專題04情態(tài)動(dòng)詞高頻考點(diǎn)（原題版）-2024年中考英語(yǔ)真題題源解密

專題04情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法的重要組成部分。它們是一種特殊的動(dòng)詞形式，表達(dá)一種情態(tài)，如可能性、必要性、建議、請(qǐng)求等?？碱}以情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法區(qū)分為主，側(cè)重基本用法。另外，要注意情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的綜合運(yùn)用及特殊用法。本專題目的在于歸納一些高頻考題及梳理一些解題技巧。以幫助同學(xué)們高效復(fù)習(xí)?？键c(diǎn)考向考法/命題角度基本用法重點(diǎn)考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞基本詞義辨析情態(tài)動(dòng)詞基本用法及區(qū)分特殊用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示猜測(cè)肯定：must>should>could>may>might否定：can’t>shouldn’t>couldn’t>maynot>表示要求，命令時(shí)，語(yǔ)氣由should(應(yīng)該)、hadbetter最好)、must(必須)漸強(qiáng)。?考向一情態(tài)動(dòng)詞基本用法高頻易混易錯(cuò)梳理/歸納情態(tài)動(dòng)詞基本用法例句can/could1、表示能力，可譯為“能，會(huì)”。2、表示允許、許可，常用在口語(yǔ)中。could比can語(yǔ)氣上要客氣。3、表示驚異、懷疑、不相信等態(tài)度，主要用于否定句和疑問句中。4、can’t...too…/can’t…enough再…也不為過。Thecinemacanseat1,000people.

Could/Canyoutellmehowtogettothezoo?Howcanyoubesocareless?

Youcan’tbetoocarefulwhendriving.may/might在口語(yǔ)中可用can,could代替may，但在正式場(chǎng)合用may。表示允許時(shí)，也可用might代替，might不表示過去時(shí)，而是表示口氣比較婉轉(zhuǎn)。1、表示請(qǐng)求、許可，常譯為“可以”。2、用于祈使句表示祝愿。May/Can/Could/MightIhaveatalkwithyou?Mayyousucceed!must/haveto1、must表示有做某一動(dòng)作的必要或義務(wù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀看法，可譯為“必須，應(yīng)該”。2、haveto表示因客觀需要促使主語(yǔ)不得不做某事。3、mustn’t表示“禁止”；don’thaveto意思是“沒有必要”=don’tneedto。4、must可用來表示根據(jù)邏輯推理必然要發(fā)生的事，可譯為“必然會(huì)，總是會(huì)”。5、must有時(shí)可用來表示“偏偏”的意思。Everyonemustobeytherule.

Myeyesightisverypoor.Ihavetowearglassesforreading.Youmustkeepitasecret.Youmustn’ttellanyone.Youdon’thavetotellmethesecret.Truthmustbeout.WhenIwastakinganap,astudentmustknockatthedoor.

must肯定回答：Yes,...must.否定回答：No,...needn’t/don’thaveto.shall1、表示征詢意見或請(qǐng)求指示，用于一、三人稱疑問句。2、表示說話人的意愿，有“命令、允諾、警告、威脅、決心”等意思，用于第二、三人稱陳述句中。3、表示強(qiáng)制，用于法令、條約、規(guī)章中，意為“必須，應(yīng)該”。Shalltheywaitoutside?

Heshallbesorryforitoneday,Itellyou.

（警告）Nothingshallstopusfromcarryingouttheplan.（決心）Theinterestshallbedividedintofiveparts,accordingtotheagreementmadebybothsides.should1、表示義務(wù)，意為“應(yīng)該”（某件事宜于做）。2、常與what,how,why等詞連用，表示意外、驚訝等情緒。3、表示對(duì)過去、現(xiàn)在或?qū)砬闆r的某種推測(cè)，可譯為“可能、照說應(yīng)該”。4、表驚訝、憂慮、惋惜等，意為“竟然”。Oneshouldn’tbeselfish.HowshouldIknow?Heshouldbetakingabathnow.It’sapitythatyoushouldbesocareless.oughtto1、表示義務(wù)，意為“應(yīng)該”（因責(zé)任、義務(wù)而該做），口氣比should稍重。2、表示推測(cè)，暗含很大的可能，可譯為“應(yīng)該是，會(huì)是”。Weoughttodefendourcountry.Pricesoughttoedownsoon.will1、表意愿，用于各種人稱陳述句。2、表請(qǐng)求，用于疑問句。3、表示某種傾向或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。I

will

do

anything

for

you.Will

you

close

the

window?

It’s

a

bit

cold.

The

door

won’t

open.would1、表意愿。2、表委婉地提出請(qǐng)求、建議或看法。3、表過去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或過去的一種傾向。

They

would

not

let

him

in

because

he

was

poorly

dressed.

Would

you

like

another

glass

of

beer?

Every

time

she

was

in

trouble,

shewould

go

to

him

for

help.

usedto1、表示過去的習(xí)慣或過去某時(shí)期的狀況，但現(xiàn)在已不存在。2、否定：usedn’tto/didn’tuseto。區(qū)別：usedto表示過去習(xí)慣動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)“現(xiàn)已無此習(xí)慣了”，而would只表示過去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)，往往要帶有一個(gè)特定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。Heusedtodrinkteabutnowhedrinkscoffee.Iusedn’ttogothere./Ididn’tusetogothere.Didyouuseto/Usedyoutogotothesameschoolasyourbrother?Weusedtoplayhideandseekinthefields.

Wheneverwewereinthecountry,wewouldplayhideandseekinthefields.need1、作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：need表示“需要”或“必須”，僅用于否定句或疑問句中，在肯定句中一般用must，haveto，oughtto，或should代替。否定：needn’tdo2、作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞：后面接不定式（todo），有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化?？隙ǎ簄eedtodo否定：don’tneedtodoYouneedn’tesoearly.Heneedstofinishitthisevening.Hedoesn’tneedtofinishitthisevening.dare1、作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：主要用于疑問句、否定句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，一般不用于肯定句。2、作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞：在肯定句中，dare后面通常接帶to的不定式；而在否定和疑問句中，dare后面的不定式可以不帶to。肯定：daretodo否定：don’tdare(to)do—Hedaren’tspeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,darehe?—Yes,hedare./No,hedaren’t.HowdareyousayI’munfair?Ifyoudareehere,Iwilletomeetyou.1．（2022·上海中考真題）—_______Iuseyourglue?I’mmakingakite.—Noproblem.Hereyouare.A．Should B．Need C．Must D．May2．（2021·上海中考真題）—________IhavetwoticketsfortheChineseFarmers’PaintingExhibition?—Sorry.Theticketsaresoldout.A．Must B．Need C．Should D．May3．（2020·上海中考真題）Accordingtothetrafficlaw，childrenunder12________ridebicyclesontheroad．A．won't B．wouldn't C．needn't D．mustn't4．（2019·上海中考真題）Accordingtotherule，usedbatteriesbedroppedintheredbinforharmfulwastes.A．must B．need C．can D．may5．（2018·上海中考真題）MustIdotheprojectonmyown?No,you____.Youcanworkwithyourclassmates.A．needn’t B．can’t C．shouldn’t D．mustn’t6．（2017·上海中考真題）—________Iparkmycarhereforawhile?—No,youmustn't.Doyouseethesign“NOPARKING”?A．Would B．MayC．Must D．Should7．（2016·上海中考真題）Agoodfriendissomeoneyoushareyourpleasureandpainwith.A．ought B．need C．can D．must8．（2015·上海中考真題）–Mum,______IvisittheMovieMuseumtomorrow?I’mafraidyoucan’t.ItisclosedonMonday.A．must B．may C．should D．need9．（2014·上海中考真題）Allpassengers______gothroughsafetycheckbeforetheytakeaplane.A．can B．may C．must D．could10．（2013·上海中考真題）—MustIgotomedicalschoolandbeadoctorlikeyou，Dad?—No，you__________，son．You’refreetomakeyourowndecision．A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t11．（2012·上海中考真題）You_____loseyourwayifyouwalkaloneinthemountainsatnight.A．may B．need C．should D．oughtto?考向二情態(tài)動(dòng)詞特殊用法辨析高頻易混易錯(cuò)梳理/歸納1、shall用于第一、三人稱疑問句表示征求對(duì)方意：見；用于第二、三人稱肯定句或否定句表示說話人給予對(duì)方的“禁止、命令、警告、允諾或威脅等”。should用來表示建議、責(zé)任、義務(wù)時(shí)，可譯為“應(yīng)該，應(yīng)當(dāng)”，此時(shí)可用oughtto替換；可用來表示驚訝、憂慮、贊嘆等不滿情緒(用在疑問句中)；還可用來委婉地陳述自己的意見?！究祭縎chools_________allowstudentsatleastonehouradayforsports.A.wouldB.mightC.shouldD.could2、“hadbetter+動(dòng)詞原形”意為“最好做……”，否定句式為hadbetternot?！皐ouldrather+動(dòng)詞原形”意為“寧可，寧愿”，否定句式為wouldrathernot?！究祭縒hataboutplayingfootballthisafternoon,Sam?Iwouldrather_______athomethan____________football.It'stoohotoutside.A.stay;playingB.stay;playC.tostay;toplayD.tostay;playing3、“usedto+動(dòng)詞原形”表示“過去常常做某事”或表示過去的一種慣常狀態(tài)?！究祭縃eusedto________inthesun,butnowheisusedto_________atnight.A.read,readB.reading,readC.read,readingD.reading,reading4、could有時(shí)不表示時(shí)態(tài)1）提出委婉的請(qǐng)求，（注意在回答中不可用could）。例如：CouldIhavethetelevisionon?我能看電視嗎？Yes,youcan./No,youcan't.可以/不可以。2）在否定句、疑問句中表示推測(cè)或懷疑。例如：Hecouldn'tbeabadman.他不大可能是壞人。must用在肯定句中表示較有把握的推測(cè)，意為"一定"。否定推測(cè)用can't。例如：【考例】You________betiredafterworkingforeighthourswithoutarest.A.canB.mayC.mustD.need【考例】一Lookattheboyrunningontheground．IsitDavis?—It____behim．Isawhimgototheteacher'sofficejustnow．A．mustB.can'tC．couldD．might6、need和dare這兩詞既可做實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用，又可做情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用。作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，兩者都只能用于疑問句，否定句和條件句。need作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)后面的不定式必須帶to，而dare作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用時(shí),后面的to時(shí)?？梢员皇÷浴?）實(shí)義動(dòng)詞：need（需要,要求）need+n./todosth2）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：need，只用原形need后加do，否定形式為neednot。例如：Needyougoyet?你要走了嗎？Yes,Imust./No,Ineedn't.是的，我要走了/不，不急著走。1．（2023·上海黃浦·統(tǒng)考一模）A:MustIweartheseatbeltthroughoutthejourney?B:No,you________.A．can’t B．mustn’t C．wouldn’t D．needn’t2．（2023·上海閔行·統(tǒng)考一模）Itlookslikerain.You________watertheplantsinthegardenanymore.A．mustn’t B．can’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t3．（2023·上海靜安·統(tǒng)考一模）“You________waitinline.It’stheruleheretopayforthegoodsonebyone.”Theladysaid.A．can B．need C．must D．may4．（2022·上海楊浦·統(tǒng)考二模）Takesomewarmclothes.Theweather________changeveryquicklyinthemountains.A．can B．should C．must D．need5．（2022·上海浦東新·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）You________talktoyourfatherinsuchanimpoliteway.You’dbettersaysorrytohim.A．mustn’t B．can C．should D．needn’t6．（2022·上海嘉定·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Lookatthesign“NoFeeding”.Itmeanswe________notfeedtheanimalshere.A．may B．must C．need D．ought7．（2022·上海普陀·統(tǒng)考二模）Thiswork________takelongerthanwethought,butwearenotsure.A．may B．should C．need D．must8．（2022·上海崇明·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）In20years’time,there________beanewplace––themoonforyoutotakeyourvacation.A．may B．need C．should D．dare9．（2022·上海徐匯·統(tǒng)考二模）You’dbetter________toomuchtimeplayingputergames.A．notspend B．nottospend C．notspent D．notspending10．（2022·上海徐匯·統(tǒng)考二模）Wehaverulesintheclassroom.Wemust________orwriteonthedesksandchairs.A．draw B．todraw C．notdraw D．nottodraw11．（2022·上海虹口·統(tǒng)考二模）Asarulethestudents________remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapersarecollected.A．hadbetter B．can C．may D．must12．（2022·上海浦東新·統(tǒng)考二模）You________makeadecisionrightnow.Thinkitover.A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．maynot13．（2022·上?！つM預(yù)測(cè)）—Haveyoupreparedwellfortheingweekend?—You________worryaboutit.Ialwayshavemyplansreadybeforeites.A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．can’t14．（2022·上海奉賢·統(tǒng)考一模）________hefinishthistaskwithoutanyhelpintwodays?A．May B．Can C．Oughtto D．Need15．（2022·上?！つM預(yù)測(cè)）John!You’rehavingsuchahighfever.You’dbetter________thedoctorrightnow.A．toseeing B．seeing C．tosee D．see1．（2023上·上海奉賢·九年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中）—IsMikeknockingatthedoor?—It______beMike.HeisinAmericanow.A．needn’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．maynot2．（2023上·上海浦東新·九年級(jí)?？计谥校℡oulookedverytiredtoday.You________finishtheworkrightnow.Leaveitfortomorrow.A．don’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．can’t3．（2023上·上海徐匯·九年級(jí)位育中學(xué)校考期中）Mathsisn’tverydifficult.You________beafraidofit.Youcaneandaskforhelp.A．mustn’t B．can’t C．wouldn’t D．needn’t4．（2023上·上海普陀·九年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中）Itisarulethatvisitors____________touchthepaintingsattheexhibition.A．needn’t B．mustn’t C．maynot D．wouldn’t5．（2023上·上海楊浦·九年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中）Iheardyoulaughinginthemeetingroom.You________beveryhappy.A．can B．should C．need D．must6．（2023上·上海浦東新·九年級(jí)校聯(lián)考期中）Couldyoutellme________?A．whereisthenearestsupermarketB．wherethenearestsupermarketisC．wherewasthenearestsupermarketD．wherethenearestsupermarketwas7．（2023上·上海黃浦·九年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中）We________hurryallthewaytotheairport.Theflightwascancelledbecauseofthefoggyweather.A．mustn’t B．couldn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t8．（2023上·上海浦東新·九年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中）David________beathome,fornooneanswersthephone.A．must B．mustn’t C．can D．can’t9．（2022下·上海金山·九年級(jí)?？计谥校￤e________worryabouttheingfloodtoomuch,forthegovernmenthastakenimmediateactiontofightagainstit.A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．don’tneed10．（2022下·上海靜安·九年級(jí)上海市市西中學(xué)校考期中）Inordertokeephealthy,you________todoenoughexerciseandhaveagooddiet.A．ought B．can C．must D．should11．（2022上·上海徐匯·九年級(jí)上海市西南位育中學(xué)?？计谥校㊣’mafraidI________gonow.It’sgoingtoraininanhour.A．need B．can C．may D．haveto12．（2022上·上海長(zhǎng)寧·九年級(jí)上海市新涇中學(xué)?？计谥校〢fteralongwalk,theoldman________beverytirednow.A．must B．should C．need D．can13．（2022上·上海寶山·九年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中）—MayIuseyourbikethisafternoon,Peter?—Oh,I’mafraidyou________.JohnandIwillgocyclingthisafternoon.A．mustn’t B．can’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t14．（2022上·上海嘉定·九年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中）—________Iuseyourdictionary?Iwanttolookupaword.—Noproblem.Hereyouare.A．Should B．Need C．Must D．May15．（2022上·上海黃浦·九年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中）IsawMissLiintheschoollibraryfiveminutesago,andshe________beinherofficenow.A．may B．must C．mustn’t D．can’t16．（2022上·上海普陀·九年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中）Alotofwildanimalsareindangerand________disappearfromtheearthinthefuture.A．must B．need C．should D．may17．（2023上·上海普陀·九年級(jí)校考期末）municatingwithdifferentpeople________helpchildrenlearntogetalongwithothers.A．should B．need C．can D．must18．（2023上·上海徐匯·九年級(jí)校聯(lián)考期末）Alice,youhadbetter______thelinkmethodifyouwanttoimproveyourmemory.A．use B．tousing C．touse D．using19．（2023·上海黃浦·統(tǒng)考三模）Children________eattoomuchchocolate.It’sbadfortheirteeth.A．maynot B．oughtnot C．couldnot D．shouldnot20．（2023·上海楊浦·統(tǒng)考三模）It________rain,sopleasebringanumbrellawithyou.A．may B．should C．must D．could21．（2023·上海楊浦·統(tǒng)考二模）—Linda,I’mafraidwecan’tpletethemodelspaceshipthisafternoon.—Well,we________finishittoday.It’sfineifwegiveittoMr.Wangtomorrow.A．can’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t