一個被動的、已完成的動作；2.對比：該結(jié)構(gòu)中動詞不定式表示將要發(fā)生的動作；現(xiàn)在分詞表示一個主動動作；Withthecrowdscheering,theydrovetothepalace.

在人群的歡呼聲中，他們驅(qū)車來到皇宮。Shehadtowalkhomewithherbikestolen.自行車被偷，她只好步行回家。【即時訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee(carry)outthenextyear.2.Shereturnedhome,onlytofindthedooropenandanumberofthings(go)3.Theprogramwassoexcitingthatthechildrenkepttheireyes(fix)onthescreen.4.Hegothisbadtooth________(pull)yesterday,forithadcausedhimtoomuchpain.5.WhenIcamein,Ifoundastrangegirl___________(seat)inthecorner.6.Withthefinalexam__________(e),allthestudentsarerevisingtheirlessons.7.He

rushed

into

the

room,

withhis

face

(cover)

with

sweat.8.Withthedifficultproblem_________(solve),hethrewhimselfinthesofainrelief.9.ThenumberofpeopleusinghanfuproductsinChinawillreach6.89million,withtotalsales________(expect)toreach10.16billionyuan.10.WithMr.Smith(teach)themEnglish,theywillbegreatlyimprovednextterminspokenEnglish.(4)“連詞+過去分詞”構(gòu)成狀語從句省略用法對比用法示例連詞+現(xiàn)在分詞連接詞+現(xiàn)在分詞，表示與主語之間主動關(guān)系。When(shewas)walkingalongtheriverbank,shewassingingapopsong.她沿著河堤邊走邊唱著流行歌曲。連詞+過去分詞連接詞+過去分詞表示與主語之間被動關(guān)系。If(youare)acceptedforthispost,youwillbeinformedwithinaweek.如果你被接受擔(dān)任這個職務(wù)，將在一禮拜內(nèi)給你通知?！炯磿r訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Hestoodupallofasuddenasif____________(say)tosaysomething.2.Whenfirst____________(introduce)tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.3.Nomatterhowmanytimes(perform),theworksofBeethovenstillattractallpeople.4.When________(pare)cultures,weoftenfocusonthedifferenceswithoutnoticingthesimilarities.5.When_______(ask)forhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding.（5）be+過去分詞+介詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語典型用法場合用法示例done1.過去分詞作狀語，邏輯主語是句子的主語,用作時間、原因、條件、讓步、伴隨狀語，強調(diào)該動作與句子主語之間的被動關(guān)系；2.“be+過去分詞+介詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語時，be動詞省略。AlthoughhewasLaughedatbymanypeople,hecontinuedhisresearch.盡管被許多人嘲笑，他還是繼續(xù)他的研究。Whenhewaslostinthought,healmostranintoatree.他陷入沉思，差點兒撞到樹?！炯磿r訓(xùn)練】用過去分詞作非謂語改寫句子Whenhewaslostinhisworldofmusic,hefeltasifhecould“see”thebeautyoftheworldaroundhim._______________________,hefeltasifhecould“see”thebeautyoftheworldaroundhim.Whenhewasmovedbythismusic,hesaid,“Itwaslikeseeingcolourforthefirsttime.”_____________________________,hesaid,“Itwaslikeseeingcolourforthefirsttime.”Afterhewasinspired,heaskedhisfanstomakevideos._____________________________,heaskedhisfanstomakevideos.IfIamgivenanotherhour,Icanworkoutthisproblem._____________________________,Icanworkoutthisproblem.Becausehewasaffectedbygradualblindnesssoonaftertheperformance,Henrywasstillcapableofwritingpositions.________________________________,Henrywasstillcapableofwritingpositions.用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.___________(encourage)bythespeech,themanmadeuptheirmindstotakeupthetask.2.____________(disappoint)bytheresult,thecandidateleftthestagewithtearsinhereyes.3.__________(bite)twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechainedourdog.4.__________(determine)togiveupsmoking,hethrewawayhisremainingcigarettes.5._______(face)withheavyburden,heisthinkingofmovingtoanareawithlowlivingexpenses.【易混對比】1._________(see)fromthetopofahill,thecitylooksveryattractive.2._________(see)fromthetopofahill,wefindthecityveryattractive.3.Theman__________(call)himselfJohnSmithusedtolivedhere.4.Theman__________(call)JohnSmithusedtolivedhere.5.When_________(heat),icewillchangeintowater.6.When_________(leave)theairport,hewavedtousagain.7.Mostofuswenttoseeherlastweekend,somegirls_________(include).8.Mostofuswenttoseeherlastweekend,_________(include)somegirls.9._______(pare)withtraditionaleducation,onlineeducationhasmanyadvantages.10.__________(pare)yourphonewithmine,Iknowmyphoneisoutofdate.11.Hewassurprisedtoseesomevillagers_________(seat)atthebackoftheclassroom.12.Tohissurprise,hesawsomevillagers_______(seat)themselvesatthebackoftheclassroom.16.__________(follow)byHank,weenteredthediningroom.17.__________(follow)Hank,weenteredthediningroom.18.__________(follow)Hank,andwe'llenterthediningroom.分類訓(xùn)練（一）模擬試題1.Hesatonthebench,withoneofhislegs__________(swing)fromsidetoside.2.Withthefinalexam__________(approach),allthestudentsarerevisingtheirlessons.3.Withmyhomework__________(finish),Iwentshoppingwithmymumhappily.4.__________(follow)cheerfulmusic,webegantodance.5.EarthDay,______(fall)on22April,isanannualeventaimingtoraiseenvironmentalprotection.6.__________(be)illforalongtime,heneededtimetorecover.7.Pahlssonandherhusbandnowthinktheringprobablygot________(sweep)intoapileofkitchenrubbishandwasspreadoverthegarden.8.Withthegovernment’shelp,people_______(affect)bytheearthquakemovedtonewareas.9.MichaelputupapictureofYaoMingbesidethebedtokeephimself_______(remind)ofhisowndreams.10.Hearingthegoodnews,Ifeltaheavyload(take)offmymind.11.Whenwillyougotothehospitalandhaveyourtooth(examine)?12._______(face)withsomuchtrouble,Chinahassucceededcontrollingthespreadofcovid19.13.Thepoliceremendedthatthe(injure)intheaccident(take)tothehospital.14.Unless_____________(invite)tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.15.Thebridgewasdamagedintheflood,__________(result)inthetrainfallingintotheriver.分類訓(xùn)練（二）單句改錯下列各句均有一處錯誤，請指出并糾正。1.Ilikeeatingfryingtomatoeswitheggs,andIthoughtitmusttobeeasytocook.2.Withtheboyledtheway,thesoldiersmanagedtowalkthroughtheforest.3.Beingworriedaboutherson’sfuture,themotherissleepingverybadlythesemonths.4.paringwithherachievements,hershortingsareonlysecondary.5.“It'sreallyaniceplace,”Mothersaidasshesatatthetablereserveforcustomers分類訓(xùn)練（三）真題1.Itcanhelptobuildamunitywitha____________(share)futureformankind,”hesaid.2.InspiredbytheBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation____________(hold)inBeijing,Caodecidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute(致敬)totheancientSilkRoad.3.Thereisadramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweathereventsoverthepast20years,____________(cause)largelybyrisingglobaltemperatures,accordingtoanewreport.4.Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobee________(educate)abouttheareasbothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthedevelopmentofthelocalareas.5.Butthat’shownatureis—alwaysmakingus(surprise).6.Theymakegreatgifsandyouseethemmanytimes__________(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.7.___________(plete)in1931,theEmpireStateBuilding,thehighestskyscraperuntil1954,inspiredtheimaginationoftheworld.9.FromBuddhisttemplestomuseums,narrowhutongtoroyalpalaces,itishometomorethan3,000yearsofglorioushistoryevendowntoitslayout,withthecitykeepingitscarefully______(build)systemofringroads.分類通關(guān)（四）過去分詞助力讀后續(xù)寫升格1.實驗室的門被爆炸震碎，散落一地。_______________________________________________________________________________2.被深埋于塵埃之下的古籍，藏著幾個世紀(jì)未解的秘密。_______________________________________________________________________________3.被洪水遺棄的村莊，回蕩著被遺忘記憶的私語。_______________________________________________________________________________4.因攀爬而筋疲力盡的她，終于登頂，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)冰面上刻著一幅地圖_______________________________________________________________________________5.從博物館盜走的項鏈，在月光下泛著微光。_______________________________________________________________________________6.被困在塌方隧道中的礦工們努力保持冷靜。_______________________________________________________________________________7.藏在假墻后的畫作，描繪了一段被歷史遺忘的場景。_______________________________________________________________________________8.被敵人包圍的間諜意識到，搭檔留下的密碼是他唯一的希望。_______________________________________________________________________________9.被暴風(fēng)雨沖垮的老橋迫使旅行者尋找新路線。_______________________________________________________________________________10.被過去錯誤困擾的Emily，猶豫著是否打開那封用紅蠟封好的信。______________________________________________________________________________