2024北京二中初二（下）期中英語試題及答案

試題PAGE1試題2024北京二中初二（下）期中英語一、單項(xiàng)選擇（共6分，每小題0.5分）1．（0.5分）Themusic____________reallynice.Iwanttolistentoitagain.（）A．hears B．sounds C．listens D．watches2．（0.5分）TreePlantingDayisMarch12theveryyear.（）A．a(chǎn)t B．in C．to D．on3．（0.5分）Iamsoexcited____________goingtoXinjiangthisMay.（）A．into B．in C．for D．a(chǎn)bout4．（0.5分）Iknowit's____________toworkouttheproblem，butIwilltry____________onit.（）A．hard；hardly B．hardly；hard C．hardly；hardly D．hard；hard5．（0.5分）—HaveyoueverbeentoShenzhen____________？—Yes.Iwenttheretwoweeks____________.Itisamoderncity.（）A．yet；before B．just；ago C．yet；ago D．before；before6．（0.5分）TheiceandsnowinHarbinisbeautiful，soeverywinter____________touristscomehere.（）A．fivemillionof B．millionsof C．millionof D．fivemillions7．（0.5分）It______alotinsummerinBeijing.Itisoftenrainy.（）A．rain B．rainy C．israining D．rains8．（0.5分）﹣Wehavelivedinthiscity___1980．﹣Soyouhavelivedhere____over30years．（）A．in；for B．for；since C．in；since D．since；for9．（0.5分）—Tom，whyareyouplayingcomputergamesagain？—I____________myhomework.（）A．finish B．finishing C．finished D．havefinished10．（0.5分）Shecouldn'thelp________whensheheardthebadnews．（）A．cry B．tocry C．cried D．crying11．（0.5分）Jasonisgoodatrunning.Herun100metersin11seconds.（）A．must B．should C．need D．can12．（0.5分）﹣MayIspeaktoTom？﹣Sorry，he_______America.Buthe_______intwodays.（）A．hasbeento；willcomeback B．hasgoneto；willcomeback C．hasgoneto；cameback D．hasbeento；cameback二、完形填空（共8分，每小題8分）閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。13．（8分）RomainRollandoncesaid，"Thereisonlyonekindofheroismintheworld，andthatistostilllovelifeafterrecognizingthetruthoflife."CaiLei，apatientwithALS（漸凍癥），perfectly（1）Athissentence.CaiLeiwasoncethevicepresidentofJingdongGroup，witha（2）Cjobandahappyfamily.Butwhowouldhavethoughtthatattheageof41，hewasdiagnosed（診斷）withALSandcouldonlywatchhisbody"frozen"untilhecouldnotbreathe.Theillnessgavehimafatal（致命的）woundbuthedidn'twanttobowtoit.Hebegantothinkabout（3）AhecoulddoforthepeoplewithALSintheremainingdays.Aftermuchthought，CaiLei（4）Banidea：hewantstoproducemedicinethatisgoodforthetreatmentofALS.WhenCaiLeitoldothersaboutthisidea，everyonethoughthewas（5）C.Youknowmedicinedevelopmenttakesatleast10years.（6）D，theperiodfromdiagnosistodeathofpatientswithALSisnomorethan5years.Allowingpatientsatthemomenttousemedicineisimpossible.What'sworse，manypeopleinsocietystillmisunderstandhim.Thatmisunderstandingislikea（7）D，burningCaiLei'sheart.Althoughheisheartbroken，heneversaysanythingforhimself.Hedevoteshimselftotheresearchanddevelopmentofthe（8）C.Hebelieves："Evenifwecan'tusethismedicine，weshouldletourfuturegenerationsuseit."（1）A.explainedB.testedC.noticedD.taught（2）A.badB.poorC.goodD.sad（3）A.whatB.howC.whereD.which（4）A.worriedaboutB.cameupwithC.madeupD.heardof（5）A.excitedB.satisfiedC.crazyD.brave（6）A.EspeciallyB.SuddenlyC.LuckilyD.However（7）A.hopeB.noiseC.lessonD.fire（8）A.waysB.inventionsC.medicineD.lives三、閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。（共24分，每小題6分）14．（6分）Herearesomepicturebooks.ARoomforEveryoneWriter：NaazKhanMoreandmorepeoplegetonthebusonthewaytotheprettybeach.Itseemstherecan'tberoom，but"aftersomemovingaroundandfun，theymakeenoughroomforeveryone."Thisisabookyouwillbehappytoreadagainandagainbecauseitisfullofhappinessandenergy.BGladystheMagicChickenWriter：AdamRubinItcanhelpyoushareabiglaughwithyourfamily.Setinancienttimes，thestorycentersaroundachickennamedGladys.With48pages，thisbookislongerthanusualpicturebooks，andthatmakesitlookmorespecialandamazing.CABoyNamedIsamuWriter：JamesYangThewritertellsthestoryinthesecondpersonanditseemsthebookistalkingtoyou.Youcanjointhemaincharacterinanadventureanduseyourimaginationtoexplorebeingaloneandbeingcreative.Thisbookmighthelpeveryoneunderstandhowonemightbe"alonebutnotlonely".DTheVeryHungryCaterpillarWriter：EricCarleJoininacolorfuladventurewithahungrycaterpillarasitmunchesthroughdifferentfoods.Withbrightpicturesandcleverpages，thisstoryteachescounting，daysoftheweek，andthebutterflieslifecycle.EricCarle'stimelessstoryhasattractedchildrenforgenerations，makingitamust﹣readforeverylittleone.For21﹣23，matcheachonewiththechoices（A﹣D）.Thereisoneyoudonotneed.（1）JackIaminterestedininsects.Iwanttolearnaboutthelifeofbutterfliesthroughapicturebook.（2）AmyIwanttoreadapicturebookwhichiswritteninthesecondpersonandfullofimagination.（3）KevinIwanttoreadaninterestingpicturebookwithananimalasthemaincharacter.AndIhopeit'slongerthanusualpicturebooks.15．（6分）TheMogaoCavesareaveryspecialplaceinChina，whicharelocatedinDunhuang，GansuProvince.TheMogaoCavesarethousandsofyearsoldandwerelistedasaworldheritage.（遺產(chǎn)）sitebyUNESCOin1987.Manypeople，includingarchaeologists（考古學(xué)家）andresearchers，workhardtotakecareoftheMogaoCavesandlearnmoreaboutthem.FanJinshiisoneofthem.FanwasborninBeijingonJuly9，1938.HerfatherwasagraduateofTsinghuaUniversityandhadastronginterestinChineseclassicalartandculture.Influencedbyherfather，F(xiàn)anlikedvisitingmuseumswhenshewasinmiddleschool.WiththegreatloveofChineseculture，shestudiedinthearchaeologydepartmentinPekingUniversityandgraduatedin1963.ThenshestartedworkingatDunhuangandhasworkedthereeversince.Shespendsalmost60yearstakingcareofDunhuang.Peoplecallherthe"DaughterofDunhuang"OnMay4，2023，"DaughterofDunhuang"FanJinshireturnedtoPekingUniversityandbroughtback10millionRMBdonationstosetuptheFanJinshiEducationFund（基金）tosupporttheresearchofDunhuangstudiesatPekingUniversity."Moneymadeshouldbespentintherightway.Peoplecannotonlythinkofthemselves，"shesaid."HopefullythesettingoftheFundcanhelpDunhuangstudiesattheuniversity，soitcanmakepeopleknowmoreaboutDunhuangandraiseculturalconfidenceofthenation."（1）HowlonghasFanJinshiworkedatDunhuang？A.Foralmostfortyyears.B.Forabouteightyyears.C.Foralmostsixtyyears.D.Foroverseventyyears.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"them"inParagraph2referto？A.Archaeologists.B.TheMogaoCaves.C.Researchers.D.Worldheritagesites.（3）WhichisNOTthepurposeofsettingupFanJinshiEducationFund？A.TosupporttheresearchofDunhuangatPekingUniversity.B.Tohelppeoplenottothinkofthemselves.C.TomakepeopleknowmoreaboutDunhuang.D.Toraiseculturalconfidenceofthenation.16．（6分）Talkingtoyourselfisn'tjustforhumans—it'sforrobotstoo.Italianresearchershavedevelopedarobotthatcanspeaktoitself，whichenablesuserstohearitsthoughtprocess（過程）andknowhowtherobotmakesdecisions."Ifyouwereabletohearwhattherobotsarethinking，therobotsmightbemoretrustworthy（可信賴的），"oneoftheresearchersAntonioChellasays."Therobotswillbeeasiertounderstandforpeoplewhoaren'tengineers.Inotherwords，wecancommunicateandworkwiththerobotsbetter."Peopletalktothemselveswhenlookingforclarityandmoral.（清晰的思維及道德方面的）guidance，andithelpsinthedecision﹣makingprocess.Theresearcherssetouttoseehowthiscouldinfluencerobots，sotheydevelopedonecalledPepper，andtheytrainedittosetatable.Theythengaveittheabilitytosay，insimpleEnglish，whatitwas"thinking"whencompletingajob.Afterstudyingtherobot，theresearchersfoundthatPepperwasbetteratsolvingdilemmas（進(jìn)退兩難的困境）whentalkingtoitself.OneexperimentsawauseraskPeppertobreaktablesettingrulesbyputtingaforkinthewrongplace，whichledtotherobotaskingitselfseveralself﹣directedquestions.Itthendecidedthattheusermightbewrong，soitmadesuretheuserdidn'tgivethewrongorderbeforeitwentontalkingtoitself："Emm，thissituationisdifficulttome.Iwouldneverbreaktherules，butIcan'tmakehimunhappyeither，soI'mdoingwhathewants，"Peppersaidwhileputtingtheforkinthewrongplace.TheusercanunderstandPepper'sthoughtsasitusesitsinnervoicetosolveadilemma，whichtheresearcherssaycouldleadtohuman﹣robottrust.ComparingPepper'sperformancewithandwithoutinnerspeech，Chelladiscoveredthattherobotworkedfasterwithinnerspeech，whichmeanswhenitwastalkingtoitself."Peoplewereverysurprisedbytherobot'sability，"Chellasays."Theresearchmakestherobotdifferentfromothermachinesbecauseithastheabilitytoreason，tothink.Innerspeechcouldbeusefulinallthesituationswherewetrustthecomputerorarobotforevaluation（評價(jià)）ofasituation."Althoughhearingtheinnervoiceofrobotsenrichesthehuman﹣robotinteraction（互動(dòng)的），somepeoplemightfinditinefficientbecausetherobotspendsmoretimecompletingjobswhenittalkstoitself.Therobot'sinnerspeechisalsojusttheknowledgethatresearchersgaveit.Still，Chellasaystheirresearchlaysthegroundworkformoreresearchintohowself﹣dialoguecanhelprobotspayattention，planandlearn.（1）Whatcanwelearnfromtheresearch？A.Innerspeechhelpstherobotfinishtasksbetter.B.Theresearchcanhelppeopleunderstandrobots'actions.C.TheItalianresearcherscreatedanewlanguageforrobots.D.Therobothelpedstudypeople'sdecision﹣makingprocess.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"inefficient"mean？A.Notinteresting.B.Notimportant.C.Notright.D.Notgood.（3）Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？A.Robots：LearntoLearnB.Robots：ThinkOutLoudC.Robots：MakeBetterSpeechesD.Robots：AlwaysTrustHumans17．（6分）Participationtrophies（參與獎(jiǎng)）appearedinchildren'ssportscompetitionsaboutacenturyago.Theyhavebeenusedtoencourageandrewardchildrenforparticipating?nfunandhealthyactivities.Thetrophiesrecognizestudents'attendance（到場）andeffortratherthantheirabilityandthecompetitionresults.Sincethe1990s，though，therehasbeenanincreasinglystrongvoicethatparticipationtrophiesaremakingthekids"soft".Theyruinkids'competitivespiritandmakechildrentoolazytoworkhardtogetthingstheywant.Thethinkingoftengoes，"Everykidwillthinktheyarewinners，sotheywillalwaysfeelthattheyareborntowin，eveniftheydon'tdeserve（值得）towin."However，thisideaisworthyofmuchmorethinking.Doesanyonereallythinkthatkidsarefooledintothinkingtheirparticipationtrophyisagoldmedal？Kidsarealwayssmarterthanthatandalwaysmoreawareoftheirsocialsurroundings.Theyknowthataparticipationtrophyjustsaysitwasgoodforthemtobeherehavingfun.Itdoesn'tsayeveryonewinsthefirstplace.Kidsarelearningabouttheirabilitiesandstrengthseveryday.Theideathatparticipationtrophieskeepkidsfromexperiencingthe"realworld"is，inmyview，one﹣sided，Participationtrophiesrecognizethatkids'skillsetsarewildlydifferentandthatweputkidsinorganizedsportsatyoungageswhentheirskillsarestillverymuchindevelopment.Participationtrophiescelebrateeverykidforbeingapartoftheteamortheactivity，insteadoftheirskilllevels.Anddifferentfromtheideathatparticipationtrophieskeepkidsfromtryinghardthings，myopinionistheexactopposite.Theysendamessagethatthere'sgreatvalueintryingsomethingthatyoudon'tloveorthatyoumaynotsucceedin.Encouragingkidstotryandfailatthingsisthekeytobuildingtheirconfidencebyteachingthemthatfailingisnecessaryforgrowthandlearning.Thesetrophiesareadropinthebucket（桶）fornow，buttheireffectsmaybeseenafterthekidsstepintothegrown﹣upworld.Askidsgetolder，theirstrengthsandinterestsdevelopmoreclearly.Atthattime，theywilljoininmorecompetitiveactivitiesintheirprofessionalfields，andtheywillknowtheworldof，yinningandlosing.Participationtrophiesareprotectiveofchildren'smentalhealth，bygivingthemsoftplacestolandintherockyjourneyofchildhood.Kidsneedkindnessfromtheadultsintheirlives.Theyneedtoknowthattheyhaveinherent（與生俱來的）valueandworthnomatterwhattheyachieveorproduce.Thisviewkeepschildren'sphysicalandmentalwell﹣beingfrontandcenterrightfromthestart，whichcouldn'tbemoreimportantifwearetoraisementallyhealthychildren.（1）Accordingtothepassage，theparticipationtrophieshavebeenusedto.A.celebratekids'abilityandtheircompetitionresultsB.educatekidsthateveryonedeservestobeawinnerC.encouragekidstoworkhardtogetthingstheywantD.rewardkidsforjoiningthefunandhealthyactivities（2）Thewriterwouldprobablyagreethat.A.participationtrophiesrecognizethatkidsarebornwithvalueB.kidshavingparticipationtrophiesbelievethattheyarewinnersC.kidshavingparticipationtrophieswillbecomementallyhealthyD.participation：trophiesstopkidsfromexperiencingtherealworld（3）What'sthepassagemainlytalkingabout？A.ThepowerofparticipationtrophiesB.ThepressureofparticipationtrophiesC.TheenjoymentofparticipationtrophiesD.Thedevelopmentofparticipationtrophies四、閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。（共8分）18．（8分）TraditionalChinesetoysarepartofthetraditionalChineseculture.TheymakethefolkgamesandsportsactivitiesofChinarichandcolorful.HereisatraditionalChinesetoymanychildrenliketoplay—Chineseshuttlecocks（jianzi）.Shuttlecockskickinghasahistoryofmorethan2000yearsinChina.SincetheHanDynasty，peoplehavebeenplayingshuttlecockkicking.Evennow，shuttlecockkickingisstilloneofthemostpopularoutdooractivities，notonlywiththechildren，butalsowiththeold.Shuttlecockkickingcanbeplayedbyoneoracircleofpeople.Fiveorsixpersonsmayformasmallcircle，kickingashuttlecock.Therearealsopeoplewholikeplayingalone.Evenwhenyouplaybyyourself，youcanoftenattractotherpeopleandmakethemwanttocomearoundandwatchyouplay.Makingashuttlecockisquiteeasy.Youjustneedtofindtwoorthreecoinswithholes，putseveralfeathersinthehole，andthensewdownthefeatherstothecoinwithclothesstrips.Theruleofshuttlecockkickingisalsosimple：keepingtheshuttlecockintheairbyusinganypartofyourbodyexceptyourhands.（1）HowlonghaveChinesepeoplebeenplayingshuttlecock？（2）Whomisshuttlecockkickingpopularwith？（3）Whatistheruleofshuttlecockkicking？（4）Whatdoyouthinkofshuttlecockkicking？Whydoyouthinkso？五、根據(jù)中文意思和提示詞完成下列句子。（每小題1分，共4分）19．（1分）我媽媽上周感冒了。（catchacold）20．（1分）你去過北京動(dòng)物園嗎？（BeijingZoo）21．（1分）我來到這個(gè)學(xué)校兩年了。（about2years）22．（1分）我發(fā)現(xiàn)堅(jiān)持運(yùn)動(dòng)很難。（find）六、文段表達(dá)（10分）23．（10分）請根據(jù)中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50詞的文段寫作。請不要寫出你的校名和姓名。友誼在我們的成長中至關(guān)重要，我們每個(gè)人都需要朋友。假如你是李華，請你寫一篇英文演講稿，內(nèi)容包括：你的朋友是什么樣的人，你們?nèi)绾纬蔀楹门笥训?，以及從?她身上學(xué)到了什么。提示詞語：nice，kind，help，share，care提示問題：Whatisyourbestfriendlike？Howdidyoubecomefriends？Whathaveyoulearntfromhim/her？MybestfriendGoodmorning，everyone!I'mLiHua._____

參考答案一、單項(xiàng)選擇（共6分，每小題0.5分）1．【分析】這首音樂聽起來很好聽。我想再聽一遍?！窘獯稹縣ears聽見；sounds聽起來，是連系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞；listens聽；watches看。根據(jù)Iwanttolistentoitagain.（我想再聽一遍。）可知，此處是說"這首音樂聽起來很好聽。"nice（好的）是形容詞，放在連系動(dòng)詞后面。故選：B?！军c(diǎn)評】考查動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)牢記其含義和用法，結(jié)合語境答題。2．【分析】植樹節(jié)在每年的3月12日?！窘獯稹縜t用于具體的時(shí)刻前面；in用在年、月、上下午的前面；to朝向；on用于具體的某一天或具體某一天的上午，下午或晚上。根據(jù)March12th"3月12日"可知，在具體某一天用介詞on。故選：D?！军c(diǎn)評】介詞這個(gè)知識點(diǎn)很廣泛，有一些固定用法，需要日常積累，結(jié)合語境選擇正確介詞完成習(xí)題。3．【分析】今年五月我很興奮能去新疆【解答】into進(jìn)入；in在……里；for為了；about有關(guān)。根據(jù)句意：今年五月我很興奮能去新疆。故選：D?！军c(diǎn)評】熟悉固定搭配，根據(jù)所給選項(xiàng)解答即可。4．【分析】我知道解出這道題很難，但我會努力去做的?！窘獯稹縣ard作副詞指"努力地，困難地"，也可作形容詞，意為"困難的，堅(jiān)硬的"；hardly：副詞，幾乎不。第一空作is的表語，指"解出這道題很難"，用形容詞hard；第二空用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞try，指"努力去做"，也用hard。故選：D?！军c(diǎn)評】要求學(xué)生熟練掌握常用單詞的意思和用法，結(jié)合句意，選擇正確答案。5．【分析】—你曾經(jīng)去過深圳嗎？—是的。我兩周以前去那里了。它是一個(gè)現(xiàn)代城市?！窘獯稹縴et還，用于否定句和疑問句；just只是；before在以前；ago以前，常用于一段時(shí)間+ago。根據(jù)HaveyoueverbeentoShenzhen…？（你曾經(jīng)去過深圳嗎？）是疑問句可知，第一空用yet。根據(jù)twoweeks（兩周）是一段時(shí)間可知，第二空用ago。故選：C。【點(diǎn)評】考查副詞，應(yīng)牢記其含義和用法，結(jié)合語境答題。6．【分析】哈爾濱的冰雪很美，因此每年冬季幾百萬游客來這里?！窘獯稹縡ive五；million百萬。當(dāng)million與數(shù)詞連用時(shí)，表示一個(gè)具體的數(shù)目，million不用復(fù)數(shù)；當(dāng)million與"of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞"連用時(shí)，表示一個(gè)多而不具體的數(shù)字，要用millions，分析選項(xiàng)可知正確答案是B。故選：B?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考查數(shù)詞的用法。7．【分析】北京夏天雨很多。經(jīng)常下雨?！窘獯稹扛鶕?jù)句意和語境可知，此處表達(dá)"下雨"的英語，本句應(yīng)該使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。主語It，為單數(shù)第三人稱，rain"下雨"，其第三人稱單數(shù)形式為rains。A.rain下雨（動(dòng)詞原形）；B.rainy多雨的（形容詞）；C.israining正在下雨（選擇進(jìn)行時(shí)）；D.rains下雨（動(dòng)詞單數(shù)第三人稱）。故選：D?！军c(diǎn)評】根據(jù)句意和語境，注意謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該在人稱，數(shù)，時(shí)態(tài)上與主語保持一致。8．【分析】﹣﹣?zhàn)詮?980年以來，我們一直住在這個(gè)城市．﹣﹣所以你在這里住了超過30年．【解答】答案：D．考查介詞．in+段時(shí)間通常用于一般將來時(shí)態(tài)．since+點(diǎn)時(shí)間通常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)．for+段時(shí)間通常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)．第一個(gè)空since1980自從1980年．第二個(gè)空．forover30years超過30年．故選：D?！军c(diǎn)評】考查介詞用法，這個(gè)知識點(diǎn)很廣泛，有一些固定用法，需要日常積累，結(jié)合語境選擇正確介詞完成習(xí)題．9．【分析】—Tom，為什么你又玩電腦了？—我已經(jīng)做完作業(yè)了?！窘獯稹扛鶕?jù)"playingcomputergamesagain"（又玩電腦了）以及"____myhomework"（____我的作業(yè)）可知先做完了作業(yè)之后，才看的電視，也就是做完作業(yè)這個(gè)動(dòng)作在對話發(fā)生之前就已經(jīng)完成，強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在造成的影響，就是有時(shí)間可以看電視了，所以要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)為：have/has+過去分詞，A一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；B現(xiàn)在分詞形式；C一般過去時(shí)；D現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故選：D?！军c(diǎn)評】掌握現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成以及用法，然后結(jié)合具體的題目，就可以確定正確答案。10．【分析】她聽到這個(gè)壞消息時(shí)忍不住哭了起來．【解答】根據(jù)Shecouldn'thelp________whensheheardthebadnews．可知句子考查couldn'thelpdoingsth表示禁不住做某事．故選：D．【點(diǎn)評】首先要掌握這個(gè)句子的意思，然后結(jié)合具體的題目，就可以確定正確答案．11．【分析】Jason擅長跑步，他能在11秒內(nèi)跑完100米?！窘獯稹縨ust必須；should應(yīng)該；need需要；（表示應(yīng)該或不得不做）有必要；can表現(xiàn)在、將來或過去的能力；結(jié)合語境可知，句意為：Jason擅長跑步，他能在11秒內(nèi)跑完100米。can符合語境。故選：D?！军c(diǎn)評】掌握情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的意思和用法，結(jié)合語境選出正確答案。12．【分析】—我可以與湯姆通話嗎？—對不起，他去了美國。但是他兩天后回來?！窘獯稹縣avebeento去過；havegoneto去了；willcomeback一般將來時(shí)；cameback一般過去時(shí)。根據(jù)語境和后文時(shí)間狀語"intwodays"可知，他兩天后回來，因此他去了美國，現(xiàn)在還沒回來，主語是he，第一空用hasgoneto；第二空用一般將來時(shí)，willcomeback。故選：B。【點(diǎn)評】辨析havegoneto與havebeento含義的差別，以及時(shí)態(tài)的用法，結(jié)合語境，給出答案。二、完形填空（共8分，每小題8分）閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。13．【分析】本文主要講了蔡磊在攻克漸凍癥方面的貢獻(xiàn)?！窘獯稹浚?）考查動(dòng)詞。句意：漸凍癥患者蔡磊完美地解釋了這句話。A.解釋，B.測試，C.注意到，D.教，結(jié)合上文RomainRollandoncesaid，"Thereisonlyonekindofheroismintheworld，andthatistostilllovelifeafterrecognizingthetruthoflife."（羅曼?羅蘭曾經(jīng)說過："世界上只有一種英雄主義，那就是認(rèn)清生活的真相后仍然熱愛生活。"）可知蔡磊完美地解釋了這句話。故選A。（2）考查形容詞。句意：蔡磊曾經(jīng)是京東集團(tuán)的副總裁，有一份不錯(cuò)的工作和一個(gè)幸福的家庭。A.壞的，B.窮的，C.好的，D.壞的，根據(jù)CaiLeiwasoncethevicepresidentofJingdongGroup（蔡磊曾經(jīng)是京東集團(tuán)的副總裁）可知有一份好的工作。故選C。（3）考查代詞。句意：他開始思考在剩下的日子里他能為漸凍癥患者做些什么。A.什么，B.如何，C.在哪兒，D.哪一個(gè)，結(jié)合句意，可知用what作賓語。故選A。（4）考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：經(jīng)過深思熟慮，蔡磊提出一個(gè)想法：他想生產(chǎn)出對治療漸凍癥有好處的藥物。A.擔(dān)心，B.提出，C.編造，D.聽說，根據(jù)idea"想法"，可知是提出一個(gè)想法。故選B。（5）考查形容詞。句意：當(dāng)蔡磊把這個(gè)想法告訴別人時(shí)，大家都覺得他瘋了。A.興奮的，B.滿意的，C.瘋狂的，D.勇敢的，結(jié)合下文Youknowmedicinedevelopmenttakesatleast10years.（你知道藥物開發(fā)至少需要10年的時(shí)間。）可知大家都覺得他瘋了。故選C。（6）考查副詞。句意：然而，漸凍癥患者從診斷到死亡的時(shí)間不超過5年。A.尤其，B.忽然，C.幸運(yùn)地，D.然而，結(jié)合上文Youknowmedicinedevelopmenttakesatleast10years.（你知道藥物開發(fā)至少需要10年的時(shí)間。）可知表示轉(zhuǎn)折。故選D。（7）考查名詞。句意：那個(gè)誤解就像一團(tuán)火，燃燒著蔡磊的心。A.希望，B.噪音，C.課程，D.火，根據(jù)burningCaiLei'sheart（燃燒著蔡磊的心）可知那個(gè)誤解就像一團(tuán)火。故選D。（8）考查名詞。句意：他致力于這種藥物的研究和開發(fā)。A.方法，B.發(fā)明，C.藥物，D.生命，結(jié)合下文Hebelieves："Evenifwecan'tusethismedicine，weshouldletourfuturegenerationsuseit."（他認(rèn)為："即使我們不能使用這種藥，我們也應(yīng)該讓我們的后代使用它。"）可知他致力于這種藥物的研究和開發(fā)。故選C?！军c(diǎn)評】通讀全文，理解文章大意，掌握選項(xiàng)的含義，緊密結(jié)合上下文和句意判斷空格處詞義，選擇正確的選項(xiàng)，完成后再次閱讀查看語意是否正確。三、閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。（共24分，每小題6分）14．【分析】（1）杰克：我對昆蟲感興趣。我想通過一本圖畫書了解蝴蝶的生活。（2）艾米：我想讀一本用第二人稱寫的充滿想象力的圖畫書。（3）凱文：我想讀一本以動(dòng)物為主角的有趣的圖畫書。我希望它比通常的圖畫書更長。A.越來越多的人在去美麗的海灘的路上登上了公共汽車。似乎沒有足夠的空間，但"經(jīng)過一些移動(dòng)和娛樂，他們?yōu)槊總€(gè)人騰出了足夠的空間。"這是一本你會開心地讀一遍又一遍的書，因?yàn)樗錆M了快樂和能量。B.它可以幫助你和你的家人分享歡笑。故事發(fā)生在古代，以一只名叫格拉迪斯的雞為中心。這本書有48頁，比一般的圖畫書要長，這使它看起來更特別，更令人驚嘆。C.作者用第二人稱講述故事，就好像書在和你說話。你可以加入主角的冒險(xiǎn)，用你的想象力去探索孤獨(dú)和創(chuàng)造性。這本書可能會幫助每個(gè)人理解一個(gè)人是如何"孤獨(dú)但不孤獨(dú)"的。D.加入一個(gè)豐富多彩的冒險(xiǎn)與饑餓的毛毛蟲，因?yàn)樗捉啦煌氖澄?。這個(gè)故事用明亮的圖片和聰明的頁面，教授數(shù)數(shù)，一周中的日子，和蝴蝶的生命周期。埃里克?卡爾永恒的故事吸引了一代又一代的孩子，使它成為每個(gè)孩子的必讀書籍?！窘獯稹浚?）細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)Iaminterestedininsects.Iwanttolearnaboutthelifeofbutterfliesthroughapicturebook.（我對昆蟲感興趣。我想通過一本圖畫書了解蝴蝶的生活。）可知說的是關(guān)于昆蟲的圖畫書，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)說"加入一個(gè)豐富多彩的冒險(xiǎn)與饑餓的毛毛蟲，因?yàn)樗捉啦煌氖澄?。這個(gè)故事用明亮的圖片和聰明的頁面，教授數(shù)數(shù)，一周中的日子，和蝴蝶的生命周期。埃里克?卡爾永恒的故事吸引了一代又一代的孩子，使它成為每個(gè)孩子的必讀書籍。"故選D。（2）細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)Iwanttoreadapicturebookwhichiswritteninthesecondpersonandfullofimagination.（我想讀一本用第二人稱寫的充滿想象力的圖畫書。）可知說的是用第二人稱，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)說"作者用第二人稱講述故事，就好像書在和你說話。你可以加入主角的冒險(xiǎn)，用你的想象力去探索孤獨(dú)和創(chuàng)造性。這本書可能會幫助每個(gè)人理解一個(gè)人是如何"孤獨(dú)但不孤獨(dú)"的。"故選C。（3）細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)Iwanttoreadaninterestingpicturebookwithananimalasthemaincharacter.AndIhopeit'slongerthanusualpicturebooks.（我想讀一本以動(dòng)物為主角的有趣的圖畫書。我希望它比通常的圖畫書更長。）可知說的是以動(dòng)物為主的圖畫書，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)說"它可以幫助你和你的家人分享歡笑。故事發(fā)生在古代，以一只名叫格拉迪斯的雞為中心。這本書有48頁，比一般的圖畫書要長，這使它看起來更特別，更令人驚嘆。"故選B?！军c(diǎn)評】做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，保證上下文意思通順，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。15．【分析】文章主要講述了被譽(yù)為"敦煌女兒"的樊錦詩在保護(hù)莫高窟上所付出的努力和做出的貢獻(xiàn)?！窘獯稹浚?）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段ThenshestartedworkingatDunhuangandhasworkedthereeversince.Shespendsalmost60yearstakingcareofDunhuang.（后來她開始在敦煌工作，并且一直工作到現(xiàn)在。她花了將近60年的時(shí)間照顧敦煌。）可知，樊錦詩在敦煌工作了約六十年。故選C。（2）詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段Manypeople，includingarchaeologists（考古學(xué)家）andresearchers，workhardtotakecareoftheMogaoCaves（許多人，包括考古學(xué)家和研究人員，努力工作，以照顧莫高窟，）可知，是并了解莫高窟，所以them代指的是前面提到的theMogaoCaves。故選B。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段OnMay4，2023，"DaughterofDunhuang"FanJinshireturnedtoPekingUniversityandbroughtback10millionRMBdonationstosetuptheFanJinshiEducationFund（基金）tosupporttheresearchofDunhuangstudiesatPekingUniversity.（2023年5月4日，"敦煌之女"樊錦詩回到北京大學(xué)，帶回1000萬元人民幣捐款，成立樊錦詩教育基金，支持北京大學(xué)敦煌學(xué)研究。）和最后一段"Moneymadeshouldbespentintherightway.Peoplecannotonlythinkofthemselves，"shesaid."HopefullythesettingoftheFundcanhelpDunhuangstudiesattheuniversity，soitcanmakepeopleknowmoreaboutDunhuangandraiseculturalconfidenceofthenation."（"賺的錢應(yīng)該用在正確的地方。人們不能只想到自己，"她說。"希望該基金的設(shè)立可以幫助大學(xué)的敦煌研究，從而使人們更多地了解敦煌，提高民族的文化自信。"）可知，沒有B項(xiàng)"幫助人們不去想自己"。故選B?！军c(diǎn)評】通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。16．【分析】短文主要說的是自言自語不僅僅是人類的事，也是機(jī)器人的事。意大利研究人員設(shè)計(jì)了一種能自言自語的機(jī)器人，使用戶能夠聽到它的思維過程，并對技術(shù)的決策過程有更深入的了解?！窘獯稹浚?）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"Ifyouwereabletohearwhattherobotsarethinking，therobotsmightbemoretrustworthy（可信賴的），"oneoftheresearchersAntonioChellasays."Therobotswillbeeasiertounderstandforpeoplewhoaren'tengineers.Inotherwords，wecancommunicateandworkwiththerobotsbetter."（"如果你能聽到機(jī)器人在想什么，機(jī)器人可能會更值得信賴，"研究人員之一安東尼奧?切拉說。"對于不是工程師的人來說，機(jī)器人將更容易理解。換句話說，我們可以更好地與機(jī)器人交流和合作。）可知我們能從研究中學(xué)到：這項(xiàng)研究可以幫助人們理解機(jī)器人的動(dòng)作。故選B。（2）詞義猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段Althoughhearingtheinnervoiceofrobotsenrichesthehuman﹣robotinteraction（互動(dòng)的），somepeoplemightfinditinefficientbecausetherobotspendsmoretimecompletingjobswhenittalkstoitself.（盡管聽到機(jī)器人內(nèi)心的聲音豐富了人機(jī)互動(dòng)，但有些人可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)它效率低下，因?yàn)闄C(jī)器人在與自己交談時(shí)會花更多的時(shí)間完成工作。）聯(lián)系后句可猜測出下劃線單詞inefficient的意思應(yīng)為：效率低下的，故選D。（3）標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀前文，根據(jù)第一段Talkingtoyourselfisn'tjustforhumans—it'sforrobotstoo.Italianresearchershavedevelopedarobotthatcanspeaktoitself，whichenablesuserstohearitsthoughtprocess（過程）andknowhowtherobotmakesdecisions.（自言自語不僅適用于人類，也適用于機(jī)器人。意大利研究人員開發(fā)了一種可以自言自語的機(jī)器人，使用戶能夠聽到它的思維過程，并知道機(jī)器人是如何做出決定的。）可知可知，自言自語不僅僅是人類的事，也是機(jī)器人的事。所以"機(jī)器人：會思考"作為標(biāo)題最合適。故選B。【點(diǎn)評】通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。17．【分析】本文主要介紹了參與獎(jiǎng)對兒童的影響?！窘獯稹浚?）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Participationtrophies（參與獎(jiǎng)）appearedinchildren'ssportscompetitionsaboutacenturyago.Theyhavebeenusedtoencourageandrewardchildrenforparticipating?nfunandhealthyactivities.（參與獎(jiǎng)大約在一個(gè)世紀(jì)前出現(xiàn)在兒童體育比賽中。它們被用來鼓勵(lì)和獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)參加有趣和健康活動(dòng)的兒童。）可知，參與獎(jiǎng)用來獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)參加有趣和健康活動(dòng)的孩子。故選D。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Participationtrophiesareprotectiveofchildren'smentalhealth，bygivingthemsoftplacestolandintherockyjourneyofchildhood...Thisviewkeepschildren'sphysicalandmentalwell﹣beingfrontandcenterrightfromthestart，whichcouldn'tbemoreimportantifwearetoraisementallyhealthychildren.（參與獎(jiǎng)杯可以保護(hù)孩子們的心理健康，讓他們在坎坷的童年之旅中有一個(gè)柔軟的落腳點(diǎn)這種觀點(diǎn)從一開始就把孩子的身心健康放在最重要的位置，如果我們要培養(yǎng)心理健康的孩子，這一點(diǎn)再重要不過了。）可知，作者可能同意獲得參與獎(jiǎng)的孩子將變得心理健康。故選C。（3）主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段Participationtrophiesareprotectiveofchildren'smentalhealth，bygivingthemsoftplacestolandintherockyjourneyofchildhood...Thisviewkeepschildren'sphysicalandmentalwell﹣beingfrontandcenterrightfromthestart，whichcouldn'tbemoreimportantifwearetoraisementallyhealthychildren.（參與獎(jiǎng)杯可以保護(hù)孩子們的心理健康，讓他們在坎坷的童年之旅中有一個(gè)柔軟的落腳點(diǎn)這種觀點(diǎn)從一開始就把孩子的身心健康放在最重要的位置，如果我們要培養(yǎng)心理健康的孩子，這一點(diǎn)再重要不過了。）以及全文信息可知，本文主要介紹了參與獎(jiǎng)對兒童的影響力。故選A?！军c(diǎn)評】通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。四、閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。（共8分）18．【分析】這篇短文主要介紹了中國的傳統(tǒng)玩具﹣﹣﹣毽子。【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Shuttlecockskickinghasahistoryofmorethan2000yearsinChina.（踢毽子在