高中英語北師大版（2019）選擇性必修第四冊 Unit 12 Innovation Lesson 2 Aha Moment 同步練習 (一)

Unit12InnovationLesson2AhaMoment【基礎知識過關】Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Whenthemoon________(出現(xiàn))frombehindtheclouds,Imadeoutafiguremovinginthedistance.2．Isita________(巧合)thatthemostinnovativecompaniesarealsothebestknownbrands?3．Theoldwomaniscompletely________(一無所知)aboutcomputers.4．Itiscausedduringdevelopmentbyhigh________(孵化)temperature.5．Thewaytheguestsweretreatedinthehotelinfluencedtheir________(評價)oftheservice.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Languageemergesanddevelopswiththe________(emerge)anddevelopmentofsociety.2．Theschoolhasonlybeenopenforsixmonths,soit'shard________(evaluate)itssuccess.3．Jobtrainingisan________(invest),notacost.Soyoumusttakeitseriously.4．Inspirationdoesn'temerge________(coincldence).Instead,itcomesfromtheeffortswehavebeenmakingbefore.5．Idon'twantthis________(misunderstand)tocomebetweenus.6．Itisagoodtimetofindanewjob________thebeginningoftheyear.7．Hewas________(excite)totellushewouldgoabroad.8．Dr.White'sopinionis________allhardworkwillleadtothesuccess.Ⅲ.短語填空bycoincidence，allofasudden，becomeinvolvedin，payattentionto，inotherwords，makeadiscovery，leadto，agreewith1．Toomuchworkandtoolittlerestoften________illness.2．Ithinkit'simportantfortheteenagersto________communityservice.3．________，weallarrivedatthestationatthesametime.4．Hedoesbetterthanbefore.________，heisdeterminedtodowell.5．Everyoneshould________safetywhencrossingtheroad.6．________，theboyslippedintotheriver.7．We________youthattheopensystemisbyfarthebest.8．He________thatmadehisparentsproud.Ⅳ.完成句子1．生活的意義在于創(chuàng)造，而創(chuàng)造是獨立存在的，沒止境的。________________________________creation,andcreationisindependentandendless.2．你能告訴我們更多關于那幾個階段的情況嗎？Wouldyouplease______________________________？3．恐怕我不明白“孵化”是什么意思。____________________________Idon'tunderstandwhat“incubation”means.4．我們應該投入到我們的學校生活中。Weshould______________________________ourschoollife.5．他喜歡古典音樂而我喜歡流行音樂。Heisfondofclassicalmusic____________________________________popmusic.【能力提升訓練】Ⅰ.閱讀ATheHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge(HZMB),theworld'slongestsea-basedproject,comprisesfourparts:a22.9-kilometresteelbridge,twoartificialislands,asubmergedseatunnelextendingfor6.7kilometres,aswellasleadingbridgesthatconnectthebridgetothecities.Forabridgeproject,designersprefertobuildallthestructureontheground,andonlychoosethetunnelwhenthereisnoalternative.However,fortheHZMB,themostpracticaldesignistointegratebridges,islandsandtunnelstoformacompletecross-seachannel.“ThePearlRiverEstuary(河口)holdsaworld-levelshippingchannel.Smoothtrafficshouldbeguaranteed.AndthelocationisneartheHongKongInternationalAirport.Withabout2,000flightstakingoffandlandingattheairport,thebridgecannotbebuilttoohighforsafetyreasons，”saidMengFanchao,chiefdesigneroftheproject.“Butyoucannothaveasubmergedseatunnelwithoutanysupport.Thatforcedustobuildtheartificialislands.”Chineseengineersblazedatrailininstallingdeep-immersedtunneltubes.“Thereisnomodelforustorefertoasallthecasesareshallow-buriedtubes,”saidMeng.“Forlackofexperience,theinstallationofthefirsttubelastedfor96hours,”saidYinHaiqing,deputymanageroftheProjectManagementDepartment.“Everyonewasexhaustedwhenwemadeit.”The6.7-kilometretunnelistheworld'slongestsubmergedseatunnel.Twoartificialislands,coveringanareaof200,000squaremetres,helpcreateasmoothtransitionbetweenbridgesectionsandtunnels.Differentfromtraditionalislands,theengineersput120steelcylinders(圓柱)witha22-metrediameter(直徑)intotheseabed,createtheshapeofanisland,andfilltheislandwithsoil.Itisaninnovativewaytheyadoptedtobuildtheartificialisland,makingitfirmer,moreefficientandfriendliertothemarineecology.TheHZMBprovidesafixedlinkbetweenthetwoChineseeconomiccentres,HongKongandMacao,andthemainlandofChina,especiallyZhuhai.1．Whyisn'tthebridgebuilttoohigh?A．Thebridgehasn'tanysupport.B．Itisn'tsafetobuildittoohigh.C．Theengineerslackexperience.D．Theengineerswanttomakeitspecial.2．WhatcanweknowabouttheHZMBfromthetext?A．AllthestructureoftheHZMBisbuiltontheground.B．The6.7-kilometretunnelistheworld'slongesttunnel.C．TheHZMBisthefirsttoinstalldeep-immersedtunneltubes.D．Theinstallationofthefirsttunneltubefailedforthefirsttime.3．What'sthefunctionofthetwoartificialislands?A．Toblazeatrailinbuildingasea-basedbridge.B．Topreventthepollutionfromaffectingthemarineecology.C．Toensuresmoothtrafficbetweenbridgesectionsandtunnels.D．Toguaranteethesafetyoftheshipsgoingthroughtheestuary.4．Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A．Anadvertisement.B．Sciencefiction.C．Anannouncement.D．Anewsreport.BOnarecentday,KatieBaldwintookabreakfromworktotalkaboutmovingfromawealthyneighborhoodnearNewYorkCitytoanorganicfarmonLongIsland.“FarmingwhereIgrewupwasaveryunusualcareerchoice,”saidthe32-year-oldAmerican,“buteverybodybelongstothelandintheirownway.Noneofusshouldfeelseparatefromit.”KatiewasraisedinanuppermiddleclasstownoutsideNewYork,wheremostpeopleneverthoughtaboutworkingonafarm.Today,Katiegrowspotatoes,wheatandothercropsatQuailHill,apropertyinAmagansett,NewYork.“Thenewyoungfarmerschooseorganicfarmingwiththeirdesiretohaveaninfluenceonsociety，”Katieandseveralfarmerssaid.Shesaid,“Theyarechoosingittoprotectnaturalresourcesforfuturegenerations,tofightclimatechangeandtofeedtheircommunitygoodandhealthyfood.”NewYorkhasabout1,000certifiedorganicfarms,makingitthethirdlargestinthecountry,andCaliforniaandWisconsinarethefirstandsecond,theUSDA(theU．S.DepartmentofAgriculture)says.Thesefarmsmakeupnearly4percentofthestate'sfarmland,comparedwithanationalaverageofaround0.6percent.IntheUnitedStates,organicfarmingisagrowingindustry.Womenoperatesomeofthebest-knownorganicfarmsonLongIsland.Womenmakeupalittlemorethan37percentofallorganicfarmersnationwide.ThatinformationcomesfromUSDA.Expertspredictwomen'sshareinfarmingislikelytocontinuetogrow.Althoughorganicfarmingisgrowingquickly,itcomeswithhighlaborcostsandsometimessmallerharveststhancommercialfarming.Soitcanbeadifficultbusinessfornewfarmers.“WhenIlookbackonthestartingofthefarm.Itseemsreallyandacious，”KatieBaldwinsaid.“Butinthatenvironmentin2008，everybodyhadlosttheirjobsandthereweren'tjobs.So,itdidn'tfeelstrangetostartsomething，”shesaid.5．Whydotheyoungpeoplewanttoworkasfarmers?A．Tofindasuitablejob.B．Toearnhealthyfood.C．Tostopclimatechange.D．Tohelpthesocietydevelop.6．Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“audacious”inthelastparagraph?A．Hopeful.B．Dangerous.C．Daring.D．Reasonable.7．Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A．Americanwomenaregoodatorganicfarming.B．Organicfarmingwillbecomeagoodemployment.C．ManyAmericancommunitieslackabundantfood.D．Startingorganicfarmingneedscarefulconsideration.CIn2013,GabbyFrostfoundedBuddyProjectwhenshewas15.Atthattime,herbestfriendwasdiagnosed(診斷)withamentalhealthcondition,andthathadbeenthefirsttimeshehadbeenmadeawareofwhatmentalillnesswas.Cabbybeganthinkingofhowshecouldmakeadifferencetohelpherfriend.Shedidn'twanttowaitaroundforsomeoneelsetothinkofsomething.Theideatocreateasupportivecommunitywherepeoplecanconnectwithotherswhosharethesameinterestsimmediatelycameintoherhead.ThatsimpleideaiswhatledtothecreationofBuddyProject.Oneofthebiggestsocialbarriersshehadtojumpoverwasthatsomepeopledidn'tviewherseriouslybecauseshewasa15-year-oldgirl,andevennow,she'sstillayoungwoman.“Sometimesit'sfrustratingbecausesomepeopledon'tthinkwhatIdoisneededortheydon'tthinkI'mprofessional,”shesaid.“Mostpeopleareoverwhelmedbythefactthata22-year-oldgirlisrunningthisandthatit'sonepersondoingthisbutnotawholeteam.I'mjustluckythatI'vefoundasupportsystemthathasbeenabletohelpmymomandmewiththeproject.”MentalillnessaffectstensofmillionsofpeopleintheUnitedStateseachyear,yetonlyhalfreceivetreatment.Sincefoundingtheorganizationasahighschoolstudent,Gabbyhashelpedmorethan200,000participantsfeelbetter.BuddyProjectaimstoraiseawarenessofmentalhealthbypairingpeopleasbuddies,whichtransitionedfromsocialmediamovementtonon-profitorganizationinlate2015,andhasraisedover$50,000.8．WhydidGabbyFrostsetupBuddyProject?A．Totreathermentaldisease.B．Toknowwhatcausesmentalillness.C．Tohelpherfriendfightthementaldisease.D．Tocurethosewithmentaldisease.9．WhatproblemdidGabbyface?A．Shecouldn'tgetsupportfromherparents.B．Shecouldn'thelpsomanypatientsatatime.C．Shewasn'tabletoattractenoughparticipants.D．Shewasn'tthoughtwellofbecauseofherage.10．HowdomostpeoplefeelaboutyoungGabby'srunningtheprojectalone?A．Completelydoubted.B．Totallyconvinced.C．Stronglyimpressed.D．Fullysatisfied.11．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Americanspaylittleattentiontomentalhealth.B．ManyAmericanshavetroublewithmentalhealth.C．BuddyProjectprovidesfinancialaidforpatients.D．BuddyProjecthascuredmanypeoplewithmentaldisease.Ⅱ.七選五Whenitcomestocreativity,oneofourbiggestconcernsisusuallyhowwecanbemorecreative,orhowtocomeupwithbetterideas.I'vegatheredsomeofthemostpracticaltipstohelpimprovecreativity.__1__Manypeoplethinkthathappinessistheidealstatetocreatesomething.Recentlyastudyoncreativitymadeagreatconclusion.__2__Idon'twantyoutoputyourselfinabadmoodtocreatesomething,butnexttimeyou'reinastrongfeeling,trytositdownandfocusthatenergyoncreatingsomething.__3__Readingorfeelingabsurd(ordreamlike)thingscanhelpboost(促進)patternrecognitionandcreativethinking.Becausethemindisalwaysseekingtomakesenseofthethingsthatithasseen,andsuchobjectsputitin“overdrive”whilethemindtriestoworkoutexactlywhatitislookingatorreading.IlikereadinginterestingshortstorieslikeTheLastQuestionwhenlookingforinspiration.Youcanalsogetmoving,becauseit'ssuggestedthatexercisecanactuallyimprovecreativethinkingaswell,duetoitsabilitytogettheheartpumpingandputpeopleinapositivemood.__4__It'snotnecessarilytheact;it'sthechangeinmoods.Ifyou'restuckinacreativejobandwanttotakeabreak,tryexercisewhileyourbrainissubconsciously(下意識地)atwork.__5__Itendtojogoutdoorsinthiscase,andit'strulyhelpfulforme.A．Whynotsticktoreading?B．Experiencingsomethingunreasonableworks.C．Itmayhelptospeedupyour“Aha！”moment.D．Creativityincreaseswhenwhateverfeelingsrunhigh.E．Tryafewoutforyourselfandseewhichonesworkbest.F．Itcanproducemorecreativethoughtsjustlikethinkingaboutlove.G．Weareintwoverydifferentstatesofmindwhentryingtocreatesomething.Ⅲ.語法填空Chinahasonceagainshoweditsabilitytochangetheworldwithits“fourgreatnew1.____________(invention)”—high-speedrailways,mobilepayment,bikesharing,andonlineshopping.China'snewgenerationhigh-speedrailways,theFuxingbullettrains,arenowoneofthe2.____________(fast)trainsintheworld,whichcantravelataspeedof350km/h.Besideshigh-speedrailways,China3.____________(improve)people'slivesinmanyotherinnovativewaysoverthelastdecade.Bikesharing,forexample,isnotnewitself.ButChinahasmade4.____________muchmoreconvenientandpopularbothinChina5.____________overseas.TheleadingChinesebike-sharingcompaniesarenowoperatinginforeigncountriessuchasSingaporeandBritain.Whenridingasharedbike,youcanstopitattheroadside6.____________(simple)withataponyourphone.Whenyougoout,youneedn'tcarryanycash.Youcouldeasilypaywithyoursmartphoneby7.____________(scan)theseller'sQRcode.Cashlesspaymenthasgrownintoa8.____________(choose)fortheChinesepeople—evenapancakesellerisusingAlipay.AsforAlipay,it9.____________(design)toservetheonlineshoppingatfirst,10.____________isnowthemostpopularwaytomakepurchasesinChina.Youcanbuyanythingyouneedwithoutleavingyourhome.Ⅳ.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。Thereweretwomenwhooccupiedthesamehospitalroom.Onemanwasallowedtositupinhisbedforanhouradaytodrain(排出)theliquidsfromhislungs.Hisbedwasnexttotheroom'sonlywindow.Theothermanhadtospendallhistimeflatonhisback.Thementalkedforhourseveryday.Theyspokeabouttheirwivesandfamiliesandtheirjobs.Andeveryafternoonwhenthemanbythewindowcouldsitup,hewouldpassthetimebydescribingtohisroommateallthethingshecouldseeoutsidethewindow.Themanintheotherbedwouldliveforthoseone-hourperiodswherehisworldwouldbebroadenedbyalltheactivitiesandcoloursoftheoutsideworld.Thewindowoverlookedaparkwithalovelylake.Themanhadsaidducksandswansplayedonthewaterwhilechildrensailedtheirmodelboats.Loverswalkedarminarm,andafineviewofthecitycouldbeseeninthedistance.Asthemanbythewindowdescribedallthisindetail,themanontheothersideoftheroomclosedhiseyesandimaginedthebeautifulscene.Onewarmafternoon,themanbythewindowdescribedaparadepassingby.Althoughtheothermancouldnotheartheband,hecouldseeitinhismind'seyeasthegentlemanbythewindowdescribedit.Unexpectedly,astrangethoughtenteredhishead:Whycouldhelookoutofthewindow?WhyshouldhehaveallthepleasureofseeingeverythingwhileInevergettoseeanything?Itdidn'tseemfair.Asthethoughtdeveloped,themanfeltashamedatfirst.Butasthedayspassed,hemissedseeingmoresightsandhisenvyturnedintohateandsoonturnedhimsour.Hebegantofindhimselfunabletosleep.Heshouldbebythatwindowandthatthoughtnowcontrolledhislife.注意：1．續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右；2．請按如下格式作答。Lateonenight,ashelaystaringattheceiling,themanbythewindowbegantocough.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Assoonasitseemedreasonable,themanaskedthenurseifhecouldmovenexttothewindow.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案【基礎知識過關】Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．emerged2.coincidence3.clueless4.incubation5．evaluationⅡ.單句語法填空1．emergence2.toevaluate3.investment4.coincidentally5.misunderstanding6.at7.excited8.thatⅢ.短語填空1．leadsto2.becomeinvoluedin3.Bycoincidence4.Inotherwords5.payattentionto6.Allofasudden7.agreewith8.madeadiscoveryⅣ.完成句子1．Themeaningoflifeliesin2.tellusmoreaboutthestages3．I'mafraidthat4.involveourselvesin/beinvolvedin5.whileIlike【能力提升訓練】Ⅰ.閱讀A【語篇解讀】本文是說明文，介紹了港珠澳大橋的建設構造等方面的知識。1．B細節(jié)理解題。這座橋為什么建得不高？A.這座橋沒有任何支撐。B.建得太高不安全。C.工程師們?nèi)狈?jīng)驗。D.工程師們想使它與眾不同。根據(jù)第三段“‘Withabout2,000flightstakingoffandlandingattheairport,thebridgecannotbebuilttoohighforsafetyreasons，’saidMengFanchao,chiefdesigneroftheproject.(該項目總設計師孟繁超說，由于機場起降航班約2000架次，出于安全考慮，大橋不能建得太高)”可知，由于大約有2000個航班在機場起降，出于安全考慮，這座橋不能建得太高。故選B。2．C推理判斷題。我們能從課文中了解到HZMB什么？A.HZMB的所有結構都是在地面上建造的。B.這條6.7公里長的隧道是世界上最長的隧道。C.HZMB是第一個安裝深埋隧道管的公司。D.第一根隧道管第一次安裝失敗。根據(jù)第4段“Thereisnomodelforustoreferto.(沒有可供我們參考的型號)”和第5段“Forlackofexperience,theinstallationofthefirsttubelastedfor96hours,(由于缺乏經(jīng)驗，第一根管子的安裝持續(xù)了96個小時)”可知，沒有可供參考的模式，港珠澳大橋是第一個安裝深埋隧道的工程，故選C。3．C細節(jié)理解題。兩個人工島的功能是什么？A.宣布建造?；鶚蛄旱穆肪€。B.防止污染影響海洋生態(tài)。C.確保橋段與隧道之間的交通暢通。D.保證船舶通過河口的安全。根據(jù)第三段“Butyoucannothaveasubmergedseatunnelwithoutanysupport.Thatforcedustobuildtheartificialislands.(但如果沒有任何支撐，就不可能有一條海底隧道。這迫使我們建造人工島)”可知，人工島的建設是為了確保橋段與隧道之間的交通暢通，故選C。4．D主旨大意題。這篇課文是什么類型的？A.廣告。B.科幻小說。C.一份公告。D.一份新聞報道。本文講述了港珠澳大橋的建設，屬于新聞報道，故選D。B【語篇解讀】本文以32歲的凱蒂·鮑德溫為例介紹了在紐約，為了促進社會發(fā)展，越來越多的年輕人開始從事有機農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)。5．D細節(jié)理解題。結合第一段中KaiteBaldwin的言論可知，她選擇從事農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)是希望為當?shù)氐陌l(fā)展做出貢獻；再根據(jù)第二段中的“Thenewyoungfarmerschooseorganicfarmingwiththeirdesiretohaveaninfluenceonsociety”可知，那些年輕人選擇從事有機農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)，是為了給社會帶來一些影響，最終是為了促進社會發(fā)展，故選D。6．C詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞前的“Althoughorganicfarmingisgrowingquickly,itcomeswithhighlaborcostsandsometimessmallerharveststhancommercialfarming.Soitcanbeadifficultbusinessfornewfarmers.”可知，盡管有機農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展迅速，但與商業(yè)種植相比，有機農(nóng)業(yè)的勞動力成本很高，有時收成卻更少，因此，在這種情況下從事有機農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)是一種大膽的想法，由此可推知畫線詞詞義為“大膽的”，故選C。7．D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，有機農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)存在著高人力投入、低回報的風險，因此，年輕人在選擇這個行業(yè)前應深思熟慮，故選D。C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了GabbyFrost為了幫助自己的朋友戰(zhàn)勝心理疾病而成立了BuddyProject。BuddyProject幫助了很多有心理疾病的人。她盡管遇到了很多的困難，但仍堅持不懈。8．C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Gabbybeganthinkingofhowshecouldmakeadifferencetohelpherfriend.”可知，她是為了幫助朋友與心理疾病抗爭才成立了BuddyProject。9．D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Oneofthebiggestsocialbarriers...wasthatsomepeopledidn'tviewherseriouslybecauseshewasa15-year-oldgirl,andevennow,she'sstillayoungwoman.”和“somepeopledon'tthinkwhatIdoisfessional”可知，她面臨的一個問題是一些人因為她的年齡小而認為她不專業(yè)。10．C推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Mostpeopleareoverwhelmedbythefactthata22-year-oldgirlisrunning...withtheproject.”可知，大多數(shù)人對一個22歲的女孩獨自而不是靠一個團隊運營這個項目這一事實印象深刻，故C項最能體現(xiàn)大多數(shù)人的心理。11．B推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“MentalillnessaffectstensofmillionsofpeopleintheUnitedStateseachyear”可知，在美國，很多人都有心理健康方面的問題。Ⅱ.七選五【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了作者總結了一些方法來幫助提高創(chuàng)造力，包括在情緒高漲時進行創(chuàng)造等，建議讀者可以試一試。1．E根據(jù)上文中的“I'vegatheredsomeofthemostpracticaltipstohelpimprovecreativity.”可知，作者就如何提高創(chuàng)造力收集了一些實用的方法，E選項中的ones指文中的tips中的一些，且語義前后順承，故選E。2．D根據(jù)下文中的“Idon'twantyoutoputyourselfinabadmoodtocreatesomething,butnexttimeyou'reinastrongfeeling,trytositdownandfocusthatenergyoncreatingsomething.”可知，情緒高漲的時候有助于創(chuàng)造力的發(fā)揮，故D項承接下文。3．B根據(jù)下文中的“Readingorfeelingabsurd(ordreamlike)thi