2023-2024學(xué)年安徽省蕪湖市高一下學(xué)期4月期中考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE2安徽省蕪湖市2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期4月期中考試英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABooksThatCelebrateDiverseHolidaysandTraditionsIt’simportanttorememberthereareadiversesetofholidaysavailabletoexplore.Belowareafewbooksthathelpintroducechildrentodifferentholidayculturesandtraditions.TooManyTamalesbyGarySoto,illustratedbyEdMartinezWhilehelpinghermotherwithChristmascelebration,Mariaistemptedtotryonhermother’sdiamondring.Aftergettingcaughtupinthejoyoftheholidayandplayingwithhercousins,Mariarealizestheringismissing!That’swhensheandhercousinscomeupwithaplantoeatallofthetamales,inhopesoffindingthering.TogetherforKwanzaabyJuwandaG.Ford,illustratedbyShellyHehenbergerThisisastoryaboutalittlegirlnamedKaylawhowantstoseeherolderbrotherKharicomehomesotheycancelebrateKwanzaatogetherasafamily.Khariisstuckatcollegewhenasnowstormhitsandhiscarbreaksdown.WillhemakeithomeintimeforKwanzaa?AChild’sChristmasinWalesbyDylanThomas,illustratedbyTrinaSchartHymanThisbookisafunny,nostalgictaleofChristmasEveafternoonthroughChristmasnightinWales,andisfullofuniqueimageryandpoeticprose.ItwillarouseasenseoffamiliarityforsomeyoungreaderswhileintroducingthemtodifferentaspectsofChristmastraditions.WeAreGrateful:OtsaliheligabyTraciSorell,illustratedbyFraneLessacThewordotsaliheligaisusedbymembersoftheCherokeeNationtoexpressgratitude.Thisisanamazingstorythatdescribesajourneythroughtheseasonswithamodern-dayCherokeefamily.Cherokeehistoryandtraditionsarealsowovenintothestoryinaverykid-friendlyway.1.WhatmakesitdifficultforKharitoreturnhomeintimeforKwanzaa?A.Acarcrash. B.Delayedflights. C.Extremeweather. D.Academicpressure.2.WhoprovidespicturesforAChild’sChristmasinWales?A.TraciSorell. B.EdMartinez. C.DylanThomas. D.TrinaSchartHyman.3.Thefourbooksallinformreadersof______.A.howtofindhiddentreasuresathome B.howtostrengthenbondswithfriendsC.thelifestylesofdifferentethnicgroups D.differentholidaycelebrationsandcustoms〖答案〗1.C2.D3.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四本慶祝不同節(jié)日和傳統(tǒng)的書(shū)籍?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第段的“Khariisstuckatcollegewhenasnowstormhitsandhiscarbreaksdown.

(Khari被困在大學(xué)里，一場(chǎng)暴風(fēng)雪來(lái)襲，他的車(chē)壞了。)”可知，Khari難以及時(shí)回家參加寬扎節(jié)是極端天氣導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第段的“AChild’sChristmasinWalesbyDylanThomas,illustrated

byTrinaSchartHyman(迪倫·托馬斯的《威爾士孩子的圣誕節(jié)》，由特瑞娜·沙爾特·海曼插畫(huà))

”可知，TrinaSchartHyman(特瑞娜·沙爾特·海曼)為《威爾士孩子的圣誕節(jié)》提供圖片。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第段的“Belowareafewbooksthathelpintroducechildrentodifferentholidayculturesandtraditions.(下面是一些幫助孩子們了解不同節(jié)日文化和傳統(tǒng)的書(shū)籍。)”可知，這四本書(shū)的共同點(diǎn)是向讀者介紹不同的節(jié)日慶祝活動(dòng)和習(xí)俗。故選D。BArshbelievesintheimportanceofmakingtheworldamorebeautifulplace.Thetalentedboynotonlypaintsbutalsosellshisartworkanddonatesthemoney.Itallstartedwhenhisparentsboughthimasetofpaintingtoolsforhis8thbirthday.Oncehehadhisownmaterials,hebeganspendingmuchofhisfreetimeputtingcoloronhiscanvas.AsArsh’spaintingsbegantogrowinnumber,hedecidedtogivethemasgiftstofriendsandfamily.Receivingapositiveresponsefrompeoplearoundhim,hesoonrealizedhispieceshadthepotentialtogetmuchmorethansmilesandpraise.Hislight-bulbmomentcameshortlyafter:hewouldsellhisartworkanddonatethemoneytocharity.Hisfirstplanwastoraise$1,000forSt.JudeChildren’sResearchHospital,whichheaccomplishedinaroundninemonthsbysellinghispaintingsonsocialmediaandatlocalartshows.Sincethen,he’sbroadenedhisreachtobenefitotherorganizations,includingchildhoodcancernonprofitCompasstoCareandtheMake-A-WishFoundation.He’sraisedover$16,000forcharitiessofar.Arsh’sartworkisoftencolorfulandcheery,asonemightexpectfromayoungster,butitshowcasestheimpressivetechniqueofagiftedartist.Somepiecesaremoreabstractinnature;othersfeaturerealisticrenditions(演繹)offlowersandanimals.Theyrangeinsizeandcomplexity,and,accordingly,price.Smallpaintingsmightsellfor$10whilelargercanvases,uptofivefeet,havegonefor$800.Lastyear,ArshwonTheDianaAward,anhonorpresentedbyaUKcharityfoundedonPrincessDiana’sbeliefthatyoungpeoplehavethepowertochangetheircountry.Andtheyoungartisthasadviceforotherkidslookingtomakeadifference.“Helpingothersdoesn’thavetobe,like,moneyoranything.Itcanbeyourtime,yourskills,yourtalent,”hesays,“andoverall,justbekindtootherpeopletomaketheirdaybetter.”4.WhatmadeArshinterestedinpainting?A.Abirthdaypresentfromhisparents. B.Hisparents’deeploveforpainting.C.Theencouragementofothersaroundhim. D.Hisfascinationwiththebeautyofnature.5.WhydidArshdecidetosellhisartwork?A.Topayforhispaintingmaterials. B.Togetmoreattentionfromothers.C.Toattractchildren’sinterestinart. D.Tohelpthosepeoplewhoareinneed.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutArshfromthetext?A.Hisfundraisingplanisgoingwell.B.Hewillturnhisattentiontohisstudies.C.Allhispaintingssellathighpricesnow.D.Heisgoingtoteachotherchildrentopaintforfree.7.WhatdoesArshwanttosayinthelastparagraph?A.Everychildhasauniquetalent.B.Everyonehastheabilitytohelpothers.C.Talentplaysanimportantroleinlearningart.D.Helpingothersistheresponsibilityofyoungartists.〖答案〗4.A5.D6.A7.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述Arsh喜歡畫(huà)畫(huà)，把自己的作品賣(mài)掉捐給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)，并獲得了英國(guó)慈善機(jī)構(gòu)頒發(fā)的榮譽(yù)。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Itallstartedwhenhisparentsboughthimasetofpaintingtoolsforhis8thbirthday.Oncehehadhisownmaterials,hebeganspendingmuchofhisfreetimeputtingcoloronhiscanvas.(這一切都始于他的父母在他8歲生日時(shí)給他買(mǎi)了一套繪畫(huà)工具。一旦他有了自己的材料，他就開(kāi)始花大量的空閑時(shí)間在畫(huà)布上上色)”可知，父母送給Arsh的一個(gè)生日禮物使他對(duì)畫(huà)畫(huà)感興趣。故選A。【5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Hislight-bulbmomentcameshortlyafter:hewouldsellhisartworkanddonatethemoneytocharity.(不久之后，他的靈光一現(xiàn)：他將賣(mài)掉自己的藝術(shù)品，把錢(qián)捐給慈善機(jī)構(gòu))”可知，Arsh決定賣(mài)掉自己的畫(huà)作是為了幫助有需要的人。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Hisfirstplanwastoraise$1,000forSt.JudeChildren’sResearchHospital,whichheaccomplishedinaroundninemonthsbysellinghispaintingsonsocialmediaandatlocalartshows.Sincethen,he’sbroadenedhisreachtobenefitotherorganizations,includingchildhoodcancernonprofitCompasstoCareandtheMake-A-WishFoundation.He’sraisedover$16,000forcharitiessofar.(他的第一個(gè)計(jì)劃是為St.Jude兒童研究醫(yī)院籌集1000美元，他通過(guò)在社交媒體和當(dāng)?shù)厮囆g(shù)展上出售自己的畫(huà)作，在大約9個(gè)月的時(shí)間里完成了這個(gè)目標(biāo)。從那以后，他擴(kuò)大了自己的影響范圍，幫助其他組織，包括兒童癌癥非營(yíng)利組CompasstoCar和theMake-A-Wish基金會(huì)。到目前為止，他已經(jīng)為慈善機(jī)構(gòu)籌集了超過(guò)16000美元)”可推知，Arsh的籌資計(jì)劃進(jìn)展順利。故選A。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“‘Helpingothersdoesn’thavetobe,like,moneyoranything.Itcanbeyourtime,yourskills,yourtalent,’hesays,‘a(chǎn)ndoverall,justbekindtootherpeopletomaketheirdaybetter.’(‘幫助別人不一定是金錢(qián)或其他東西。它可以是你的時(shí)間，你的技能，你的才能，’他說(shuō)，‘總的來(lái)說(shuō)，只是善待別人，讓他們的一天更美好?！?”可知，Arsh說(shuō)幫助別人可以是任何東西，只是善待別人，就可以讓他人的一天更美好。由此推知，他的意思是每個(gè)人都有幫助別人的能力。故選B。CStressoftenoccurswhenhumanshavetoomuchworkorareinimmediatedanger.Wecommunicateourstresstoothersthroughourbehaviorandphysiologicalchanges.Thus,stresscancommunicateinformationandevenbeusefulforsurvivalincertainsituations.Ontheotherhand,themassivespreadofstressfrequentlyleadstodangeroussituationsingroups,suchasmasspanic.However,notonlyhumans,butalsoanimalscanexperienceandspreadstress.ThisisthepresentresearchfocusofDrHanjaBrandlfromtheUniversityofKonstanz.“Ithasbeenrepeatedlyshownthatstresscanbespreadfromonehumantoanother,”Brandlsays.“Often,asimilarlystrongphysiologicalresponseistriggered,eventhoughyouhaveneverexperiencedthestressyourself.”Butwhatisknownaboutstressamonganimals?Brandlconcludesotheranimalsinthegroupcanbejustasstressedasthefriendwhoexperiencedsomethingbad.Stressisevolutionarilydeeplyrootedandtheprocessissimilarinallvertebrates(脊椎動(dòng)物).Whenareanimalsstressed?Tobementionedprimarilyarenaturallyoccurringthreatstowhichtheyareexposed,suchasnaturalenemies.Humaninfluencesraisethelevelofstress.“Increasingchangesinthehabitatornoiseandlightpollutionalsohaveanimpactasthesemassivelyinfluencetheenvironmentoftheanimals.”Brandlexplains.“Animalsareflexibleandcanadapttosituations.Butatsomepoint,thestressresponse—theadaptationsthatotherwisehelpanimalsbetterescapestressorslikeenemies—nolongergivesthemasurvivaladvantage,”sheadds.Thisnotonlyendangerstheanimals’health,butalsochangesthesocialstructureofgroups.“Ifweknowhowtheunderlyingmechanisms(機(jī)制)work,wecanbetterprotectanimals,”saysBrandl.Forhumans,too,insightsfromtheanimalworldareuseful,shesays.“Withhumans,wecan’tmeasurethefunctionalityofgroupsunderstresswellinnaturalscenes.”Therefore,Brandlisnowcontinuingherstudies.Inthefuture,thiswillmakeiteasiertorespondtoandhelpwiththespreadofstressingroupsofpeople.8.Whatcanwelearnaboutstressfromparagraph1?A.Stressisbothgoodandbad.B.Groupliving.caneasilycausestress.C.Eachindividualreactsdifferentlytostressfulsituations.D.Poorcommunicationisoneofthebiggestcausesofstress.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“triggered”probablymeaninparagraph3?A.Ignored. B.Eased. C.Caused. D.Transformed.10.Whatcanhumansdotohelpanimalsreducestress?A.Supplyfoodtothem.B.Makethemliveingroups.C.Protecttheirhabitatfrombeingdestroyed.D.Provideopportunitiesforthemtopracticetheirsurvivalskills.11.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Apetmagazine. B.Anewswebsite.C.Abookreview. D.Atechnicalforum.〖答案〗8.A9.C10.C11.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了壓力不僅在人類(lèi)中存在，動(dòng)物也會(huì)經(jīng)歷和傳播壓力，并且介紹了動(dòng)物產(chǎn)生壓力的原因，包括自然威脅和人類(lèi)影響，還提到了壓力對(duì)動(dòng)物健康和群體社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)的影響，以及了解壓力機(jī)制對(duì)保護(hù)動(dòng)物的重要性，同時(shí)指出了從動(dòng)物世界獲得的見(jiàn)解對(duì)人類(lèi)也很有用，最后提到研究人員將繼續(xù)研究以更好地應(yīng)對(duì)和幫助人們?nèi)后w中壓力的傳播?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thus,stresscancommunicateinformationandevenbeusefulforsurvivalincertainsituations.Ontheotherhand,themassivespreadofstressfrequentlyleadstodangeroussituationsingroups,suchasmasspanic.(因此，壓力可以傳遞信息，在某些情況下甚至對(duì)生存有益。另一方面，壓力的廣泛傳播常常導(dǎo)致群體中的危險(xiǎn)情況，如大規(guī)?？只?”可知，壓力在某些情況下可以傳遞信息并且對(duì)生存有用，但另一方面，壓力的大規(guī)模傳播經(jīng)常導(dǎo)致群體中的危險(xiǎn)情況，如群眾恐慌。因此，我們可以了解到壓力既有好的一面也有壞的一面，故選A項(xiàng)。【9題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段劃線詞上文“asimilarlystrongphysiologicalresponse(類(lèi)似的強(qiáng)烈生理反應(yīng))”以及下文“eventhoughyouhaveneverexperiencedthestressyourself(即使你自己從未經(jīng)歷過(guò)這種壓力)”可知，上下文說(shuō)的是通常一個(gè)同樣強(qiáng)烈的生理反應(yīng)會(huì)被引發(fā)，即使你自己從未經(jīng)歷過(guò)這種壓力，可推理出劃線詞的含義為“引發(fā)”，分析選項(xiàng)，C項(xiàng)“Caused(導(dǎo)致)”表達(dá)的含義符合語(yǔ)境，故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Increasingchangesinthehabitatornoiseandlightpollutionalsohaveanimpactasthesemassivelyinfluencetheenvironmentoftheanimals.(棲息地不斷增加的變化或噪音和光污染也產(chǎn)生了影響，因?yàn)檫@些因素極大地影響了動(dòng)物的生活環(huán)境)”可知，棲息地的變化增加或噪音和光污染也會(huì)影響動(dòng)物，因?yàn)檫@些會(huì)嚴(yán)重影響動(dòng)物的環(huán)境，可推理出保護(hù)動(dòng)物的棲息地不受破壞可以幫助減少它們的壓力，故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“However,notonlyhumans,butalsoanimalscanexperienceandspreadstress.ThisisthepresentresearchfocusofDrHanjaBrandlfromtheUniversityofKonstanz.(然而，不僅人類(lèi)，動(dòng)物也會(huì)經(jīng)歷和傳播壓力。這是來(lái)自康斯坦茨大學(xué)的漢婭·布蘭德?tīng)柌┦磕壳暗难芯恐攸c(diǎn))”、第四段“Animalsareflexibleandcanadapttosituations.Butatsomepoint,thestressresponse—theadaptationsthatotherwisehelpanimalsbetterescapestressorslikeenemies—nolongergivesthemasurvivaladvantage,(動(dòng)物是靈活的，可以適應(yīng)各種情況。但在某些時(shí)候，應(yīng)激反應(yīng)——這些適應(yīng)性反應(yīng)本來(lái)有助于動(dòng)物更好地逃離諸如敵人等壓力源——就不再給它們帶來(lái)生存優(yōu)勢(shì)了)”、倒數(shù)第二段“Thisnotonlyendangerstheanimals’health,butalsochangesthesocialstructureofgroups.“Ifweknowhowtheunderlyingmechanisms(機(jī)制)work,wecanbetterprotectanimals,”saysBrandl.(這不僅危害動(dòng)物的健康，也改變了群體的社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)?！叭绻覀兞私膺@些潛在機(jī)制是如何工作的，我們就能更好地保護(hù)動(dòng)物，”布蘭德?tīng)栒f(shuō))”以及最后一段“Therefore,Brandlisnowcontinuingherstudies.Inthefuture,thiswillmakeiteasiertorespondtoandhelpwiththespreadofstressingroupsofpeople.(因此，布蘭德?tīng)柆F(xiàn)在繼續(xù)她的研究。在未來(lái)，這將使人們更容易應(yīng)對(duì)和幫助應(yīng)對(duì)人群中壓力的擴(kuò)散)”可知，文章內(nèi)容涉及科學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，特別是引用了Dr.HanjaBrandl的研究，討論了人類(lèi)和動(dòng)物的應(yīng)激反應(yīng)及其影響，提到了對(duì)動(dòng)物保護(hù)的意義以及未來(lái)研究方向，這些信息通常出現(xiàn)在報(bào)道科學(xué)研究成果的新聞網(wǎng)站上。文章的寫(xiě)作風(fēng)格和內(nèi)容并不符合寵物雜志的親和指導(dǎo)性、書(shū)評(píng)的文學(xué)分析性或技術(shù)論壇的專(zhuān)業(yè)技術(shù)討論性質(zhì)。因此，最合適的來(lái)源是新聞網(wǎng)站，故選B項(xiàng)。DIt’seasyforconsumerstobuyfoodanddrinkslikeabowlofhotriceandcokeonlineorfromneighbourhoodshops,butforastronautssuchthingswereimpossibleinthepast.MembersofChina’sShenzhoumannedspaceflightlastyear,however,wereabletoenjoysuchfood,thankstoJoyoung,aChinesefirm.Joyoungcreatedamobilespacekitchenfortheastronauts.Adrinkingwatermachine,anairheaterandasoybeanmilkmakerwereallaccessibleinthekitchenthroughasmartapp.TangHongbo,whowasamemberoftheShenzhoumannedspacecraftsaidinthenewsthatduringhisthree-monthtrip,hecouldeathotfoodwithjusthalf-hourefforts,acontrasttothepastwhensimilarattemptsrequiredseveralhours.“Ifwehadtime,wewouldalsouseequipmenttoeathomemadeyogurt.Wecouldalsocontroltheequipmentinthespacekitchenthroughmobilephoneapps.”hesaid.Inthepast,mostfoodscouldn’tbedirectlyheatedinamicrowaveoveninthespace.Conductionequipmentoftencauseduneven(不均勻的)heating.Anastronauthadtospendaslongasfourhourstoheatsomevegetablesinthespacekitchen.Tosolvetheproblem,Joyounghasdevelopedequipmentthatgivesouthotairtoheatvegetablesina360-degreeway.Thatenablesastronautstoeatsteaming-hotfish-flavouredporkandGongbaochicken,aspicy,stir-friedChinesedish.BesidesJoyoung,agroupofcompanies,includingXiaomiCoipandHuaweiTechnologies,havecontributedtheirtechnologiestothedevelopmentofthespacestation.Avacuum(真空)cleanermadehaircutsonthespacecraftpossible.NOLOVR,aChinesevirtualrealitymanufacturer,hashelpedastronautsdevelopanexperimentalequipmentthroughwhichlaboratorytechniciansonthegroundcanseeandexperiencewhatastronautsaredoinginspace.12.WhatdoastronautsthinkofJoyoung’smobilespacekitchen?A.Water-saving. B.Energy-wasting. C.Time-saving. D.Money-wasting.13.HowdoestheauthorshowtheconvenienceonShenzhoumannedspacecraft?A.Bymakingcontrasts. B.Byanalyzingresults.C.Byprovidingpictures. D.Byansweringquestions.14.Whatdoesthelastparagraphwanttoshow?A.Jayoungneedstofurtheritstechnology.B.Whatastronautsaredoingissignificant.C.Astronautsonboardcandoastheywish.D.Therearemoretechnologiesforthespacecraft.15.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.TheHotDietontheSpaceStationNeedstobeAddressedB.EarthtoSpace,FirmsAddValuebyCreatingTechnologyC.ModernTechnologyBringsConveniencetoHumanBeingsD.ManufacturersMakeBigProfitsfromInventingEquipment〖答案〗12.C13.A14.D15.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章主要講述九陽(yáng)公司為宇航員們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)移動(dòng)太空廚房，讓宇航員更加方便、快捷地享用食物?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“TangHongbo,whowasamemberoftheShenzhoumannedspacecraftsaidinthenewsthatduringhisthree-monthtrip,hecouldeathotfoodwithjusthalf-hourefforts,acontrasttothepastwhensimilarattemptsrequiredseveralhours.(神舟載人飛船成員湯洪波在新聞中說(shuō)，在他三個(gè)月的旅行中，他只需要半個(gè)小時(shí)就能吃到熱食物，而過(guò)去類(lèi)似的嘗試需要幾個(gè)小時(shí))”可知，宇航員認(rèn)為九陽(yáng)的移動(dòng)太空廚房能節(jié)省時(shí)間，故選C?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“TangHongbo,whowasamemberoftheShenzhoumannedspacecraftsaidinthenewsthatduringhisthree-monthtrip,hecouldeathotfoodwithjusthalf-hourefforts,acontrasttothepastwhensimilarattemptsrequiredseveralhours.(神舟載人飛船成員湯洪波在新聞中說(shuō)，在他三個(gè)月的旅行中，他只需要半個(gè)小時(shí)就能吃到熱食物，而過(guò)去類(lèi)似的嘗試需要幾個(gè)小時(shí))”和第三段“Inthepast,mostfoodscouldn’tbedirectlyheatedinamicrowaveoveninthespace.Conductionequipmentoftencauseduneven(不均勻的)heating.Anastronauthadtospendaslongasfourhourstoheatsomevegetablesinthespacekitchen.Tosolvetheproblem,Joyounghasdevelopedequipmentthatgivesouthotairtoheatvegetablesina360-degreeway.Thatenablesastronautstoeatsteaming-hotfish-flavouredporkandGongbaochicken,aspicy,stir-friedChinesedish.(在過(guò)去，大多數(shù)食物不能在太空中的微波爐中直接加熱。傳導(dǎo)設(shè)備常引起不均勻加熱。一名宇航員必須在太空廚房里花費(fèi)長(zhǎng)達(dá)四個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間來(lái)加熱一些蔬菜。為了解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，九陽(yáng)公司開(kāi)發(fā)了一種可以360度加熱蔬菜的設(shè)備。這樣宇航員就可以吃到熱氣騰騰的魚(yú)香肉絲和宮保雞丁，這是一種辛辣的中國(guó)菜)”可知，在過(guò)去，大多數(shù)食物不能在太空中的微波爐中直接加熱，加熱一些蔬菜需要很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，但有了九陽(yáng)開(kāi)發(fā)的設(shè)備，宇航員能夠吃到熱氣騰騰的飯菜；由此可知，作者是通過(guò)將過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在的情況作比較，來(lái)展現(xiàn)神舟載人飛船上先進(jìn)設(shè)備帶來(lái)的便捷。故選A?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“BesidesJoyoung,agroupofcompanies,includingXiaomiCoipandHuaweiTechnologies,havecontributedtheirtechnologiestothedevelopmentofthespacestation.Avacuum(真空)cleanermadehaircutsonthespacecraftpossible.NOLOVR,aChinesevirtualrealitymanufacturer,hashelpedastronautsdevelopanexperimentalequipmentthroughwhichlaboratorytechniciansonthegroundcanseeandexperiencewhatastronautsaredoinginspace.(除了九陽(yáng)，包括小米和華為技術(shù)在內(nèi)的一些公司也為空間站的發(fā)展貢獻(xiàn)了自己的技術(shù)。真空吸塵器使航天器上的理發(fā)成為可能。中國(guó)虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)制造商N(yùn)OLOVR幫助宇航員開(kāi)發(fā)了一種實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)備，通過(guò)這種設(shè)備，地面上的實(shí)驗(yàn)室技術(shù)人員可以看到并體驗(yàn)宇航員在太空中的活動(dòng))”可知，最后一段告訴我們，除了九陽(yáng)，還有很多其他公司也為空間站的開(kāi)發(fā)貢獻(xiàn)了他們的技術(shù)；由此推知，最后一段表明有更多的技術(shù)應(yīng)用于宇宙飛船。故選D?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第二段中“MembersofChina’sShenzhoumannedspaceflightlastyear,however,wereabletoenjoysuchfood,thankstoJoyoung,aChinesefirm.(然而，多虧了中國(guó)的九陽(yáng)公司，去年中國(guó)神舟載人航天飛行的成員們能夠享用到這樣的食物)”和最后一段中“BesidesJoyoung,agroupofcompanies,includingXiaomiCoipandHuaweiTechnologies,havecontributedtheirtechnologiestothedevelopmentofthespacestation.(除了九陽(yáng)，包括小米和華為技術(shù)在內(nèi)的一些公司也為空間站的發(fā)展貢獻(xiàn)了自己的技術(shù))”可知，文章主要講述九陽(yáng)公司為宇航員們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)移動(dòng)太空廚房，讓宇航員更加方便、快捷地享用食物，除此之外，包括小米和華為技術(shù)在內(nèi)的一些公司也為空間站的發(fā)展貢獻(xiàn)了自己的技術(shù)。B項(xiàng)“從地球到太空，企業(yè)通過(guò)創(chuàng)造技術(shù)來(lái)增加價(jià)值”能夠概括文章主旨，為最佳標(biāo)題，故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Curiosityispartofhumannature.Childrenarefamousforwantinganswerstotonsofquestions.BooksandTVshowsoftenrelyoncuriosity.Peoplekeepreadingorwatchingbecausetheywanttofindoutwhathappens.____16____Manyofhistory’sgreatestdiscoveriesweremadebycuriouspeople.Peoplewonderedhowprocessesworkedorhowcertaintaskscouldbedonemoreeffectively.Thankstotheircuriosity,peoplenowknowfarmoreabouttheworldandhaveusefultechnologytohelpthem.Evenifyoudon’tplantobeaninventororresearcher,curiositycanstillhelpyouintheclassroom.Ifyoudevelopthejoyoflearning,classwillbemorefun.____17____Evenifyou’renolongerastudent,curiositywillmakeyoubetterinformedandthusamorecapableworker.Whatdoyoudoifyou’renotalreadycurious?____18____Ifyouactlikeyou’recurious,you’llquicklystarttoactuallyfeelcurious.Often,themoreyoulearnaboutatopicthemoreinterestingitbecomes.Asyoulearnaboutatopic,gatherinformationfromasmanysourcesaspossible.Readavarietyofbooks,watchorlistentolecturesandaskquestions.____19____Instead,learntoappreciatefactsthatdifferentpeopleknowandthedifferentopinionsthattheyexpress.Don’tassumeyoualreadyknowwhatyouneedtoknow.Instead,searchforalternatepossibilitiesandpointsofview.____20____Remember,everyoneknowssomethingthatyoudon’t.Findoutwhatthatis,andaskaboutit.Thisletsyoulearnsomethingandmakestheotherpersonhappybylettingthemshowofftheirknowledge.Intheclassroomoroutofit,developingcuriosityissuretobeworthwhile.A.Askalotofquestions.B.Butcuriosityalsoprovidesmanypracticalbenefits.C.Acceptavarietyofresourcestofeedyourcuriosity.D.Fortunately,curiosityisaskillthatcanbeimproved.E.Don’talwaysgetyourinformationfromthesamesource.F.Curiositydrivestheprocessofdiscoveriesandinnovation.G.Andyou’llexcelbecauseyouwillbefullyengagedintheprocessoflearning.〖答案〗16.B17.G18.D19.E20.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要討論了好奇心的好處以及提高好奇心的方法和策略。【16題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Peoplekeepreadingorwatchingbecausetheywanttofindoutwhathappens.(人們一直閱讀或觀看，因?yàn)樗麄兿胫腊l(fā)生了什么)”以及下文講述了好奇心的好處可知，此處與前文形成對(duì)比，并引出后文好奇心的好處，故B項(xiàng)“但是好奇心也會(huì)帶來(lái)一些實(shí)際的好處?！蹦軌虺猩蠁⑾拢险Z(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Evenifyoudon’tplantobeaninventororresearcher,curiositycanstillhelpyouintheclassroom.Ifyoudevelopthejoyoflearning,classwillbemorefun.(即使你不打算成為一個(gè)發(fā)明者和研究者，好奇心也能在課堂上幫助你。如果你培養(yǎng)了學(xué)習(xí)的樂(lè)趣，教室就會(huì)變得更加有趣)”可知，此處指出好奇心可以在課堂上幫助你，也解釋了好奇心如何讓學(xué)習(xí)更有趣和投入，此處在說(shuō)明好奇心帶來(lái)的實(shí)際好處，故G項(xiàng)“你會(huì)出類(lèi)拔萃，因?yàn)槟銜?huì)全身心地投入到學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中。”能夠承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Whatdoyoudoifyou’renotalreadycurious?(如果你已經(jīng)不再感到好奇了，應(yīng)該怎么做呢？)”可知，此處提出了問(wèn)題，且空后的內(nèi)容介紹了一些提高好奇心的方法和策略，故D項(xiàng)“幸運(yùn)地是，好奇心是一種可以培養(yǎng)的技能?！蹦軌虺猩蠁⑾?，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Instead,learntoappreciatefactsthatdifferentpeopleknowandthedifferentopinionsthattheyexpress.(相反，學(xué)會(huì)去欣賞不同的人知道的事實(shí)，以及他們表達(dá)的不同的觀點(diǎn))”可知，此處與下文是對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，故E項(xiàng)“不要總是從相同的渠道獲取資源”能夠銜接下文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Remember,everyoneknowssomethingthatyoudon’t.Findoutwhatthatis,andaskaboutit.(記住，每個(gè)人都知道一些你不知道的事情，弄清楚它們是什么，并詢(xún)問(wèn)它們是什么)”可知，本段內(nèi)容主要提出培養(yǎng)好奇心的另一個(gè)方法——問(wèn)問(wèn)題，故A項(xiàng)“問(wèn)很多問(wèn)題?！蹦軌蚋爬ū径未笠?，適合作本段主旨句，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Louie,apetparrot,savedawholefamily.He___21___thesleepingKleinfamilyinthemiddleofthenightasflamessweptthroughtheirhome.“Louieisatrue___22___,”BarbaraKleinrecentlytoldnewsagencySouthWestNewsService(SWNS).“Ifithadn’tbeenforhim,Iprobablywouldn’thavebeen___23___atthattime.Hestartedshouting‘Fire’.Hehadneversaidthatwordbeforeinmy___24___.WhenIwokeup,thefirewasstartingtospreadacrossthelivingroomfloor.”Unluckilyforthefamily,Louiedidn’t___25___.Barbarasaid,“Hewaslikeourbabies,soit’s___26___.”Barbaratookherfive-year-oldgranddaughter___27___andranoutofthehouse.HerhusbandLarryalsomadeitout,butwasseverelywoundedwhenescapingfromtheburningbuilding.“Herantothekitchenandtriedto___28___thefireoutwithwater,”BarbaratoldSWNS.“Afterweleft,heranbackintothehouseandinsistedon___29___thepetbutwithno___30___.”TheKleinssufferedgreat___31___inthefire.Theirhousewasin___32___alongwithitscontentsandtheparrotLouiepassedaway.“Peoplehave___33___withclothingandsomeonedonatedanapartmentforthreemonths,”Barbarasaid.“Themanwhodonatedtheapartmentalso___34___uswithababyparrot.WecallhimLouieJrto___35___Louie.”21.A.annoyed B.alarmed C.impressed D.noticed22.A.model B.genius C.hero D.pioneer23.A.awake B.asleep C.alone D.afraid24.A.opinion B.way C.memory D.sight25.A.survive B.resist C.arrive D.respond26.A.frightening B.shocking C.sorrowful D.grateful27.A.angrily B.gently C.secretly D.immediately28.A.turn B.blow C.keep D.put29.A.accompanying B.saving C.comforting D.adopting30.A.luck B.doubt C.evidence D.barrier31.A.injuries B.losses C.pressures D.failures32.A.detail B.place C.ruins D.rows33.A.rushedout B.comeback C.runaway D.reachedout34.A.presented B.equipped C.linked D.compared35.A.replace B.honor C.forget D.reward〖答案〗21.B22.C23.A24.C25.A26.C27.D28.D29.B30.A31.B32.C33.D34.A35.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道，文章主要報(bào)道一只寵物鸚鵡發(fā)現(xiàn)家中起火，在熊熊烈火中及時(shí)呼救，成了全家人的救命英雄的故事?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他在大半夜驚動(dòng)了熟睡的Klein一家，當(dāng)時(shí)火焰正席卷他們的家。A.annoyed使生氣，惹惱；B.alarmed使擔(dān)心，使驚恐，使警報(bào)；C.impressed給……留下印象；D.noticed注意到。根據(jù)“thesleepingKleinfamilyinthemiddleofthenightasflamessweptthroughtheirhome”可知，發(fā)生火災(zāi)時(shí)，他驚動(dòng)了熟睡的Klein一家，故選B。【22題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“Louie是一個(gè)真正的英雄，”BarbaraKlein最近告訴SWNS新聞社。A.model模特；B.genius天才；C.hero英雄；D.pioneer先驅(qū)。根據(jù)文章首句“Louie,apetparrot,savedawholefamily.(Louie，一只寵物鸚鵡，拯救了整個(gè)家庭)”可知，Louie拯救了整個(gè)家庭，故是一個(gè)真正的英雄，故選C?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如果不是因?yàn)樗?，我那時(shí)可能不會(huì)醒著。A.awake醒著的；B.asleep睡著的；C.alone獨(dú)自的；D.afraid害怕的。根據(jù)下文“WhenIwokeup”可知，鸚鵡叫醒了Barbara，故選A?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在我的記憶中，他以前從未說(shuō)過(guò)那個(gè)詞。A.opinion觀點(diǎn)；B.way方法；C.memory記憶；D.sight視野，景象。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境及“before”可知，此處指在記憶中鸚鵡以前從沒(méi)說(shuō)過(guò)“Fire”這個(gè)詞，故選C。【25題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：不幸的是，Louie沒(méi)能活下來(lái)。A.survive幸存；B.resist抵抗；C.arrive到達(dá)；D.respond回應(yīng)。根據(jù)下文“theparrotLouiepassedaway”可知，鸚鵡去世了，沒(méi)有能活下來(lái)，故選A?！?6題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Barbara說(shuō)：“他就像我們的孩子，所以很悲傷?！盇.frightening令人害怕的；B.shocking令人震驚的；C.sorrowful悲傷的，悲哀的；D.grateful感激的。根據(jù)“Hewaslikeourbabies”可知，鸚鵡就像家里的孩子一樣，所以鸚鵡去世是一件悲傷的事情，故選C?！?7題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Barbara立刻帶著她五歲的孫女跑出了房子。A.angrily生氣地；B.gently溫柔地；C.secretly秘密地；D.immediately立即。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境以“ranoutofthehouse”可知，發(fā)生火災(zāi)應(yīng)立刻逃生，故選D?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“他跑到廚房，試圖用水把火撲滅，”Barbara告訴SWNS。A.turn翻轉(zhuǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)彎；B.blow吹；C.keep保持；D.put使處于（某狀態(tài)或情況）。根據(jù)“withwater”可知，此處指用水滅火，putout“熄滅，撲滅”，故選D?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們離開(kāi)后，他跑回屋里，堅(jiān)持要救寵物，但運(yùn)氣不好。A.accompanying陪伴；B.saving救；C.comforting安慰；D.adopting收養(yǎng)。結(jié)合“heranbackintothehouse”可知，發(fā)生火災(zāi)時(shí)跑回屋子應(yīng)是要救鸚鵡出來(lái)，故選B。【30題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.luck幸運(yùn)，運(yùn)氣；B.doubt懷疑；C.evidence證據(jù)；D.barrier障礙。根據(jù)下文“theparrotLouiepassedaway”可知，沒(méi)能救出鸚鵡，noluck“不走運(yùn)”，故選A。【31題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Kleins一家在火災(zāi)中損失慘重。A.injuries受傷；B.losses損失；C.pressures壓力；D.failures失敗。結(jié)合下文“Theirhousewasin______alongwithitscontentsandtheparrotLouiepassedaway.”可知，這家人在火災(zāi)中損失慘重，故選B?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們的房子和里面的東西都成了廢墟，鸚鵡Louie也去世了。A.detail細(xì)節(jié)；B.place地方；C.ruins廢墟；D.rows行，排。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境及下文“someonedonatedanapartmentforthreemonths”可知，房子被燒成廢墟，beinruins“成為廢墟”，故選C?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：“人們紛紛伸出援手，提供衣物，有人捐贈(zèng)了一套公寓，為期三個(gè)月?！盉arbara說(shuō)。A.rushedout沖出去；B.comeback回來(lái)；C.runaway逃跑；D.reachedout伸出援手。根據(jù)“someonedonatedanapartment”可知，此處是描述好心人對(duì)受災(zāi)人群的幫助，故選D?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：捐贈(zèng)公寓的人還送給我們一只小鸚鵡。A.presented把……交給；B.equipped配備；C.linked連接；D.compared比較。根據(jù)空后“uswithababyparrot”可知，此處指“那個(gè)人還送給我們一只小鸚鵡”，故選A?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們叫他LouieJr以紀(jì)念Louie。A.replace替代；B.honor尊敬，尊重；C.forget忘記；D.reward獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。根據(jù)“LouieJr”可知，給小鸚鵡取名LouieJr是為了對(duì)Louie表達(dá)敬意，故選B。第二節(jié)（共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Manypeopletaketheideaofsavingmoneyveryseriously.Backin1924,inItaly,agroupofpeople___36___(think)theinabilitytoresistspendingbecameamajorsocialproblem.Theyhadtheideaof___37___(start)adaytoremindpeopletoputawaysomemoneyforarainyday.ThisishowWorldSavingDay,heldonOct.31stannually,wasstarted,andit’sstillgoingstrongnow.Not___38___(surprise),amovementtargetingthepoorwasstarted.Peopleinthe___39___(underdevelop)worldaremoreopentocallstobecarefulwithmoney.But___40___ideaofbeingthrifty(節(jié)儉)hasalsobecomepopularamongtherich.TakeMarkZuckerberg___41___example.TheFacebookfounder,oneoftheworld’s___42___(rich)people,doesn’tspendverymuchmoneyonhimself.Otherpeopledon’tspendmoneybecausetheydon’tlikethecultureofconsumption.Thisisconnectedtotheviewthatweshouldmakeourselveshappythroughthe___43___(activity)wetakepartin,ratherthanwithwhatwebuy.Buthoweverweviewmoney,moderatespendingiscertainlyagoodideawhenwearestilltooyoungtogetajob.ThereisaBritishsaying___44___offerssomegoodadviceinthissituation:“Lookafterthepennies,andthepoundswilllookafter___45___(they).”〖答案〗36.thought37.starting38.surprisingly39.underdeveloped40.t