河南省部分學校2024-2025學年高二下學期4月質量檢測英語試卷（解析版）

高級中學名校試題PAGEPAGE1河南省部分學校2024-2025學年高二下學期4月質量檢測英語試卷第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.MajorHeatisthe12thsolarterm,duringwhich,mostpartsofChinaenterthehottestseasonoftheyear.Herearesomethingsrelatedtoit.AseasonofharvestingandplantingDuringMajorHeat,thesunshine,hightemperatures,andheavyrainfallaregoodforagriculturalcrops.ButlikeMinorHeat,manynaturaldisasterssuchasfloods,droughtsandtyphoonsalsohappenduringMajorHeat.Therefore,it’simportanttoharvestandplantintimetoavoidsetbackscausedbynaturaldisasters.SendingtheMajorHeatshipItisafolktraditionspanninghundredsofyearsinTaizhou,Zhejiangprovince.Theshipisfilledwithvariousanimalsforsacrifice(祭獻)suchaspigs,sheep,chicken,fish,andshrimps.Morethan50fishermentaketurnscarryingtheshipastheymarchthroughthestreets.Drumsareplayedandfireworksarelit.Bothsidesofthestreetarefilledwithpeopleprayingforblessings.Afteraseriesofceremonies,theshipispulledoutofthefishingportandburnedatsea.CricketfightingMajorHeatisaseasonwiththelargestnumberofcrickets(蟋蟀)thatcanbefoundinthefieldsalongthecountryside.CricketfightingisapopularpastimeforsomepeopleinChinaduringthisperiod.Thecustomdatesbackover1,000yearstotheTangDynasty(AD618-907).Eatingpineapples/DrinkingmuttonsoupThereisasayinginTaiwanprovincewhichgoes,“eatingpineapplesinMajorHeat”.Duringtheperiod,pineappletastesbest.ThereisacustominsouthernShandongprovincewherepeopledrinkmuttonsoupontheday.Manypeoplegotolocalrestaurantstodrinkmuttonsoup,whichiscalled“summermuttonsoup”.1.WhatisthepurposeofthetraditionalactivityinTaizhou?A.Toprayforblessings. B.Toshowlocalcuisine.C.Toorganisefireworksdisplay. D.Toholdanewshipdepartureceremony.2.WhatistheuniquetraditionofMajorHeatinsouthernShandong?A.Cricketfighting. B.Eatingpineapples.C.Drinkingmuttonsoup. D.Harvestingandplanting.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Ahistorytextbook. B.Ajourneydiary.C.Aculturemagazine. D.Atraveladvertisement.【答案】1.A2.C3.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文，介紹了中國傳統(tǒng)農歷二十四節(jié)氣中的大暑，包括大暑期間的農事活動、一些地方的傳統(tǒng)習俗，如浙江臺州送大暑船、中國部分地區(qū)斗蟋蟀、臺灣省吃鳳梨以及山東南部喝羊肉湯等。【1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“SendingtheMajorHeatship”部分中“Bothsidesofthestreetarefilledwithpeopleprayingforblessings.Afteraseriesofceremonies,theshipispulledoutofthefishingportandburnedatsea(街道兩旁站滿了祈求祝福的人。經過一系列儀式后，船被拖出漁港，在海上焚燒)”可知，浙江臺州送大暑船這一傳統(tǒng)活動的目的是祈求祝福。故選A項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“ThereisacustominsouthernShandongprovincewherepeopledrinkmuttonsoupontheday.Manypeoplegotolocalrestaurantstodrinkmuttonsoup,whichiscalled“summermuttonsoup”(在山東南部有一個習俗，人們在大暑這天喝羊肉湯。許多人會去當?shù)夭宛^喝羊肉湯，這被稱為“伏羊湯”)”可知，山東南部在大暑時獨特的傳統(tǒng)是喝羊肉湯。故選C項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“ThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.MajorHeatisthe12thsolarterm,duringwhich,mostpartsofChinaenterthehottestseasonoftheyear.Herearesomethingsrelatedtoit.(傳統(tǒng)的中國農歷將一年分為24個節(jié)氣。大暑是第12個節(jié)氣，在此期間，中國大部分地區(qū)進入一年中最熱的季節(jié)。以下是一些與之相關的事情)”以及第三段“SendingtheMajorHeatship”部分“Bothsidesofthestreetarefilledwithpeopleprayingforblessings.Afteraseriesofceremonies,theshipispulledoutofthefishingportandburnedatsea(街道兩旁站滿了祈求祝福的人。經過一系列儀式后，船被拖出漁港，在海上焚燒)”、最后一段“ThereisacustominsouthernShandongprovincewherepeopledrinkmuttonsoupontheday.Manypeoplegotolocalrestaurantstodrinkmuttonsoup,whichiscalled“summermuttonsoup”(在山東南部有一個習俗，人們在大暑這天喝羊肉湯。許多人會去當?shù)夭宛^喝羊肉湯，這被稱為“伏羊湯”)”可知，文章主要介紹了中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)氣大暑的相關知識，包括農事活動以及各地與之相關的傳統(tǒng)習俗。文章介紹的節(jié)氣習俗等內容屬于文化范疇，很有可能出自文化雜志。故選C項。BManyartiststakeinspirationfromtheirtravels,butBenjaminSackfoundauniquewaytomakehiswayaroundtheworld.Forthepastdecade,artistBenjaminSackhasbeennavigatingtheglobeinanunconventionalstudio—aHollandAmericancruiseship(游輪).Thisplatformenableshimtodigintoglobalarchitecturaldesigns,whichhethenmasterfullyintegratesintodetailedpendrawings.SackfirstapproachedHollandAmerica—acompanyknownforitsround-the-worldcruises—afterhefinisheduniversity.Heproposedauniqueidea:an“artistresidency”wherehe’dgivedrawingclassesandlecturestopassengersonartrelatedtotheportsofcall.Healsoofferedtocreatealargemap-styledrawingtobeinmemoryofthevoyage.Now,he’saffectionatelyknownasKingNeptune’s(海神的)courtartist.Sack’sshipboardstudioofferssweeping,ever-changingviewsthatinspirehiswork.Ateachjourney’send,hepresentsafinaldrawingtopassengersandcrew,catchingtheessenceoftheirtravels.Ontheship,Sackinteractswithavarietyofpeople,bridgingthegapbetweenpassengersandcrew.Thisuniqueadvantageenricheshisartisticperspective,similartohowartbridgessocietalgapsonland.HisdrawingscatcharchitecturalwonderslikeFlorence’sDuomo,similartoM.C.Escher’sattractivelithographs(平板畫).Sackseesarchitectureasmusicsolidified,eachstructureacharacterinagrandsymphonyofmovementandform.AdventureisSack’sconstantcompanion,withmonthsatseaweavingintohislarge,detail-richworks.FromHimejiCastle’smajestytoSingapore’sMarinaBaymodernity,hispiecesmirrortheglobe’sarchitecturalwonders.“Onland,thedrawingsarefixedtothestudio.Ontheship,thestudiotravels,”Sackthinks.Hisartworksliterallygrasptheessenceofthevoyage,withtheship’sgentlerockingdeeplyinfluencingeachline.Throughhisstateroomwindow,sunsetsandsunrisesfromvarioustimezonesadorn(裝飾)hisdrawings,makingeachyear’sworkricherthanthelast.“It’smagic!”hesays.4.WhatisuniqueaboutSack’s“artistresidency”ontheHollandAmericancruiseship?A.Heonlyoffersdrawingclassestopassengers.B.Hegiveslecturesaccordingtowheretheshiparrives.C.HespeciallydrawsscenesfromAfricancities.D.Hecreatesadvertisingmaterialsforthecruiseline.5.WhatcanbeinferredaboutBenjaminSack’sviewonarchitecture?A.Hebelievesitshouldbeuniformandconsistentworldwide.B.Hethinksitshouldmirrorsocietalstructuresanddivisions.C.Heseesitasaformoffrozenmusicwithitsowncharacter.D.Hefocusesentirelyonmodernarchitecturaldesignsinhisartwork.6.HowdoesSack’sshipboardstudioinfluencehisartwork?A.Itlimitsthesizeofhisdrawingsduetolackofspace.B.Itexposeshimtoalimitedvarietyofarchitecturalstyles.C.Itrestrictshimtousingblackandwhitecoloursinhisartworks.D.Itallowshimtointegratereal-timeseamotionsintohisartworks.7.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainideaofthetext?A.Howchallengingitistobecomeanartistatsea.B.Anartistdrawinghisincredibleadventuresaboardacruiseship.C.HowtravellinginspiresartisticcreationinBenjaminSack.D.TherelationshipbetweenarchitectureandSack’sartwork.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了藝術家BenjaminSack如何在一艘環(huán)球游輪上設立了他的移動工作室，并利用這個平臺來捕捉全球建筑的精髓。【4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Heproposedauniqueidea:an“artistresidency”wherehe’dgivedrawingclassesandlecturestopassengersonartrelatedtotheportsofcall.(他提出了一個獨特的想法：一個“藝術家駐地”，在那里他會給乘客上繪畫課，并給他們講與停靠港口有關的藝術)”可知，Sack的藝術家駐地根據(jù)所?？康母劭诙o旅客們提供相關的課程和講座。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Sackseesarchitectureasmusicsolidified,eachstructureacharacterinagrandsymphonyofmovementandform.(薩克視建筑為凝固的音樂，每一個結構都是樂章和形式的交響樂中的一個角色)”可知，本杰明·薩克認為建筑是一種有自己特色的凝固音樂。故選C。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Hisartworksliterallygrasptheessenceofthevoyage,withtheship’sgentlerockingdeeplyinfluencingeachline.(他的作品從字面上抓住了航行的本質，船的溫柔搖晃深深地影響著每一條線)”可知，薩克的船上工作室使他能夠將實時的海洋運動融入他的藝術作品中。故選D?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Forthepastdecade,artistBenjaminSackhasbeennavigatingtheglobeinanunconventionalstudio—aHollandAmericancruiseship(游輪).Thisplatformenableshimtodigintoglobalarchitecturaldesigns,whichhethenmasterfullyintegratesintodetailedpendrawings.(在過去的十年里，藝術家本杰明·薩克一直在一間非傳統(tǒng)的工作室里環(huán)游世界——一艘荷美游輪。這個平臺使他能夠深入研究全球的建筑設計，然后將其巧妙地融入到詳細的筆畫中)”以及整篇文章主要介紹了BenjaminSack作為KingNeptune’scourtartist在荷美郵輪上的藝術家生活、工作方式以及他的作品和創(chuàng)作靈感來源，因此是對這位藝術家的一個概述。即文章的主要思想是一位藝術家在游輪上描繪他不可思議的冒險經歷。故選B。CTheyaresix-legged,hairyhomeinvaders(侵略者)thatwillnotdie,nomatterhowhardyoutry.Cockroaches(蟑螂)areexpertsatsurvivingindoors.Buttheydidnotstartoutthatway.Arecentstudyusesgeneticstoexaminecockroaches’spreadacrosstheworld,frombeginningsinsoutheastAsiatoEuropeandbeyond.Thefindingscoverthousandsofyearsofcockroachhistoryandsuggestthepestsmayhavespreadacrosstheworldbygettingaridewithanotherspecies:people.Researchersstudiedthegenesofover280cockroachesfrom17countriesandsixcontinents.TheyconfirmedthattheGermancockroach—aspeciesfoundworldwide—hasitsbeginningsinsoutheastAsia.ThecreaturelikelyevolvedfromtheAsiancockroacharound2,100yearsago.ScientistshavelongsuspectedtheGermancockroach’sAsianbeginningssincesimilarspeciesstilllivethere.TheresearchappearedrecentlyinthepublicationProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.Thecockroachesthenspreadaroundtheworldontwomajorpaths.TheytravelledwesttotheMiddleEastabout1,200yearsago,perhapslivinginsoldiers’foodstoragecontainers.AndtheymayhavegottenonDutchandBritishEastIndiaCompanytradeshipstogettoEuropeabout270yearsago,thescientists’findingssuggest.OncethecreaturesarrivedinEurope,inventionslikethesteamengineandindoorplumbing(管路系統(tǒng))likelyhelpedtheinsectstravelfurtherandgetusedtolivingindoors,wheretheyaremostcommonlyfoundtoday.Researcherssaidexploringhowcockroachesadjustedtopastenvironmentsmayleadtobetterpestcontrol.Modern-daycockroachesaretoughtokeepawaybecausetheyevolvequicklytoresistpesticides(殺蟲劑),saidthestudy’swriterQianTangofHarvardUniversity.8.Whatmainmethodwasappliedintherecentstudyoncockroaches?A.Collectingsampleswidely. B.Referringtolargeamountsofdata.C.Conductingphysicalobservation. D.Performinggeneticanalysisandcomparison.9.WheredoestheGermancockroachoriginatefrom?A.India. B.SoutheastAsia. C.DutchandBritain. D.TheMiddleEast.10.WhatallowedcockroachestospreadrapidlyaftertheyreachedEurope?A.Frequentwars. B.Closebusinessdealings.C.TheuniqueclimateofEurope. D.ThedevelopmentoftheIndustrialRevolution.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthelastparagraph?A.Torevealthesignificanceofthisstudy.B.Toemphasizetheharmfulnessofcockroaches.C.Toprovidemorecommonsenseaboutcockroaches.D.Toremindpeoplethestruggleagainstcockroachesiscomplex.【答案】8.D9.B10.D11.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了對蟑螂的新的研究?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Arecentstudyusesgeneticstoexaminecockroaches’spreadacrosstheworld,frombeginningsinsoutheastAsiatoEuropeandbeyond.(最近的一項研究利用遺傳學研究了蟑螂在世界各地的傳播，從東南亞到歐洲及其他地區(qū))”和第四段“Researchersstudiedthegenesofover280cockroachesfrom17countriesandsixcontinents.(研究人員研究了來自6大洲17個國家的280多只蟑螂的基因)”可知運用基因技術進行研究。故選D。【9題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“TheyconfirmedthattheGermancockroach—aspeciesfoundworldwide—hasitsbeginningsinsoutheastAsia.(他們證實，德國蟑螂——一種在世界各地都有發(fā)現(xiàn)的物種——起源于東南亞)”可知，德國蟑螂起源于東南亞。故選B。【10題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“OncethecreaturesarrivedinEurope,inventionslikethesteamengineandindoorplumbing(管路系統(tǒng))likelyhelpedtheinsectstravelfurtherandgetusedtolivingindoors,wheretheyaremostcommonlyfoundtoday.(一旦這些生物到達歐洲，像蒸汽機和室內管道這樣的發(fā)明很可能幫助這些昆蟲走得更遠，并習慣了在室內生活，它們今天在室內最常見)”可知工業(yè)革命蒸汽機的發(fā)明幫助這些昆蟲旅行得更遠，加速其傳播。故選D?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Researcherssaidexploringhowcockroachesadjustedtopastenvironmentsmayleadtobetterpestcontrol.Modern-daycockroachesaretoughtokeepawaybecausetheyevolvequicklytoresistpesticides(殺蟲劑),saidthestudy’swriterQianTangofHarvardUniversity.(研究人員表示，探索蟑螂如何適應過去的環(huán)境可能會更好地控制害蟲。該研究的作者、哈佛大學的錢唐說，現(xiàn)代蟑螂很難被趕走，因為它們進化得很快，能夠抵抗殺蟲劑)”可知新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)有利于更好地控制蟑螂，本段是為了揭示這個研究的意義。故選A。DForfuturehumanstosurvivelongperiodsonMars,growingfoodontheplanetisamust.Itwouldbetoocostlyandriskytorelyuponrocketdeliveriestomeetthefoodneedsofcolonists.Withthisinmind,scientistsareexploringwaystoimprovespacefarming.AtWageningenUniversityandResearchintheNetherlands,researchersworkinacontrolledgreenhouse.TheyhaveidentifiedawaythatcouldimprovecropproductioninfactitiousMartiansoil,withdifferentcropsgrowntogether.Themethodiscalled“intercropping”,firstinventedbyancientMayafarmersinwhatisnowCentralAmerica.Intheirexperiments,theresearchersgrewcherrytomatoes,peasandcarrotstogetherinsmall,roundcontainers.TomatoesgrowninthiswayproducedaboutdoubletheamountoftomatoesgrownaloneinthesameMartiansoil.Thetomatoeswerealsobigger.Theyfloweredandmaturedearlier,gavemorefruitperplantandhadthickerstems(莖).Thequantityofpeasandcarrotsdidnotincreasewithintercropping.ThecropsweregrowninMartianregolith,asoilwithnoorganicmatter.CreatedbyresearchersfromtheAmericanspaceagencyNASA,itisanear-perfectphysicalandchemicalmatchtorealMartiansoil.Fornow,humanbasesonMarsareonlyseeninmovies.ButNASA,forexample,isdevelopingwaystosendpeopletoMarsinthe2030s.Intercroppinginvolvesgrowingplantswithpropertiesthatcouldhelpeachothergrow.Themethodmakesthebestuseofresourcesincludingwaterandnutrients.Theresearcherssaidthetomatoplantsinintercroppingmayhavebenefitedfrombeingclosetothepeaplants.Thatisbecausethepeasaregoodatturningnitrogen(氮)fromtheair,withthehelpofbacteriaintroducedintothesoil,intoanimportantnutrient.Thecarrotsproducedfewercropsfromintercroppingandthepeashadnochange.Thiswasprobablyduetolackoflight.Overall,thetomatoes,peasandcarrotsgrewwell,thoughnotaswellasinEarthsoilinthesamegreenhouse.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“factitious”inParagraph3mean?A.Man-made. B.Long-standing. C.Well-known. D.Hard-won.13.Whymaytomatoesgrowwellamongthethreeplants?A.Becauseoftheroleofpeasplantsinintercropping.B.Becauseofthesoilrichinorganiccomponents.C.Becauseoftheiradaptationtotheenvironment.D.Becauseoftheirlittleneedforsunlight.14.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheresultsofthisexperiment?A.Doubtful. B.Negative. C.Reserved. D.Optimistic.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.DoesLifeExistonMars?B.TheUpcomingJourneytoMarsC.NewWaysAreExploredtoImproveSpaceAgricultureonMarsD.Intercropping:aTraditionalAgriculturalCroppingPattern【答案】12.A13.A14.D15.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了科學家為了讓未來人類能在火星上長期生存，在荷蘭瓦赫寧根大學研究在人造火星土壤中通過間作的方法種植農作物，以提高太空農業(yè)產量的相關情況?！?2題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第五段“ThecropsweregrowninMartianregolith,asoilwithnoorganicmatter.CreatedbyresearchersfromtheAmericanspaceagencyNASA,itisanear-perfectphysicalandchemicalmatchtorealMartiansoil.(這些作物是在火星風化層中種植的，這是一種沒有有機物質的土壤。它是由美國宇航局的研究人員創(chuàng)造的，它的物理和化學成分與真正的火星土壤幾乎完美匹配)”可推知，研究人員是在人造的火星土壤中進行實驗，所以“factitious”意思是“人造的”。選項A（人造的）符合題意，故選A?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第七段“Theresearcherssaidthetomatoplantsinintercroppingmayhavebenefitedfrombeingclosetothepeaplants.Thatisbecausethepeasaregoodatturningnitrogen(氮)fromtheair,withthehelpofbacteriaintroducedintothesoil,intoanimportantnutrient.(研究人員說，間作中的番茄植株可能受益于靠近豌豆植株。這是因為在土壤中引入的細菌的幫助下，豌豆善于將空氣中的氮轉化為一種重要的營養(yǎng)物質)”可知，番茄在三種植物中長得好是因為豌豆在間作中的作用。故選A。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Overall,thetomatoes,peasandcarrotsgrewwell,thoughnotaswellasinEarthsoilinthesamegreenhouse.(總的來說，西紅柿、豌豆和胡蘿卜長得很好，盡管不如在同一溫室的地球土壤中長得好)”可推知，作者認為實驗結果是積極的，對其持樂觀態(tài)度。故選D。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內容，尤其是第二段“Withthisinmind,scientistsareexploringwaystoimprovespacefarming.(考慮到這一點，科學家們正在探索改善太空農業(yè)的方法)”可知，文章主要講的是探索在火星上改善太空農業(yè)的新方法。選項C“探索在火星上改善太空農業(yè)的新方法”為短文的最佳標題。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。ManagingConflictwithHumourHumourisapowerfultool.Itbringspeoplecloser,managingconflict,andreducingtension.____16____Makesureyou’rebothinonthejoke.Humourcanhelpyouovercomeconflictonlywhenbothpartiesareinonthejoke.Soit’simportanttobesensitivetotheotherperson.____17____Whenthejokingisone-sidedratherthanmutual(相互的),itcandamagetherelationship.Don’tusehumourtocoverupotheremotions.Humourhelpsyoufacechallengesinlife.Buttherearetimeswhenhumourisnothealthy.Forexample,sometimesitisusedasacoverforavoidingpainfulemotions.____18____Whenyoudothat,youcreateconfusionandmistrustinyourrelationships.____19____Somefinditeasierthanotherstousehumour,especiallyintensesituations.Ifyoureffortsaren’tgoingoverwell,startbyusingself-deprecating(自嘲的)humour.Wealllovepeoplewhodon’ttakethemselvestooseriously.Afterall,nobodyisperfectandweallmakemistakes.So,ifyou’rehavingabadhairday,makeajokeaboutit.Evenifthejokefallsflat,theonlypersonyouriskoffendingisyourself.Tapinto(發(fā)掘)yourplayfulside.____20____However,it’simportanttopointoutthatyoudon’tneedtobeacomediantousehumourtomanageconflict.Thepointisn’ttoimpresstheotherperson,butsimplytolightenthemood.Therefore,don’tbeafraidtosimplyactsillylikeakid.Itcanlowertheotherperson’sdefensesandputyoubothinamorepositivestateofmind.A.Stophumouriffacedwithtrouble.B.Developasmartsenseofhumour.C.Itiseasytounderstandsomejokes.D.It’sunderstandabletofearrejectionwhenattemptinghumour.E.Youcanbefunnyaboutthetruth,buthidingthetruthisn’tfunny.F.Here’showtousehumourtoresolvedisagreementsandstrengthenyourrelationships.G.Ifheorsheisn’tlikelytoappreciatethejoke,don’tsayordoit,evenifit’s“allingoodfun”.【答案】16.F17.G18.E19.B20.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是如何運用幽默來解決沖突和加強人際關系?！?6題詳析】空前“Humourisapowerfultool.Itbringspeoplecloser,managingconflict,andreducingtension.(幽默是一種強大的工具。它使人們更親近，管理沖突，減少緊張)”說明了幽默可以管理沖突，減少緊張，空格處應該說要如何用幽默來處理沖突，F(xiàn)選項“Here’showtousehumourtoresolvedisagreementsandstrengthenyourrelationships.(下面是如何用幽默來解決分歧和加強你們的關系。)”說明了接下來要講如何用幽默來處理分歧，承上啟下，符合語境，故選F?！?7題詳析】空前“Makesureyou’rebothinonthejoke.Humourcanhelpyouovercomeconflictonlywhenbothpartiesareinonthejoke.Soit’simportanttobesensitivetotheotherperson.(要確保對方能理解你的笑話。只有當雙方都能理解笑話時，幽默才能幫助你化解沖突。因此，對他人保持敏感很重要)”說明了要確保對方能理解你的笑話，要對他人保持敏感，看看他們對你說的笑話是什么反應，G選項“Ifheorsheisn’tlikelytoappreciatethejoke,don’tsayordoit,evenifit’s“allingoodfun”.(如果他或她不太可能欣賞這個笑話，不要說或做，即使這是“好玩的”。)”說明了如果對方不喜歡這個笑話，那就不要講了，和上文的“對他人敏感”相承接，故選G。【18題詳析】空前“Forexample,sometimesitisusedasacoverforavoidingpainfulemotions.(例如，有時它被用作避免痛苦情緒的掩護)”說明了幽默有時被用作避免痛苦情緒的掩護，空后“Whenyoudothat,youcreateconfusionandmistrustinyourrelationships.(當你這樣做的時候，你會在你們的關系中制造混亂和不信任)”說明了如果像空格處所說的那么做，就會造成混亂，說明空格處所說的做法不好，E選項“Youcanbefunnyaboutthetruth,buthidingthetruthisn’tfunny.(你可以拿事實開玩笑，但隱瞞事實就不好笑了。)”說明了隱瞞事實不好，承上啟下，符合語境，故選E?！?9題詳析】空格處是本段主旨句，由空后“Somefinditeasierthanotherstousehumour,especiallyintensesituations.Ifyoureffortsaren’tgoingoverwell,startbyusingself-deprecating(自嘲的)humour.Wealllovepeoplewhodon’ttakethemselvestooseriously.Afterall,nobodyisperfectandweallmakemistakes.So,ifyou’rehavingabadhairday,makeajokeaboutit.Evenifthejokefallsflat,theonlypersonyouriskoffendingisyourself.(對有些人來說，使用幽默比其他人更容易，尤其是在緊張的情況下。如果你的努力沒有取得好效果，那就從使用自嘲式幽默開始。我們都喜歡那些不把自己太當回事的人。畢竟，沒有人是完美的，我們都會犯錯。所以，如果你今天發(fā)型很糟，那就開個玩笑吧。即使這個笑話效果平平，你唯一可能冒犯的人就是你自己)”可知，本段主要講的是要培養(yǎng)幽默感，B選項“Developasmartsenseofhumour.(培養(yǎng)聰明的幽默感。)”說明了要培養(yǎng)幽默感，概括了本段主要內容，可作為本段主旨句，故選B。【20題詳析】空后“However,it’simportanttopointoutthatyoudon’tneedtobeacomediantousehumourtomanageconflict.(不過，重要的是要指出，你不需要成為一名喜劇演員才能用幽默來化解沖突)”中的However表轉折，說明你可能會覺得自己講的笑話不好，可能別人不會喜歡，D選項“It’sunderstandabletofearrejectionwhenattemptinghumour.(在嘗試幽默時害怕被拒絕是可以理解的。)”說明了在嘗試使用幽默的時候害怕被拒絕是可以理解的，和空后的“你不需要成為一名喜劇演員才能用幽默來化解沖突”相呼應，因此符合語境，故選D。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Bythetimesheturned18,KhadijahWilliamshadattendedtwelveschools.Shehadlivedinshelters,inparks,andinmotels,neverinapermanent(長久的)residenceformorethanafewmonths.Shecouldn’tfitintoschoolsandhadenduredbeing____21____bystudentsatadozenschoolswholabeledheras“____22____”.____23____sinceearlychildhood,Khadijahstruggledallherlifetohideher____24____fromteachersandfellowstudents.However,academicsprovedtobeawayforhertofind____25____inherselfagain.Forinstance,attheageof9,shewas____26____inthe99thpercentileonastateexam,andherteachertoldhershewas“____27____”.Fromthatmomentforward,Khadijah____28____todowhateverittooktokeepherselfinthatcategory.Bythesecondyearofhighschool,she____29____thatshecouldnotsucceedingettingthe____30____shedreamedofwithoutgettinghelptogobeyondwhathercurrentschoolcouldoffer.Shetalkedtoteacherswho____31____herapplytosummercommunitycollegeclassesandscholarships.Andin11thgrade,whenshe____32____atJeffersonHighSchool,shedecidedtocompletetherestofherhighschoolcareerthere—adecisionthat____33____takingabuseachmorningat4a.m.andnotgettinghomeuntil11p.m.Herperseveranceandhardwork____34____.WhenshepouredthestoryofherlifeintoherHarvardUniversitycollegeapplication,shewas____35____soon.21.A.turneddown B.pickedup C.lookedafter D.laughedat22.A.different B.normal C.noble D.reliable23.A.Homeless B.Honest C.Selfless D.Comfortable24.A.ambitions B.clothes C.circumstances D.magazines25.A.peace B.confidence C.strength D.beauty26.A.placed B.announced C.challenged D.treated27.A.organized B.experienced C.determined D.gifted28.A.afforded B.decided C.continued D.promised29.A.admitted B.announced C.recognized D.remarked30.A.occupation B.education C.reputation D.condition31.A.watched B.heard C.felt D.helped32.A.registered B.pointed C.cheated D.aimed33.A.avoided B.meant C.stopped D.postponed34.A.gaveaway B.brokedown C.paidoff D.stoodout35.A.recommended B.promoted C.accepted D.employed【答案】21.D22.A23.A24.C25.B26.A27.D28.B29.C30.B31.D32.A33.B34.C35.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了從小無家可歸的KhadijahWilliams通過自己的辛苦努力，最終被哈佛大學錄取的故事。【21題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：她無法融入學校，忍受著被十幾所學校的學生嘲笑，他們給她貼上“異類”的標簽。A.turneddown拒絕；B.pickedup撿起；C.lookedafter照顧；D.laughedat嘲笑。根據(jù)后文“bystudentsatadozenschoolswholabeledher”可知，學生給她貼標簽，推測她在學校被欺負，被嘲笑。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她無法融入學校，忍受著被十幾所學校的學生嘲笑，他們給她貼上“異類”的標簽。A.different不同的；B.normal正常的；C.noble高尚的；D.reliable可靠的。根據(jù)上文“Shecouldn’tfitintoschools”可知，因為無法融入學校被貼上“異類”的標簽。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Khadijah從小就無家可歸，她一生都在努力向老師和同學隱瞞她的情況。A.Homeless無家可歸的；B.Honest誠實的；C.Selfless無私的；D.Comfortable舒適的。根據(jù)上文“Bythetimesheturned18,KhadijahWilliamshadattendedtwelveschools.Shehadlivedinshelters,inparks,andinmotels,neverinapermanentresidenceformorethanafewmonths.(到18歲時，KhadijahWilliams已經上過12所學校。她住過收容所、公園和汽車旅館，從來沒有在一個固定住所住過幾個月)”可知，Khadijah從小就無家可歸，故選A?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Khadijah從小就無家可歸，她一生都在努力向老師和同學隱瞞她的情況。A.ambitions抱負；B.clothes衣服；C.circumstances情況，環(huán)境；D.magazines雜志。根據(jù)上文“Bythetimesheturned18,KhadijahWilliamshadattendedtwelveschools.Shehadlivedinshelters,inparks,andinmotels,neverinapermanentresidenceformorethanafewmonths.(到18歲時，KhadijahWilliams已經上過12所學校。她住過收容所、公園和汽車旅館，從來沒有在一個固定住所住過幾個月)”可知，Khadijah從小無家可歸，因此指她一生都在努力向老師和同學隱瞞她的情況。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，學習證明是她重新找回自信的一種方式。A.peace和平；B.confidence自信；C.strength力量；D.beauty美麗。根據(jù)后文“inthe99thpercentileonastateexam”可知，她學習很好，學習證明是她重新找回自信的一種方式。故選B?！?6題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，在9歲時，她在一次州考試中排名第99位，她的老師告訴她她“有天賦”。A.placed放置；B.announced宣布；C.challenged挑戰(zhàn)；D.treated對待。根據(jù)后文“inthe99thpercentileonastateexam”指在考試中排名99，beplacedin表示“名列”。故選A。【27題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，在9歲時，她在一次州考試中排名第99位，她的老師告訴她她“有天賦”。A.organized有組織的；B.experienced有經驗的；C.determined堅定的；D.gifted有天賦的。根據(jù)上文“inthe99thpercentileonastateexam”可知，成績優(yōu)異，老師告訴她她“有天賦”。故選D。【28題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：從那一刻起，Khadijah決定不惜一切代價保持自己的地位。A.afforded買得起；B.decided決定；C.continued繼續(xù)；D.promised承諾。根據(jù)后文“todowhateverittooktokeepherselfinthatcategory”以及“atJeffersonHighSchool,shedecidedtocompletetherestofherhighschoolcareer”指Khadijah決定保持自己的地位，此處為短語decidetodosth.表示“決定做某事”。故選B?！?9題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：到高中二年級時，她意識到，如果沒有得到學校所能提供的幫助，她就無法成功地接受她夢寐以求的教育。A.admitted承認；B.announced宣布；C.recognized認可；D.remarked評論。根據(jù)后文“shecouldnotsucceedingettingthe…shedreamedofwithoutgettinghelptogobeyondwhathercurrentschoolcouldoffer”指她意識到自己需要學校提供幫助，故選C?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：到高中二年級時，她意識到，如果沒有得到學校所能提供的幫助，她就無法成功地接受她夢寐以求的教育。A.occupation職業(yè)；B.education教育；C.reputation名譽；D.condition條件。根據(jù)后文“whathercurrentschoolcouldoffer”可知，她需要學校提供幫助來幫助她完成學業(yè)。故選B?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她與幫助她申請暑期社區(qū)大學課程和獎學金的老師交談。A.watched觀看；B.heard聽見；C.felt感覺；D.helped幫助。根據(jù)后文“herapplytosummercommunitycollegeclassesandscholarships”可知，老師幫助過她申請暑期社區(qū)大學課程和獎學金，故選D。【32題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：11年級時，當她在杰斐遜高中注冊時，她決定在那里完成她的高中生涯——這個決定意味著每天早上4點坐公共汽車，直到晚上11點才回家。A.registered注冊；B.pointed指著；C.cheated欺騙；D.aimed旨在。根據(jù)后文“atJeffersonHighSchool,shedecidedtocompletetherestofherhighschoolcareerthere”可知，要在杰斐遜高中完成高中生涯，需要先注冊。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：11年級時，當她在杰斐遜高中注冊時，她決定在那里完成她的高中生涯——這個決定意味著每天早上4點坐公共汽車，直到晚上11點才回家。A.avoided避免；B.meant意味著；C.stopped停止；D.postponed推遲。根據(jù)后文“takingabuseachmorningat4a.m.andnotgettinghomeuntil11p.m.”可知，在杰斐遜高中完成高中意味著每天要花很長時間往返學校和家。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：她的毅力和辛勤工作得到了回報。A.gaveaway贈送；B.brokedown出故障；C.paidoff取得回報；D.stoodout突出。根據(jù)后文“WhenshepouredthestoryofherlifeintoherHarvardUniversitycollegeapplication”被哈佛大學錄取，說明得到了回報。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當她把自己的生活故事寫進哈佛大學的申請中時，她很快就被錄取了。A.recommended建議；B.promoted促進；C.accepted接受，錄??；D.employed雇用。根據(jù)上文“Herperseveranceandhardwork”提到努力得到了回報，推測申請被錄取了，故選C。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。ScientistsbelievetherecouldbelifeontheplanetVenus(金星),oratleastinthecloudsaboveit.Theyhavediscoveredamysteriousgasthere,buttheyhavenotbeenabletoprovideanexplanationfor