Unit1-語法課-公開課課件（三）

Unit1Unit1Learningaboutlanguage必修2DiscoveringusefulstructuresSentenceswithattributiveclauses:ThisgiftwastheAmberRoom,whichwasgiventhisnamebecauseseveraltonsofamberwereusedtomakeit.2.Theamberwhichwasselectedhadabeautifulyellow-browncolourlikehoney.3.Itwasalsoatreasuredecoratedwithgoldandjewels,whichtookthecountry’sbestartistsabouttenyearstomake.Canyoufindoutmorethesentenceswithattributiveclauses?Answerstoexercise2:Restrictiveattributiveclausesgiveimportantinformationtofindaparticularthingorpersonfromtwoormoreotherthingsorpeople.(seethesentence2inexercise1)2.Non-restrictiveattributiveclausesgiveextrainformationwhichisinterestingorusefulbutnotessentialforfindingaparticularthingorperson.(seethesentences1,3inexercise1)GrammarTheRestrictiveandNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句限制性定語從句構(gòu)成：+,+關(guān)系詞先行詞Iamastudent,IamstudyinginNo.1middleschoolofourcityIamastudent

whoisstudyinginNo.1middleschoolofourcity+其他部分非限制性定語從句構(gòu)成：+,+關(guān)系詞先行詞Shehastwobrothers,(whoareworkinginthecity).+其他部分關(guān)系代詞的指代關(guān)系指人指物在定語從句中的作用WhoWhomWhichwhose√√主語 賓語主語 賓語定語√√√賓語指代整個(gè)主句關(guān)系副詞的指代關(guān)系指地點(diǎn)指時(shí)間在定語從句中的作用WhereWhen√√時(shí)間狀語地點(diǎn)狀語介詞+which1.限制性定語從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語,如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意義。這種從句和主句的關(guān)系十分密切，寫時(shí)不用逗號(hào)分開。限制性定語從句中作賓語的關(guān)系代詞?？墒÷浴Ｈ?(1)Whatisthenameofthetallwomanwhoisstandingthere?

站在那邊的那個(gè)女人叫什么名字?(2)Torontoisacity(that)I'vealwayswantedtovisit.

多倫多是我常想去參觀的一個(gè)城市。2.非限制性定語從句和主句關(guān)系不十分密切,只是對(duì)先行詞作些附加的說明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。這種從句和主句之間往往用逗號(hào)分開,一般不用that和why引導(dǎo)。非限制性定語從句中,關(guān)系詞不可省略。如：(1)YesterdayImetProfessorKing,whocamefromtheUniversityofLondon.昨天我遇見金教授,他從是倫敦大學(xué)來的。(2)Helentmeadictionary,whichwasjustwhatIneeded.他借給我一本詞典,這正是我所需要的。3.大多數(shù)限制性和非限制性定語從句的先行詞往往為某一個(gè)詞或短語,而特殊場(chǎng)合非限制性定語從句的先行詞也可為整個(gè)主句,此時(shí)非限制性定語從句常由which引導(dǎo)。如：(1)Amiddle-agedwomankilledherhusband,whichfrightenedmeverymuch.一個(gè)中年女子殺害了其丈夫，這事令我十分恐懼。解析:從語境可知，令我恐懼的內(nèi)容應(yīng)為中年女子殺害了其丈夫這整個(gè)一件事,因此先行詞為整個(gè)主句，此時(shí)應(yīng)由which引導(dǎo)定語從句。(2)Afive-year-oldboycanspeaktwoforeignlanguages,whichsurprisesallthepeoplepresent.一個(gè)五歲的男孩會(huì)講兩門外語,令所有在場(chǎng)的人感到非常驚訝。解析:從語境可知,令所有在場(chǎng)的人感到驚訝的內(nèi)容是一個(gè)五歲男孩會(huì)講兩門外語這整個(gè)一件事，因此先行詞為整個(gè)主句，此時(shí)應(yīng)由which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。Asissaidinthenewspaper,twofarmerssawtheUFOinthefield.Ilikethehouse,whosewindowsfacethesea.As引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句,意味“正如...”常位于句首,which不可以。先行詞在從句做定語,用關(guān)系詞whose品讀規(guī)律介詞+關(guān)系代詞，介詞的選用，要根據(jù)從句的謂語動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成。PeoplewillrememberAugust8th,2008,when29thOlympicGameswasheldinBeijing.先行詞在從句中作時(shí)間狀語,用when或介詞+which。Cindyisalovelygirl,withwhommanypeopleliketomakefriends.

1.Shehastwobrotherswhoareworkinginthecity.

她有兩個(gè)弟弟在這個(gè)城市工作。（意含：她還有其他弟弟。）Shehastwobrothers,

whoareworkinginthecity.

她有兩個(gè)弟弟,他們?cè)谶@個(gè)城市工作。（意含：她只有兩個(gè)弟弟。）品味一“翻”2.Hewillwearnoclotheswhichwillmakehimdifferentfromothers.

他不會(huì)穿一些使他顯得與眾不同的衣服。

Hewillwearnoclothes,

whichwillmakehimdifferentfromothers.

他不穿衣服,這會(huì)使他顯得與眾不同。Herbrotherwhoisnowasoldieralwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她那當(dāng)兵的哥哥總是鼓勵(lì)她上大學(xué)。(意含:她還有其他哥哥)Herbrother,whoisnowasoldier,alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她哥哥是當(dāng)兵的,他總是鼓勵(lì)她上大學(xué)。(意含:她只有一個(gè)哥哥)3.Allthebooksthathavepicturesinthem

arewellwritten.所有里面帶插圖的書都寫得很好。(意含:不帶插圖的書則不一定寫得好)Allthebooks,whichhavepicturesinthem,arewellwritten.所有的書都帶插圖,這些書都寫得很好。(意含:沒有不帶插圖的書)當(dāng)我們做非限制性定語從句的練習(xí)時(shí),往往先確定先行詞，然后再分析先行詞在從句中的作用，再對(duì)關(guān)系詞加以選擇。整理一番嘗試篇non-restrictiveattributiveclause錯(cuò)漏“擺”出1.PeopleareexcitedtomeetZhaiZhigang,hewasthefirstChinesetowalkinspace.2.ManyChinesewillneverforgetMay12th,2008,whenabigearthquakehappenedinSichuanthen.3.WhichisshownonTV,manychildrensufferedalotfromthepollutedmilk.hewhothen去掉WhichAs請(qǐng)同學(xué)們拿出答題器進(jìn)行搶答4.LinHaoisahero,whoweshouldlearn.5.ChinagotthemostgoldmedalsintheOlympics,thatmakespeopleexcited.6.IdreamofgoingtoBeijing,whichthe29thOlympicGameswasheld.whofromwhomthatwhichwhichwhere/inwhichwhoweshouldlearnfrom請(qǐng)同學(xué)們拿出答題器進(jìn)行搶答小試牛刀篇non-restrictiveattributiveclausecompetitionHangzhouisabeautifulcity,_____________peoplevisitthefamousWestLake.2.Beijing,_________isthecapitalofChina,hasaverylonghistory.3.______isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.4.Theyoungmanhadanewgirlfriend,________isapopstar.whichAswhowhere/inwhich5.Ishouldthankmyteacher,with______help,Isolvedtheproblem.6.HeonceworkedontheBird’sNest,___________hissonisproud.whoseofwhich習(xí)慣篇開心十分篇non-restrictiveattributiveclause“Doctor,”shesaidloudly,breakingintotheroom,_____therewasaman,“Iwantyoutotellwhatiswrongwithme.”Helookedatherfromheadtofoot,thensaid,“____isshowninthemirror,I'vejustthreethingstotellyou.Fillintheblankswithproperlinkwords.ThedoctorlivesdownstairswhereAsFirst,Isuggestyou,mylady,_________weightneedsreducingbynearlyfiftypounds.Second,youmayuse1/10asmuchlipstick(口紅),by______youwillbeprettier.Andthird,I’manartistthedoctor,______youarelookingfor,livesdownstairs."whichwhomwhoseExercises1.Thebooktellsstoriesoftheearthquakethroughtheeyesofthose_______liveswereaffected.whoseB.thatC.whoD.which【答案】A【解析】考查定語從句。其中those作為先行詞，定語從句中缺少lives的定語，故用whose。

2.Happinessandsuccessoftencometothose____aregoodatrecognizingtheirownstrengths.A.whom B.whoC.what D.which【答案】B【解析】考查定語從句。先行詞為those，指人；定語從句中缺少主語，故使用關(guān)系代詞who。3.ThepresidentoftheWorldBanksayshehasapassionforChina

,heremembersstartingasearlyashischildhood.whereB.whichC.whatD.when【答案】B【解析】考查定語從句。先行詞為passion，定語從句中缺少賓語，故用關(guān)系代詞which。4.Johninvitedabout40peopletohiswedding,mostof

arefamilymembers.AthemB.thatC.whichD.whom【答案】D【解析】考查定語從句。先行詞為40people，定語從句中缺少主語，故使用whom。介詞之后不能用that，應(yīng)予以排除；which指先行詞為物；them為人稱代詞，應(yīng)用于并列句中。5.Thechildren,______hadplayedthewholedaylong,werewornout.A.allofwhatB.allofwhichC.allofthemD.allofwhom【答案】D【解析】考查定語從句。先判斷為定語從句，先行詞為children，故答案為D。6.Weliveinanagemoreinformationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverbefore.WhyB.when C.towhomD.onwhich【答案】B【解析】when引導(dǎo)定義從句，在從句中做時(shí)間狀語，修飾先行詞anage（時(shí)代）.此處的when=atwhich。7.Inourclassthereare46students,_____halfwearglasses.inwhomB.inthemC.ofwhomD.ofthem【答案】C

【解析】本題考查定語從句。前后兩句話之間無連詞，故不能用人稱代詞them,而應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whom引導(dǎo)定語從句；在46個(gè)學(xué)生當(dāng)中，表所屬，應(yīng)用of。故答案選C。8.StephenHawkingbelievesthatearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanet_____lifehasdevelopedgradually.A.that B.whereC.which D.whose9.I’vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool_____ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which

BA

10.TheBeatles,___manyofyouareoldenoughtoremember,camefromLiverpool.A.

what

B.that

C.how

D.as

D11._____isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsaroundtheearthonceeverymonth.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.whatB12.Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,___cameasasurprise.A.it

B.that

C.which

D.heC13.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,___wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.what

B.which

C.that

D.itB14.Bynineo’clock,alltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofMountQomolangma,____appearedararerainbowsoon.A.ofwhichB.onwhichC.fromwhichD.abovewhichD15.Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors,_____arebeyondourcontrol.A.mostofthemB.mostofwhichC.mostofwhatD.mostofthatB16.TheScienceMuseum,______wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,isoneofLondon’stouristattractions.A.which B.what

C.that

D.whereA17.Theroadconditionsthereturnedouttobeverygood,____wasmorethanwecouldexpect.

A.it

B.what

C.which

D.thatC18.Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,

_____weremadeofsmalldiamonds.

A.thehandsofwhom

B.whomthehandsof

C.whichthehandsof

D.thehandsofwhichD19.Formanycitiesintheworld,thereisnoroomtospreadoutfurther,_______NewYorkisanexample.

A.forwhichB.inwhich

C.ofwhich

D.fromwhichC20.Yesterdayshesoldhercar,______

sheboughtamonthago.

A.whom

B.where

C.that

D.which21.I’llgiveyouyourfriend’shomeaddress,____Icanbereachedmostevenings.A.whichB.whenC.whomD.whereDD22.TheywillflytoWashington,____theyplantostayfortwoorthreedays.A.where B.thereC.which D.when23.Alltheneighboradmirethisfamily,______theparentsaretreatingtheirchildlikeafriend.A.whyB.whereC.whichD.thatAB24.Shewasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,ofcourse,_____madetheothersunhappy.whichB.whoC.thisD.what25.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown_______hegrewupasachild.whichB.whenC.thatD.whereA

D

26.Thegentleman______youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whomD.withwhom27.Pleasetakeanyseat____isfree.A.whichB.whereC.inwhichD.thatB

D

28.Theoldmanhastwosons,_______isasoldier.A.oneofwhomB.bothofthemC.allofwhomD.noneofthem29.NewYorkisfamousforitssky-scrapers(摩天大樓)_____hasmorethan100storeys.A.thehigherofthemB.thehighestofwhichC.thehighestofthemD.someofwhichA

B

30.Mr.Wangisaboss,______factoryLiPingworked.A.inwhoseB.whoseC.inwhomD.ofwhich31.Idon’tliketheway_____youspeaktoher.A./B.thatC.inwhichD.AllA,B,andCA

D

32.Ishallneverforgettheyears_______Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers,______hasagoodeffectonmylife.A.that,whichB.when,whichC.which,thatD.when,who33._____isknowntoall,Chinawillbeanadvancedandpowerfulcountryin20or30year