使用 python 實(shí)現(xiàn)單人AI 掃雷游戲

第使用python實(shí)現(xiàn)單人AI掃雷游戲def__eq__(self,other):

returnself.cells==other.cellsandself.count==other.count

def__str__(self):

returnf"{self.cells}={self.count}"

defknown_mines(self):

返回self.cells中已知為地雷的所有單元格的集合。

defknown_mines(self):

iflen(self.cells)==self.count:

returnself.cells

返回self.cells中已知安全的所有單元格的集合。

defknown_safes(self):

ifself.count==0:

returnself.cells

鑒于已知單元格是地雷，更新內(nèi)部知識(shí)表示。

defmark_mine(self,cell):

ifcellinself.cells:

self.cells.discard(cell)

self.count-=1

鑒于已知單元格是安全的，更新內(nèi)部知識(shí)表示。

defmark_safe(self,cell):

ifcellinself.cells:

self.cells.discard(cell)

掃雷游戲玩家

classMinesweeperAI():

def__init__(self,height=8,width=8):

#設(shè)置初始高度和寬度

self.height=height

self.width=width

#跟蹤點(diǎn)擊了哪些單元格

self.moves_made=set()

#跟蹤已知安全或地雷的細(xì)胞

self.mines=set()

self.safes=set()

#關(guān)于已知為真游戲的句子列表

self.knowledge=[]

將一個(gè)單元格標(biāo)記為地雷，并更新所有知識(shí)以將該單元格也標(biāo)記為地雷。

defmark_mine(self,cell):

self.mines.add(cell)

forsentenceinself.knowledge:

sentence.mark_mine(cell)

將一個(gè)單元格標(biāo)記為安全，并更新所有知識(shí)以將該單元格也標(biāo)記為安全。

defmark_safe(self,cell):

self.safes.add(cell)

forsentenceinself.knowledge:

sentence.mark_safe(cell)

用于獲取所有附近的單元格

defnearby_cells(self,cell):

cells=set()

foriinrange(cell[0]-1,cell[0]+2):

forjinrange(cell[1]-1,cell[1]+2):

if(i,j)==cell:

continue

if0=iself.heightand0=jself.width:

cells.add((i,j))

returncells

當(dāng)掃雷板告訴我們，對(duì)于給定的安全單元，有多少相鄰單元中有地雷時(shí)調(diào)用。

這個(gè)功能應(yīng)該：

1）將單元格標(biāo)記為已進(jìn)行的移動(dòng)

2）將單元格標(biāo)記為安全

3）根據(jù)cell和count的值在AI的知識(shí)庫(kù)中添加一個(gè)新句子

4）如果可以根據(jù)AI的知識(shí)庫(kù)得出結(jié)論，則將任何其他單元格標(biāo)記為安全或地雷

5)如果可以從現(xiàn)有知識(shí)中推斷出任何新句子，則將其添加到AI的知識(shí)庫(kù)中

defadd_knowledge(self,cell,count):

self.moves_made.add(cell)

#標(biāo)記單元格安全

ifcellnotinself.safes:

self.mark_safe(cell)

#獲取所有附近的單元格

nearby=self.nearby_cells(cell)

nearby-=self.safes|self.moves_made

new_sentence=Sentence(nearby,count)

self.knowledge.append(new_sentence)

new_safes=set()

new_mines=set()

forsentenceinself.knowledge:

iflen(sentence.cells)==0:

self.knowledge.remove(sentence)

else:

tmp_new_safes=sentence.known_safes()

tmp_new_mines=sentence.known_mines()

iftype(tmp_new_safes)isset:

new_safes|=tmp_new_safes

iftype(tmp_new_mines)isset:

new_mines|=tmp_new_mines

forsafeinnew_safes:

self.mark_safe(safe)

formineinnew_mines:

self.mark_mine(mine)

prev_sentence=new_sentence

new_inferences=[]

forsentenceinself.knowledge:

iflen(sentence.cells)==0:

self.knowledge.remove(sentence)

elifprev_sentence==sentence:

break

elifprev_sentence.cells=sentence.cells:

inf_cells=sentence.cells-prev_sentence.cells

inf_count=sentence.count-prev_sentence.count

new_inferences.append(Sentence(inf_cells,inf_count))

prev_sentence=sentence

self.knowledge+=new_inferences

defmake_safe_move(self):

返回一個(gè)安全的單元格以在掃雷板上選擇。必須知道該移動(dòng)是安全的，而不是已經(jīng)做出的移動(dòng)。

該函數(shù)可以使用self.mines、self.safes和self.moves_made中的知識(shí)，但不應(yīng)修改任何這些值。

defmake_safe_move(self):

safe_moves=self.safes.copy()

safe_moves-=self.moves_made

iflen(safe_moves)==0:

returnNone

returnsafe_moves.pop()

defmake_random_move(self):

返回在掃雷板上進(jìn)行的移動(dòng)。應(yīng)該在以下單元格中隨機(jī)選擇：

1)尚未被選中

2)不知道是地雷

defmake_random_move(self):

iflen(self.moves_made)==56:

returnNone

random_move=random.randrange(self.height),random.randrange(self.height)

not_safe_moves=self.moves_made|self.mines

whilerandom_moveinnot_safe_moves:

random_move=random.randrange(self.height),random.randrange(self.height)

returnrandom_move

設(shè)置runner.py運(yùn)行程序

顏色

BLACK=(0,0,0)

GRAY=(180,180,180)

WHITE=(255,255,255)

創(chuàng)建游戲

pygame.init()

size=width,height=600,400

screen=pygame.display.set_mode(size)

字體

字體可以在自己電腦中C:\Windows\Fonts的位置選擇自己喜歡的復(fù)制到項(xiàng)目中assets/fonts目錄下即可，我用的是楷體

OPEN_SANS="assets/fonts/simkai.ttf"

smallFont=pygame.font.Font(OPEN_SANS,20)

mediumFont=pygame.font.Font(OPEN_SANS,28)

largeFont=pygame.font.Font(OPEN_SANS,40)

計(jì)算面板尺寸

BOARD_PADDING=20

board_width=((2/3)*width)-(BOARD_PADDING*2)

board_height=height-(BOARD_PADDING*2)

cell_size=int(min(board_width/WIDTH,board_height/HEIGHT))

board_origin=(BOARD_PADDING,BOARD_PADDING)

添加圖片

這里我們只用了兩張圖，一個(gè)是地雷，一個(gè)是用來(lái)標(biāo)記地雷的旗幟

flag=pygame.image.load("assets/images/flag.png")

flag=pygame.transform.scale(flag,(cell_size,cell_size))

mine=pygame.image.load("assets/images/mine.png")

mine=pygame.transform.scale(mine,(cell_size,cell_size))

創(chuàng)建游戲和AI代理

game=Minesweeper(height=HEIGHT,width=WIDTH,mines=MINES)

ai=MinesweeperAI(height=HEIGHT,width=WIDTH)

跟蹤顯示的單元格、標(biāo)記的單元格以及是否被地雷擊中

revealed=set()

flags=set()

lost=False

最初顯示游戲說(shuō)明

instructions=True

whileTrue:

#檢查游戲是否退出

foreventinpygame.event.get():

ifevent.type==pygame.QUIT:

sys.exit()

screen.fill(BLACK)

#顯示游戲說(shuō)明

ifinstructions:

#標(biāo)題

title=largeFont.render("海擁|掃雷",True,WHITE)

titleRect=title.get_rect()

titleRect.center=((width/2),50)

screen.blit(title,titleRect)

#Rules

rules=[

"單擊一個(gè)單元格以顯示它",

"右鍵單擊一個(gè)單元格以將其標(biāo)記為地雷",

"成功標(biāo)記所有地雷以獲勝！"

fori,ruleinenumerate(rules):

line=smallFont.render(rule,True,WHITE)

lineRect=line.get_rect()

lineRect.center=((width/2),150+30*i)

screen.blit(line,lineRect)

#開(kāi)始游戲按鈕

buttonRect=pygame.Rect((width/4),(3/4)*height,width/2,50)

buttonText=mediumFont.render("開(kāi)始游戲",True,BLACK)

buttonTextRect=buttonText.get_rect()

buttonTextRect.center=buttonRect.center

pygame.draw.rect(screen,WHITE,buttonRect)

screen.blit(buttonText,buttonTextRect)

#檢查是否點(diǎn)擊播放按鈕

click,_,_=pygame.mouse.get_pressed()

ifclick==1:

mouse=pygame.mouse.get_pos()

ifbuttonRect.collidepoint(mouse):

instructions=False

time.sleep(0.3)

pygame.display.flip()

continue

畫(huà)板

cells=[]

foriinrange(HEIGHT):

row=[]

forjinrange(WIDTH):

#為單元格繪制矩形

rect=pygame.Rect(

board_origin[0]+j*cell_size,

board_origin[1]+i*cell_size,

cell_size,cell_size

pygame.draw.rect(screen,GRAY,rect)

pygame.draw.rect(screen,WHITE,rect,3)

#如果需要，添加地雷、旗幟或數(shù)字

ifgame.is_mine((i,j))andlost:

screen.blit(mine,rect)

elif(i,j)inflags:

screen.blit(flag,rect)

elif(i,j)inrevealed:

neighbors=smallFont.render(

str(game.nearby_mines((i,j))),

True,BLACK

neighborsTextRect=neighbors.get_rect()

neighborsTextRect.center=rect.center

screen.blit(neighbors,neighborsTextRect)

row.append(rect)

cells.append(row)

AI移動(dòng)按鈕

aiButton=pygame.Rect(

(2/3)*width+BOARD_PADDING,(1/3)*height-50,

(width/3)-BOARD_PADDING*2,50

buttonText=mediumFont.render("AI移動(dòng)",True,BLACK)

buttonRect=buttonText.get_rect()

buttonRect.center=aiButton.center

pygame.draw.rect(screen,WHITE,aiButton)

screen.blit(buttonText,buttonRect)

重置按鈕

resetButton=pygame.Rect(

(2/3)*width+BOARD_PADDING,(1/3)*height+20,

(width/3)-BOARD_PADDING*2,50

buttonText=mediumFont.render("重置",True,BLACK)

buttonRect=buttonText.get_rect()

buttonRect.center=resetButton.center

pygame.draw.rect(screen,WHITE,resetButton)

screen.blit(buttonText,buttonRect)

顯示文字

text="失敗"iflostelse"獲勝"ifgame.mines==flagselse""

text=mediumFont.render(text,True,WHITE)

textRect=text.get_rect()

textRect.center=((5/6)*width,(2/3)*height)

screen.blit(text,textRect)

move=None

left,_,right=pygame.mouse.get_pressed()

檢查右鍵單擊以切換標(biāo)記

ifright==1andnotlost:

mouse=pygame.mouse.get_pos()

foriinrange(HEIGHT):

forjinrange(WIDTH):

ifcells[i][j].collidepoint(mouse)and(i,j)notinrevealed:

if(i,j)inflags:

flags.remove((i,j))

else:

flags.add((i,j))

time.sleep(0.2)

elifleft==1:

mouse=pygame.mouse.get_pos()

如果單擊AI按鈕，則進(jìn)行AI移動(dòng)

ifaiButton.colli