人教版高二下學(xué)期英語(選擇性必修3)《Unit3 Environmental Protection》單元測(cè)試卷及答案

第第頁試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁人教版高二下學(xué)期英語(選擇性必修3)《Unit3EnvironmentalProtection》單元測(cè)試卷及答案學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級(jí)：___________考號(hào)：___________詞匯（一）1.ecologyn．生態(tài);生態(tài)學(xué)2．meltvi.&vt.(使)融化;熔化;軟化3．releasevt.&n．排放;釋放;發(fā)布4．carbonn．碳5．fueln．燃料;刺激性言行6．comprehensiveadj.全部的;所有的;詳盡的7．trendn．趨勢(shì);趨向;動(dòng)向8．broadcastvt.&vi.廣播;傳播n．廣播節(jié)目9．policyn．政策;方針;原則10．seizevt.抓住;奪取;控制11．basinn．流域;盆地;盆12．reformvt.&vi.改革;(使)改正n．改革;變革13．a(chǎn)nnualadj.每年的;一年的n．年刊;年鑒14．chaosn．混亂;雜亂;紊亂15．nuclearadj.原子能的;核能的;原子核的16．junglen．(熱帶)從林;密林17．smogn．煙霧(煙與霧混合的空氣污染物)18．volumen．量;體積;(成套書籍中的)一卷19．garbagen．垃圾;廢物20．enterprisen．公司;企業(yè);事業(yè)21．restorevt.恢復(fù);使復(fù)原;修復(fù)22．dozenn．(一)打;十二個(gè)23．finevt.對(duì)……處以罰款24．campaignn．運(yùn)動(dòng);戰(zhàn)役vi.&vt.參加運(yùn)動(dòng)25．a(chǎn)gendan．議程表;議事日詞匯（二）1．graphn．圖;圖表;曲線圖2．emissionn．排放物;散發(fā)物;排放3．sealn．海豹4．methanen．甲烷;沼氣5．dioxiden．二氧化物6．habitableadj.適合居住的7．fossiln．化石8．worldwideadv.遍及全球地adj.世界各地的9．footprintn．足跡;(某物所占的)空間量;面積10．penguinn．企鵝11．undergovt.經(jīng)歷;經(jīng)受(變化、不快等)12．implementvt.使生效;貫徹;執(zhí)行13．moderateadj.適度的;中等的vi.&vt.緩和14．tropicaladj.熱帶的;來自熱帶的15．originatevi.&vt.起源;發(fā)源;創(chuàng)立16．regulationn．章程;規(guī)章制度17．disposaln．去掉;清除;處理18．waterwayn．水道;航道19．Norway挪威(北歐國(guó)家)短語1．carbondioxide二氧化碳2．fossilfuel化石燃料(如煤或石油)3．onbehalfof代表(代替)某人4．dozensof許多；很多5．beshockedby被...震驚6．force...todo迫使...做某事betrappedin陷入困境；被困在referto指的是；提到；參考；涉及hugeamountsof大量的leadto導(dǎo)致takeaction采取行動(dòng)causedamage造成損傷；造成損害haveanimpacton對(duì)...有影響takeresponsibilityfor為...負(fù)責(zé)contributeto導(dǎo)致；促成haveaneffecton對(duì)……有影響onbehalfof代表（代替）某人carryout執(zhí)行insearchof尋找dieout滅絕beresponsiblefor為……負(fù)責(zé)bringabout引起；導(dǎo)致endup最終……句式（一）1．ThereislittledoubtthatEarthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.毫無疑問，地球正在不斷變暖。2．Withoutthisprocess，Earthcouldnotsustainlife.如果沒有這個(gè)過程，地球就不能維持生命。3.Withthesemeasures，itisbelievedthatthebeautyoftheLiRiverwillbepreservedforgenerationstocome.有了這些措施，人們相信，漓江的美會(huì)被保留下來給后代。句式（二）1.Anexpertwhohasstudiedpolarbearsformanyyearssaidthatfromthepositionofitsdeadbody，thebearappearedtohavestarvedanddied.一位研究北極熊多年的專家說，從北極熊尸體的位置看，它似乎是餓死的。2.Theheatisreleasedbackintospaceatlongerwavelengths.熱量以更長(zhǎng)的波長(zhǎng)釋放回太空。3.Weasindividualscanalsoreduceour“carbonfootprint”byrestrictingtheamountofcarbondioxideourlifestylesproduce我們也可以通過限制生活方式產(chǎn)生的二氧化碳量來減少我們的“碳足跡”。4.Itisourresponsibilitytoseizeeveryopportunitytoeducateeveryoneaboutglobalwarming，alongwithitscausesandimpacts，becausethisisthemostseriousissueaffectingallofusonthisplanet.我們有責(zé)任抓住每一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)教育每個(gè)人，使他們了解全球變暖，它的原因和影響，因?yàn)檫@是影響我們地球上所有人最嚴(yán)重的問題。5promoteaharmoniousrelationshipbetweenmanandnature，buildasustainableenergysystem，andadvocateamoderate，green，andlow-carbonlifestyle.……倡導(dǎo)人與自然和諧相處，構(gòu)建可持續(xù)能源體系，倡導(dǎo)適度、綠色、低碳的生活方式。6.Accordingtothereportsubmittedbyresearchers，between20and25percentofallannualcarbondioxideemissionsarecausedbythedestructionoftropicalforests.根據(jù)研究人員提交的報(bào)告，每年20%到25%的二氧化碳排放是由熱帶森林的破壞造成的。7.Whyisnuclearpowerasensitivetopic?為什么核能是一個(gè)敏感話題？8.Continuedgreenhousegasemissionswillresultinfurtherwarmingandlong-lastingchangestotheglobalclimate.持續(xù)的溫室氣體排放將導(dǎo)致全球氣候進(jìn)一步變暖和長(zhǎng)期的變化。9.I’mdoingaprojectonbehalfofmyschoolaboutglobalwarming.我正在代表學(xué)校做一個(gè)關(guān)于全球變暖的項(xiàng)目。10.Theexpression“smog”originatedinBritainandmeanscombinationof“smoke”and“fog”.“煙霧”一詞起源于英國(guó)，意思是“煙”和“霧”的組合。11.Localofficialswereconcernedthatthepollutionwasdamagingthenaturalenvironmentandfeltthaturgentstepsshouldbetakentorestoretheriver’soriginalbeauty.當(dāng)?shù)毓賳T擔(dān)心污染正在破壞自然環(huán)境，并認(rèn)為應(yīng)采取緊急措施恢復(fù)河流的原貌。12.Manytourboatscontributedtotheproblemtoo.許多游船也造成了這個(gè)問題。教材話題題型綜合訓(xùn)練詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（一）1．steadilyadv.平穩(wěn)地→adj.平穩(wěn)的2．economyn．經(jīng)濟(jì)→adj.經(jīng)濟(jì)的，經(jīng)濟(jì)上的；合算的→n．經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)3．disturbv．干擾，擾亂→adj.心神不安的；煩惱的→adj.令人不安的；引起煩惱的4．operatorn．經(jīng)營(yíng)者→v．經(jīng)營(yíng)；操作→n．手術(shù)；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；操作5．conservationistn．(動(dòng)植物或古舊建筑的)保護(hù)工作者；環(huán)境保護(hù)主義者→v．保護(hù)；保存→n．保護(hù)；保持→adj.保守的；守舊的6．a(chǎn)pplicantn．申請(qǐng)人→v．申請(qǐng)；應(yīng)用；實(shí)施→n．應(yīng)用；申請(qǐng)7．favourn．支持，贊同→adj.給人好印象的；贊同的，支持的；有利的→adj.最喜歡的n．最喜愛的人或事物8．a(chǎn)dvertisev．(為……)做廣告(宣傳)；登廣告→n．廣告商→n．廣告9．negotiableadj.可協(xié)商的→v．談判；商議→n．談判10．preferencen．優(yōu)先(權(quán))；偏愛；喜愛→v．更喜歡11．qualificationn．技能條件，資格→v．取得資格；使合格；(使)有資格→adj.有資格的；合格的；勝任的詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（二）12．lightenv.照亮，使輕松→vt.啟迪；指導(dǎo)，教導(dǎo)13．exceptionaladj.異常的；特別的→adv.極其，非常14．restrictvt.限制，約束→n.限制，規(guī)定，約束15．bearableadj.可忍受的；能應(yīng)付的→adj.難以忍受的；承受不住的16．troublen.困難；苦惱→adj.引起麻煩的；令人煩惱的17．tendvi.趨向；走向；傾向→n.傾向18．initialadj.最初的→adv.起初19．excitevt.使激動(dòng)；使興奮→n.興奮，激動(dòng)20．imitatevt.模仿；仿效→n.模仿，仿效21．painn.疼痛，痛苦→adj.令人痛苦的；困難的；疼痛的詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（二）22．illegaladj.非法的；不合法的→adv.不合法地；非法地→adv.合法地23．beautyn.美；美人；美好的東西→vt.使美麗→adj.美的，美好的24．extinctadj.已滅絕的→n.滅絕→adj.使消滅的25．dangern.危險(xiǎn)；風(fēng)險(xiǎn)→vt.使遭受危險(xiǎn)；危害→adj.危險(xiǎn)的26．concernv.涉及；讓……擔(dān)憂→adj.擔(dān)心的；關(guān)切的→prep.關(guān)于；涉及27．intendvi.&vt.打算；計(jì)劃；想要→adj.打算的；計(jì)劃的→n.意圖，目的，打算28．a(chǎn)daptvi.適應(yīng)vt.使適應(yīng)；使適合→n.改編本，改寫本；適應(yīng)→adj.有適應(yīng)能力的29．threatn.威脅→vt.威脅；危及→adj.受到威脅的30．harmonyn.和諧；融洽→adj.和諧的31．existvi.存在；生存→n.存在詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（四）32．n.排放；(光、熱、氣等的)發(fā)出；射出；排放物→vt.發(fā)出；放出(熱/光/氣等)33．vi.&vt.(使)融化；熔化；軟化→adj.融化的；熔化的34．vi.&vt.(使)挨餓；餓死→n.饑餓；餓死→adj.餓極了35．vt.維持；遭受；承受住→adj.可持續(xù)的；合理利用的36．vt.限制；限定；束縛→n.限制規(guī)定；限制法規(guī)；約束37．vt.使生效；貫徹；執(zhí)行→n.執(zhí)行38．n.協(xié)調(diào)；和睦；融洽；調(diào)和→adj.和諧的→adv.和諧地39．a(chǎn)dj.適度的；中等的；溫和的→n.適度；適中；合理40．v.提交/呈遞；屈服→n.提交/呈遞；屈服/投降/歸順41．a(chǎn)dj.每年的/一年的→adj.一年兩度的→adv.一年一次地完成句子42．Despitethelossofhearing,hisoutstandingcontributiontoclassicalmusic(充分說明)hisgreattalent.43．Allthestaff(都深信這次改革會(huì)給他們帶來一個(gè)新的開始).44．(代表)theUnitedAirlinespilotsandticketcounterclerks,Iregrettotellyouoftheextendeddelaytonight.45．Pleaseallowmetothankyouforyourofferofhelp（代表）mycolleagues.46．Theanswerstothesequestionscan(充分說明，清楚表明)thecomplexpsychologicalprocess.47．LiMeispoke(代表)onbehalfofalltheteachers.48．Itisgenerallybelievedthat(溫室氣體排放是全球變暖的主要原因).49．“(要是……會(huì)怎么樣)Ican’tfinishthebook?”littleTomaskedhisfatheranxiously.50．Thereportincludes(公司未來發(fā)展的全面評(píng)估).51．O(代表)everyonehereIwanttothankyouforyourhelp.52．WhendoesLanternFestival(追溯到)?53．Whatimpressedmemostwasthe(和諧的)atmosphereattheracecourse.54．Thepatient(接受手術(shù))onhisheart.55．Hediedduringa(常規(guī)檢查)whichwentwrong.56．IfIwereyou,Ishould(抓住這次機(jī)遇)toimprovemyself.翻譯57．專業(yè)化很可能是未來人才培養(yǎng)的趨勢(shì)，職業(yè)教育可以有效補(bǔ)足技術(shù)人才缺口。(likely)58．眾所周知，我們有責(zé)任抓住每一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，教育每個(gè)人了解全球變暖。59．志愿者們正努力從非法捕獵中救出海豚，并將它們安全地送回大海。(release)60．這本新出的書使我們對(duì)世界的不同文化有了深入的了解。（insight）61．這是否意味著我們都以自己的方式美麗著？(way)閱讀理解Theoceanisarichandseeminglylawlessfrontier.It’sawaterywildwest,irresistibletohumanshopingtorobitsmanyriches.ThatisthepointthroughoutTheHighSeas:Greed,PowerandtheBattlefortheUnclaimedOcean,afast-pacedandthoroughlyreportedbookbysciencejournalistOliveHeffernan.Thebookbeginsbygoingrapidlythroughthewavesofhistorythatbroughtustotoday.ThenHeffernandevotesachaptereachtodifferentwayspeopleareincreasinglyoccupyinginternationalwaters,anexpansioncalledtheBlueAcceleration.Somearehuntingfornewfishinggrounds.OthersaresearchingfornewmedicinesintheDNAofdeep-sealivingthings.Stillothersareexploringhowtoboosttheocean’scarbonuptaketohelpslowclimatechange.Eventhespaceindustrywantsapieceoftheocean—tocreatewaterygraveyardsforuselessspacecraft.Thedescriptionfromoneoceanambitiontoanotheremphasizesoneofthebook’sbiggesttakeaways:We’veestablishedanunstablenewtypeofoceanecosystem,anditisgoingtobeincrediblydifficultmaybeimpossibletobalancealltheprioritieswhilealsoprotectingoceanhealthandbiodiversity.Conflictingdesirestorobtheseaandprotectitshowupoverandoveragain.“Nationsurgingconservationinoneareamaypushforincreasingexplorationinanother,”Heffernanwrites.TheEuropeanUnionin2021,forexample,offeredprizestoitsfishingboatstorangefartheroffshore,evenasitcommittedtosustainablefishing.Nationspromisingtoprotectsealifeandfightingclimatechangemaybethesamecountriesthatsupportdeep-seamining,whichmaybeharmfultolifeontheoceanfloor.“Theproblem,”Heffernansays,“isn’tthatthehighseasarewithoutanyrules.Rather,organizationsandbodieseachusetheirownrulebook.”Bythefinalchapter—“Hopeforthehighseas”—it’shardtoknowwhatanyonecouldactuallydotohelpsavetheocean.“We’reatacrucialcrossroads.”Heffernanwrites.“Wecancontinuegoingeverdeeperandfurtheroffshoreinoursearchfornewsourcesofwealth,orwecanstrikeamoresustainablebalance.”sheadded.62．WhatmighttheBlueAccelerationreferto?A．Theextensiveexplorationofoceans.B．Thenegativeinfluenceofclimatechange.C．Therapidexpansionofoceanicresearch.D．Theincreasedcompetitioninspaceindustry.63．Whatmightbethereasonfor“conflictingdesires”accordingtoHeffernan?A．Thegreedofhumannature. B．Theabsenceofoceanlaws.C．Thelackofaconsistentoceanpolicy. D．Thegapintechnologicaldevelopment.64．WhatcanweknowaboutHeffernan?A．Shedoubtsinternationalcooperation.B．Shecaresabouttheecologicalconsequences.C．Sheisoptimisticabouttechnologicaladvancements.D．Sheiscertainofthesuccessofoceanexploration.65．Whatisthetext?A．Anewsreport. B．Abookreview.C．Aresearchpaper. D．Apolicyproposal.七選五Onceuponatime,sewingandmendingclotheswascommon.Itwasaskillpasseddownthroughgenerations,ensuringthatgarmentswerecherishedandmaintainedforlongevity.Butwhyhavepeoplestoppedmendingtheirclothing?66.However,thetideseemstobeturning.Inthepastfewyears,there’sbeenagrowinginterestinslowfashion—notjustsavingmoney,butalsosewingandmending.67.Whyshouldyoulearntomend?68.Asanyecoexpertwilltellyou,thebestthingyoucandofortheplanetisbuylesstobeginwith.69.Additionally,it’shelpfultocustomizesecondhanditemswhichmightnotbeexactlytherightsizeoralittleoutofdate,givingthemanewleaseonlifeandkeepingthemoutofwastestreams.Beyondthefunctionalbenefits,mendingisaboutusingwhatyouhave,embracingimperfections,fixingwhat’sbroken,andrejectingtheideathatnewerisalwaysbetter.70.Ifyou’reinterestedinsewingandmending,nowistheperfecttimetolearnthisnewskill,whichcanhaveaprofoundlypositiveimpactontheworld.A．Schoolsstoppedofferinghomeeconomicsclasses,technologyboomedmakingnewclothesreadilyavailable,andfastfashionbecameincreasinglypopular,makingitmoreconvenienttobuysomethingnewthantofixwhatwasbroken.B．OnoneofthemostpleasantcornersoftheInternet,you’llfindcountlessvideosshowcasingeverythingfromvisiblemendingtobeginnersewingjourneys,indicatingaresurgenceintheartofrepair.C．Fromanenvironmentalperspective,it’sessential.D．It’smeditative,slowworkthatallowsyoutoconnectwithyourpossessionsonadeeperlevel.It’sproductive,deeplysatisfying,andanactofpersonalandenvironmentalstewardship.E．Thatmeansshoppingforqualityitemsthatwillstandthetestoftime,butalsolearningafewkeyskillssoyoucanrepairthoseitemsasneededratherthansendingthemtoanalready-overfilledlandfill.F．Mendingclothesisadyingartthathaslittlerelevanceintoday’sconsumer-drivensociety.完形填空In1994,theBrazilianphotographerSalgadowentbacktohishomelandinMinasGerais,Brazil.Hewas71toseethelandrunbyhisfamily.Thethickforesttherewasonceaparadise(樂園)forhimandhisfriends,bringingthem72memories.Tohisshock,hesawatotallydifferent73.Only0.5%ofthelandwascoveredwithtrees.“Thelandwasassickasaseriouspatient—everythingwas74duetodeforestation(亂砍濫伐).”Salgadosaid75duringameetingonclimatechangeinParis.Salgado76thatheshoulddosomethingforit.Thenhe77anideaofreplantingtreesontheland,thoughbeyondexpectations,received78fromhiswifeandrelatives.Soonthewholefamily79andtheresultsareexcellent.80,thelandischanging:Itiscoveredwithgreentreesagainandsomeoftheinsects,birdsandotheranimalslivinginthelandbefore81.Thelandhasbeenbroughtbacktolife.The82family’seffortalsoimpressedpeoplearoundthem.They83cuttingdowntreesandbegantoprotecttheenvironment.“Theworkovertheyearsisquitedifficultbutwellworththe84andIthinkeverybitofdevotedwork85.”saidSalgado.Therefore,everyoneshouldplayapartinprotectingtheenvironment.71．A．sorry B．ready C．eager D．willing72．A．wonderful B．embarrassing C．complex D．painful73．A．direction B．a(chǎn)tmosphere C．plan D．sight74．A．disturbed B．destroyed C．prohibited D．a(chǎn)bandoned75．A．calmly B．nervously C．sadly D．lightly76．A．a(chǎn)dmitted B．realized C．a(chǎn)greed D．proved77．A．thoughtup B．laughedat C．turneddown D．triedout78．A．doubts B．permission C．suggestions D．support79．A．backedoff B．brokeup C．tookaction D．gotthrough80．A．Suddenly B．Finally C．Gradually D．Generally81．A．returned B．escaped C．a(chǎn)pproached D．died82．A．generous B．brave C．devoted D．considerate83．A．forgot B．stopped C．delayed D．missed84．A．comment B．promise C．offer D．effort85．A．increases B．matches C．improves D．matters單句語法填空86．Inresponsetothisenvironmentalissue,Chinaisaimingtorestrictcoalconsumptionandpromotea(harmony)relationshipbetweenmanandnature.87．Withamission(cultivate)China’spremiermusiclandscape,besidesthefirstshow,Singer2024promisesaudiencesanother11liveshowsthat(broadcast)inrealtimethroughouttheseason.88．(harmony)relationshipsarewhatmanycompaniesaimtocultivate.89．WhenIreachedthevillage,Ifounditssurroundingsdifficult(tolerate).90．Thedocumentsareavailablefor(inspect).91．I’msorrytosaythatIbroketraffic(regulate)yesterdayandgotaticket.92．Themuseumhasthemostsignificantcollectionoftimepiecesintheworld,mainly(originate)fromEuropeandChina.93．TheUNESCOWorldHeritageCenterrepeatedlyurgesthatsomeculturalrelicsinEgypt(restore)inordertopreventthemfromcollapse.94．Ifwasteswerenotrecycled,theywouldendup(burn),givingoutgreenhousegases.95．Sincethecity(undergo)toomuchpollution,citizensundertooktoreducecarbonemissions.96．Becauseofglobalwarming,theiceatthepolesismelting,(cause)thesealeveltorise.97．Dozensofenterprises(submit)theirplanstoreducetheircarbonfootprintinthepasttendays.98．Withthemoderatemeasures,we(build)aharmonioussocietyinthefuture.99．Haveyouyourproposals?DokeepinmindthatthefinaldatefortheisMay15.(submit)100．Butfortherain,we(have)aniceholiday.語篇填空ScientistsfirstdiscoveredthetwospeciesintheWolongNationalNatureReservein2021.Theylater101(establish)thattheywereneworchid(蘭花)andprimrose(報(bào)春花)species.Andthen,thetinyorchid,Gastrochilusheminii,102(add)tothelistasadata-absentspeciesbytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature,meaningmoreinformationtoassessitsriskof103(extinct).Theprimrosespecies,anotherdata-absentflora,growsoncliffsatanaltitudeof3,400meters.Sofar,scientistshaveonlyfoundonepatchofthisflowerinthewild,makingit104(exceptional)rare.Chinaownssomeoftherichestbiodiversityintheworldandhasarelativelyfinefloraprotectionsystem,accordingtoawhitepaperonChina’sbiodiversityprotection.Thereasonsforthewealthofmany105(discovery)arenewtransportationinfrastructureandtechnologyenablingscientiststogodeepintounmappedregions.Thesecondreasonisthatasscientists’understandingoftaxonomy(分類學(xué))deepens,someplantsspecies106werefoundinthepastwerelaterreclassifiedasnewspecies.ThethirdreasonisthatChina’smassiveecologicalrestorationprogramshavehelpedanumberofendangeredspeciestoreappear,whichhas107profoundeffectonecologyinChina.Asof2021,Chinahadaround200conservationbotanicalgardens,108(create)someprotectiveplacesformorethan23,000speciesofflora.Rarenativeplantsholdresearchvalueandtheyarereferredto109themodelsforconservationeffortsandgetthepublic110(interest)inscienceandnature.應(yīng)用文寫作假定你是李華，你校將舉辦以“Let’sbuildagreencity”為主題的英文演講比賽。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)寫一篇演講稿。1.創(chuàng)建“綠色城市”的重要性；2.如何從我做起去創(chuàng)建“綠色城市”。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)該為80左右；2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案詞匯（一）1.ecologyn．生態(tài);生態(tài)學(xué)2．meltvi.&vt.(使)融化;熔化;軟化3．releasevt.&n．排放;釋放;發(fā)布4．carbonn．碳5．fueln．燃料;刺激性言行6．comprehensiveadj.全部的;所有的;詳盡的7．trendn．趨勢(shì);趨向;動(dòng)向8．broadcastvt.&vi.廣播;傳播n．廣播節(jié)目9．policyn．政策;方針;原則10．seizevt.抓住;奪取;控制11．basinn．流域;盆地;盆12．reformvt.&vi.改革;(使)改正n．改革;變革13．a(chǎn)nnualadj.每年的;一年的n．年刊;年鑒14．chaosn．混亂;雜亂;紊亂15．nuclearadj.原子能的;核能的;原子核的16．junglen．(熱帶)從林;密林17．smogn．煙霧(煙與霧混合的空氣污染物)18．volumen．量;體積;(成套書籍中的)一卷19．garbagen．垃圾;廢物20．enterprisen．公司;企業(yè);事業(yè)21．restorevt.恢復(fù);使復(fù)原;修復(fù)22．dozenn．(一)打;十二個(gè)23．finevt.對(duì)……處以罰款24．campaignn．運(yùn)動(dòng);戰(zhàn)役vi.&vt.參加運(yùn)動(dòng)25．a(chǎn)gendan．議程表;議事詞匯（二）1．graphn．圖;圖表;曲線圖2．emissionn．排放物;散發(fā)物;排放3．sealn．海豹4．methanen．甲烷;沼氣5．dioxiden．二氧化物6．habitableadj.適合居住的7．fossiln．化石8．worldwideadv.遍及全球地adj.世界各地的9．footprintn．足跡;(某物所占的)空間量;面積10．penguinn．企鵝11．undergovt.經(jīng)歷;經(jīng)受(變化、不快等)12．implementvt.使生效;貫徹;執(zhí)行13．moderateadj.適度的;中等的vi.&vt.緩和14．tropicaladj.熱帶的;來自熱帶的15．originatevi.&vt.起源;發(fā)源;創(chuàng)立16．regulationn．章程;規(guī)章制度17．disposaln．去掉;清除;處理18．waterwayn．水道;航道19．Norway挪威(北歐國(guó)家)短語1．carbondioxide二氧化碳2．fossilfuel化石燃料(如煤或石油)3．onbehalfof代表(代替)某人4．dozensof許多；很多5．beshockedby被...震驚6．force...todo迫使...做某事betrappedin陷入困境；被困在referto指的是；提到；參考；涉及hugeamountsof大量的leadto導(dǎo)致takeaction采取行動(dòng)causedamage造成損傷；造成損害haveanimpacton對(duì)...有影響takeresponsibilityfor為...負(fù)責(zé)contributeto導(dǎo)致；促成haveaneffecton對(duì)……有影響onbehalfof代表（代替）某人carryout執(zhí)行insearchof尋找dieout滅絕beresponsiblefor為……負(fù)責(zé)bringabout引起；導(dǎo)致endup最終……句式（一）1．ThereislittledoubtthatEarthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.毫無疑問，地球正在不斷變暖。2．Withoutthisprocess，Earthcouldnotsustainlife.如果沒有這個(gè)過程，地球就不能維持生命。3.Withthesemeasures，itisbelievedthatthebeautyoftheLiRiverwillbepreservedforgenerationstocome.有了這些措施，人們相信，漓江的美會(huì)被保留下來給后代。句式（二）1.Anexpertwhohasstudiedpolarbearsformanyyearssaidthatfromthepositionofitsdeadbody，thebearappearedtohavestarvedanddied.一位研究北極熊多年的專家說，從北極熊尸體的位置看，它似乎是餓死的。2.Theheatisreleasedbackintospaceatlongerwavelengths.熱量以更長(zhǎng)的波長(zhǎng)釋放回太空。3.Weasindividualscanalsoreduceour“carbonfootprint”byrestrictingtheamountofcarbondioxideourlifestylesproduce我們也可以通過限制生活方式產(chǎn)生的二氧化碳量來減少我們的“碳足跡”。4.Itisourresponsibilitytoseizeeveryopportunitytoeducateeveryoneaboutglobalwarming，alongwithitscausesandimpacts，becausethisisthemostseriousissueaffectingallofusonthisplanet.我們有責(zé)任抓住每一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)教育每個(gè)人，使他們了解全球變暖，它的原因和影響，因?yàn)檫@是影響我們地球上所有人最嚴(yán)重的問題。5promoteaharmoniousrelationshipbetweenmanandnature，buildasustainableenergysystem，andadvocateamoderate，green，andlow-carbonlifestyle.……倡導(dǎo)人與自然和諧相處，構(gòu)建可持續(xù)能源體系，倡導(dǎo)適度、綠色、低碳的生活方式。6.Accordingtothereportsubmittedbyresearchers，between20and25percentofallannualcarbondioxideemissionsarecausedbythedestructionoftropicalforests.根據(jù)研究人員提交的報(bào)告，每年20%到25%的二氧化碳排放是由熱帶森林的破壞造成的。7.Whyisnuclearpowerasensitivetopic?為什么核能是一個(gè)敏感話題？8.Continuedgreenhousegasemissionswillresultinfurtherwarmingandlong-lastingchangestotheglobalclimate.持續(xù)的溫室氣體排放將導(dǎo)致全球氣候進(jìn)一步變暖和長(zhǎng)期的變化。9.I’mdoingaprojectonbehalfofmyschoolaboutglobalwarming.我正在代表學(xué)校做一個(gè)關(guān)于全球變暖的項(xiàng)目。10.Theexpression“smog”originatedinBritainandmeanscombinationof“smoke”and“fog”.“煙霧”一詞起源于英國(guó)，意思是“煙”和“霧”的組合。11.Localofficialswereconcernedthatthepollutionwasdamagingthenaturalenvironmentandfeltthaturgentstepsshouldbetakentorestoretheriver’soriginalbeauty.當(dāng)?shù)毓賳T擔(dān)心污染正在破壞自然環(huán)境，并認(rèn)為應(yīng)采取緊急措施恢復(fù)河流的原貌。12.Manytourboatscontributedtotheproblemtoo.許多游船也造成了這個(gè)問題。教材話題題型綜合訓(xùn)練詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（一）1．steadilyadv.平穩(wěn)地→adj.平穩(wěn)的2．economyn．經(jīng)濟(jì)→adj.經(jīng)濟(jì)的，經(jīng)濟(jì)上的；合算的→n．經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)3．disturbv．干擾，擾亂→adj.心神不安的；煩惱的→adj.令人不安的；引起煩惱的4．operatorn．經(jīng)營(yíng)者→v．經(jīng)營(yíng)；操作→n．手術(shù)；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；操作5．conservationistn．(動(dòng)植物或古舊建筑的)保護(hù)工作者；環(huán)境保護(hù)主義者→v．保護(hù)；保存→n．保護(hù)；保持→adj.保守的；守舊的6．a(chǎn)pplicantn．申請(qǐng)人→v．申請(qǐng)；應(yīng)用；實(shí)施→n．應(yīng)用；申請(qǐng)7．favourn．支持，贊同→adj.給人好印象的；贊同的，支持的；有利的→adj.最喜歡的n．最喜愛的人或事物8．a(chǎn)dvertisev．(為……)做廣告(宣傳)；登廣告→n．廣告商→n．廣告9．negotiableadj.可協(xié)商的→v．談判；商議→n．談判10．preferencen．優(yōu)先(權(quán))；偏愛；喜愛→v．更喜歡11．qualificationn．技能條件，資格→v．取得資格；使合格；(使)有資格→adj.有資格的；合格的；勝任的【答案】1．steady2．economiceconomics3．disturbeddisturbing4．operateoperation5．conserveconservationconservative6．a(chǎn)pplyapplication7．favourablefavourite8．a(chǎn)dvertiseradvertisement9．negotiatenegotiation10．prefer11．qualifyqualified詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（二）12．lightenv.照亮，使輕松→vt.啟迪；指導(dǎo)，教導(dǎo)13．exceptionaladj.異常的；特別的→adv.極其，非常14．restrictvt.限制，約束→n.限制，規(guī)定，約束15．bearableadj.可忍受的；能應(yīng)付的→adj.難以忍受的；承受不住的16．troublen.困難；苦惱→adj.引起麻煩的；令人煩惱的17．tendvi.趨向；走向；傾向→n.傾向18．initialadj.最初的→adv.起初19．excitevt.使激動(dòng)；使興奮→n.興奮，激動(dòng)20．imitatevt.模仿；仿效→n.模仿，仿效21．painn.疼痛，痛苦→adj.令人痛苦的；困難的；疼痛的【答案】12．enlighten13．exceptionally14．restriction15．unbearable16．troublesome17．tendency18．initially19．excitement20．imitation21．painful詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（二）22．illegaladj.非法的；不合法的→adv.不合法地；非法地→adv.合法地23．beautyn.美；美人；美好的東西→vt.使美麗→adj.美的，美好的24．extinctadj.已滅絕的→n.滅絕→adj.使消滅的25．dangern.危險(xiǎn)；風(fēng)險(xiǎn)→vt.使遭受危險(xiǎn)；危害→adj.危險(xiǎn)的26．concernv.涉及；讓……擔(dān)憂→adj.擔(dān)心的；關(guān)切的→prep.關(guān)于；涉及27．intendvi.&vt.打算；計(jì)劃；想要→adj.打算的；計(jì)劃的→n.意圖，目的，打算28．a(chǎn)daptvi.適應(yīng)vt.使適應(yīng)；使適合→n.改編本，改寫本；適應(yīng)→adj.有適應(yīng)能力的29．threatn.威脅→vt.威脅；危及→adj.受到威脅的30．harmonyn.和諧；融洽→adj.和諧的31．existvi.存在；生存→n.存在【答案】22．illegallylegally23．beautifybeautiful24．extinctionextinctive25．endangerdangerous26．concernedconcerning27．intendedintention28．a(chǎn)daptationadaptive29．threatenthreatened30．harmonious31．existence詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（四）32．n.排放；(光、熱、氣等的)發(fā)出；射出；排放物→vt.發(fā)出；放出(熱/光/氣等)33．vi.&vt.(使)融化；熔化；軟化→adj.融化的；熔化的34．vi.&vt.(使)挨餓；餓死→n.饑餓；餓死→adj.餓極了35．vt.維持；遭受；承受住→adj.可持續(xù)的；合理利用的36．vt.限制；限定；束縛→n.限制規(guī)定；限制法規(guī)；約束37．vt.使生效；貫徹；執(zhí)行→n.執(zhí)行38．n.協(xié)調(diào)；和睦；融洽；調(diào)和→adj.和諧的→adv.和諧地39．a(chǎn)dj.適度的；中等的；溫和的→n.適度；適中；合理40．v.提交/呈遞；屈服→n.提交/呈遞；屈服/投降/歸順41．a(chǎn)dj.每年的/一年的→adj.一年兩度的→adv.一年一次地【答案】32．emissionemit33．meltmelting34．starvestarvationstarving35．sustainsustainable36．restrictrestriction37．implementimplementation38．harmonyharmoniousharmoniously39．moderatemoderation40．submitsubmission41．a(chǎn)nnualbiannualannually完成句子42．Despitethelossofhearing,hisoutstandingcontributiontoclassicalmusic(充分說明)hisgreattalent.【答案】speaksvolumesabout【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：盡管失去了聽力，但他對(duì)古典音樂的杰出貢獻(xiàn)充分說明了他的才華。根據(jù)漢語提示可知，speakvolumesabout“充分說明”，句子是描述一個(gè)事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語contribution表示單數(shù)意義，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，故填speaksvolumesabout。43．Allthestaff(都深信這次改革會(huì)給他們帶來一個(gè)新的開始).【答案】areconvincedthatthereformwillbringthemanewstart【詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：所有的員工都深信這次改革會(huì)給他們帶來一個(gè)新的開始。主語staff指人，指“全體員工”，為復(fù)數(shù)，“深信”使用形容詞convinced作表語，此處用“be+形容詞+賓語從句”結(jié)構(gòu)，“改革”使用名詞reform作從句主語，“給某人帶來某物”使用動(dòng)詞短語bringsbsth，“一個(gè)新的開始”譯為anewstart，從句結(jié)構(gòu)、意義完整，應(yīng)用that引導(dǎo)，主句是描述一個(gè)事實(shí)，使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句是描述將來的事情，用一般將來時(shí)，故填areconvincedthatthereformwillbringthemanewstart。44．(代表)theUnitedAirlinespilotsandticketcounterclerks,Iregrettotellyouoftheextendeddelaytonight.【答案】Onbehalfof【詳解】考查介詞短語。句意：我代表聯(lián)合航空的飛行員和售票柜臺(tái)職員，很遺憾地告訴大家今晚航班延誤時(shí)間延長(zhǎng)。根據(jù)漢語提示“代表”，以及下文theUnitedAirlinespilotsandticketcounterclerks，可知此處應(yīng)填onbehalfof作狀語，且位于句首首字母需大寫。故填Onbehalfof。45．Pleaseallowmetothankyouforyourofferofhelp（代表）mycolleagues.【答案】onbehalfof【詳解】考查介詞短語。句意：請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我代表我的同事感謝你提供的幫助。根據(jù)句意和中文提示可知，表示“代表”應(yīng)用onbehalfof，為介詞短語，在本句中作狀語。故填onbehalfof。46．Theanswerstothesequestionscan(充分說明，清楚表明)thecomplexpsychologicalprocess.【答案】speakvolumesabout【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：這些問題的答案可以充分說明復(fù)雜的心理過程。根據(jù)句意和中文提示可知，表示“充分說明，清楚表明”應(yīng)用speakvolumesabout，為動(dòng)詞短語，在本句中作謂語動(dòng)詞，且情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形。故填speakvolumesabout。47．LiMeispoke(代表)onbehalfofalltheteachers.【答案】onbehalfof【詳解】考查介詞短語。句意：李梅代表全體老師發(fā)言。根據(jù)漢語意思提示可知，此處為介詞短語onbehalf