2025年上海市高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)：六選四句子還原之議論文（中）

專題17句子還原六選四之議論文（中）

目錄

題型綜述.........................................................................2

解題攻略.........................................................................3

題型01論點(diǎn)句題................................................................3

題型02論據(jù)支撐句題.............................................................5

題型03過渡銜接句題.............................................................7

題型04總結(jié)句題.................................................................9

高考練場........................................................................11

01題型綜述

?題型簡介

上海高考英語閱讀句子還原六選四議論文，旨在考查學(xué)生對議論性文本的語篇連貫性與邏輯性的把握。此類文章圍繞特

定觀點(diǎn)展開論述,作者運(yùn)用論據(jù)，推理來支持或反駁論點(diǎn)，話題涉獵教育改革，社會現(xiàn)象剖析，道德倫理探討等領(lǐng)域,行文依

靠論點(diǎn)，論據(jù)與論證的緊密配合，語言富有邏輯性,結(jié)構(gòu)層次分明，而題型要求學(xué)生從六個(gè)備選句子里挑出四個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)?，嵌?/p>

文中空缺處，使文章語義通順，論證連貫。

?命題類型

＞論點(diǎn)句：常處于段落開頭，用來明確提出該段落的核心主張，引領(lǐng)后續(xù)的論證闡述,為全段定下論述基調(diào)，例如“In

additiontoeconomicbenefits,thereisanothercrucialaspecttoconsider.”,旗幟鮮明開啟新論述方向。

A論據(jù)支撐句：為已提出的論點(diǎn)補(bǔ)充事實(shí)依據(jù)，具體案例，統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)名人名言等內(nèi)容，讓抽象論點(diǎn)變得鮮活可感，增強(qiáng)說

服力。比如論點(diǎn)是“運(yùn)動有益身心”，論據(jù)句可能列舉長期運(yùn)動人群的健康數(shù)據(jù)。

＞過渡銜接句:位于段落之間或段落內(nèi)部，起到承上啟下的關(guān)鍵作用，既總結(jié)上文關(guān)鍵要點(diǎn),又自然流暢地開啟下文新話

題，確保論證層層遞進(jìn)，環(huán)環(huán)相扣，就像“However,thesituationisfarfromperfect,andnewproblemshaveemerged.”,在

轉(zhuǎn)折間推進(jìn)論述。

＞總結(jié)句：常出現(xiàn)在段末，對全段論述內(nèi)容進(jìn)行扼要概括，再次強(qiáng)調(diào)論點(diǎn),加深讀者印象，或者對后續(xù)論證走向做含蓄鋪

墊，如"Inshort,weneedtotakeimmediateactiontoaddressthisissue."。

?解題思路

?速覽全文抓主旨：快速通讀文章，尤其留意文章標(biāo)題，首段以及每段首尾句，迅速提煉核心論點(diǎn)，明確文章圍繞什么主

題，秉持什么立場在展開議論，為后續(xù)解題錨定大方向。

?分析空處位置定功能：若空缺處在段首，優(yōu)先考慮論點(diǎn)句,要能提綱挈領(lǐng)，位于段中，大概率是銜接過渡或補(bǔ)充論據(jù)，要

是在段尾,多為總結(jié)收尾，或是拋出引出下段的懸念話題。

?找關(guān)鍵詞匹配:仔細(xì)研讀空缺處上下文,圈出關(guān)鍵實(shí)詞，比對選項(xiàng),找出與之匹配的詞匯，像同義詞，反義詞,同類詞，借助

語義關(guān)聯(lián)鎖定潛在答案，例如上文提及“environmentalprotection”,選項(xiàng)含“greeninitiatives”就值得關(guān)注。

?依循邏輯關(guān)系選：關(guān)注文中邏輯連接詞，如表示并列的“and”“also”，轉(zhuǎn)折的“but”“however”,因果的“so”“therefbre”

等，據(jù)此判斷選項(xiàng)與上下文邏輯是否契合，使文章論證行云流水。

?代入通讀核查：把選好的句子依次填入文中，完整通讀一遍，檢查文章整體語義連貫，邏輯通順與否,如有語義跳躍，銜

接生硬的地方，需重新審視選項(xiàng)。

02解題攻略

題型01論點(diǎn)句題

提分秘籍

圖后弱

?關(guān)注段首或段尾:論點(diǎn)句通常出現(xiàn)在段首或段尾，段首論點(diǎn)句要根據(jù)后文內(nèi)容推斷，查找同義詞或

相關(guān)詞，段尾論點(diǎn)句則要總結(jié)上文。

?利用關(guān)鍵詞和重復(fù)信息：快速瀏覽選項(xiàng)和文章，找出關(guān)鍵詞和重復(fù)信息，這些往往是概括主題的

線索。

?排除干擾項(xiàng)：干擾項(xiàng)可能過于寬泛，以偏概全或偏離主題，通過對比排除這些選項(xiàng)。

典伊坦近

【來源】上海市復(fù)旦大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)青浦分校2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期3月質(zhì)量檢測英語試卷

Manychildrenfirstlearnthevalueofmoneybyreceivinganallowance(pocketmoney).Thepurposeistoletchildren

learnfromexperienceatanagewhenfinancialmistakesarenotverycostly.

21.Timingisanotherconsideration.Somechildrengetaweeklyallowance.Othersgetamonthlyallowance.In

anycase,parentsshouldmakeclearwhat,ifanything,thechildisexpectedtopayforwiththemoney.

A.Manybanksofferservicestohelpchildrenandteenagerslearnaboutpersonalfinance.

B.Theycanshareitintheformofgiftsorgivingtoagoodcause.

C.Itisagoodvirtueforchildrentoformahabittolearnhowtosavemoney.

D.Theamountofmoneythatparentsgivetotheirchildrentospendastheywishdiffersfromfamilytofamily.

E.Parentsareusuallyadvisednottooffermoremoneyuntilthenextallowance.

F.Parentsaresupposedtotelltheirchildrenhowtheyshouldspendtheirpocketmoneywiselybuttherefusedtodoso.

典伊坦近

3Asyoumighthavealreadyguessed,notgivingintothefirstnegativethoughtisoneofthebeststrategiestodeal

withworrying.Bypushingthatnegativethoughtawayassoonasitappearsyoucangiveyourselfthechancenottofallintothis

worryingtrap.

A.Moreworryingmeansmoretimewasted.

B.Thisiswherethedownwardcycleoftenbegins.

C.Butwhatwemaynotknowisitsnegativeeffects.

D.Butdoyouknowhowtheworryingprocessstarts?

E.However,therearestillwaystobreakfreefromthiscycle.

F.Youmaystudyharderifworriedabout,forexample,anupcomingexam.

題型02論據(jù)支撐句題

提分秘籍

圖后弱

?分析段落內(nèi)部邏輯：論據(jù)支撐句通常出現(xiàn)在段落內(nèi)部,要根據(jù)段落論點(diǎn)句和前后句的邏輯關(guān)系來

確定答案。

?關(guān)注邏輯關(guān)系標(biāo)志詞：注意設(shè)空處前后句中的邏輯關(guān)系標(biāo)志詞,如條件，原因，讓步，遞進(jìn)，對比，列

舉,結(jié)果等，根據(jù)這些詞提示的邏輯關(guān)系選擇合適的論據(jù)支撐句。

?尋找相關(guān)信息詞：在選項(xiàng)中尋找與設(shè)空處前后句相關(guān)的詞匯或信息確保論據(jù)支撐句與上下文內(nèi)

容緊密相連。

典例剖析

Googleismydoctor

【來源】上海市上海華東政法大學(xué)附屬松江高級中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年下學(xué)期3月月考試卷

AdamsisoneofanincreasingnumberofpeoplewhohavestartedusingtheInternettogethealthadvice.Theadvantages

arenumerous,startingofcoursewiththeobviousconvenienceofgettingadiagnosisfromthecomfortofyourownhome.

26ButtheInternetcanprovideavastnumberofspecializedexperts,andGooglingcanhelpyoutapintothat.

DiagnosingminormedicalproblemsfrominformationontheInternetcanalsohaveanimpactonsociety'smedicalcosts.

YoucancompareinsectbiteswithInternetpictures,askwhattypetheyareandwhethertheyaredangerouswithoutwasting

yourbusydoctor'sprecioustime.

However,itmustbesaidthatdiagnosisistricky,andcomparingyourrash（疹子）withanonlinephotomayleadyoudownthe

wrongpath.27Doctorsalsotakeintoaccount

yourmedicalhistory,stateofmind,etc.Sonocomputerizedsymptomschecklistcanequalacompleteprofessional

assessment.

A.Onaprofessionallevel,thereisnowayonedoctorcarbeanexpertineverything.

B.ItwasnotuntilheturnedtotheInternetthathemanagedtoidentifyhiscondition.

C.Thisconditionwastheveryonethatmadehimunabletospeak

D.Appearanceprovidesonlytenpercentoftheinformationneededtomakeadiagnosis.

E.Donotunderestimatethevalueoftalkingtorealpeople-doctorsandtelephonehelplineswillhelpyouputwhatyouread

intocontext.

F.Tosumup,ifyourdoctorrefusestotalktoyou,theInternetwillgiveyouabettersolution.

典例周近

Inaworldthatdemandspeopletospecializeearly,wefaceachallengetokeepthebenefitsofdiverseexperiencesand

delayedconcentration.There?saneedforthosewithJack'searlyfocus.15—Peoplewhostartwithmanydifferent

thingsandacceptvariousexperiences.Peoplewithrange.

A.Therewasnotimetowaste.

B.Anditwasallgoingaccordingtoplan.

C.ThegrowingcomplexityoftheworldalsocallsformoreSams.

D.Butitdidn'tseemtoholdbackhisdevelopmentinthelongrun.

E.Inreality,theSam'spathtosuccessisfarmorecommon,yetlesstold.

F.IncontrasttoJack,Samdidn'tshowsignificantsportingtalentuntillater.

題型03過渡銜接句題

辱紗籍

O國國

?瞻前顧后找啟示：閱讀設(shè)空處前后句，尋找提示詞，短語或句子，結(jié)合上下文內(nèi)容，看所選答案是否

能將兩部分內(nèi)容銜接起來。

?利用過渡銜接詞語：注意選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的過渡銜接詞語，如表示并列，遞進(jìn)，轉(zhuǎn)折，因果等關(guān)系的詞語,

根據(jù)這些詞語確定過渡句表示的邏輯關(guān)系。

?理清邏輯關(guān)系：明確選項(xiàng)與上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系，如順逆關(guān)系，因果關(guān)系，解釋關(guān)系,例證關(guān)系等,

確保過渡自然。

典例剖析

【來源】上海市復(fù)旦大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期階段練習(xí)試卷

Thenagain,who'stosaythatcertaintypesofirrationalthinkingaren'texactlywhattheworldneeds?Maybeyou'vehad

grandplansbeforebutstoppedyourself,thinking,4tThafsimpossible/9or,"Thatcoststoomuch,^^or,“Thatwon'tbenefitme.^^

30Kidscanbefullofinspiringaspirationsandhopefulthinking.Likemywishthatnoonewenthungryorthateverything

wereafreekindofutopia（不切實(shí)際的空想）.Sometimesaknowledgeofhistoryandthepastfailuresofutopianidealscanbe

aburdenbecauseyouknowthatifeverythingwerefree,thenthefoodstockswouldbecomedepletedandscarceandleadto

chaos.Butinordertomakeanythingareality,youhavetodreamaboutitfirst.

31Forinstance,theMuseumofGlassinTacoma,Washington,hasaprogram

calledKidsDesignGlass,andkidsdrawtheirownideasforglassart.Theresidentartistssaidtheygotsomeoftheirbest

ideasthroughtheprogrambecausekidsdon'tthinkaboutthelimitationsofhowharditcanbetoblowglassintocertainshapes;

theyjustthinkofgoodideas.

A.Inmanyways,ourcouragetoimaginehelpspushbacktheboundariesofpossibility.

B.Therefore,asyoucanseeevidencedbysuchexamples,agehasabsolutelynothingtodowithit.

C.Whafsevenworsethanrestrictionisthatadultsoftenunderestimatekids'abilities.

D.Thereality,unfortunately,isalittledifferent,andithasalottodowithtrust,oralackofit.

E.Forbetterorworse,wekidsaren'theldbackasmuchwhenitcomestothinkingaboutreasonswhynottodothings.

F.Butthere'saproblemwiththisrosypictureofkidsbeingsomuchbetterthanadults.

典例剖析

Happinessisaparadoxical（自相矛盾）goal.Weallwanttobehappy,yetweoftenfailatpredictingwhatwillmakeus

happy.Wepursuegoalslikewealth,fitness,statusandmasteryonlytofindthatachievingthemdoesn'treallychangeourlive.

16Weworryaboutthingswecannotcontrol,holdgrudges（仇恨）againstpeoplewecannotinfluence,andspendtimeon

activitieswedon'ttrulyvalue.

17Butfrommyperspective,Ihavefoundafewmaximsthathavemademylifebetter.

Meetotherpeoplemorethanhalfway.

Weareanarcissisticspecies.20Evenouroutwardlydirectedthoughtsareoftenself-centered:Wecareabout

ourrelationshipwithotherpeople.Absentourinterestinthem,wedirectlittlementalcapacitytowardsothers9viewpoints.

Thosearemyrulesforhappiness,whatareyours?Whatthingsdoyoutrytolivebythatmakeyouhappier?Shareyour

thoughtsinthecomments.

A.Remembereverythingisachoice.

B.Strivingisgood,butachievingisoverrated（高估）.

C.Nearlyallofourthoughtsaredirectedtowardsourselves

D.Idon'tclaimtohavediscoveredtherecipeforhappiness

E.Incontrast,weoftendeliberatelymakeourselvesmiserable

F.Muchofhappinessliesinlittlejoysandmomentsthatwecaneasilyoverlook.

題型04總結(jié)句題

提分秘籍

目目圖困

?注意總結(jié)性信號詞：總結(jié)概括句常含有總結(jié)性的信號詞，如therefore,asaresult,thus,hence,in

short,tosumup,toconclude,inaword等。

?總結(jié)上文內(nèi)容：根據(jù)上文的論述內(nèi)容，選擇能夠總結(jié)或概括上文觀點(diǎn),信息的選項(xiàng)。

?與主題句呼應(yīng)：總結(jié)概括句要與文章或段落的主題句相呼應(yīng)，確保文章結(jié)構(gòu)完整，邏輯清晰。

典例剖析

【來源】上海市行知中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期月考英語試卷

Tosueornottosue?Theriseandriseofthecompensationculture

PerhapsifsnotsurprisingthatRoslynDarchofHouston,Texas,USAfeltannoyedwhenshetripped（絆侄I）overakid

runningaroundfurniturestore,andbrokeherankle.65TheownerswereclearlysurprisedatthesizeofRoslyn's

payout.Particularlysincethekidshetrippedoverwasherownson.

Ifyouthinkthatgoingonholidayisagoodwaytogetawayfromallthistrouble,thinkagain-millionsofpeople

complaintotheBritishTouristAuthorityeveryyear,andmanyreceivesomeformofcompensation.StaffatBritishtravel

companyThomsonHolidaysareusedtodealingwithrequestsforcompensationfollowingpoorweather,cancelledflightsand

lostluggage,butonespokesmanrevealed,C6Werecentlyhadaclaimfromsomeonewhosaidtheirholidaywasruinedbecause

theydidn'tgetonwiththeirtravellingcompanion.68”

A.Noteveryonetakesitforgrantedtoaskforcompensationforphysicalinjuries.

B.Andit'snottheonlyclaimforphysicalinjuriesthatarekeepingthelawyersbusy.

C.Andweregularlygetcomplaintsfromholidaymakerstravellingabroadwhosaythelocalsdon'tspeakEnglish!

D.Otherswouldsaythatifsgoodtoseethelawtakingthesideoftheindividualagainstthebigcorporations,forachange.

E.It'sdifficultfortheBritishTouristAuthoritytosettlethecomplaints.

F.Butafewmonthslater,shewas$780,000richeraftersuccessfullysuing（起訴）theshop.

典例w也

28Nordoesitdenytheneedforobviousgoalsforstudents'knowledgedevelopment.Rather,the

future-focusededucationliteraturesuggestsweneedtoadoptamuchmorecomplexviewofknowledge,onethatincorporates

knowing,doingandbeing.Alongsidethisweneedtorethinkourideasabouthowourlearningsystemsareorganized,resourced

andsupported.Researchclearlyshowsthatpeopledonotlearnwellaspassiverecipients（接受者）ofpre-packaged,bite-sized

piecesofknowledge.29

Althoughsomeoftheseprinciplesareunderstoodbymanyteachers,oureducationsystemsandpracticesareoftensetup

inwaysthatdonotsupporttheseprinciplestooperateinpractice.Teachersandschoolleadersareattemptingparadigm（范式）

shifts.30

A.Thereneedstobewiderpublicsupportforthem.

B.Therearetwoimportantideasthatsupportthiswork.

C.Thisdoesnotmeanthatknowledgenolongermatters.

D.Goodlearningrequiresactiveengagementinthe"wholegame”.

E.Wearerequiredtoprepareyoungpeoplefortheknowledgeage.

F.Thisispossibleonlywhenactivelearningapproachesareapplied.

03高考練場

A

【來源】上海市延安中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年上學(xué)期?？荚嚲?/p>

Techcompanieswantyourkid'sbirthdate.Shouldyoutellthem?

Technologycompaniesalreadyknowallaboutyouandyourfamily,includingyourlocation,interestsandotherdetails.

Butrecentlytheyhavebeenaskingaquestionthatcanfeelalittletoopersonal.Streamingservices,gamesandsocialmedia

companieswanttoknowyoungchildren'sbirthdates.

1.Theappoftenknowsachildiswatchingthankstobuilt-insettingsthatletyousetupprofilesforkids.

Familiesarefacedwithahardchoice:shareasensitivepieceofinformationabouttheirchild,lieorfindanewwaytowatch

“Bluey.”"Itmakesmeuncomfortable,andobviouslymychildrencannotagreetothatprofilebeingcreated,9,saidDanRaile,a

stay-at-homeparentinSanFrancisco.

Thecompanydeclinedtocommentonthepolicybutpointedtoanexplanationonitswebsitethatsaysinpartthatbirth

datesareusedtoimproveitsservicesand"delivertargetedadvertising.^^

Inthepast,mostappsandservicesaskedyoutoconfirmyouwereoveracertainage——typically13intheUnited

States-whencreatinganewaccount,butnottogiveabirthdate.2.“Thereismorelegalrequirementtotreatpeoplein

age-appropriateways,andtodothatcorrectly,youneedtohaveaprettygoodideaofhowoldsomeoneis,“saidJoshGolin,

executivedirectoratFairplay,anonprofitchildren'ssafetygroup.

Abirthdateisconsideredapieceofpersonalidentifyinginformation.Formostadultsonline,thistypeofinformationis

alreadyavailable.Manyparents,areworriedtheirchildren'sinformationbeingusedforanythingfrommarketingtoidentify

theft,arereluctanttohandoverthedatetotechcompanies.

“3.Companiesarealreadycollectingsomuchinformationontheirusersthattheyshouldbeabletoinferwhat

agestheyare,“saidIreneLy,policycounselatCommonSenseMedia.

Whatcanyoudoinstead?Thesolution,ifyou'recomfortable,couldbetolie,someexpertssaid.Butjustalittle.

'"Generally,liewithsomecaution,saidHayleyTsukayama,aseniorlegislativeactivistattheElectronicFrontier

Foundation,adigitalcivillibertiesgroup.4.Thatwouldbeinaccuratedataifitfellintothewronghands.

"It'sashamebecauseweshouldbeabletotrustthattheseplatformsareonlycollectingourchild'sbirthdayandusingit

forexactlythereasontheysay.Butwecan,treallytrustthat,soIthinklyingisokay,“Golinsaid.

A.Ifsunderstandablethatparentsfeelhesitant.

B.Butforsomeparents,thatdegreeofdetailisasteptoofar.

C.Now,moretechcompaniesaretryingtoconfirmtheexactagesoftheirusers,includingthosewhoareunder18.

D.Sherecommendedenteringyourchild'sbirthdayasamonthearlieroramonthlatersothegeneralageisthesame.

E.DisneyPlus,ontheotherhand,saysitcanusetheinformationtopersonalizecontentandrecommendationsandtodeliver

targetedads.

F.WhenDisneyPlusstarteddemandingthatexistingusersentertheirchildren'sexactbirthdatetocontinuestreaming,many

parentswerealarmed.

B

【來源】上海市同濟(jì)大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年12月測試試卷

ArePrintedBooksFatedtoDie?

Nowadays,thesalesofprintedbookshavedecreasedinalmostallmarketsacrosstheworld,whileonthecontrary,the

salesofdigitalbookshavesoared.5

Areprintedbooksdead?No!Itisn'ttrueatall.Readinghasalwaysbeenextremelypersonal.Thereisnoendtotherange

ofpreferences,andinmanywaysthedigitalrevolutionhasaddedonemorechoicetothereaders.

Ofcourse,wecan'tdenythatdigitalbookshaveobviousadvantages.6Inotherwords,ifyoufeelastrongurge

toreadWarandPeaceonyourwaytowork,youwouldbewisetocarryitinitsslimdigitalversion.Andwiththeimprovement

ofdigitalbooks,youcannowmarkyourfavouritequoteseasily,andsearchforoccurrencesofwordsorphrasesinawayyou

wouldneverdowithaprintedbook.

7Knowingwhatpercentageofthebookyouhavereadisnotthesame.Itisanessentialcomponentofreading

thatoneshouldbeabletoseearoundthecorner.

Thereis,afterall,onemorethingthatdigitalbookscan'tdo.8Manypeoplehavefoundthatitisn'tenoughto

onlyreaddigitalbooks.Withprintedcopiesontheirbookcase,theysay,theyareabletohavethepossibilityofrememberingin

futurehowtheyfeltwhentheyreadthosebooks.

A.Butifyouwouldliketohaveanykindofconcretesenseofhowmuchyou'veread,thenthedigitalbookisfrustrating.

B.Therefore,manypeoplenowquestionwhetherdigitalbookswillalter,ormaybehavealreadyaltered,thewayweread.

C.Somelikeoldbookswhileotherspreferthelatestreleases.

D.So,insteadofwonderingwhetherprintedbooksaredead,perhapsweshouldask:canwereallylivewithoutthem?

E.Theycan'tfurnishyourhomewitharecordofwhathaspassedthroughyourmind.

F.Digitalbooksareexcellentfbrwhatisknownas'"recreationalreading”.

C

【來源】卜.海市第三女子中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期階段練習(xí)試卷

YourOwnBestFriend

Talkingtoyourselfmayseemalittleshameful.Ifyou'veeverbeenoverheardcriticizingyourselfforafoolishmistakeor

practicingatrickyspeechaheadoftime,you'llhavefeltthesocialrestrictionagainstcommunicatingwithyourselfinwords.

Accordingtothewell-knownsaying,talkingtoyourselfisthefirstsignofmadness.

Butthere5snoneedforembarrassment.9Itallowsustoplanwhatwearegoingtodo,manageouractivities,

regulateouremotionsandevencreateanarrativeofourexperience.

Takeatriptoanypreschoolandwatchasmallchildplayingwithhertoys.Youareverylikelytohearhertalkingto

herself:offeringherselfdirectionsandgivingvoicetoherfrustrations.10

Infact,almostallofusdoalotofprivatespeechwhenweareyoung,andaswegrowolder,wedon'tabandonthis

system-weinternalizeit.11

Besides,psychologicalexperimentshavefurthershownthatthedistancingeffectofourwordscangiveusavaluable

perspectiveonouractions.Onerecentstudysuggestedthatself-talkismosteffectivewhenweaddressourselvesinthesecond

person:as64you^^ratherthanT.

Weinternalizetheprivatespeechweuseaschildren-butweneverentirelyputawaytheout-loudversion.12

You're,suretoseeanathleteortwogettingthemselvesreadyforasharpphraseorscoldingthemselvesafterabadshot.

Bothkindsofself-talkseemtobringarangeofbenefitstoourthinking.Thosewordstotheself,spokensilentlyoraloud,

aresomuchmorethanlazytalk.

A.Ifyouwantproof,turnonthesportschannel.

B.AccordingtoLevVygotsky,adultsusepublicspeechtocontrolthebehaviorofothersjustthesameastheyounguseprivate

speechtoregulatetheirownactions.

C.Farfromasignoffoolishness,talkingtoourselvesisactuallyavaluabletoolforthought.

D.Thisso-calledinnerspeechcanimproveourperformanceonvarioustasks.

E.Conductingadialoguewithourselvesmightturnouttobeoneofthekeystohumancreativity.

F.Psychologistsrefertothisasprivatespeech-languagethatisspokenoutloudbutdirectedattheself.

D

【來源】上海市大同中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年上學(xué)期高三月考試卷

Empathy

Lastyear,researchersfromtheUniversityofMichiganreportedthatempathy,theabilitytounderstandotherpeople,

amongcollegestudentshaddroppedsharplyoverthepast10years.13Today,peoplespendmoretimealoneandare

lesslikelytojoingroupsandclubs.

JenniferFreed,aco-directorofateenprogram,hasanotherexplanation,TurnontheTV,andyou'reshoweredwithnews

andrealityshowsfullofpeoplefighting,competing,andgenerallytreatingoneanotherwithnorespect,Humanslearnby

example——andmostoftheexamplesonitareanythingbutempathetic.

Therearegoodreasonsnottofollowthosebadexamples,Humansaresociallyrelatedbynature.14

Researchershavealsofoundthatempatheticteenagersaremorelikelytohavehighself-respect.Besides,empathycanbeacure

forloneliness,sadness,anxiety,andfear.

Empathyisalsoanindicationofagoodleader.Infact,Freedsays,manytopcompaniesreportthatempathyisoneofthe

mostimportantthingstheylookforinnewmanagers.15'"Academicsareimportant,Butifyoudon'thaveemotional

intelligence,youwon'tbeassuccessfulinworkorinyourloveshesays.

WhafsthebestwaytoupyourEQ?Forstarters,letdownyourguardandreallylistentoothers.16

A.Everyoneisdifferent,andlevelsofempathydifferfrompersontoperson.

B.Havingrelationshipswithotherpeopleisanimportantpartofbeinghuman-andhavingempathyisdecisivetothose

relationships.

C."Onedoesn'tdevelopempathybyhavingalotofopinionsanddoingalotoftalking,“Freedsays.

D.Empathyisamatteroflearninghowtounderstandsomeoneelse-bothwhattheythinkandhowtheyfeel.

E.Goodsocialskills-includingempathy-areakindof"emotionalintelligence"thatwillhelpyousucceedinmanyareas

oflife.

F.Thatcouldbebecausesomanypeoplehavereplacedfacetimewithscreentime,theresearcherssaid.

變其演塾

A

【來源】上海市復(fù)旦大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語試卷

CouldaNewBatterySolveOurEnergyProblem?

ResearchersintheUShavemadeheadlinesworldwidebydevelopinganewtypeofbatterythatchargesfarfasterand

holdswaymorechargethantoday'slithiumcells（鋰電池）.Ifsnotjustaterrifictechnologystory,either.Theteambehinditis

ledbytechlegendProfJohnGoodenoughoftheUniversityofTexas,Austin-theco-inventoroftheoriginallithium-ion

battery,andstilldoingbrilliantworkattheageof94.

]Thafswhywe'restillusing21st-Centurygadgetrywithoneeyeonbattery,wonderingifwecangettoacharger

beforeourdevicegoescompletelydead.

Thisdepressingstateofaffairsismorethansimplyinconvenient.Ifwe'retomakethemostofrenewableenergy,weneed

waysofcopingwiththosetimeswhenthewinddropsorthere'snosunshine.2

ElonMusk,thebillionairebossofelectriccarcompanyTesla,certainlythinksso.He'salreadycreateda20megawatt

battery"farm9inCalifornia,andiswillingtoputhismoneywherehisbatteriesare.3Forexample,onewindfarmin

Hawaiihadthreefiresinitsbattery'fhrm'withinayearofopening.

ButnowGoodenoughandhisteammayhavefoundtheanswer,byswitchingfromlithiumtosodium（鈉）.

ThelithiumbatteriesthatmadeGoodenough'sreputationcontainaliquidelectrolyte（電角軍質(zhì)）whichdoesn'trespondwell

torapidcharging.OneofGoodenough'scolleagues,MariaBraga,decidedthattheanswerlayinswitchingtosolidelectrolytes.

Theteamhasnowmanagedtogetasolidglasselectrolytetoworkwithsodium,whichissimilartolithiumbutfarmore

common.4Thebatteryhastriplethechargeofitslithiumequivalent,itchargesinminutesratherthanhours,andit

hasalongerlifespan.

Advancesinenergystoragearevitalifrenewablearegoingtoreachtheirpotential.Theboundlessenergyof

Goodenough-theLi-ionKinghimself-mayjusthavefoundthesolutionjustintime.

A.Batteriesthatstoreenergyforthosetimesisoneprettyobvioussolution.

B.Nooneseriouslyquestionstheneedforwindandsolarpowertobepartofglobalenergystrategy.

C.Theresultistransformational.

D.Yetnoteveryoneisconvincedcurrentbatterytechnologyisuptothejob.

E.Whilecomputingpowerfamouslydoubleseverytwoyears,batteryperformancehasbarelydoubledin20.

F.Commercialisationmaytakeadecade,thoughitcouldhappenfaster.

B

【來源】上海市行知中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期11月期中考試英語試卷

TooBig,TooExpensiveandTooSilly—WhyVideoGameMoviesFail

FilmadaptationsofvideogameshavefallenontheunsuspectingviewingpubliclikeaDropBear.Atfirsttheylook

harmlessenough,buttheyoftenleaveviewersbruisedandregretful.

Thesemoviesareplentiful.5Yetdespitebigbudgetsandqualitytalentbothinfrontofandbehindthecamera,

mostvideogamemoviesarecommercialandcriticalfailures.

6Theanswercomesdowntoacomplexmixofconflictingaudiencedemandsandcommercialrealities.Video

gamemoviesoftenassumethattheaudiencewants,orisinterestedin,thegame'slegendandbackground.Infairness,thisisout

offearthatfanswill?Criticiselegendchanges,alienatingakeydemographic.Butgamesreveallegendprogressivelyovertens

ofhoursofgameplay,whereasmovieshaveasmallportionofthattime.Thistensionriskscreatingboringexpositionand

complexstorylines.Forexample,Warcraftdetailstheoriginsofconflictbetweenhumansandorcs（獸），thecentralconflicti