2024屆陜西省西安市2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期部分學(xué)校期中檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試卷【含答案解析】

階段測(cè)試卷(一)英語(yǔ)試題考生注意：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑;如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回?？荚嚂r(shí)間為120分鐘，滿(mǎn)分150分。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。1.WhatdoesMichellewanttodo?A.Havedinner.B.Doherhomework.C.Writeathank-younote.2.Whenisthelibraryopen?A.At7:45.B.At8:00.C.At8:30.3.WhydoesChrislookfreshandenergetic?A.Heoftenswims.B.Hetakesclasses.C.Hesleepswell.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abook.B.Amovie.C.Asong.5.Howdoesthemanwanttotravel?A.Bycar.B.Byplane.C.Bytrain.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.What’sthewomanlookingfor?A.Acheaphotel.B.Amodernhotel.C.Anexpensivehotel.7.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabank.B.Inastore.C.Inarestaurant.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhydoesDianasaysorrytoPeter?A.Shehastogiveuphertravelplan.B.Shewantstovisitanothercity.C.Sheneedstoputoffhertest.9.WhatdoesDianawantPetertodo?A.Helpherwithherstudy.B.Takeabooktoherfriend.C.Teachageographylesson.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whydidthewomanchoosetobeateacherasaprofession?A.Becauseofthepressurefromherfamily.B.Becauseofateacher’sencouragement.C.Becauseofthepassionforthework.11.Whatdoesthewomanthinkisthebestpartofherjob?A.Beingwithchildren.B.Winningothers’respect.C.Learningdifferentthings.12.Whatdoesthewomanwantherstudentstobe?A.Lifelonglearners.B.Creativethinkers.C.Goodcommunicators.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WheremightHenrybewhenhesmelledsomesmoke?A.Intheyard.B.Inthekitchen.C.Inthelivingroom.14.Whocalled911?A.Henry.B.Someoneinthecrowd.C.Theguyintheburninghouse.15.Howmanypeopleranintotheburninghouse?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister.B.Colleagues.C.Interviewerandinterviewee.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.HowmanylanguagesdoesDellaspeakaltogether?A.5.B.6.C.7.18.WhatdidDelladoontheshow?A.Sheansweredquestions.B.Shemadesmalltalks.C.Sheintroducedherschool.19.HowoldwasDellawhenshelearnedherfirstforeignlanguage?AOneyearold.B.Twoyearsold.C.Threeyearsold.20.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheexpert’swords?A.Dellashouldkeeppracticing.B.Dellashouldlearnmorelanguages.C.Dellashouldfocusononelanguage.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ADoyouwanttofindsomebookstoread?Ifso,hereisalistofthem.JourneysofaLifetimeAdaptedfromthefavoritetripsofNationalGeographic’stravelwriters,JourneysofaLifetimecrossestheglobetohighlighttheworld’smostfamousandlittle-knowndestinations.Itpresentslotsofpossibilities,fromoceanvoyagearoundAntarcticatohorseridingintheAndes.Everycontinentandeverypossibleformoftransportiscovered.DestinationsofaLifetimeDestinationsofaLifetimetakesyouonaphotographictouroftheworld’smostimpressivedestinations.Hundredsofthemostamazinglocations—bothnaturalandman-made—areillustratedwithvividimagestakenbytheworld-classphotographers.DestinationsofaLifetimeincludesalltheinformation:whentogo,wheretoeat,wheretostay,andwhattodotoensurethemostinterestingexperience.World’sBestTravelExperiencesPopularactorandaward-winningtravelwriterAndrewMcCarthywritestheforeword(序言)tothisgreatbook,offering400excellentdestinationschosenbyNationalGeographic’sfamily.Itwillappealtoactivetravelerslookingforthenextgreattripaswellastothemanyreaderswhosimplylovedreamingofvisitingfarawayandpeacefuldestinations.LonelyPlanet’sUltimateTravelThiscollectionofthe500mostunmissablesightsandattractionsintheworldhasbeenrankedbyLonelyPlanet’sglobalcommunity,sobigsightssuchastheEiffelTowerandtheTajMahalbattleitoutforaprizedplaceinthetop10,makingthistheonlylistyou’lleverneed.1.Whichbookwillofferreaderstheinformationaboutrestaurants?A.JourneysofaLifetime. B.DestinationsofaLifetime.C.World’sBestTravelExperiences. D.LonelyPlanet’sUltimateTravel.2.Whatdothebookshaveincommon?A.Theyofferimpressivetouristinformation.B.Theyrecommendfarawaylocations.C.TheyareincludedinNationalGeographic.D.Theyintroducethesamedestinations.3.Inwhichpartofanewspapercanthetextbefound?A.Fashion. B.Society. C.Economy. D.Literature.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是應(yīng)用文，介紹了四本關(guān)于旅游的書(shū)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)DestinationsofaLifetime部分中的最后一句“DestinationsofaLifetimeincludesalltheinformation:whentogo,wheretoeat,wheretostay,andwhattodotoensurethemostinterestingexperience.(《人生目的地》包含了所有的信息：什么時(shí)候去，在哪里吃飯，在哪里住，以及如何確保最有趣的體驗(yàn))”可知，DestinationsofaLifetime這本書(shū)可以為讀者提供吃住行等信息。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“AdaptedfromthefavoritetripsofNationalGeographic’stravelwriters,JourneysofaLifetimecrossestheglobetohighlighttheworld’smostfamousandlittle-knowndestinations.(《一生之旅》改編自《國(guó)家地理》旅行作家最喜愛(ài)的旅行，穿越全球，突出世界上最著名和鮮為人知的目的地)”；第三段“DestinationsofaLifetimeincludesalltheinformation:whentogo,wheretoeat,wheretostay,andwhattodotoensurethemostinterestingexperience.(《人生目的地》包含了所有的信息：什么時(shí)候去，在哪里吃飯，在哪里住，以及如何確保最有趣的體驗(yàn))”；第四段“Itwillappealtoactivetravelerslookingforthenextgreattripaswellastothemanyreaderswhosimplylovedreamingofvisitingfarawayandpeacefuldestinations.(它將吸引那些尋找下一個(gè)偉大旅行的活躍旅行者，以及許多只是喜歡夢(mèng)想著去遙遠(yuǎn)而寧?kù)o的目的地旅行的讀者)”以及最后一段“Thiscollectionofthe500mostunmissablesightsandattractionsintheworldhasbeenrankedbyLonelyPlanet’sglobalcommunity,sobigsightssuchastheEiffelTowerandtheTajMahalbattleitoutforaprizedplaceinthetop10,makingthistheonlylistyou’lleverneed.(《孤獨(dú)星球》全球社區(qū)評(píng)選出了世界上最不容錯(cuò)過(guò)的500個(gè)景點(diǎn)和景點(diǎn)，所以像埃菲爾鐵塔和泰姬陵這樣的大景點(diǎn)在前十名中爭(zhēng)奪著寶貴的位置，這是你唯一需要的榜單)”可知，文章介紹的四本書(shū)都是關(guān)于旅游的。故選A。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Doyouwanttofindsomebookstoread?Ifso,hereisalistofthem.”（你想找一些書(shū)來(lái)讀嗎?如果有的話(huà)，這里有一個(gè)列表。）文章介紹了四本關(guān)于旅游的書(shū)，所以我們能在報(bào)紙的文學(xué)版塊找到它。故選D。BSiddharthMandala,18,theinventorofElectroShoe—adevicethatenablestheusertoelectrocute(電擊)anoffenderandalarmthenearbypolicestationandfriendsoftheirlocation,usingWi-Fi-hasbeenahit.ThisinventorwasinspiredintoactionwhenheaccompaniedhismothertotheNirbhayarallies(集會(huì))inHyderabadat12.Thestreets,thickwithanger,hadhismindticking,“Therehadtobeabetterway.Womenmayforgettocarrypeppersprayorotherself-defencetools,buteveryoneputsonshoes.”Ittookhimtwoyearstocomeupwiththemodel,usingsocialmediatoreachouttothosewhocouldhelphim.MandalawasawardedaletterofappreciationbythegovernmentofTelanganaforhisinventioninMay2017.Siddharthbelievestechnologycantrulychangethequalityofourlives.HelaunchedCognizanceWelfareInitiative(CWI)twoyearsagototeachcodingtostudentsandhelpedthembuildmicrocontrollerprojectssuchasaGPStrackingsystemtolocatetheirfriendsindangerareas.TheHyderabad-basedCWIinspireschildrentousesciencetoenablethemtocreatesolutionsfortheircommunities,workstospreadawarenessaboutviolenceandconductsbookdrives,educatescommunitiesonwaterpollutionandhelpschildrenimprovetheirreadingskills.SofarCWIhastaughtover500childrenandplanstoexpandtotwomorevillages.Mandalaisnowworkingwithhisfriendsondevelopingaprogrammetoidentifymalignantmelanoma(惡性黑素瘤)withaphonecamera.4.WhatinspiredSiddharthMandalatomaketheinventionofElectroShoe?A.AtriptoHyderabad. B.WomenhismetinHyderabad.C.Hismother’sencouragement. D.Badexperiencewithhisfriends.5.WhatareSiddharthMandalaandhisfriendsworkingon?A.Fightingagainstairpollution. B.Teachingcodingtopoorstudents.C.Developinganewprogramme. D.Improvingchildren’swritingskills.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeSiddharthMandala?A.Braveandkind. B.Caringandcreative.C.Gentleandhonest. D.Friendlyandgenerous.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ASaving-energyInvention B.AProgrammeHelpingPeopleC.ATripChangingaMan’sLife D.AnInspiringYoungInventor【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是記敘文。文章介紹了18歲的SiddharthMandala發(fā)明了電子鞋，這種設(shè)備可以讓用戶(hù)電擊罪犯，并通過(guò)Wi-Fi向附近的警察局和朋友報(bào)警，讓他們知道自己的位置。同時(shí)，他創(chuàng)辦CWI，用科技來(lái)改善人們的生活?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ThisinventorwasinspiredintoactionwhenheaccompaniedhismothertotheNirbhayarallies(集會(huì))inHyderabadat12.Thestreets,thickwithanger,hadhismindticking…(12歲時(shí)，這位發(fā)明家陪同母親參加了在Hyderabad舉行的“Nirbhaya”集會(huì)，受到了啟發(fā)。街上充滿(mǎn)了憤怒，使他的腦子不停地轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)……)”可知，和母親去Hyderabad給了SiddharthMandala發(fā)明ElectroShoe的靈感。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Mandalaisnowworkingwithhisfriendsondevelopingaprogrammetoidentifymalignantmelanoma(惡性黑素瘤)withaphonecamera.(Mandala現(xiàn)在正在和他的朋友們一起開(kāi)發(fā)一個(gè)用手機(jī)攝像頭識(shí)別惡性黑色素瘤的程序。)”可知，Mandala現(xiàn)在正在和他的朋友們一起開(kāi)發(fā)一個(gè)用手機(jī)攝像頭識(shí)別惡性黑色素瘤的程序。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文中第二段“Thestreets,thickwithanger,hadhismindticking,“Therehadtobeabetterway.Womenmayforgettocarrypeppersprayorotherself-defencetools,buteveryoneputsonshoes.”(街上充滿(mǎn)了憤怒，他的腦子里嘀咕著:“肯定有更好的辦法?！迸钥赡軙?huì)忘記攜帶胡椒噴霧或其他自衛(wèi)工具，但每個(gè)人都會(huì)穿上鞋子?！?”可知，SiddharthMandala看到Hyderabad比較糟糕的環(huán)境，感到女士們需要自我保護(hù)裝備，體現(xiàn)了他關(guān)心他人的品質(zhì)；再結(jié)合文章第一段可知，SiddharthMandala發(fā)明電子鞋和倒數(shù)第二段SiddharthMandala創(chuàng)辦CWI體現(xiàn)了他具有創(chuàng)造力的品質(zhì)。由此可知，SiddharthMandala既有愛(ài)心，又有創(chuàng)造力。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。由文章第一段描述可知，文章介紹了18歲的SiddharthMandala發(fā)明ElectroShoe；再結(jié)合最后兩段可知，他創(chuàng)辦CWI，用科技來(lái)改善人們的生活。由此可知，選項(xiàng)D：AnInspiringYoungInventor(一個(gè)鼓舞人心的年輕發(fā)明家)切題。故選D。CFrenchcompanyAirseas,haspromisedtohelpcargo(貨物)shipsreducetheirfuelconsumption,andcuttheirgreenhousegas(GHG)emissionsbyanaverageof20%.Andthey’redoingthiswiththeSeawing—a1,000squaremeterkitethatwillfly300meters(984feet)abovethewater’ssurface.Sotheglobulshippingindustryisapparentlyrediscoveringthejoyandefficiencyofsails.Thelarge,ship-sizedkiteiscurrentlybeingdeveloped,andthecompanyplanstoopenafactorytoproducetheSeawingin2026.Oncemanufactured,AirseashaspromisedthatlaunchingandoperatingaSeawingonacargovesselwillbeautomated,makingiteasytouseforcrews.Thekiteandtheequipmentthatlaunchesitaremountedonaboat’sdeck,andthecrewcansimplypresssomebuttonsandalargekitewillriseintothesky.That’snottosaythatthecargoshipswon’tusetheirenginesatall,butthekitewilltakesomepressureoffofthoseenginesandwillreducetheneedforfuel.Thewindwillmovetheship,justlikeitdidforhundredsofyearsintheolddaysbeforeindustrialization.Loweringemissionsby20%maynotseemlikeabigdeal,butmovingvastamountsofgoodsbackandforthonthehighseascreates3%oftheworld’sgreenhousegasemissions.That’smorethantheairlineindustry,whichproducedabout2%oftheworld’semissionsin2021,accordingtotheInternationalEnergyAgency.Shippingisalsoamassiveindustry,andoneworthfocusingonforloweringemissions.About90%oftheworld’stradedgoodsaremovedaroundviashippingvessels(大船),accordingtotheInternationalChamberofShipping.Somecompaniesareexpectingthisnewversionofsails.Japaneseshippingcompany,“K”LinehasplacedordersfortheSeawingkite,andtheEuropeanUnionhasalsoinvestedmorethan$2millioninfunding.8.WhatisFrenchcompanyAirseastryingtodo?A.Participateinkite-flyingcompetitions. B.Makeseaexplorationeasyandjoyful.C.Producebigkitestobeusedforsailing D.Shipcargoeswithlowfuelconsumption.9.What’sthefeatureoftheSeawing?A.Itwillcompletelyreplaceengines. B.Itwillbealight-weightdevice.C.Itwillbeeasilyoperatedbycrews. D.Itwillfollowthecargovesselatsea.10.Whyistheairlineindustrymentionedinparagraph3?A.Toconfirmaprediction. B.Tomakeacomparison.C.Toleadinanewtopic. D.Toanalyzecauseandeffect.11.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.Theshippingindustryisgettingpopularagain.B.TheGHGemissionsarebeinggreatlyreduced.C.SeawingfactoriesaretobeopenedinEurope,D.Kitesonboatarehelpingcutshippingemissions.【答案】8.C9.C10.B11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹的是法國(guó)Airseas公司正在研發(fā)一種大型風(fēng)箏以幫助輪船減少油耗，降低溫室氣體排放?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“FrenchcompanyAirseas,haspromisedtohelpcargo(貨物)shipsreducetheirfuelconsumption,andcuttheirgreenhousegas(GHG)emissionsbyanaverageof20%.Andthey’redoingthiswiththeSeawing—a1,000squaremeterkitethatwillfly300meters(984feet)abovethewater’ssurface.(法國(guó)公司Airseas承諾幫助貨船減少燃料消耗，并將其溫室氣體排放量平均減少20%。他們正在用一個(gè)1000平方米的風(fēng)箏來(lái)做這件事，它將在水面以上300米（984英尺）的地方飛行。)”及第二段首句“Thelarge,ship-sizedkiteiscurrentlybeingdeveloped,andthecompanyplanstoopenafactorytoproducetheSeawingin2026.(目前正在開(kāi)發(fā)船舶大小的大型風(fēng)箏，該公司計(jì)劃在2026年開(kāi)設(shè)生產(chǎn)Seawing的工廠(chǎng)。)”可知，法國(guó)航空公司想制作用于航海的大風(fēng)箏，故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Oncemanufactured,AirseashaspromisedthatlaunchingandoperatingaSeawingonacargovesselwillbeautomated,makingiteasytouseforcrews.Thekiteandtheequipmentthatlaunchesitaremountedonaboat’sdeck,andthecrewcansimplypresssomebuttonsandalargekitewillriseintothesky.(一旦制造出來(lái)，Airseas承諾在貨船上發(fā)射和操作Seawing將是自動(dòng)化的，使其易于船員使用。風(fēng)箏和發(fā)射它的設(shè)備安裝在船的甲板上，船員只需按幾個(gè)按鈕，一個(gè)大風(fēng)箏就會(huì)升上天空。)”可知，在貨船上發(fā)射和操作Seawing將是自動(dòng)化，風(fēng)等設(shè)備就在船的甲板上，船員按幾個(gè)按鈕風(fēng)箏就能升空。簡(jiǎn)言之,Seawing的特點(diǎn)就是容易操作。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Loweringemissionsby20%maynotseemlikeabigdeal,butmovingvastamountsofgoodsbackandforthonthehighseascreates3%oftheworld’sgreenhousegasemissions.That’smorethantheairlineindustry,whichproducedabout2%oftheworld’semissionsin2021(減少20%的排放量似乎不是什么大事，但在公海上來(lái)回運(yùn)輸大量貨物產(chǎn)生的溫室氣體排放量占世界溫室氣體排放量的3%。這比航空業(yè)還要多，航空業(yè)在2021年的排放量約占全球的2%)”可知，將排放量減少20%似乎不是什么大不了的事，但在公海上來(lái)回運(yùn)輸大量貨物造成了世界3%的溫室氣體排放，這比航空業(yè)還多，航空業(yè)在2021年的排放量約占世界的2%。由此推斷，該段提到航空業(yè)是為了進(jìn)行對(duì)比說(shuō)明。故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“FrenchcompanyAirseas,haspromisedtohelpcargo(貨物)shipsreducetheirfuelconsumption,andcuttheirgreenhousegas(GHG)emissionsbyanaverageof20%.Andthey’redoingthiswiththeSeawing—a1,000squaremeterkitethatwillfly300meters(984feet)abovethewater’ssurface.(法國(guó)公司Airseas承諾幫助貨船減少燃料消耗，并將其溫室氣體排放量平均減少20%。他們正在用一個(gè)1000平方米的風(fēng)箏來(lái)做這件事，它將在水面以上300米（984英尺）的地方飛行。)”可知，文章主要介紹法國(guó)Airseas公司正在研發(fā)一種在水面上方300米處飛行的1000平方米的風(fēng)箏，可以幫助輪船降低20%的溫室氣體排放，因此最好的題目是D選項(xiàng)“Kitesonboatarehelpingcutshippingemissions.(船上的風(fēng)箏有助于減少航運(yùn)排放。)”。故選D。DAnimalandplantspeciesaredisappearingatfrighteningrates.Theproblemhasledtoeffortsto“rewild”placeswheresuchlifeexistedbeforehumandevelopment,pollutionandclimatechangeforceditout.TheAmericancityofDetroitisanexampleofhowhumanactionscanincreaserewilding,whichgenerallymeanshelpingnaturalsystemsindamagedlocations,removingdamsorbuildingtunnelstoreconnectanimalpathwayscutbyroads.Detroit’spopulationreachedahighof1.8millioninthe1950s.Thenthepopulationbegandropping.By2000,therewerefewerthanonemillionpeoplelivinginthecity.Thousandsofhousesandotherbuildingswereleftemptyovertheyears.Somestructuresweredestroyed,leavingemptyareasthatplantsandanimalsregainedashabitats.Nonprofitgroupshavealsoplantedtreesandcommunitygardensintheseareas.Anti-pollutionlawsandgovernment-supportedcleanupsmadenearbyriversbetterforfishandnativeplants.Now,Detroitishometo300birdspeciesandisabusyvisitingplaceforducksandothersduringmigration.Unlikemostbigcities,itspopulationisdecreasingbutitsstreetsandbuildingsremaininplace.Andtherearemanykindsofhabitats,includinglargelakes,riversandhumanneighborhoods.Detroit’sparklandsaresoquietthatpeopledon’tevenknowthey’reinthecity.“Itusedtobethatyouhadtogotosomeremotelocationtogetexposuretonature,”saidJohnHartig,aprofessorofUniversityofWindsor.“Nowthat’snotthecase.Likeitornot,rewildingwilloccur.Thequestionishowwecanpreparecommunitiesandenvironmentstoembracethepresenceofmoreandmorewildlife.Afterall,manycitypeoplehavelosttheirtolerancetolivewithwildlife.Toreallymakeadifferenceindealingwiththebiodiversitycrisis,you’regoingtohavetohavepeopleonboard.”12.WhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusbytheexampleofDetroit?A.It’sgovernment-supportedeffortsthatreallymatter.B.Humans’effortscanmakeadifferenceinrewilding.C.Humansaretoblamefortheworseningenvironment.D.It’shardforhumansandwildlifetoliveinharmony.13WhatmighthavehappenedinDetroitatthebeginningof21stcentury?A.Thecitywasoverpopulated. B.Morecommunitygardensdisappeared.C.Manybuildingswereabandoned. D.Theenvironmentwasbadlydamaged.14.WhatcanweinferaboutcurrentDetroitfromthetext?A.Itisabigcitycrowdedwithtouristsandbirdspecies.B.Touristsdon’tshowanyinterestinitsquietsurroundings.C.It’sbecomeacenterforthosewhostudyanimalsandplants.D.It’sturnedintoaplacewherepeoplecangetclosetonature.15.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“embrace”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Accept. B.Delay. C.Imagine. D.Supervise.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了底特律市由過(guò)度開(kāi)發(fā)造成環(huán)境破壞到再野生化的轉(zhuǎn)變過(guò)程?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“TheAmericancityofDetroitisanexampleofhowhumanactionscanincreaserewilding,(美國(guó)城市底特律是人類(lèi)活動(dòng)如何促進(jìn)野生化的一個(gè)例子)”以及第二段和第三段的內(nèi)容可知，底特律城市由過(guò)度開(kāi)發(fā)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樵僖吧?，這表明人類(lèi)的努力可以在野生化過(guò)程中發(fā)揮作用。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thousandsofhousesandotherbuildingswereleftemptyovertheyears.(多年來(lái)，成千上萬(wàn)的房屋和其他建筑物空置)”可知，21世紀(jì)初的底特律許多建筑物都荒廢了。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段““Itusedtobethatyouhadtogotosomeremotelocationtogetexposuretonature,”saidJohnHartig,aprofessorofUniversityofWindsor.“Nowthat’snotthecase.Likeitornot,rewildingwilloccur.(“過(guò)去，你必須去一些偏遠(yuǎn)的地方才能接觸大自然，”溫莎大學(xué)（UniversityofWindsor）教授JohnHartig說(shuō)?！艾F(xiàn)在情況就不一樣了。不管你喜不喜歡，野化就在發(fā)生。)”可知，現(xiàn)在底特律已經(jīng)成為了人們親近大自然的地方。故選D?！?5題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線(xiàn)詞下文“thepresenceofmoreandmorewildlife.(越來(lái)越多的野生動(dòng)物出現(xiàn)了)”以及“Afterall,manycitypeoplehavelosttheirtolerancetolivewithwildlife.(畢竟，許多城里人已經(jīng)失去了與野生動(dòng)物共處的忍耐力。)”可知，之前的底特律市環(huán)境遭到破壞，人們看不到野生動(dòng)物，而現(xiàn)在越來(lái)越多的野生動(dòng)物出現(xiàn)了；“Thequestionishowwecanpreparecommunitiesandenvironmentsto

embrace thepresenceofmoreandmorewildlife.(問(wèn)題是我們?nèi)绾巫屔鐓^(qū)和環(huán)境做好準(zhǔn)備，embrace越來(lái)越多的野生動(dòng)物。)”指的是，現(xiàn)在面臨的問(wèn)題是如何讓社區(qū)和環(huán)境做好準(zhǔn)備，來(lái)接受越來(lái)越多的野生動(dòng)物的造訪(fǎng)。劃線(xiàn)單詞“embrace”意為“接受”。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoMakeFitnessYourFirstPriorityThereisnodenyingthefactthatexerciseisanessentialpartofmaintaininganactive,healthylifestyle.Butifyou’rejuststrugglingtomakeityourfocus,everydaycanfeellikeachallenge.Thegoodnewsisthatmakingfitnessyourtoppriorityisactuallysimplerthanyoumightexpect.___16___Everyonewantstobelievethattheywillfeelmotivatedforavigorousworkoutintheeveningafterwork.___17___Insteadofpushingyourworkouttotheeveningandthenpotentiallydecidingtoskipit,startyourdaywithexercise.Thiswillcreateasolidfoundationforyoutoworkfortherestoftheday.CreatepropergoalsThere’snothingmoremotivatingthanknowingyou’llhavethesatisfactionofreachingabenchmark(基準(zhǔn)).Createrealgoalsforyourself:writethemdownandletthembethedrivingfactorthatgetsyouupinthemorningandintoyourworkoutgear(裝備).___18___BeconsistentOneofthebiggestproblemstoprioritizingfitnessisinconsistency.___19___HouseMethodrecommendsbeingconsistentwithyourexerciseuntilitbeginstofeellikeahabit.Thiswillallowyoutoincorporatefitnessaspartofyourroutine,sothatitbecomeslessofa“to-do”andmoreofanaturalpartofyourday.___20___Sowhetheryou’renewtoyourworkoutroutineorhavebeengoingtothegymforyears,thesequick,simpletipscanhelpyoureframeyourapproachsothatfitnesstrulyisyourtopfocus.A.WorkoutinthemorningB.ExerciseathomeanytimeC.However,bythattime,you’releastenthusiasticaboutworkout.D.Getaheadofthisissuebycreatingasettimewhenyouwillworkout.E.Therearecountlessservicesavailableforanytypeofexerciseroutine.F.Thesedays,it’seasierthanevertomakefitnessyournumberonepriority.G.Onceyoureachonemilestone,youcanbeginsteppingupyourgameforthenextone.【答案】16.A17.C18.G19.D20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹如何將健身作為首要任務(wù)?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Everyonewantstobelievethattheywillfeelmotivatedforavigorousworkoutintheeveningafterwork.(每個(gè)人都想相信，下班后的晚上，他們會(huì)有動(dòng)力進(jìn)行劇烈的鍛煉。)”和“Insteadofpushingyourworkouttotheeveningandthenpotentiallydecidingtoskipit,startyourdaywithexercise.Thiswillcreateasolidfoundationforyoutoworkfortherestoftheday.(與其把你的鍛煉推到晚上，然后可能決定跳過(guò)它，不如用鍛煉開(kāi)始你的一天。這將為你接下來(lái)一天的工作打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。)”可知，該段建議“早上進(jìn)行鍛煉”。所以選擇項(xiàng)A“Workoutinthemorning(早上鍛煉)”作為本段主題句最為合適。故選A?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前句“Everyonewantstobelievethattheywillfeelmotivatedforavigorousworkoutintheeveningafterwork.(每個(gè)人都想相信，下班后的晚上，他們會(huì)有動(dòng)力進(jìn)行劇烈的鍛煉。)”可知，然而，到了晚上的時(shí)候，你可能一點(diǎn)鍛煉的熱情都沒(méi)有了。前后句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，承上啟下。所以選擇項(xiàng)C“However,bythattime,you’releastenthusiasticaboutworkout.(然而，到那個(gè)時(shí)候，你對(duì)鍛煉最不感興趣。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選C?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)本段主題句“Createpropergoals(制定適當(dāng)?shù)哪繕?biāo))”可知，本段主要講述創(chuàng)建適當(dāng)?shù)哪繕?biāo)。前句“Createrealgoalsforyourself:writethemdownandletthembethedrivingfactorthatgetsyouupinthemorningandintoyourworkoutgear(裝備).(為自己制定真正的目標(biāo)：把它們寫(xiě)下來(lái)，讓它們成為你早上起床、開(kāi)始鍛煉的動(dòng)力。)”可知，完成適當(dāng)?shù)腻憻捘繕?biāo)后，繼續(xù)完成下一個(gè)目標(biāo)。所以選擇項(xiàng)G“Onceyoureachonemilestone,youcanbeginsteppingupyourgameforthenextone.(一旦你達(dá)到了一個(gè)里程碑，你就可以開(kāi)始邁向下一個(gè)里程碑。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前句“Oneofthebiggestproblemstoprioritizingfitnessisinconsistency.(先考慮健身的最大障礙之一是反復(fù)無(wú)常的。)”可知，可以通過(guò)設(shè)定固定的鍛煉時(shí)間，提前解決這個(gè)障礙。所以選擇項(xiàng)D“Getaheadofthisissuebycreatingasettimewhenyouwillworkout.(制定一個(gè)固定的鍛煉時(shí)間，提前解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選D。【20題詳解】根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句總結(jié)文本信息。根據(jù)后句“Sowhetheryou’renewtoyourworkoutroutineorhavebeengoingtothegymforyears,thesequick,simpletipscanhelpyoureframeyourapproachsothatfitnesstrulyisyourtopfocus.(所以，無(wú)論你是剛開(kāi)始鍛煉，還是已經(jīng)去健身房很多年了，這些快速、簡(jiǎn)單的建議都可以幫助你重新構(gòu)建你的方法，讓健身真正成為你的頭等大事。)”可知，這些健身的建議能夠使健身成為你的首要關(guān)注點(diǎn)。所以選擇項(xiàng)F“Thesedays,it’seasierthanevertomakefitnessyournumberonepriority.(如今，把健身作為頭等大事比以往任何時(shí)候都容易。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。IhadagreatdreamwhenIwasinmytwenties.IwantedtotravelaroundAfricawithmy____21____.SoIleftmyhometownwithgreatconfidenceand____22____CapeTown,notreally____23____whattodonext.Luckily,beforemytripactuallystarted,Imetakind,oldNigerianman.Hegavemethebesttravel____24____Ihadeverreceived.“Belikea(n)____25____onyourwayaroundtheworld.”Itsounded____26____,butitreallychangedmyideaabouttravelling.Hehelpedmerealizethattravelisaboutlearningand____27____localcultures.“It’sfartooeasytogointoa(n)____28____countryandbelieveyourwaysarebetter.Butifyoustudy,askquestionsandtrytolearnfromthelocals,you’llhavefarricher____29____,”hepromisedme.Onothervacations,whenIwasonmytourwaytoCancun.Iwasjusta_____30_____.Ionlystayedthereforaweektoseethe_____31_____andplacesofinterestandthenleft.Theculturedidn’t_____32_____me.IleftthecitiesandtownswithoutreallyknowinganyoneoranythingthatexistedinthoseplacestowhichIhadpaidavisit.Thistime,IpromisedtomyselfthatIwouldbea_____33_____traveler.Aftersevenmonthsof_____34_____backpackinginAfricafromCapeTowntoCairo,Irealizedthathavingastudent-likemindset(觀(guān)念模式)helpedextendmytripandhelpedmelearnalot,which_____35_____memorethananyothertripseverdidtome.21.A.pet B.parents C.friend D.backpack22.A.lookedat B.checkedout C.arrivedin D.tookon23.A.happy B.worried C.sure D.excited24.A.choices B.tips C.chances D.plans25.A.teacher B.player C.actor D.student26.A.simple B.perfect C.foolish D.boring27.A.fetching B.commenting C.managing D.observing28.A.big B.new C.interesting D.old29A.dreams B.experience C.tasks D.practice30.A.tourist B.alien C.minister D.sponsor31.A.watches B.mountains C.sights D.pictures32.A.welcome B.change C.respect D.hurt33.A.real B.hopeful C.lovely D.healthy34.A.successfully B.suddenly C.politely D.hurriedly35.A.warned B.frightened C.satisfied D.understood【答案】21.D22.C23.C24.B25.D26.A27.D28.B29.B30.A31.C32.B33.A34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。本文主要講述的是想環(huán)游非洲的作者在遇到一位老人后改變了自己對(duì)旅行的看法?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我想背著背包環(huán)游非洲。A.pet寵物；B.parents父母；C.friend朋友；D.backpack背包。根據(jù)下文“Aftersevenmonthsof____14____backpackinginAfricafromCapeTowntoCairo”可知，作者想要背著自己的背包環(huán)游非洲。故選D。22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：于是，我滿(mǎn)懷信心地離開(kāi)了家鄉(xiāng)，來(lái)到開(kāi)普敦，并不確定接下來(lái)該做什么。A.lookedat看；B.checkedout結(jié)賬離開(kāi)；C.arrivedin到達(dá)；D.tookon呈現(xiàn)。根據(jù)“SoIleftmyhometownwithgreatconfidence”可知，作者想要背包游非洲，因此離開(kāi)家鄉(xiāng)來(lái)到開(kāi)普敦。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.happy高興的；B.worried擔(dān)心的；C.sure確定的；D.excited興奮的。根據(jù)上文的“not”和下文“Luckily,beforemytripactuallystarted,Imetakind,oldNigerianman.Hegavemethebesttravel____4____Ihadeverreceived.”可知，作者一腔熱血想著背包游非洲，雖然離開(kāi)家鄉(xiāng)來(lái)到開(kāi)普敦，卻不確定接下來(lái)要做什么，正因?yàn)樽髡叩牟淮_定才引出下文一位老人給出的旅行建議。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他給了我從未收到過(guò)的最好的旅行建議。A.choices選擇；B.tips建議；C.chances機(jī)會(huì)；D.plans計(jì)劃。根據(jù)下文““Belikea(n)____5____onyourwayaroundtheworld.””可知，老人給了作者旅行建議。故選B。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在環(huán)游世界的路上，要像個(gè)學(xué)生一樣。A.teacher教師；B.player運(yùn)動(dòng)員；C.actor演員；D.student學(xué)生。根據(jù)下文“Irealizedthathavingastudent-likemindset(觀(guān)念模式)helpedextendmytripandhelpedmelearnalot”可知，此處指帶著學(xué)生思維去旅行。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這聽(tīng)起來(lái)很簡(jiǎn)單，但它確實(shí)改變了我對(duì)旅行的想法。A.simple簡(jiǎn)單的；B.perfect完美的；C.foolish愚蠢的；D.boring無(wú)聊的。根據(jù)下文“butitreallychangedmyideaabouttravelling.”可知，but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，老人的建議聽(tīng)起來(lái)很簡(jiǎn)單，卻改變了作者關(guān)于旅行的想法。故選A。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他幫助我認(rèn)識(shí)到旅行就是學(xué)習(xí)和觀(guān)察當(dāng)?shù)匚幕.fetching取回；B.commenting評(píng)論；C.managing管理；D.observing觀(guān)察。根據(jù)下文“Butifyoustudy,askquestionsandtrytolearnfromthelocals”可知，旅行就是學(xué)習(xí)和觀(guān)察當(dāng)?shù)匚幕９蔬xD。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：進(jìn)入一個(gè)新的國(guó)家，相信自己的方式更好，這太容易了。A.big大的；B.new新的；C.interesting有趣的；D.old舊的。由上文“.IwantedtotravelaroundAfricawithmy____1____.”可知，作者想背包游非洲，此處是說(shuō)作者去一個(gè)對(duì)于自己來(lái)說(shuō)全新的國(guó)家。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但如果你多學(xué)習(xí)，多提問(wèn)，試著向當(dāng)?shù)厝藢W(xué)習(xí)，你會(huì)有更豐富的經(jīng)歷。A.dreams夢(mèng)想；B.experience經(jīng)歷；C.tasks任務(wù)；D.practice練習(xí)。根據(jù)上文“Hehelpedmerealizethattravelisaboutlearningand____7____localcultures.”可知，老人說(shuō)旅行的意義在于了解和觀(guān)察不