高一下學(xué)期期末模擬預(yù)測(cè)卷（必修三至選必一） 高一英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末 （人教版2019）

2022-2023高一英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末模擬預(yù)測(cè)卷（時(shí)間90分鐘，滿(mǎn)分120分）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)等填寫(xiě)在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時(shí),選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng),用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí),將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回；4.測(cè)試范圍：必修第三冊(cè)和選修第一冊(cè)。第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分40分）第一節(jié)（共11小題；每小題2.5分,滿(mǎn)分27.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。AFantasticFireFestivalsAroundtheWorldQuemadelDiabloInCentralAmerica,QuemadelDiablo,or“burningofthedevil(魔鬼)”takesplaceinGuatemalaonDecember7,whenthedevilisdrivenfromGuatemalans’homesandchasedintothestreets.Byholdingfireworkdisplays,bonfires(篝火),andburningdevilstatues,localsbelievetheyareriddingthemselvesofbadspirits.GuyFawkesNightThemostfamousfireceremonyofallhappensinEngland.GuyFawkesNight,alsoknownasBonfireNight,isheldonNovember5andgoesbackallthewayto1605.ThemostfamousandbiggestcelebrationisinLewesinSussex,alsoknownasthebonfirecapitaloftheworld.Wholestreetsareshutdownandtensofthousandsofpeopletaketothestreetstowatchparades(游行).FireandSnowFestivalInmid-Februaryeveryyear,theFireandSnowFestivallightsthedistrictofKakunodateinJapan.Originally,thisfestivalhaditsrootsinapurificationceremony,whenfarmingcommunitieswouldtrytoridthebadspirits.Thefestivalisnowmoreofacommunityevent.Asweetcakeisservedupthere.Atthepeakofthefestival,participantslightabasketball-sizedricestrawballthat’sattachedtoaropeandkeepitspinningabovetheirheads.JeongwolDaeboreumDeulbliFestivalAnotherfirecelebrationtakingplaceinFebruaryistheJeongwolDaeboreumDeulbliFestivalinSouthKorea,whichtakesplaceontheislandofJeju.Althoughthefestivalisfairlynew,havingonlybeenaroundfortwodecades,itgoesbackcenturiestowhenlocalfamilieswouldkeepcows.Tomaintainthegrass,farmerswouldsetfiretothemountainstodestroyoldgrassandkillharmfulinsects.Now,ahilltopissetalighttoprayforhealthandagoodharvestinthecomingyear—aswellasatorchlightmarch,rocklifting,andastrawropemakingcompetition.1．Whereisthebonfirecapitaloftheworld?A．InJapan. B．InEngland.C．InSouthKorea. D．InCentralAmerica.2．WhatistheoriginalpurposeoftheFireandSnowFestival?A．Todriveawaybadspirits. B．Tocelebrateagoodharvest.C．Togetpreciousfireforfarming. D．Topromotedifferentballgames.3．Whatdothelasttwofestivalshaveincommon?A．Sweetcakesareservedupthere. B．Thereareinsectsproducinglight.C．Theyareheldinthesamemonth. D．Theyfeaturevariouscompetitions.BTheCathedralofSantaMariadelFiore,completedin1436,isthemostimportantlandmarkinFlorence,Italy,andthefourthlargestchurchintheworld.Themostfamouspartofthechurchisthedome(穹頂).ItwascreatedbythegeniusoftheRenaissance(文藝復(fù)興),FilippoBrunelleschi,whoshowedagreatmasteryoftechnicalknowledge.Interestingly,Brunelleschihadbeenatrainedgoldsmith(金匠)andhadneverbuiltanythinginhislifebeforebuildingthemasterpiece.Thismaysoundcrazy,butinmanywayswelookattherelationbetweenBrunelleschiandthechurch,itseemedthathewas“thechosenone”tocompletetheconstruction.Whenhewasbornin1377,thechurchhadbeenunderconstructionfor80yearswithnosolutiontothedome-shapedroof.Thebuildingofthechurchhadgrownsolargerandgranderthantheoriginalplansthatnoonehadanyideahowitwouldorcouldbedone.In1418apubliccompetitionwasannouncedfortheconstructionofthedome.Ofcourse,therewasthepossibilityofbuildingthedomewithawoodenstructuretosupportit,butthatwouldendupbeingcostlyrequiringover400trees,lotsofmanpowerandtime.WhenBrunelleschienteredthecompetition,hewastheonlyonewithanideathatdidnotusewood,whichcaughttheattentionofthejudges.Brunelleschididmanymathematicalcalculationsandinventedalotofnewtoolsandmachinesfortheproject,whichwasstartedtwoyearsafterhewonthecompetition.Hefinishedthedomeinonlysixteenyears,whichwasshockinglyfastbackinhistime.Alwaysknownasasecretiveperson,Brunelleschididn’tleaveasinglebuildingplan,drawing,orevenaletterbehindonhowhemanagedtocomeupwithsuchanamazingdesign.Foryears,thestructurewasahugemysteryabouthowthedomewasbuilt.4．Whydidthechurchremainunfinishedforalongtime?A．Itwaswaitingforthechosenoneforthetask. B．Itwenttoofarawayfromtheoriginalplan.C．Thewood,laborandtimewerenotenough. D．Thetoolsandmachineshadnotbeeninvented.5．WhydidBrunelleschigetthejudges’attention?A．Hewasatrainedgoldsmith. B．Hehadagiftforinvention.C．Heraisedadifferentdesign. D．Hewasgoodatcalculation.6．Inwhichyearwasthedomecompleted?A．1418. B．1420. C．1434. D．1436.7．Whatdoestheunderlined“secretive”meaninthelastparagraph?A．Notoutgoinginpersonality. B．Creativeinimagination.C．Notafraidwhenmakingdecisions. D．Energeticwhenworking.CThreeastronautsstationedinChina’sTiangongspacestationarepreparingfortheirreturntripinthemiddleofApril,packinguppersonalitems,experimentalproductsandothermaterials,puttingequipmentintoplaceandexercisingtopreparetheirbodiesforEarth’sgravity.Theastronauts,ZhaiZhigang,WangYapingandYeGuangfu,havetotidyupalargenumberofmaterials,includinggoodsontheTianzhou3cargospacecraft,saidZhongWeiwei,anassociateresearcherattheChinaAstronautResearchandTrainingCenter.Livinginspaceaboutsixmonths,arecordinChina’shistory,theyhavecompletedmorethan20scientifictasksandwillbringbacksampleswiththem,accordingtoZhong.HesaidtheastronautshavetoputallequipmentinplacesincetherewillbeagapofmorethanonemonthbeforetheastronautsofShenzhouⅩⅣenterthespacestation.Thephysicalconditionsandpsychologicalstatesofthethreeastronautsarebetterthanexpected,meetingtherequirementsforareturntrip,saidtheassociateresearcherfromthecenter’saerospacemedicalengineeringoffice.Basedontheirin-orbitphysicalexaminationsanddata,expertshaveadjustedexerciseplansforthemtokeepfitnessinordertoensureasafelanding,Zhongsaid.TheShenzhouⅩⅢmissionwaslaunchedonOct16byaLongMarch2FcarrierrocketthatblastedofffromtheJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenterinnorthwesternChina’sGobiDesert,withthecrewsoonenteringtheTiangongstation.Besidestheirtasks,theyhavealsodeliveredtwolivelecturesfromthespacestation,showingthestudentstheirlivingandworkingareasattheTianhecoremoduleandseveralscientificexperimentsunderzero-gravityconditionsandansweringreal-timequestionsfromstudents.8．WhatrecorddidthethreeastronautsmakeinChina’shistory?A．TheyhavefinishedovertwentyscientificmissionsB．Theyhavelivedinspaceaboutsixmonths.C．Theywillbringbacksomesamplesfromspace.D．TheyhavemadegreatcontributionstoChina’sspaceexploration.9．Whichofthefollowingabouttheastronautsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Theastronautsgavetwolessonsinspacetothestudentsontheearth.B．Theastronautsadjustedtheirexerciseplansduetobadbodycondition.C．Theastronautsonlyneedtokeepphysicallyhealthybeforereturning.D．Theastronautshavealreadyputallequipmentintherightplace.10．Whichofthefollowinghasthesimilarmeaningtotheunderlinedpartinparagraph7?A．gooff B．boostedoff C．tookoff D．putoff11．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．Successfulreturningfromspace. B．BigrecordmadebyChina’sastronauts.C．GreatcontributionsofChina’sastronauts. D．PreparationsforreturningtheEarth.第二節(jié)：（共5小題,每小題2.5分,共12.5分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoReduceFoodWasteFoodwasteisahugeprobleminmanycountries.Thegoodnews:Eachofuscanhelpsolveit.___12___.Makeaplan___13___,thinkaboutexactlywhatyouneedfortheweek,makealistandthensticktoit.Actually,moreoftenwethrowthingsintheshoppingcartthatsoundgoodorlooknew,andthenweletthemsitinthebackofthefridgeforafewweeks.GetcreativewithrepurposingfoodBeforewalkingstraighttothetrashwithyouroldcarrotsorcabbages,askyourself:

___14___Theanswerisprobablyyes.Youdon’tneedtofollowanydifficultrecipes(totumolderproduceintoafreshnewdishbywatchingvideosonline).___15___Ifyourealizethatyouwon’tbeabletousefoodbeforeit’stoolate,tumtothetrustyfridge.Didyouknowyoucanfreezealmostanything?Yourbread,yourvegetables,yourfruits-evenyourmilk!Freezingfoodhelpskeepitstasteandnutrients(營(yíng)養(yǎng)).Don’tbefooledbythat“sellby”dateGenerallyspeaking,theselabelsareabestguessbyproducersastowhentheirproductswillbefreshest.They’renotfixedrulesaboutwhenthatcheesehastogostraighttothetrashcan.___16___.Thenexttimeyoudoasweepofyourkitchen,rememberthatthesedatesarejustguidelines.Whenindoubt,doasmelltest.Ifitdoesn’tpass,youcanjustburytheminyourgardentomakethesoilrich.A．FreezeeverythingB．Don’tforgetyourfridgeC．BeforeyoushopforgroceriesD．CanImaketheseintosomethingnewE．CanyoucreatesomethingoutofthemF．However,that’sexactlywhatmanyofusdoG．Herearefoursimplewaystostartreducingyourfoodwasteathome第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共三節(jié),滿(mǎn)分45分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分,共15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ScientificdiscoveryispopularlybelievedtoresultfromthesheergeniusofsuchintellectualstarsasnaturalistCharlesDarwinandtheoreticalphysicistAlbertEinstein.Ourviewofsuchuniquecontributionstoscienceoften____17____theperson’spriorexperienceandtheeffortsoftheirlesser-knownpredecessors(前任者).____18____suchgreatsasDarwinandEinstein—whoseremarkablecontributionsaredulycelebrated—wesuggestthatinnovationismoreaprocessoftrialanderror,wheretwostepsforwardmaysometimescomewithonestepback,aswellasoneormorestepstotherightorleft.Thisevolutionaryviewofhumaninnovationweakenstheideaof____19____geniusandrecognizestheaccumulativenatureofscientificprogress.Considerone____20____scientist:JohnNicholson,amathematicalphysicistworkinginthe1910swhoassumedtheexistenceof‘proto-elements’inouterspace.Bycombiningdifferentnumbersofweightsoftheseproto-elements’atoms,Nicholsoncouldrecovertheweightsofalltheelementsinthethen-knownperiodictable.ThesesuccessesareallthemorenoteworthygiventhefactthatNicholsonwas____21____aboutthepresenceofproto-elements:theydonotactuallyexist.Yet,amidhisoftenfancifultheoriesandwildguesses,Nicholsonalso____22____anewtheoryaboutthestructureofatoms.NielsBohr,theNobelprize-winningfatherofmodernatomictheory,____23____thisinterestingideatocomeupwithhisnow-famousmodeloftheatom.Whatarewetomakeofthisstory?Weproposethatscienceisconstantly____24____,muchasspeciesofanimalsdo.Inbiologicalsystems,organismsmaydisplaynewcharacteristicsthat____25____randomgeneticmutations(變異).Inthesameway,randomoraccidentalmutationsofideasmayhelppavethewayfor_____26_____inscience._____27_____mutationsprovebeneficial,theanimalorthescientifictheorywillcontinuetothriveandperhapsreproduce._____28_____forthisevolutionaryviewofbehavioralinnovationcomesfrommanydomains.ConsideroneexampleofaninfluentialinnovationinUShorseracing.Theso-called‘a(chǎn)cey-deucy’stirrup(馬鐙)placement,inwhichtherider’sfootinhisleftstirrupisplacedasmuchas25centimeterslowerthantheright,isbelievedtogiveimportantspeedadvantageswhenturningonegg-shapedtracks.ItwasdevelopedbyarelativelyunknownjockeynamedJackieWestrope.Hadhe_____29_____thespeedadvantagethatwouldbeprovidedbyridingacey-deucy?No.Hesufferedaleginjury,whichlefthimunabletofullybendhisleftknee.His_____30_____justhappenedtocoincidewithenhancedleft-handturningperformance.Plentyofotherstoriesshowthatfreshadvancescanarisefromerror,misadventure,andalsopureserendipity—ahappy_____31_____.Thetimeseemsrightforabandoningthenaivenotionsofintelligentdesignandgenius,andforscientificallyexploringthetrueoriginsofcreativebehavior.17．A．overlooks B．enriches C．questions D．reflects18．A．Aimingat B．Longingfor C．Holdingback D．Settingaside19．A．native B．creative C．subjective D．sensitive20．A．stressed B．unrecognized C．celebrated D．respected21．A．suspicious B．concerned C．wrong D．guilty22．A．tested B．rejected C．a(chǎn)ccepted D．proposed23．A．gotridof B．maderoomfor C．jumpedofffrom D．putupwith24．A．struggling B．reversing C．evolving D．shrinking25．A．resultfrom B．contributeto C．departfrom D．relateto26．A．priorities B．trials C．a(chǎn)dvances D．obstacles27．A．If B．Until C．While D．Unless28．A．Responsibility B．Prejudice C．Dislike D．Support29．A．doubted B．neglected C．foreseen D．exceeded30．A．motivation B．modification C．dedication D．publication31．A．occasion B．life C．a(chǎn)ccident D．ending單句語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿(mǎn)分15分）32．Whenherchildrengotoldenoughtoreadbythemselves,sheboughtmanybooks,mostof______werebothinterestingandrightforthemtounderstand.33．Youmayhavea________(prefer)forEnglishstudybutyoushouldn’toverlookotheractivities,whichcanhelpyougetexperience.34．________(abandon)bythehost,especiallywhenitisdisabledorhasdevelopedsomediseases,isatragedy(悲劇)toapet.35．________contrast,anumberofstudiesinEuropehavehadresultsverydifferentfromtheHarvardresearch.36．Difficultastheproblemwas________(overcome),theykeptonseekingforpossiblesolutionsinsteadofgivinguphope.37．Chineseidiomsmainly______(consist)offourormoreChinesecharactershavebeenappealingtothoseabsorbedinChinese.38．Pilesofgarbagelittermainroadsandpeoplecanbeseen________(spit)whilewalkingonpublicroads.39．Thecollegestudents________(select)toparticipateinthecommunityepidemicpreventionserviceduringtheSpringFestivalareallfromthelocalarea.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)40．_________(publish)theirresearchesinjournals,scientistshavetoworkhardandevenwithoutfinancialreward.41．McGregormuststayinbedforamonthon__________basisofthemedicalreportshisdoctorhasreceived.根據(jù)提示翻譯句子。（共5小題;每小題3分,滿(mǎn)分15分）42．我外甥剛才背誦了一首他在學(xué)校學(xué)的詩(shī)。（recite）43．用有毒的化學(xué)藥品做實(shí)驗(yàn)的時(shí)候你要格外小心。(experimentwith)44．今天你能幫我個(gè)忙去學(xué)校接薩姆嗎？(favour)45．由于生態(tài)環(huán)境的日益改善，這個(gè)地區(qū)的濕地吸引了越來(lái)越多的鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)來(lái)此過(guò)冬，包括一些珍稀的鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)。(attract)46．我能想到大多數(shù)老師的兩個(gè)共同點(diǎn)：他們致力于教學(xué)，熱愛(ài)學(xué)生。(common)第三部分寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分35分）第一節(jié)（滿(mǎn)分15分）47．假如你是星光中學(xué)的學(xué)生李華，近日你在某雜志上看到一篇介紹中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日的征稿啟事，請(qǐng)結(jié)合下列要點(diǎn)給該雜志社撰文。1．節(jié)日基本信息

2．你慶祝該節(jié)日的一次經(jīng)歷

3．你有何感想注意：(1)以該節(jié)日名作為征稿的標(biāo)題；(2)開(kāi)頭已為你寫(xiě)好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；(3)詞數(shù)：100左右。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)（滿(mǎn)分20分）48．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Eight-year-oldKayzenHuntervisitsWaffleHouseeveryweekendtohavebreakfastwithhisfamily.TheyalwayschoosetositinDevonteGardner’ssection,becausetheygetthebestcarefromtheirfavoritewaiter.ThefamilyinstantlyfeltclosetoGardner,whowouldgreetKayzenwithahigh-fiveeverytimetheyenteredtherestaurant.Kayzenneverneededtosayhisorderagain,becauseGardneralreadyknewitbyheart.Thefamilyreallybelieveshe’sthenicestpersonever,whichiswhytheywereeagertohelphimwhentheylearnedhisstory.Oneday,whilediningattherestaurantwithhisgrandfatherJohnDonofrio,KayzendiscoveredthatbehindGardner’skindnessandwarmthwerealotofpersonalstruggles.Atthetime,Gardneraskedthepairiftheyknewwherehecouldbuyanaffordablecartousetogettowork.Itturnedoutthewaiterhadbeenwalkingalongdistancetoandfromworkeveryday.Heandhisfamily,consistingofawifeandtwoy