Unit+7+Art+Lesson+1+Masterpieces+Grammar 高中英語(yǔ)北師大版（2019）必修第三冊(cè)

NOUNCLAUSESUnit7GrammarTolearnandpractisenounclausesincludingsubjectclause,objectclauseandpredicativeclauseTobeabletocompletethetasksinthispart

Learningobjectives名詞性從句一、名詞性從句概述定義在句子中起名詞作用的從句類型主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句常用連接詞that,whether,ifwhat,who,whichwhen,where,why,howlong,

howmuch,howmanyas,asif,asthough二、名詞性從句要點(diǎn)1.主語(yǔ)從句

1)that從句位于句首時(shí)，that不能省略。e.g.That

hewonthegamedidn'tsurpriseusatall.

2)主語(yǔ)從句可放在句首，也可放在句尾(用it作形式主語(yǔ))。e.g.WhatI'dlikeyoutoworkonistherevisionexerciseonthewebsite.Whetherhe’lltakethejob

isstillunknown.Wherethey’llmovetheirofficeto

isnotclear.Whenhe’llleaveforNewYork

hasn’tbeendecided.

It

isstilluncertainwhetherhe'scomingornottonight.2.賓語(yǔ)從句e.g.Ihopethat

peoplewillspendmoremoneyoneducation.Doyouknowwhich

footballteamBillsupports?Wouldyoumindtellingmewhatshoesizeyoutake?Iwonderwhether

Ishouldaccepttheofferornot.Heaskedif

Icouldshowhimhowtooperatetheairconditioner.Choosingtherightbikedependsonwhatyouwanttouseitfor.1)當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)是第一人稱，且謂語(yǔ)為think,believe,suppose等動(dòng)詞時(shí)，如果賓語(yǔ)從句表示否定意思，通常否定前移，即否定主句的謂語(yǔ)。e.g.Idon'tsuppose

they'dstartthetripwithoutus.2)賓語(yǔ)從句亦可用作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。e.g.Ifyou'vegotanyquestionsaboutwhatI'vesaidsofar,I'dbehappytoanswerthem.3)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連詞that在口語(yǔ)中可省略，但在下列情況中，that需保留：

a.主、從句之間有表示時(shí)間等的狀語(yǔ)時(shí)that不能省略，否則會(huì)產(chǎn)生歧義。

e.g.MyfriendLisasaidyesterdayafternoonthatshecameacrossoneofourclassmatesinthebookstore.3.表語(yǔ)從句e.g.Hissuggestionis

that

weshouldhiremoreexperiencedpeople.That’s

what

weshoulddo.Thatishow

theysucceeded.Thatiswhy

hewaslateforschool.Thatwaswhen

mymumwasinhospital.Thingswerenotaswehadexpected.1)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是reason且后面的表語(yǔ)從句表示原因時(shí)，通常用that引導(dǎo)；而當(dāng)it，this或that作主語(yǔ)，后面的表語(yǔ)從句表示原因時(shí)，常用because引導(dǎo)。

e.g.Thereason

everyoneischeeringisthatit'sjustbeendeclaredanationalholiday.

It/This/Thatisbecauseyouaresayingtoomuch.2)表語(yǔ)從句還可由asif/asthough引導(dǎo)，主句中的動(dòng)詞可用be,seem,appear,look,taste,sound,feel等。e.g.Helookedasif/asthoughhehadn'twashedforaweek.Itsoundedasif/asthoughheweretryingtosaysomething.三、引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞辨析1.what與that

1)what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)不僅起連接作用，而且在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等。e.g.Johnarrivedtwohourslate:whathadhappenedwasthathisbicyclechainhadbroken.Luislosthisjobandwasshortofmoney,sowhathedidwastosellhisflatandmoveinwithhisbrother.Myhometownismuchdifferentfromwhatitwastenyearsago.Telluswhatmusicyouwerelisteningtojustnow.2)that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)只起連接作用,在從句中不作任何成分。e.g.Thathehadn'tbeeninvitedtothepartythiseveningsurprisedusall.Icanguaranteethatyou'llmakealotofnewfriendsheresoon.Whymostpeoplecomehereisthattheywantfreshairandexercise.2.whether與if1)whether引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句可位于句首或句尾,而if不能引導(dǎo)位于句首的主語(yǔ)從句。e.g.Whether

youhelpwiththeoutdoororindoorworkdependsonyou.

Itmakesnodifferencewhether/ifheagreesornot.2)whether可引導(dǎo)介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句,if則不能。e.g.I'mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgototheparty.3)whether可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句,if則不能。e.g.WhatI'mnotclearaboutiswhetherwecangetalifttothereserve.Thequestionwhetheritisrightorwrongdependsontheresult.4)whether后可直接跟ornot,if則不能。e.g.Itremainstobeseenwhetherornotthismedicineiseffective.Readthesentences.Workoutthefunctionsoftheunderlinedpartsineachsentence.1.VanGoghpaintedwhathesawfromhiswindow.2.Whatmakesitstrikingisthatitshowsathinfigurewithanexpressionoffear.asanobjectasasubjectasapredicative3.Whatisstrangeisthatabovethehouseandthetree,weseeadaytimeskyfullofbrightnessandsoftwhiteclouds.4.Somefeelthatthepaintingslookdarkandtroubling.asanobjectasapredicativeasasubject1.VanGoghpaintedwhathesawfromhiswindow.2.Whatmakesitstrikingisthatitshowsathinfigurewithanexpressionoffear.3.Whatisstrangeisthatabovethehouseandthetree,weseeadaytimeskyfullofbrightnessandsoftwhiteclouds.4.Somefeelthatthepaintingslookdarkandtroubling.ba&ca&cbWhichsentenceisanexampleof:aasubjectclause,oranounclausethatactsasthesubjectofthesentencebanobjectclause,oranounclausethatactsastheobjectofthesentencecapredicativeclause,oranounclausethatactsasthepredicativeofthesentenceMoresentences1.HisunusualuseofcolourhasledexpertstothinkthatVanGogh’smentalillnessmayhaveaffectedhissenseofsight.

2.However,thefactremainsthatTheStarryNightisnowone

oftheworld'smostfamouspaintings.

3.Inhisdiary,Munchtalkedaboutwhatinspiredhim.

4.ManyexpertssaythatTheScreamisconnectedtoMunch'smentalhealthproblems.objectclausepredicativeclauseobjectclauseobjectclause5.Hisviewwasthatartshouldshocktheviewersandchallengetheirsenseofreality.6.AsforMagrittehimself,hethoughtthatthechangebetweendayandnightinthepaintingswassurprising.predicativeclauseobjectclauseCombinethetwoexpressionsusingasubjectclause,anobjectclauseorapredicativeclause.Thenwriteacompletesentence.ItishardtobelieveVanGoghonlysoldonepaintingduringhislifetimeItishardtobelievethatVanGoghonlysoldonepaintingduringhislifetime.1.ThereasonwhyMagrittepaintedthiswayHewantedtochallengehowpeopleseetheworldThereasonwhyMagrittepaintedthiswaywasthathewantedtochallengehowpeopleseetheworld.2.Lookingatthepainting,wedon'tknowItisnightordayLookingatthepainting,wedon'tknowwhetheritisnightorday.3.ThefactremainsMunch'sTheScreamisoneofthebest-knownpaintingsevermadeThefactremainsthatMunch'sTheScreamisoneofthebest-knownpaintingsevermade.4.ItisunclearVanGoghwantedtopaintyellowspotsorthatwaswhathereallysawItisunclearwhetherVanGoghwantedtopaintyellowspotsorthatwaswhathereallysaw.1XuBeihongwasimportantinmodernChineseart.Hedevelopedthetraditionofcombiningpoetrywithpainting.2HewantedtopromoteChineseart.HeheldseveralexhibitionsinAsiaandEurope.InthispaintingnamedRacingHorse,wecanseeahorserunningathighspeedlikeamissileacrossthesky.Rewritetheunderlinedsentencesinthefollowingparagraphusingnounclauses.1.ThereasonXuBeihongwasimportantinmodernChineseartwasthathedevelopedthetraditionofcombiningpoetrywithpainting.2.ThereasonheheldseveralexhibitionsinAsiaandEuropewasthathewantedtopromoteChineseart.Ontheleftandrightsidesofthepainting,Xucleverlydrewinblackinktoshowthemovinghaironthehorse'smaneandtail.Healsouseddifferentshadesofgreyinacreativewaytoshowthesweatalongthehorse'sbody.3Itwaspaintedsoskillfullywithdarkandlightcolours.Itisafavouriteofmanyartlovers.3.Thereasonitisafavouriteofmanyartloversisthatitwaspaintedsoskillfullywithdarkandlightcolours.選用括號(hào)內(nèi)合適的內(nèi)容完成下面短文。Ifyouhaveeverbeeninspiredtopaintalandscape,itislikely1._______(that,where)youhavepaintedafairnumberoftrees.Asakeyfeatureofalandscape,treesareoftenoneofthefirstthingswelearntopaint,alongsideskyandwater.Fromthefirstflowersofspringtotheimpressivedisplay(展示)ofwarmautumncoloursandthedifferentshadesofsummergreensinbetween,itisnowonder2._______(that,when)treesprovideartistswithrenewedinspirationthroughouttheyear.thatthatAsforme,3.______(whether,what)inspiresmemosttopickupmypaintbrushis,however,thewintertrees—notevergreenorsnow-coveredtreesbutratherthebaretreesthemselves.Thisis4.________(why,because)Icantrulyunderstandthebasicstructureofthetreesandtheremarkableeffectswinterlighthasonthem.Duringthefirstlockdownwhenoutdooractivitieswerelimited,Ihadlittlechoicebuttowalkthesamerouterepeatedlydownstairs.OvertheweeksIslowl