2025年中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)：閱讀理解（文化） 提升練習(xí)題（含答案解析）

2025年中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)：閱讀理解（文化）提升練習(xí)題

閱讀理解（共20小題）

1.（2022?瀘縣校級一模）Father'sDayhasaveryshorthistory.ItwasstartedbecausetherewasaMother'sDay,

andjustbecausesomeAmericansthoughtthatifwehadaMother'sDay,weshouldalsohaveaFather's

Day.Father'sDayhasbecomeimportantinNorthAmerica.Andshopkeepers（店主）founditwasagood

waytogetpeopletobuypresentsfortheirfathersfromtheirshops.

Bytheway,veryfewcountrieshaveaFather'sDay,thoughsomehaveChildren^Day,oraspecialdayfor

boysandanotherforgirls.MoreandmorecountiesarehavingMother'sDay,somaybeFather'sDaywillalso

becomepopular.Now,whatdopeopleinNorthAmericadoonFather'sDay?Thenewspapers,radios,andTV

tellchildrenwhattheyshoulddo-buyaFather'sDaypresentfortheirfathers.Theyeventellawifetobuya

Father'sDaypresent-notforherfatherbutforherhusband,evenifheisnotafatheryet.Andtheytell

grandchildrentobuyaFather'sDaypresentfortheirgrandfathers.

ThemostimportantthingtorememberaboutFather'sDayisthatAmericanchildrencanshowtheirloveto

theirfathersinamoreopenway.

（1）Father'sDaywasstartedjustbecause.

A.therewasaMother'sDay

B.therewasaChildren'sDay

C.peoplelikedtheirfathersverymuch

D.fathersweremoreimportant

（2）WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.VeryfewcountrieshaveaFather'sDay.

B.AmericansnevercareaboutFather'sDay,

C.Father*sDayhasbecomeimportantinNorthAmerica.

D.MaybeFather'sDaywillbecomepopularbeforelong.

（3）InAmerica,peoplehaveaFather'sDayto.

A.goshoppingwiththeirfathers

B.helptheirfathersdosomething

C.showtheirlovetotheirfathers

D.getmoneyfromtheirfathers

(4)OnFather*sDay,shopkeepersalwayswant.

A.peopletobuyasmanypresentsaspossible

B.childrentobuypresentsonlyfortheirfathers

C.womentobuypresentsonlyfortheirhusbands

D.grandchildrentobuyaFather'sDaypresentonlyfortheirgrandfathers

(5)Itcanbelearnedfromthearticlethat.

A.thewriterisagainstFather'sDay

B.manycountrieshaveaFather'sDay

C.shopkeeperscangetmoremoneyonFather'sDaythanusual

D.wedon'tneedtohaveaFather'sDay

2.(2022?潮安區(qū)模擬)

Children'sGamesinAncientChina

Duringancienttimes,childrendidn'thavemanytoystoplaywith.However,theythoughtofinteresting

gamestoplaywiththeirfriendsintheirchildhood.

Playinghide-and-seek

Hide-and-seekisatraditionalgameforchildren,populararoundthenation.Therearetwowaysto

play.Coverachild'seyeswhileotherkidsrunaroundtoplayatrickonhim，ormorecommonly,othershide

andonechildmusttrytofindthem.

Flyingkites

KiteshavequitealonghistoryinChina.Theearliestkitesweren'tmadeofpaper.Theyweremadeofwood

instead.ThethreemostfamouskitesaretheBeijingkite,theTianjinkiteandtheWeifangkite.Eachhasitsown

style.Forexample,thebirdshapedkitewithlongwingsisaspecialkindoftheBeijingkites.

Watchingshadowplays

Themostsimilarthingtowatchingafilmduringancienttimeswasgoingtoseeashadowplay.Theartists

controlledpuppets(木偶)behindthescreentomakethepuppetsmovelikepeopleandtellstories.People

likedlisteningtothemusicandenjoyedthebeautifulpuppets.

Kickingstoneballs

DuringtheQingDynasty,kickingastoneballaroundwasapopulargameinthenorthernpartofChinaand

itwasoftenplayedinwintertokeepwarm.

(1)Howcanhide-andseekbeplayed?

A.Oneplaysandotherswatch.

B.Onemustcryandotherslaugh.

C?Onetriestofindandothershide.

D.Onerunsandotherstrytocatch.

(2)InancientChina,theearliestkitesweremadeof.

A.paper

B.wood

C.metal

D.plastic

(3)Thegamethat*slikewatchingafilmis.

A.kickingstoneballs

B.flyingkites

C.watchingshadowplays

D.playinghide-and-seek

(4)Accordingtothepassageabove,thegameofkickingastoneballwas.

A.oftenplayedinwinter

B.popularinSouthChina

C.inventedinBeijing

D.playedtokeepcool

(5)Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat.

A.kickingastoneballwasapopulargamebeforetheQingDynasty

B.Tianjinisfamousforthebirdshapedkitewithlongwings

C.allthechildrenmustcovertheireyeswhileplayinghide-and-seek

D.thepuppetscouldmovelikepeoplewiththeartists*controlling

3.(2022?興慶區(qū)模擬)Clothingisanimportantpartofanyculture.Chinesecultureismorethan5,000yearsold,

sothetraditionalChineseclothingalsohasalonghistory.

Hanfu

HanfuisthetraditionalclothingofHanpeople.ltfirstappearedinChinamorethan3,000yearsago.Butit

disappearedwiththebeginningoftheQingDynasty.Nowmoreandmoreyoungpeoplestarttoenjoywearingit.

Zhongshansuit

ZhongshansuitisthetraditionalclothingnamedafterSunYat-sen.ltisalsoknownasMaosuitoverseas

becauseChairmanMaolikedtowearit.ltfirstappearedinthe1920s.

Tangzhuang

TangzhuangisatypeofChinesejacketratherthantheclothingoftheTangDynasty.ltgotthenamefromthe

overseasChinese.TheTangDynastywasfamousintheworld,sotheoverseasChinesewerecalled"Tangpeople",

andtheirclotheswerecalled"Tangzhuang".

Cheongsam(Qipao)

Thecheongsam(Qipao)isatraditionalChinesedress.ltfirstappearedinChinainthe1920s.Cheongsamis

madeofsilk,andChinesewomenliketowearitbecauseitcanshowtheirbeauty.

(1)HowdidTangzhuanggetitsname?

A.FromSunYat-sen.

B.FromChairmanMao.

C.FromtheoverseasChinese.

D.FromthenativeChina.

(2)WhichofthetraditionalChineseclothesisfirstappearedinthe1920s?

A.Zhongshansuit.

B.HanfuandTangzhuang.

C.Cheongsam.

D.ZhongshansuitandCheongsam.

(3)WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Chinesecultureismorethan3,000yearsold.

B.ChairmanMaolikedtowearZhongshansuit.

C.NowmoreandmoreoldpeoplestarttoenjoywearingHanfu.

D.Thecheongsamismadeofsilk,cottonandothermaterials.

(4)Wherecanweprobablyreadthepassage?

A.Inamagazine.

B.inasciencebook.

C.Inastorybook.

D.Inatravelbook.

4.(2022?蜀山區(qū)校級三模)Haveyouseenthismeme(表情包)onlinebefore?ThemaninthememeisMichael

Rosen,afamousBritishchildren'sbookwriterwhohaswrittenabout140books.He*sknownas"nice

granddad"inChina.

MichaelRosenwasborninMiddlesex,theUKin1946.Hisparentswerebothteachers.MichaelRosenstarted

writingpoemsaboutpeopleheknewwhenhewastwelveyearsold.

MichaelRosenisbusywiththeteachingofwritingandthereadingofliterature(文學(xué)作品)inschools.He

visitsschoolstoencouragechildrenwithhisloveforbooksandpoems.Heisoneofthefirstpoetstomakevisits

toschoolsaroundtheUKandtheworld.Heisalsooneofthefirstpoetstowriteabouthisownchildhood（童年）

experiencesandtowritetheminthelanguagechildrenactuallyuse.

However,lifehasn'talwaystreatedRosenwell.Eddie,hissecondson,diedattheageof18.Rosencouldn't

forgethowhefelt.Thedeathofhissonwastheinspiration（靈感）forMichaelRosen'sSadBook.InMarch2020,

RosenwassenttothehospitalbecauseofCOVID-19.Later,Rosenrecovered（恢復(fù)），butoneofhisearswent

deafandhehadtolearnhowtostandupagain,justlikeakid.However,forRosen,itwasnottheendofthe

world.Heturnedthesadexperienceintowriting.HewrotethebookManyDifferentKindsofLoveandfacedupto

lifewiththemostimportantthing一optimistic（樂觀的）spirit.

（1）WhendidMichaelRosenstartwritingpoems?

A.In1946.

B.In1958.

C.In1964.

D.In2020.

（2）WhathappenedtoMichaelafterherecoveredfromthehospital?

A.Hecouldn'thearanything.

B.Hehadtolearnhowtorunagain.

C.Heturnedthesadexperienceintowriting.

D.Hefeltitwastheendoftheworld.

（3）Whatcanyouknowabout"nicegranddad“accordingtothepassage?

A.Hehadasadchildhood.

B.Hedidn'tlovehissecondson.

C.Henevergaveuphiswritinginhislife.

D.Hewrotejokesinthelanuangechildrenuse.

5.（2022?蜀山區(qū)校級三模）TheBeijing2022WinterOlympicswasagreatsuccess.ltmusthavegivenadeep

impression（E|3象）onyou.ManytraditionalChineseculturalelements（元素）couldbeseeninit.Now,let's

takealookatsomeofthem.

YearoftheTiger

InChineseculture,thetigerisasymbolofvictoryandgoodluck.TheBeijing2022WinterOlympicsmetthe

YearoftheTiger.Therefore,manyelementswiththetigerwereshowninpeople'sdress,suchasthetiger-head

hatsandclotheswithtigerpictures.

BingDwenDwen

BingDwenDwen,thecutemascot（吉祥物）oftheBeijing2022WinterOlympics,catchesattentionwiththe

panda'sfull-body.TheideacamefromthetraditionalChinesefoodTanghulu."Bing"istheChinesecharacter?（漢

字）forice,andDwenDwenisacommonnickname（夕卜號）inChinaforchildrenthatsuggestshealth.

TheGuest-GreetingPine（迎客松）

Theguest-greetingpineisamust-visitofMountHuangshan.Fireworks（煙花）intheshapeofthe"Guest

-GreetingPine"litupthenightskyduringtheopeningceremony,whichstandsforthepeaceandfriendship

betweenChinaandtheworld.

AWillowTwig（柳條）

InancientChina,whentwofriendsparted,theonewhowasleavingwouldreceiveawillowtwigasagift.For

theclosingceremonyoftheBeijing2022WinterOlympics,itwasproperandcreativetousewillowtwigstosay

goodbyetoplayers.

（1）WhereisthenameofBingDwenDwenfrom?

A.Atiger.

B.AkindoftraditionalChinesefood.

C.Apanda.

D.AChinesecharacterandanicknameforchildren.

（2）WhichstandsforthepeaceandfriendshipbetweenChinaandtheworld?

A.Awillowtwig.

B.Tiger-headhats.

C.Theguest-greetingpine.

D.BingDwenDwen.

(3)What'sthebesttitleofthispassage?

A.Chineseculturalelements.

B.TheBeijing2022WinterOlympics.

C.Theopeningandtheclosingceremonies.

D.WhenChineseElementsMeetWinterGames.

BE甲NQ2023^

6.(2022?銀川校級一模)Chinaisanationofetiquette(禮儀).Chinesepeopleareamongthemosthospitable

peopleintheworld.IfforeignersvisitaChinesefamily,theywouldbesurprisedatthewarmththattheywould

receiveasguests.

WhenyouvisitaChinesefamily,thehostusuallymakesteaforyou,Thenhewillserveyousnackslike

biscuitsorcandy.Someoneinthefamily.willalsochatwithyou,neverlettingyoufeellonely.Atthesametime,

otherfamilymemberswillprepareamealforyou.Chinesepeopletreattheirguestswithabigmeal.Theyalways

presentmorefoodthantheguestcaneat.Onthetable,theguestsmustbethefirsttoeat.Perhapsoneofthethings

thatsurprisesawesternguestmostisthattheChinesehostlikestopickfoodforvisitors,whichwon'thappenat

westerntables.TheChinesefamilygooutoftheirwaytomakeyoufeelathome.Asyouaredoneeating,thehost

usuallysays,"Itseemsthatyoudidn'teatmuch.Pleasehavemore."AlthoughyoutellthemyouarefulLtheystill

putmorefoodinyourbowl.

BeingwarmandhospitablehaslongbeenanimportantpartofChinesecultureandtradition.AsConfucius

(孔子)saidthousandsofyearsago：Tomeetfriendsfromafter,howhappyweare!

(1)AsaguestinaChinesefamily,youareusuallyofferedbythehost.

A.coffeeandsnacks

B.juiceandsnacks

C.teaandsnacks

D.winandfruit

(2)Whydoesawesternvisitorfeelsurprisedwhenthehostpicksfoodforhim?

A.Becausehethinksit*snotpolite.

B.Becausehethinksitsnotnecessary.

C.Becauseitwon'thappeninwesterncountries.

D.Becausehethinksit*sfriendly.

（3）Whatdoestheunderlineword"hospitable"meaninthispassage.

A.friendly

B.hard-working

C.honest

D.welcoming

（4）WhattheChinesefamilydofortheguestsisto.

A.showtheirwealth

B.makethemfeelathome

C.makethemfeeluncomfortable

D.showthattheyarerich

7.（2022?和縣二模）Differentcountrieshavedifferentlanguagesandcultures.Therefore,inthedifferentcultural

background,themeaningthatlanguagerepresents（代表）sometimesalsoisdifferent.Inthisarticle,Illsimply

introducethemeaningoftwowordsofcolorbetweenChinaandWesterncountries.

InChineseculture,redusuallyrepresentssomethinggood.Thebridegroom（新娘和新郎）usuallywearred

clothesattheirwedding,becausetheybelieveitwillbringhappinesstothem.ButinWesterncountries,redisthe

colorofforceanditusuallyrepresentsastrongfeeling.Wearingredcanmakeiteasiertotakeaction.Sowhenyou

havedifficultymakingadecision,justwearred.

Anothercolorisgreen.InChina,greenusuallyrepresentsnewlife,whichhasthesameculturewithWestern

countries.However,greenisalsothecolorofenvy（嫉妒））inWesterncountries.Sopeoplemaydescribesomeone

is"greenwithenvy".

Inaword,itcanbesaidthatcolorwordscarrydifferentcultures.Learningthedifferenceofcolormeanings

betweenChinaandWesterncountriescannotonlyhelpustoknowaboutourculturesbetter,butalsoopenour

eyes.Andit'salsointerestingtoknowabouttheculturaldifferencesbetweencountries.

（1）WhydothebrideandthebridegroomusuallywearredclothesinChina?

A.Tomakeadecision.

B.Togethappiness.

C.Totakeactioneasily.

D.Toshowastrongfeeling.

(2)What'sthepurposeofthetext?

A.Tointroducedifferentusesofcolorwords.

B.Tointroducedifferentlanguagesofcountries.

C.TointroduceculturaldifferencesbetweenChinaandWesterncountries.

D.TointroducedifferentmeaningsofredbetweenChinaandWesterncountries.

(3)What'sthestructureofthetext?(①=Paragraph1,②=Paragraph2..)

①一（

A.

D.

8.(2022?船營區(qū)校級模擬)AtaconcertinTsinghuaUniversity,FangJinlong,amasterofthetraditionalChinese

instrumentpipa,andtherobotsfromtheMojaRobotBandperformedseveralpiecesofChinesemusic.The

robotmusiciansintheband,Yuheng,Yaoguang,andKaiyang,playedtraditionalChineseinstrumentsatthe

concert.

Theteamthatdevelopedthebandwasbuiltin2O18.MiHaipengisthechief(首席)scientistoftheteam.He

tookpartintheresearchanddevelopmentofarobotrockbandwhenhestudiedinJapan.Thatexperiencegave

himthedreamofmakingaChineserobotband.

MisaidthatthesoundandplayingstyleoftraditionalChinesemusicalinstrumentsaredifferentfromthosein

theWest.Chinesepeoplepaymoreattentiontothefeelingsandexpressionoftheplayers,butthesearehardto

controlforrobots.ltalsobringsmanyposerstoMojarobotdevelopment.

Duringtheconcert,therobotmusiciansusedtheir"fingers"and"mouths"toplaytheinstruments.Many

studentssaidthatwasthefirsttimetheyhadseenhumansandrobotsplaytogether.Andtheyneverthoughtrobots

couldplaysowell.

Misaidthepiecesofmusicintheconcertwerespeciallymadefortherobotstoplay.Andtherearemore

performanceplansforMojainthefuture,introducingnewpiecesofmusic.Theteamwillimprovethemusical

senseandemotional(情感的)expressionofrobots.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇正確答案。

(1)WhatcanweknowabouttheconcertinTsinghuaUniversity?

A.ItwasheldbyFangJinlong.

B.Allthemusiciansatitwererobots.

C.Itshowedthemixoftechnologyandtraditionalart.

D.Itintroducedmanywesterninstruments.

(2)MiHaipengdecidedtoformarobotbandwhenhe.

A.studiedinJapan

B.playedinaband

C.wasachild

D?studiedinuniversity

(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedwordnposers"mean?

A.Thanks.

B.Regrets.

C.Secrets.

D.Difficulties.

(4)Manystudentsthoughttheperformancewas.

A.creative

B.funny

C.Boring

D.common

(5)Thepassageismainlyabout.

A.arobotband

B.arobotscientist

C.agreatmusician

D.anewkindofmusic

9.（2022?亳州模擬）

WinterOlympicEvents

Hi,doyouknowsomethingabouttheWinterOlympicGames?Today,let*slearnaboutsomeofthesports

competingatWinterOlympicGames?

Curlingisateamsportplayedbytwoteamsoffourplayerseachteamona

rectangular（矩形的）areaofice.Thegameisplayedwith16largegranite

（花崗巖）stones.Eachstoneweighs19.96kg.Theteamwiththemost

pointswinsthegame.

Curling

Playersskidownramps（坡道）toreachadistanceupto115yardsonthe

normalhill.PlayersmustholdtheirskisinaV-shapebeforelanding.Five

judgesrate（戈寸分等級）eachjumpondistance,formandlanding.

SkiJumping

Teamscannothavemorethansixplayersontheiceduringthegame.That's

fiveskatersandonegoalkeeper.Gamesincludethree20-minuteperiods,

withabreakafterthefirstandthesecondperiods.

IceHockey

（1）Howmanyplayersdoescurlingneedperteam?

A.Three.

B.Four.

C.Five.

D.Six.

（2）Intheskijumpinggames,fivejudgesrateeachjumpEXCEPT.

A.distance

B.form

C.gesture

D.landing

（3）Whencantheplayersrestinicehockeygames?

A.Afterthefirstandsecondperiods.

B.Afterthefirstperiod.

C.Beforethesecondperiod.

D.Beforetheicehockeygame.

10.（2022?陽谷縣二模）BiShengwasbominSongDynasty.HelivedinasmallvillagewhichliesinHuanggang

today.Heinventedtheprintingaround600AD（公元）.Hewastheworld'sfirstinventoroftheprinting.ltis

about400yearsearlierthantheprintinginGermany.Theprintingisalsocalledthemovabletypeprinting（7舌

字印刷）.Buthowdiditworkinthepast?

Firstofall,theclaywasmadeintomovabletypes.Thenwordswereengraved（雕亥!!）carefullyontothe

types.Afterthatthewordswerechosenandputinrightorderinaboxaccordingtothetext.Next,theworkers

brushedinkontothemovabletypes.Finallythetypescouldbeusedforprinting.Theycouldbeusedagainand

againfordifferentbooks.ThemovabletypeprintingplaysanimportantroleinChineseculture.Withthehelpofit,

Chineseculturespreadaroundtheworldmorequickly.Atthesametime,themovabletypeprintingwaswidely

usedintheworldatthattime.Asaresult,moreandmoreculturecommunicationamongcountriestookplace.The

movabletypeprinting,thecompass（指南針），gunpowderandthepaper--makingarecalledfourgreat

inventionsofChina.TheymakeChinaownanimportantandeventoppositioninthehistoryofhumancivilization

（文明）.

（1）Whenwasthemovabletypeprintinginvented?

A.About600yearsago.

B.Around600AD.

C.BeforeSongDynasty.

D.About400yearsago.

（2）Whatshouldtheworkersdoafterthewordswerechosenandputinrightorder?

A.Brushinkontothetypes.

B.Maketheclayintomovabletypes.

C.Printbyusingthetypes.

D.Engravewordsontothetypes.

（3）Howmanystepswerethereinthemovabletypeprinting?

A.Three.

B.Four.

C.Five.

D.Six.

（4）Whatdoestheword"it"inParagraph3referto?

A.Thecompass

B.Gun-powder

C.Thepapermaking

D.Themovabletypeprinting

（5）What'sthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Fourgreatinventionsandtheirpositioninthehistoryofhumancivilization.

B.BiShenginventedthemovabletypeprintingaftertryingmanytimes.

C?Themovabletypeprintingandtheimportancefortheculturecommunication.

D.HowBiShenginventedthemovabletypeprintinginSongDynasty.

11.（2022?阿榮旗——模）Ifmostmuseums，theatersandlibrariesareclosed,youmightbemissingthecultural

activitiesyouusedtohaveduringholidays.Butdon'tworry,aswearelivingintheInternetera（時代）.Virtual

（虛擬的）museums,concerts?andlibrariesareatourfingertips,readytobediscoveredfromourhomes.

☆Cloudmuseums

Ifyouareafanofmuseums,visittheofficialwebsiteoftheNationalMuseumof

China.ThereareVRexhibitions（虛擬現(xiàn)實展覽），live-streaming（直播）classesand

manyotherresources.Forexample,anexhibitionaboutConfuciusisgoingonrightnow.You

canlearnabouthislifeandancientcultureduringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod（770—476

BC）.Therearealsopicturesandvideosoftherelics（文物），suchasbianzhongandbooks.

☆Cloudconcerts

Doyoumissgoingtoliveconcerts?Therearemanyonlineconcertsgoingonrightnow,

suchas"DouliveSofaConcert"onDouyinand'TmWithYou"onWeibo.Goandfindyour

favoritesingers!Talentedsingersareturningtheirownhomesintolivehouseswith

microphonesandmusicalinstrumentssuchasguitarsorpianos.Sincethey'restreaminglive

astheyperform,youcannotonlyinteractwiththembywritingcomments(評論)，butalso

picksongsforthemtosing.Whatacoolexperience!

☆Cloudlibraries

Therearemanyonlinelibrariesthatprovidefreedigitalresources,suchastheNational

LibraryofChina,ShanghaiLibraryandHubeiLibrary.OntheShanghaiLibrarywebsite,for

example,youcanseeonthefrontpagethattherearemanybooksrelatedtovirus

outbreaks.Ofcourse,youcanalsofindothermaterialsintheseonlinelibraries一comic

books，documentaryfilms,andEnglishtutoring(教學(xué))videosareallavailable.

(1)Incloudmuseums,youllfindthefollowingresourcesEXCEPT.

A.VRexhibition

B.livestreamingclasses

C.exhibitionadvertisements

D.videosintroducingtheexhibits

(2)Theunderlinedword"interact"means"ninChinese.

A.跟唱

B.播放

C.影響

D.互動

(3)Whatcanweinferfrom"Cloudconcerts"?

A.Onlineconcertsarenotpopular.

B.Youcanchooseyourfavoritesingersthroughonlineconcerts.

C.DouyinandWeiboaretwomusicwebsites.

D.Youcan'thelpthesingerspicksongstosing.

(4)Accordingtothepassage,weknowthat.

A.singerscanholdonlineconcertsonlyduringtheholiday

B.Confuciuswasbornin770BC

C.youcan'twritecommentsattheonlineconcert

D.youcanreadbooksforfreethroughsomeonlinelibraries

（5）What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.Culturalactivitiesonline

B.LiveintheInternetera

C.Lookforfunonline

D.Lookforhappiness

12.（2022?海門市一模）Howcanyoudocalculations（計算）quickly?Thesedays,youcaneasilyusea

calculator.

Buthowaboutpeopleinancienttimes?Intheverybeginning,thecleverestamongthemthoughtofusing

stonesandseashells.Then,aroundthe2ndcenturyB.C.，theyinventedtheabacus.Someresearchersconsiderthe

inventiontobetheworld'soldest"calculator".InChina,peopleusedabacusestodocalculationsforthousandsof

years.

Theabacusisusuallymadeofwood.lthasmanybeads（珠子）.Eachrod（竿）standsforadifferentdigit

（數(shù)位）.Therightmostisones,thesecondistens,thethirdishundreds,andsoon.Eachbeadinthecentralarea

hasavalue.

Inthepast,theuseoftheabacuswastaughtinallschools.ltwasconsideredtobeanimportantskillthat

everybodyneededtopickup.Wherevertherewasaneedforcalculations,anabacuswouldcomeintosight.

Today,abacusesarenolongerwidelyused.Perhapsyouhaveneverseenone.However,wecanstillfeelthe

importantrolestheyonceplayed.Abacuseshavebecomeasymbol.Becausetheyusedtobeamust-havefor

businesspeople,somehavecometobelievethatabacusescanhelptheirownersgatherwealth.

（1）Accordingtothepassage,whataretheworld'searliest"calculators"?

A.Stones.

B.Seashells.

C.Abacuses.

D.Beads.

（2）Whichnumberdoesthepictureinthepassagestandfor?

A.3781.

B.1873.

C.1433.

D.5423.

（3）Bywritingthispassage,theauthormainlywantedto

A.introducetheabacustopeople

B.teachpeoplehowtousetheabacus

C.trytomaketheabacuspopularagain

D.explorewhytheabacusisnolongerpopular

onebeadstandsfor5

onebeadstandsfor1

13.（2022?阿榮旗一模）EveryoneknowsthatSpainishometosomecrazyfestivals.Fromthrowingtomatoesat

oneanothertoburningdollsmadeofcardboard,woodorplastic,theSpanishfestivalsarequiteamazing.You

maynothaveheardoftheHaroWineFestival,butitisfulloffun,too.

Thewinefestivalisactuallyabattle（戰(zhàn)斗）ofthewine,heldfromthe28thtothe30thofJuneeachyear.Haro

isoneofthemostimportantwine-producingtownsinnorthernSpain.TheHaroWineFestivalwasonlycalledas

afestivalofbothnationalandtouristicinterestin1965,butitsorigins（起源）couldgobackmuchfurtherinthe

earlypartofthe13thcentury.Atthattime,Harohadalanddispute（糾紛）withitsneighborinanearby

region.Oneday,peoplefromthetwosidesstartedthrowingwineateachothertosolvethedispute.Thatdaythe

traditionstartedandgotthename"WarofWine".

Duringthefestival,thewinefightbeginsearlyinthemorningontheoutskirts（交B區(qū)）ofHaro.Peopleare

armedwithbuckets,watergunsandanythingthatcanbefilledwithredwine,andtheypourthewineontotheir

friendsorstrangers.Everyoneissupposedtowearawhiteshirtduringthe"fight",becauseitiseasilystained（染

色）.The"fightHwilllastforseveralhoursuntileveryone'sshirtbecomesb