2025屆四川省綿陽(yáng)市大聯(lián)考高三下學(xué)期第三次診斷性測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試題【含答案解析】

高2022級(jí)第三次診斷性測(cè)試英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的班級(jí)、姓名、考號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。4.考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）回答聽(tīng)力部分時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。聽(tīng)力部分結(jié)束前，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將你的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案：C。1.Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow?A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.Windy.2.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Helpinachemistrylab.B.Joinaphotographyclub.C.TakephotosonSunday.3.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthemathtest?A.Confident.B.Bored.C.Nervous.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abook.B.Amovie.C.ATVseries.5.Whatisthewoman’ssuggestion?A.Orderingtakeout.B.Eatingout.C.Cookingathome.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.At9:00a.m.onTuesday.B.At2:00p.m.onWednesday.C.At10:00a.m.onFriday.7.Whatisthemanremindedtodo?A.Tomeethisdentistontime.B.Tofinishhisscienceproject.C.Tobringhiscollectedmaterials.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WhatmakesithardforSarahtosleep?A.Fever.B.Headache.C.Highbloodpressure.9.WhatisSarahadvisedtodo?A.Getridofcoffee.B.Takeregularexercise.C.Ensureenoughsleep.10.Whatdoesthedoctorsayaboutthepainkiller?A.Takethreepillseveryday.B.Takethepillifnecessary.C.Takeapillaftergettingup.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatdoesthesnakesymbolizeaccordingtotheman?A.Strength.B.Wealth.C.Wisdom.12.Whydopeopleusesnake-shapeddecorations?A.Tocelebrateharvests.B.Toattractgoodfortune.C.Toprayforgoodhealth.13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Familymembers.聽(tīng)第9段材科，回答第14至17題。14.Howlongwilltheridetaketoday?A.20minutes.B.40minutes.C.60minutes.15.Whatisthemainreasonforthewoman’svisit?A.Tovisithercousin.B.Toexplorelocalhistory.C.Tostudyancientarchitecture.16.Whatdoesthemanstronglyrecommend?A.Tryinglocalseafood.B.Visitingamuseum.C.Takingaboattour.17.Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inataxi.B.Onaflight.C.Atahotel.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Howmanykilogramsofpaperdoesanaverageofficeworkeruseyearly?A.45.B.50.C.80.19.Whatactionwillthecompanytakenextmonth?A.Offereco-friendlynotebooks.B.Printthefilesdouble-sided.C.HoldworkshopseveryFriday.20.Whatisthespeechmainlyabout?A.Thewayofusingpaper.B.Theappealforsavingpaper.C.Theharmofwastingpaper.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。AThePennineWaywasthefirstNationalTrailinEnglandandisoneoftheUK’smostfamouslong-distancewalks.Openedon24thApril1965,itpavedthewayforpublicaccesstosomeofEngland’swildestlandscapes.WalkingthePennineWayisatourofspectacularnaturallandmarksandhistoricsites.FindusefulfactsbelowandwalkthebackboneofEngland.THEROUTE●Start:Edale,Derbyshire●End:KirkYetholm,ScottishBorders●Length:268miles(431km)Thefirsttwostagesaretough,beginningwithademandinguphillviaJacob’sLaddertoKinderScout.Fortunately,thesubsequentstageshavefewerpunishingclimbs.ThesixthstagetoPen-y-ghentisaroutehighlight,butit’schallenging.WHENTOGOThetrailcanbewalkedallyearround.However,thebestmonthsarefrommid-MaytoSeptemberwhentheweatherisusuallybetter.ACOMMODATION&SUPPLIESCampingallowsyoutokeepyourplansflexibleandmanycampsitesoffera‘walk-in’policy.Iftheideaofcarryingaheavierbackpackdoesn’tappeal,thereareluggagetransportoptionstoo.Alternatively,youcanchoosebetweenguesthouses,hostelsandB&BstosuitmostbudgetsinGargrave,Hawes,andAlston,whicharenotalwayswhereyoumightwant,butaregreatplacestoresupplyandhaveagoodnight’ssleep.NAVIGATIONSignpostsarefoundregularlyalongtheroute,butyoucan’trelyonthementirely.Thetoughestmountainousareashavefewersigns.Inbadweather,youcanbecomedisorientedbyalackoffeatures,soyouwillneedgoodmap-readingskills.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutthePennineWay?A.It’schallenginginmoststages. B.It’sthelongesttrailintheworld.C.Ithasbeeninservicefor8decades. D.Itmixesnaturalbeautyandhistory.2.Whichofthefollowingmaybeagoodovernightoption?A.Hawes. B.Edale. C.KinderScout. D.Pen-y-ghent.3.Whoisthepassageintendedfor?A.Foodsuppliers. B.Roadtripfans. C.Hikingenthusiasts. D.Urbanexplorers.【答案】1.D2.A3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了英格蘭第一條國(guó)家步道——奔寧之路。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“WalkingthePennineWayisatourofspectacularnaturallandmarksandhistoricsites.(沿著奔寧之路行走，是一次觀賞壯觀自然地標(biāo)和歷史遺跡的旅行)”可知，奔寧之路融合了自然美景和歷史。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ACOMMODATION&SUPPLIES部分中“Alternatively,youcanchoosebetweenguesthouses,hostelsandB&BstosuitmostbudgetsinGargrave,Hawes,andAlston,whicharenotalwayswhereyoumightwant,butaregreatplacestoresupplyandhaveagoodnight’ssleep.(或者，你可以在加爾格雷夫、霍斯和阿爾斯頓選擇適合大多數(shù)預(yù)算的賓館、旅社和民宿，這些地方不一定是你想去的地方，但卻是補(bǔ)充物資和睡個(gè)好覺(jué)的好地方)”可知，霍斯是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的過(guò)夜選擇。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“WalkingthePennineWayisatourofspectacularnaturallandmarksandhistoricsites.FindusefulfactsbelowandwalkthebackboneofEngland.(沿著奔寧之路行走，是一次觀賞壯觀自然地標(biāo)和歷史遺跡的旅行。查看以下有用信息，踏上英格蘭的脊梁之路)”以及后文對(duì)路線、出行時(shí)間、住宿等徒步相關(guān)內(nèi)容的介紹可知，文章是為徒步愛(ài)好者準(zhǔn)備的。故選C項(xiàng)。BTheNiuniuChoir,fromasmallvillageinPugeCounty,LiangshanYiAutonomousPrefecture,SichuanProvince,capturedheartsbothathomeandabroadduringtheirperformanceattheCCTVSpringFestivalGalaonJanuary28,wherethechildren’ssweetandinnocentvoicesstolethespotlight.The38girls,aged7to14,dressedintraditionalYicostumes,sangJadePlate.ThegracefulmelodyandpoeticlyricsshowcasethebeautyofYicultureandtheongoingexplorationofthemoon.Theirteacher,JibuXiaolong,foundedthechoirin2017owingtoasmallincident.Oneday,whilehewasplayinghisguitarandsingingasongduringthebreak,agroupofcuriouschildrengatheredaround,singingalongwithhim.Themomentsparkedtheideaofformingachoir.Withthesupportoftheschoolleadership,hebeganorganizingaperformance.Initiallystartingwithonlyfourstudents,thechoirgrewasmoregirlsjoined,findingjoyinsinging.Jibu,amusicgraduatefromtheSichuanConservatoryofMusic,returnedtohishometownafterstrugglinginBeijing,determinedtoinspirechildrenthroughmusic.Hewrotesongsforthechoirthatwerenotonlytailoredtotheirvocalrangesbutalsoreflectedtheirlivesandthebeautyofthenaturalsurroundings.Thesesongs,inbothYiandMandarin,wereaboutcelebratinglife,nature,andhope.In2020,thechoirgainedwidespreadattentionaftertheirvideoswentviralonsocialmedia,receivingover600,000views.Thisexposurebroughtdonationsofinstruments,teachingmaterials,andfinancialaidforthegirls’families.Butmostimportantly,itgavethegirlsconfidenceandhopeforabrighterfuture.Somenowevenaspiretobecomeprofessionalsingersoreducators.Jibuplanstoexpandthechoir,attractmoremembersnationwide,andlaunchonlinetrainingprograms.HealsoaimstocollectandadaptYifolksongsforchildren,spreadingtheirculturetoawideraudience.ForJibu,seeinghisstudentsperformonChina’sbiggeststagewasadreamcometrue,provingthatmusiccantranscendboundariesandinspiredreams.4.WhatinspiredJibutosetupasingingchoir?A.Willingnesstochangethegirls’fate. B.Ambitiontorealizehismusicdreams.C.Cooperativesingingwithhisstudents. D.Positivesupportoftheschoolleaders.5.Fromwhichaspectdothegirlsinthechoirbenefitmost?A.Financialaid. B.Widespreadconcerns.C.Variousdonations. D.Improvedself-assurance.6.WhatisJibu’sgoalforthefutureoftheNiuniuChoir?A.Totrainthesingersprofessionally. B.TopromoteYifolkmusicfurther.C.Tomovethechoirtoalargercity. D.Toorganizeanationalmusictour.7.Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A.LittleSingersHitRightNote B.TheMusicalJourneyofJibuC.YiFolkSongsGainPopularity D.TheDreamsoftheYiSingers【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了來(lái)自四川涼山州普格縣小山村的妞妞合唱團(tuán)的故事，介紹了其成立緣由、發(fā)展情況以及老師吉布小龍對(duì)未來(lái)的規(guī)劃?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Oneday,whilehewasplayinghisguitarandsingingasongduringthebreak,agroupofcuriouschildrengatheredaround,singingalongwithhim.Themomentsparkedtheideaofformingachoir.(一天，課間休息時(shí)他正彈著吉他唱歌，一群好奇的孩子圍過(guò)來(lái)和他一起唱。那一刻激發(fā)了他組建一個(gè)合唱團(tuán)的想法。)”可知，他和學(xué)生們的合作演唱激發(fā)了他組建合唱團(tuán)的想法。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Butmostimportantly,itgavethegirlsconfidenceandhopeforabrighterfuture.(但最重要的是，這給了女孩們信心和對(duì)更美好未來(lái)的希望。)”可知，合唱團(tuán)的女孩們受益最大的方面是自信心的提升。故選D項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“HealsoaimstocollectandadaptYifolksongsforchildren,spreadingtheirculturetoawideraudience.(他還打算為孩子們收集和改編彝族民歌，將他們的文化傳播給更廣泛的受眾。)”可知，吉布小龍未來(lái)對(duì)于妞妞合唱團(tuán)的目標(biāo)是進(jìn)一步推廣彝族民間音樂(lè)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段“TheNiuniuChoir,fromasmallvillageinPugeCounty,LiangshanYiAutonomousPrefecture,SichuanProvince,capturedheartsbothathomeandabroadduringtheirperformanceattheCCTVSpringFestivalGalaonJanuary28,wherethechildren’ssweetandinnocentvoicesstolethespotlight.(1月28日，來(lái)自四川省涼山彝族自治州普格縣一個(gè)小山村的妞妞合唱團(tuán)在央視春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會(huì)上的表演打動(dòng)了國(guó)內(nèi)外觀眾的心，孩子們甜美天真的聲音成為了焦點(diǎn)。)”以及第四段“In2020,thechoirgainedwidespreadattentionaftertheirvideoswentviralonsocialmedia,receivingover600,000views.(2020年，合唱團(tuán)的視頻在社交媒體上瘋傳，獲得了超過(guò)60萬(wàn)的瀏覽量，從而受到了廣泛關(guān)注。)”可知，全文圍繞妞妞合唱團(tuán)從鄉(xiāng)村走向春晚的成長(zhǎng)歷程展開(kāi)，突出音樂(lè)如何幫助孩子們“唱響人生”，與選項(xiàng)A“LittleSingersHitRightNote(小歌手們唱對(duì)了音符)”的雙關(guān)寓意高度契合，所以最適合做文章標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。CWhenyou’refeelingunhappy,doyoureachforsomethingtoeattoliftyourmood?You’renotalone;emotionaleatingisalltoocommon.It’sestimatedthat75percentofovereatingistriggeredbyemotions.Ifyou’relookingforfoodforcomfort,whichfoodsdoyouchoose?Insteadofcelery(芹菜)orcucumber,sweettreatslikeicecreamorsaltysnackslikechipsalwaysdothetrick.Anewstudysuggeststhat,however,thefoodsweeattofeelbettermayhavetheoppositeeffect.ResearchersatHarvardandWomen’sHospitalinBostonwereinterestedintheeffectsonmoodofultra-processed(超加工的)foodssuchassweetandspicysnacksaswellasprocessedmeats,drinks,andotherenergy-denseitems.Theresearchersgavearecognizedfoodfrequencyquestionnaireeveryfouryearsto31,000womenaged42to62.Thewomenwhoreportedhighultra-processedfoodconsumptionhadagreaterBMI,higherratesofdrinking,andmorediseaseslikediabetesandhighbloodpressure.Theresearchersalsonotedanincreasedriskofdepressionassociatedwithultra-processedfoodconsumption.Overthe14yearsofthestudy,theyfound4,840casesofdepression.Acausallinkbetweendepressionandtheconsumptionofultra-processedfoodisn’tknown,butresearchershazardaspeculationthatartificialsweetenersaffectthecommunicationbetweencellsinthebrainandnervoussystem,whichmaybeinvolvedwithdepression.However,it’sstillunderdebate.Whatarethepracticalimplicationsofusingultra-processedfoodstoliftyourmood?Youcouldswitchtohealthiersnacks(e.g.,nuts,carrots).Thesoundsofchewingthesnackmightreplacethesweettasteoftheultra-processedfood.Or,insteadofeating,youcouldfindanenjoyableactivitytoimproveyourframeofmind.Forinstance,youcouldlistentoupbeatmusicorwatchacomedyvideo.Butthebestalternativeistogetactive.Walking,jogging,yoga,orstrengthtrainingisaneffectivetreatmentfordepression.It’seasiertoreachforanultra-processedsnackwhenyou’refeelingdown,butthatmightleaveyoufeelingworse.Instead,getupanddosomethingphysical;you’llfeelmuchbetter!8Whattypeoffooddopeopleusuallyeatforcomfort?A.Celeryandcucumber. B.Icecreamandchips. C.Nutsandcarrots. D.Wholegrains.9.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“hazardaspeculation”meaninParagraph5?A.Ruleoutapossibility. B.Confirmanopinion. C.Makeanassumption. D.Objecttoanidea.10.Howmanyalternativestoemotionaleatingaresuggestedinthepassage?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.11Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thelinkbetweenfoodandmood. B.Theharmofultra-processedfood.C.Theimportanceofphysicalexercise. D.Theadviceonimprovingyourmood.【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要討論了情緒性進(jìn)食現(xiàn)象，特別是超加工食品對(duì)情緒的影響，并通過(guò)一項(xiàng)研究來(lái)闡述超加工食品消費(fèi)與抑郁癥風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之間的關(guān)聯(lián)。文章還提供了一些替代情緒性進(jìn)食的健康建議?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Ifyou’relookingforfoodforcomfort,whichfoodsdoyouchoose?Insteadofcelery(芹菜)orcucumber,sweettreatslikeicecreamorsaltysnackslikechipsalwaysdothetrick.(如果你在尋找能帶來(lái)安慰的食物，你會(huì)選擇哪些呢？你不會(huì)選芹菜或黃瓜，而是像冰淇淋這樣的甜食，或者像薯片這樣的咸味零食，這些往往很管用。)”可知，當(dāng)人們?yōu)榱藢で蟀参慷x擇食物時(shí)，通常不會(huì)選擇芹菜或黃瓜，而是會(huì)選擇像冰淇淋這樣的甜食或像薯片這樣的咸味零食。故選B?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞所在上下文“Acausallinkbetweendepressionandtheconsumptionofultra-processedfoodisn’tknown,butresearchershazardaspeculationthatartificialsweetenersaffectthecommunicationbetweencellsinthebrainandnervoussystem,whichmaybeinvolvedwithdepression.However,it’sstillunderdebate.(目前尚不清楚抑郁癥與超加工食品的攝入之間是否存在因果關(guān)系，但研究人員……，人工甜味劑會(huì)影響大腦和神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)中細(xì)胞之間的通訊，這可能與抑郁癥有關(guān)。不過(guò)，這一點(diǎn)仍存在爭(zhēng)議。)”可知，抑郁癥與超加工食品的攝入之間的因果關(guān)系尚不明確。并指出人工甜味劑會(huì)影響大腦和神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)中細(xì)胞之間的通訊，而這可能與抑郁癥有關(guān)，并且這種說(shuō)法仍在爭(zhēng)論中。由此可以推斷出，研究人員是在進(jìn)行一種推測(cè)。選項(xiàng)C“Makeanassumption(做出一種假設(shè))”符合研究人員在因果關(guān)系不明確的情況下，對(duì)人工甜味劑影響的推測(cè)。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Whatarethepracticalimplicationsofusingultra-processedfoodstoliftyourmood?Youcouldswitchtohealthiersnacks(e.g.,nuts,carrots).Thesoundsofchewingthesnackmightreplacethesweettasteoftheultra-processedfood.Or,insteadofeating,youcouldfindanenjoyableactivitytoimproveyourframeofmind.Forinstance,youcouldlistentoupbeatmusicorwatchacomedyvideo.Butthebestalternativeistogetactive.Walking,jogging,yoga,orstrengthtrainingisaneffectivetreatmentfordepression.(用超加工食品來(lái)改善心情會(huì)有哪些實(shí)際影響呢？你可以改吃更健康的零食（比如堅(jiān)果、胡蘿卜）。咀嚼這些零食的聲音可能會(huì)取代超加工食品的甜味?；蛘?，你可以找一項(xiàng)能讓自己開(kāi)心的活動(dòng)來(lái)改善心情，而不是選擇吃東西。例如，你可以聽(tīng)歡快的音樂(lè)或看喜劇視頻。但最好的選擇是動(dòng)起來(lái)。散步、慢跑、瑜伽或力量訓(xùn)練都是治療抑郁癥的有效方法。)”可知，文章中一共提出了三種替代情緒化進(jìn)食的方法：改吃更健康的零食；找一項(xiàng)令人愉快的活動(dòng)來(lái)改善心情；進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章開(kāi)篇指出情緒化進(jìn)食很常見(jiàn)，人們會(huì)為了改善心情而選擇特定食物，接著通過(guò)研究表明超加工食品雖常被用來(lái)改善心情，但可能產(chǎn)生相反效果，如增加抑郁風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等，還探討了抑郁癥與超加工食品攝入之間可能的聯(lián)系，最后提出了替代情緒化進(jìn)食的方法來(lái)改善心情。整體圍繞食物（特別是超加工食品）與情緒之間的關(guān)系展開(kāi)論述。選項(xiàng)A“Thelinkbetweenfoodandmood.(食物與情緒之間的聯(lián)系)”準(zhǔn)確地概括了文章的核心內(nèi)容，文章從情緒化進(jìn)食、超加工食品對(duì)情緒的影響以及改善情緒的食物選擇等方面闡述了食物和情緒的關(guān)系。故選A。DScientistsinBrazilarereleasinggeneticallymodified(改良的)mosquitoestocontainthemassiveoutbreakofdenguefever,amosquito-borneillness.Morethanamillioncasesoftheviralinfectionhavebeenreportedinthefirsttwomonthsof2024,twicemorethanwhatwerereportedinthesameperiodin2023.InFebruary,RiodeJaneirodeclaredtheoutbreakapublichealthemergencyafterthecityrecordedmorethan42,000casesofthedisease.InBrazil,thediseaseisconstantlycirculating.Between2003and2019,morethan11millioncaseswerereportedinthecountry,withpeaktransmissionnormallyoccurringduringtheannualrainyseasonfromOctobertoMay.Unusually,largeoutbreaksoccurroughlyeverythreetofouryears.Onlyoneinfourpeopleinfectedwiththedenguevirusdevelopmildsymptoms,whichgenerallyclearwithintwotosevendays.However,thediseasecansometimesprogressandbecomesevere,leadingtohospitalizationandpossiblydeath.Facedwitharisingnumberofdenguecases,healthauthoritiesinBrazilaretestingalternativeapproachestocontrolthespreadofthedisease,includingtheuseofgeneticallymodifiedmosquitoes,asolutionproposedbybiotechcompanyOxitec.ThecompanybreedsmaleAedesaegyptimosquitoes—thespeciesthatspreadsthedenguefevervirustohumans—thataregeneticallymodifiedtocarryagenethatkillsanyfemaleoffspringtheyspawn(產(chǎn)卵).DenguefeverisspreadthroughthebitesoffemaleA.aegyptimosquitoes,soreleasingthesemodifiedmosquitoesintoaregioncanhelpreducethenumberofpeststhatcanspreadthevirustopeople.TheeggsofOxitec’smodifiedmalemosquitoesareplacedinboxesandthenhatchedwiththeadditionofwater.Themodifiedmosquitoes“completethecycleinsidetheseboxesinabouttendaysandtheadultinsectscomeouttodotheirwork,”NataliaFerreira,Oxitec’sgeneralmanagersaid.TheapproachcanreduceA.aegyptipopulationnumbersbyupto90percentinregionswherethegeneticallymodifiedmosquitoesarereleased.Therehavebeenconcernsthatthesegeneticallymodifiedmosquitoessometimesproduceoffspringthatcansurvivetopassontheirgenestonativeinsects.Butsofar,there’snoevidencetosuggestthiscouldharmhumans.12.WhyaregeneticallymodifiedmosquitoesbeingreleasedinBrazil?A.Togetridofmosquitoes. B.Toincreasethebiodiversity.C.Toreducedenguefevercases. D.Toimprovemosquitogenes.13.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?A.Hotanddryweatherspeedsupthevirustransmission.B.25%oftheinfectedpeopledevelopseveresymptoms.C.Thereisanoutbreakofdenguefevereveryfouryears.D.DenguefeveriswidespreadandreappearinginBrazil.14.Howdothemodifiedmosquitoeswork?A.Bykillinglivefemalemosquitoes. B.Bycuttingdownonfemaleoffspring.C.Bystoppingmosquitoesfromhatching. D.Byrelievingtheinfectioussymptoms.15.Whatconcernspeopleaboutthemodifiedmosquitoes?A.Theyaffectlocalspecies. B.Theyincreasedenguecases.C.Theyareathreattohumans. D.Theygrowtoofasttocontrol.【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要報(bào)道了巴西科學(xué)家釋放轉(zhuǎn)基因蚊子以控制登革熱疫情爆發(fā)的情況。文章提到了登革熱疫情的嚴(yán)重性，包括病例數(shù)量的增加和公共衛(wèi)生緊急狀態(tài)的宣布，以及巴西衛(wèi)生當(dāng)局采取的替代方法來(lái)控制疾病的傳播，特別是使用轉(zhuǎn)基因蚊子這一解決方案。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“ScientistsinBrazilarereleasinggeneticallymodified(改良的)mosquitoestocontainthemassiveoutbreakofdenguefever,amosquito-borneillness.(巴西的科學(xué)家們正在釋放經(jīng)過(guò)基因改良的蚊子，以控制登革熱的大規(guī)模爆發(fā)，登革熱是一種由蚊子傳播的疾病。)”以及第四段“ThecompanybreedsmaleAedesaegyptimosquitoes—thespeciesthatspreadsthedenguefevervirustohumans—thataregeneticallymodifiedtocarryagenethatkillsanyfemaleoffspringtheyspawn(產(chǎn)卵).DenguefeverisspreadthroughthebitesoffemaleA.aegyptimosquitoes,soreleasingthesemodifiedmosquitoesintoaregioncanhelpreducethenumberofpeststhatcanspreadthevirustopeople.(該公司培育了雄性埃及伊蚊——這種蚊子會(huì)將登革熱病毒傳播給人類(lèi)——這些蚊子經(jīng)過(guò)基因改良，攜帶一種基因，該基因會(huì)殺死它們所產(chǎn)下的雌性后代。登革熱是通過(guò)雌性埃及伊蚊的叮咬傳播的，所以將這些經(jīng)過(guò)改良的蚊子釋放到某一地區(qū)，有助于減少能夠?qū)⒉《緜鞑ソo人類(lèi)的害蟲(chóng)數(shù)量。)”可知，巴西釋放轉(zhuǎn)基因蚊子是為了控制登革熱的大規(guī)模爆發(fā)，即減少登革熱病例數(shù)。同時(shí)，文中還提到登革熱是由雌性埃及伊蚊傳播的，Oxitec公司培育的轉(zhuǎn)基因雄性埃及伊蚊攜帶能殺死雌性后代的基因，釋放它們可減少能傳播病毒的蚊子數(shù)量，從而降低登革熱的傳播風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Between2003and2019,morethan11millioncaseswerereportedinthecountry,withpeaktransmissionnormallyoccurringduringtheannualrainyseasonfromOctobertoMay.Unusually,largeoutbreaksoccurroughlyeverythreetofouryears.(2003年至2019年間，該國(guó)報(bào)告了超過(guò)1100萬(wàn)例病例，通常每年的10月至次年5月的雨季是傳播高峰期。不同尋常的是，大規(guī)模的疫情大約每三到四年就會(huì)爆發(fā)一次。)”可知，登革熱在巴西廣泛傳播，且每隔一段時(shí)間就會(huì)大規(guī)模爆發(fā)，即反復(fù)出現(xiàn)。故選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“ThecompanybreedsmaleAedesaegyptimosquitoes—thespeciesthatspreadsthedenguefevervirustohumans—thataregeneticallymodifiedtocarryagenethatkillsanyfemaleoffspringtheyspawn(產(chǎn)卵).DenguefeverisspreadthroughthebitesoffemaleA.aegyptimosquitoes,soreleasingthesemodifiedmosquitoesintoaregioncanhelpreducethenumberofpeststhatcanspreadthevirustopeople.(該公司培育了雄性埃及伊蚊——這種蚊子會(huì)將登革熱病毒傳播給人類(lèi)——這些蚊子經(jīng)過(guò)基因改良，攜帶一種基因，該基因會(huì)殺死它們所產(chǎn)下的雌性后代。登革熱是通過(guò)雌性埃及伊蚊的叮咬傳播的，所以將這些經(jīng)過(guò)改良的蚊子釋放到某一地區(qū)，有助于減少能夠?qū)⒉《緜鞑ソo人類(lèi)的害蟲(chóng)數(shù)量。)”可知，公司培育的雄性埃及伊蚊經(jīng)過(guò)基因改良，攜帶一種基因，這種基因會(huì)殺死它們所產(chǎn)下的雌性后代。而登革熱是通過(guò)雌性埃及伊蚊的叮咬傳播的，所以減少雌性后代的數(shù)量就能降低傳播病毒的蚊子數(shù)量。故選B?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Therehavebeenconcernsthatthesegeneticallymodifiedmosquitoessometimesproduceoffspringthatcansurvivetopassontheirgenestonativeinsects.Butsofar,there’snoevidencetosuggestthiscouldharmhumans.(有人擔(dān)心這些基因改良蚊子有時(shí)會(huì)產(chǎn)生能夠存活下來(lái)的后代，并將它們的基因傳遞給本地昆蟲(chóng)。但到目前為止，沒(méi)有證據(jù)表明這會(huì)對(duì)人類(lèi)造成傷害。)”可知，人們擔(dān)心這些基因改良蚊子有時(shí)會(huì)產(chǎn)生能夠存活下來(lái)的后代，并且這些后代能夠?qū)⑺鼈兊幕騻鬟f給本地昆蟲(chóng)。因此，人們對(duì)改良蚊子的擔(dān)憂是它們會(huì)影響當(dāng)?shù)匚锓N。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Greatbooksareplentiful,butonlyafewachievethestatusofclassics.___16___Typically,classicworksshareseveraldefiningcharacteristics,whichhelpthemstaymeaningfulthroughgenerationsandacrosscultures.Amemorablemaincharacterisessential.Classicnovelsoftenfeatureheroes/heroineswithvividanddistinctpersonalities.Byabsorbingourselvesintheirexperiences,webecomeemotionallyinvested,andthisconnectionmakesthestoryworldcomealiveinourmind.CharacterslikeElizabethBennetinPrideandPrejudiceandFrodoBagginsinTheLordoftheRingsserveasreaders’eyesandears,allowingustogainamoreauthenticunderstandingoftheirworld.___17___Classicalliteratureinvitesmultiplereadings.Witheachencounter,newdepthsarerevealed.___18___Theforevercharmrefresheseachrepeatedreading.Eachrevisitingoffersafreshidea,allowingreaderstodiscovernewlayersofmeaningastheygrowandchange.___19___Theycontinuetoattractmodernaudiencesregardlessofwhentheywerewritten.Shakespeare’splays,forexample,werepublishedinthe16thand17thcenturies,yettheyremaininfluentialandcharmingtoday.Theireverlastingappealliesintheuniversalnatureofthethemestheyexplore,whetherit’slove,ambition,orthestruggleforpower.Inconclusion,whatissaidabovesetsclassicsapartfromotherworks.___20___Classicsareessentialtoourculturalidentityandwillcontinuetoinfluenceawiderworldinthefuturebecausetheyteachusvaluablelessonsaboutwhatitmeanstobehuman.A.Trueclassicsstandthetestoftime.B.WorksbyShakespearearefamousandtimeless.C.Theyarethewindowsforustoseethestoryunfold.D.Italsomakesthemavitalpartofourliteraryheritage.E.Readingclassicliteraturecontributestopersonalgrowth.F.Abookmustachieveexcellencetoberecognizedasaclassic.G.Readingclassicsatdifferentstagesoflifeinspiresnewthoughts.【答案】16.F17.C18.G19.A20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了經(jīng)典作品的特點(diǎn)及其為何能夠跨越時(shí)代和文化保持其意義。作者通過(guò)列舉經(jīng)典作品通常具有的幾個(gè)定義性特征，如令人難忘的主角、多重解讀的可能性、經(jīng)得起時(shí)間的考驗(yàn)等，來(lái)闡述經(jīng)典作品之所以成為經(jīng)典的原因。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Greatbooksareplentiful,butonlyafewachievethestatusofclassics.(偉大的書(shū)籍?dāng)?shù)量眾多，但只有少數(shù)能夠達(dá)到經(jīng)典的地位。)”可知，只有少數(shù)書(shū)能成為經(jīng)典。選項(xiàng)F“Abookmustachieveexcellencetoberecognizedasaclassic.(一本書(shū)必須達(dá)到卓越的水準(zhǔn)才能被公認(rèn)為經(jīng)典之作。)”延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容，解釋了什么樣的書(shū)才能被視為經(jīng)典，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“CharacterslikeElizabethBennetinPrideandPrejudiceandFrodoBagginsinTheLordoftheRingsserveasreaders’eyesandears,allowingustogainamoreauthenticunderstandingoftheirworld.(像《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》中的伊麗莎白?班內(nèi)特和《指環(huán)王》中的佛羅多?巴金斯這樣的角色，充當(dāng)了讀者的耳目，使我們能夠更真切地了解他們所處的世界。)”可知，上文提到經(jīng)典小說(shuō)中的角色如伊麗莎白?班納特和弗羅多?巴金斯等，作為讀者的眼睛和耳朵，讓我們更真實(shí)地了解他們的世界。選項(xiàng)C“Theyarethewindowsforustoseethestoryunfold.(他們是我們看到故事展開(kāi)的窗口。)”進(jìn)一步解釋了這些角色的作用，與上文銜接緊密。故選C?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Classicalliteratureinvitesmultiplereadings.Witheachencounter,newdepthsarerevealed.(經(jīng)典文學(xué)作品值得反復(fù)閱讀。每讀一次，都會(huì)揭示出新的深度。)”可知，經(jīng)典文學(xué)值得反復(fù)閱讀，每次閱讀都會(huì)有新的發(fā)現(xiàn)。選項(xiàng)G“Readingclassicsatdifferentstagesoflifeinspiresnewthoughts.(在人生的不同階段閱讀經(jīng)典會(huì)激發(fā)新的思考。)”具體說(shuō)明了在不同階段閱讀經(jīng)典的好處，與上文“Witheachencounter,newdepthsarerevealed.”相呼應(yīng)。故選G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Theycontinuetoattractmodernaudiencesregardlessofwhentheywerewritten.Shakespeare’splays,forexample,werepublishedinthe16thand17thcenturies,yettheyremaininfluentialandcharmingtoday.(真正的經(jīng)典經(jīng)得起時(shí)間的考驗(yàn)。無(wú)論它們創(chuàng)作于何時(shí)，都能持續(xù)吸引現(xiàn)代讀者。例如，莎士比亞的戲劇創(chuàng)作于16世紀(jì)和17世紀(jì)，但至今仍然具有影響力且魅力不減。)”可知，下文以莎士比亞的戲劇為例，說(shuō)明經(jīng)典作品無(wú)論何時(shí)創(chuàng)作，都能吸引現(xiàn)代觀眾，具有永恒的魅力。選項(xiàng)A“Trueclassicsstandthetestoftime.(真正的經(jīng)典經(jīng)得起時(shí)間的考驗(yàn))”能夠概括該段主旨，引出下文的例子。故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Inconclusion,whatissaidabovesetsclassicsapartfromotherworks.(總之，以上所述使經(jīng)典作品有別于其他作品。)”可知，上文總結(jié)了經(jīng)典作品的特點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)D“Italsomakesthemavitalpartofourliteraryheritage.(這也使它們成為我們文學(xué)遺產(chǎn)的重要組成部分。)”進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明了這些特點(diǎn)的意義，符合語(yǔ)境，強(qiáng)調(diào)了經(jīng)典作品在文化中的重要地位。故選D。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。RolandElliot-Berryisalivingexamplethatoneisnevertoooldtofollowtheirdreams.Elliot-Berry,73,foundanunexpected___21___instainedglass(彩色玻璃)making,thankstohisdaughter’s___22___posts,whichreceivedmanylikesonline.Theformerbeerfactoryownerandbookillustrator(插圖畫(huà)家)___23___manyfansafterthevideoofhishobby-turnedcareer___24___.Elliot-BerrysaidinaninterviewwithPEOPLE,“Iwas___25___;shenevertoldmeshewasdoingthis.”Elliot-Berry’sstainedglass___26___beganat24,undertheteachingsofEdwardPayne,amasterinthestainedglassfield.However,hechosea___27___path—illustratingstorybooksforchildren.Yearslater,Elliot-Berryswitchedtorunningabeerfactory,butit___28___duringtheCOVID-19pandemic.Tokeephimselfbusy,he___29___stainedglassmakingandpainting.Whenhisdaughterstarted_____30_____hisworkonline,Elliot-Berryreceivedafloodofordersforhisartworks.“IwasthinkingIwasgoingtohavealifeof_____31_____andtakelifeeasy,”herecalled.”But_____32_____Iwasvery,verybusy.”IntheU.K.,fewpeople,especiallytheyoung_____33_____thattraditionaljob,soithasbecomeanendangeredartformwhich_____34_____theartist.Ashisworkcontinuestobehighly_____35_____,Elliot-Berryhopestoopenclassessoastopavethewaytokeeptheartformalive.21.A.story B.dream C.partner D.position22.A.careless B.wonderful C.professional D.secret23.A.awarded B.scared C.gained D.visited24.A.tookoff B.slippedaway C.cameback D.cutout25.A.satisfied B.shocked C.confused D.happy26.A.success B.career C.hobby D.video27.A.hard B.different C.strange D.wide28.A.closed B.changed C.grew D.survived29.A.gaveup B.pickedup C.stuckto D.adaptedto30.A.learning B.watching C.admiring D.sharing31.A.relaxation B.excitement C.value D.adventure32.A.gradually B.possibly C.suddenly D.fortunately33.A.follow B.quit C.create D.get34.A.inspires B.absorbs C.convinces D.concerns35.A.copied B.demanded C.challenged D.priced【答案】21.D22.D23.C24.A25.B26.C27.B28.A29.B30.D31.A32.C33.A34.D35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇人物傳記。文章主要講述了RolandElliot-Berry的人生經(jīng)歷和他如何在晚年重新發(fā)現(xiàn)并追求自己的彩色玻璃制作夢(mèng)想。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：73歲的Elliot-Berry在彩色玻璃制作領(lǐng)域找到了一個(gè)意想不到的定位，這要?dú)w功于他女兒偷偷發(fā)布的帖子，這些帖子在網(wǎng)上獲得了眾多點(diǎn)贊。A.story故事；B.dream夢(mèng)想；C.partner伙伴、搭檔；D.position位置、職位。根據(jù)下文“Whenhisdaughterstarte