Unit3EnvironmentalProtectionDiscoverUsefulStructures課件-高中英語(yǔ)人教版選擇性

Unit3語(yǔ)法精講直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)Thereporterasked,“Howcanwesavepolarbearsfromextinction”Thereporteraskedhowwecouldsavepolarbearsfromextinction.DirectSpeechIndirectSpeech“Let’sworktogethertostopclimatechange,”theexpertsaid.Theexpertadvisedustoworktogethertostopclimatechange.概念直接引述別人的原話，叫____________;直接引語(yǔ)用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫_________。間接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)通常都用_________括起來(lái)，引號(hào)“”間接引語(yǔ)在多數(shù)情況下都構(gòu)成一個(gè)________。賓語(yǔ)從句直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句中的人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞、句型等一般要作相應(yīng)的變化。人稱變化01人稱變化（1）“Idon’tknowthat,”

hesaid.Hesaidthathedidn’tknowthat.（2）Shesaidtome,”Youcangowithme.”ShesaidtomethatIcouldgowithher.（3）Shesaidtome,”Hewillgohome.”Shesaidtomethathewouldgohome.人稱變化規(guī)律總結(jié)一隨主二隨賓三不變Exercise：(1)”Iwilleandseeyouagainthisevening，Tom，”shesaid.→ShetoldTomthatwouldgoandsee______againthatevening.(2）Hesaidtome，“Youarewrong.”→Hetoldmethatwaswrong.sheIhimExercise：(3)”Areyouasoldier”heasked.→Heaskedif/whether_____wasasoldier.(4）Heasked，“Whereareyougoingtogetoff,John”→HeaskedJohnwhere______wasgoingtogetoff.Ihe時(shí)態(tài)變化02時(shí)態(tài)變化

直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)

一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)Exercise：(1）Theteachersaid，“YouaredoingOK.”→Theteachersaidthat_____________doingOK.(2）Hesaid，“Ihavewrittenanovel.”→Hesaidthat______________________anovel.(3）Hesaid,”Shewilleheretohavealongholiday.”→Hesaidthat_______________gotheretohavealongholiday.wewerehehadwrittenshewouldExercise：(4）Theteachersaid,”Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.”→Theteachersaidthatwherethere______awill，there_____away.(5）Janesaid,”Mary，whereareyougoingwhenImetyouonthebus”→JaneaskedMarywhere__________________whenshemetheronthebus.isshewasgoingis1.人稱的變化一隨主、二隨賓、第三人稱不更新。一隨主：直接引語(yǔ)中第一人稱變?yōu)榕c主句的主語(yǔ)相一致的人稱。二隨賓：直接引語(yǔ)中第二人稱變?yōu)楹烷g接賓語(yǔ)（即聽話人）相一致的人稱。第三人稱不更新：直接引語(yǔ)中第三人稱變?yōu)殚g接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，人稱不變?！癐don’tknowthat,”hesaid.Hesaidthathedidn’t

knowthat.Hesaid,“Ilikeitverymuch.”Hesaidthathelikeditverymuch.Hesaidtome,“I’veleftmybookinyourroom.Hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinmyroom.Isaidtoher,“Ihavedonemybest.”ItoldherthatIhaddonemybest.人稱變化句型轉(zhuǎn)換（1）“Iwilleandseeyouagainthisevening，Tom，”shesaid.→ShetoldTomthatwouldgoandseeagainthatevening.（2）Hesaidtome，“Youarewrong.”→Hetoldmethatwaswrong.（3）“Areyouasoldier”heasked.→Heaskedif/whetherwasasoldier.（4）Heasked，“Whereareyougoingtogetoff，John”→HeaskedJohnwherewasgoingtogetoff.sheIhimIhe2.時(shí)態(tài)的變化直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果主句是過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)，則大多數(shù)情況下間接引語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)相應(yīng)向前推一個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)。直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)

一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)（不變）一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)“Idon’tknowthat,”hesaid.Hesaidthathedidn’tknowthat.1.如果直接引語(yǔ)表述的是客觀真理，變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。Theteachersaidtous,“Lightrunsmuchfasterthansound.”→Theteachertolduslightrunsmuchfasterthansound.注意Theteachersaid,“WorldWarIIendedin1945.”

→TheteachersaidthatWorldWarIIendedin1945.2.如果直接引語(yǔ)中有明確的表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)，變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。注意Myfathersaidtome,“Thehousewaspletelytransformedin2017.”Myfathertoldmethatthehousewaspletelytransformedin2017.語(yǔ)序變化（1）“Idon’tknowthat,”

hesaid.Hesaidthathe

didn’tknowthat.

陳述句用that引導(dǎo)（2）Motheraskedme,“Haveyoufinishedyourhomework”Motheraskedmewhether/ifIhadfinishedmyhomework.

一般疑問(wèn)句用whether/if引導(dǎo)語(yǔ)序變化（3）“Howmanysleepingpillshaveyoutaken”askedthenurse.ThenurseaskedmehowmanysleepingpillsIhadtaken.

特殊疑問(wèn)句用原特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)Exercise：(1）Hesaid，“I’veleftmybookinyourroom.”→Hetoldme_______he____________hisbookinmyroom.(2）Shesaid，“DoyoulikewatchingtheadvertisementsonTV”→Sheaskedme______________I________watchingtheadvertisementsonTV.(3)“Wheredidyoufindtheadsforjobsabroad”Billasked.→Billasked_____________________theadsforjobsabroad.hadleftthatwhereIhadfound

thatwhether句型轉(zhuǎn)換（1）Hesaid，“I’veleftmybookinyourroom.”→Hetoldmehehisbookinmyroom.（2）Shesaid，“DoyoulikewatchingtheadvertisementsonTV”→SheaskedmeIwatchingtheadvertisementsonTV.（3）“Wheredidyoufindtheadsforjobsabroad”Billasked.→Billaskedtheadsforjobsabroad.that

whether

whereIhadfoundlikedhadleft句型轉(zhuǎn)換（4）“Whatareyoudoingnow”Momasked.→Momaskedthen.（5）Hesaid，“Please