2019屆高三上學(xué)期英語(yǔ)第一次月考試卷真題

2019屆高三上學(xué)期英語(yǔ)第一次月考試卷一、閱讀理解1.閱讀理解IncredibleWomenYouDidn’tLearnAboutinHistoryClassHerearethestoriesofwomenyoumaynotknowabout,butdefinitelyshouldMariaSibyllaMerianBorninGermanyin1647,Merianwasfascinatedbyinsects,andshebegancollecting,studying,anddrawingthemwhenshewasasyoungas13.Shewasoneofthefewnaturalistsofhertimetoactuallystudyliveinsects.Itwasthroughherstudyofcaterpillarsthatshediscoveredthetruthabouttheirlifecycles.Herworkprovidedmajorcontributionstothefieldofentomology（昆蟲(chóng)學(xué)）。MurasakiShikibuMurasakiShikibu,aJapanesewoman,waswidelyconsideredtobetheworld’sfirstnovelist.ShewasanoblewomanlivinginJapanaroundtheyear1000AD.Shewroteatwo-partnovelcalledTheTaleofGenji,whichtellsariches-to-ragsstoryaboutthesonofaJapaneseemperorforcedtoliveasacommonman.TheTaleofGenjiiswidelyconsideredtobeamasterpieceofJapaneseliterature.AdaLovelaceAdawasworkingtodesignearlycomputingmachinesthatshehopedwouldbeabletoquicklysolvemathproblems.Inadditiontodesigningthisearlycomputerprogram,shealsowasfirsttosuggestthatthesecomputersmightbeabletodomorethan,well,calculate.Sheimaginedthemdoingeverything,fromproducingimagestocomposingmusic.LucyStoneBornin1818,Stonemarriedafellowactivistandchangedhername,butdecidedtochangeitbackayearlater.Sheheldthebeliefthat“awifeshouldnomoretakeherhusband’snamethanhers.”ShebecamethefirstAmericanmarriedwomantokeephermaidennameforherentirelife.StonewasalsooneofthefoundingmembersoftheAmericanEqualRightsAssociationandfoughtfortheendingofslavery.（1）WhatcanreaderslearnaboutfromTheTaleofGenji?A.AncientJapaneseculture.B.Developmentofcomputer.C.Researchonlivingthings.D.ModernlifeofJapanesewomen.（2）WhatdoMariaSibyllaMerianandAdaLovelacehaveincommon?A.Theywerepioneersincomputer.B.Theydevotedthemselvestoscience.C.Theycreatedmasterpiecesofliterature.D.TheymadeprogressinstudyingInsects.（3）Whichofthefollowingwomenfoughtforhumanrights?A.LucyStoneB.AdaLovelaceC.MurasakiShikibuD.MariaSibyllaMerlan2.閱讀理解Ihaveaneighborwhoisacapable,fashionable,seventy-year-old,singlewoman.HernameisGrace.Gracewaslaidofffromherjobalittleovertwoyearsagoandhasbeenlivingoffhersavingseversincebutnotofficially“retired”.GracecalledmeuponedayaboutthistimelastyearandaskedifIhadaladder.Sheneededtocleanoutherguttersontheroofandwantedmetoholdtheladder.Shedidn’twantmetoclimbupandcleanthegutters.Shejustwantedmetoholdtheladder.AsithappenedIdidhavealadder.Isaid:“Theleavesaregoingtofalloffthetreesinamonth,whydon’twewaittilltheyfinishanddoitthen?”Sheagreedandnaturallywedidn’ttalkaboutitagainuntilspring.SpringinTennesseeiswildandwetalkedaboutitoverthecourseofthreeweeksinwhichitrainednearlyeveryday,thenIgotbusyandGracewentintoseclusion.Acoupleofweeksago,shetoldmeshe’dbeenspendingtoomuchmoneyanddecidedtoapplyforabartendingjobatalocalhotel.“NowIdon’tknowaboutyouallbutI’dneverconsideredwhatitwouldbeliketoapplyforandbeginanewjobattheageofseventy.I’mfifty-threeandtheolderIget,themoreIthinkabouthowgreatit’llbeifIcanjustgetoutofbedwhenI’mseventy.”Anyway,shegotthejob,servingthebarandtendingbanquetsatthehotel.Thedaywhensheleftforhertrainingat6am,Iwalkedacrossthestreetwithmyladderandcleanedouthergutters.（1）WhatdidGracewanttheauthortodo?A.Makealadder.B.Retirecompletely.C.Lendheraladder.D.Givehersuggestions.（2）WhendidtheauthoradviseGracetocleanhergutters?A.Inearlyspring.B.Inrainyseason.C.Intimeofleavesfalling.D.Intimeoffewleavesontrees.（3）Whatwastheauthor’sneighbordoingwhentheauthorwrotethetext?A.Workingatahotel.B.Trainingforherjob.C.Cleaningoutherhouse.D.Walkingwiththeauthor.（4）Whatdidtheauthorthinkofherneighbor’sre-employment?A.Valuable.B.Impossible.C.Reasonable.D.Unbelievable.閱讀理解AngadRekhi,agraduatestudentandanassistantprofessorofelectricalengineering,hasdevelopedawake-upreceiver.Thiswake-upreceiverhasmanypotentialapplications,particularlyindesigningthenextgenerationofnetworkeddevices,includingsocalled“smart”devicesthatcancommunicatedirectlywithoneanotherwithouthumanintervention.Onceattachedtoadevice,awake-upreceiverlistensforauniqueultrasonic（超聲波）patternthattellsitwhentoturnthedeviceon.Itneedsonlyaverysmallamountofpowertomaintainthisconstantlistening,soitstillsavesenergyoverallwhileextendingthebatterylifeofthelargerdevice.Awell-designedwake-upreceiveralsoallowsthedevicetobeturnedonfromasignificantdistance.Giventheincreasedinterestinnetworkeddevices,researchersandindustryorganizationsarestartingtodefinewhatfeaturesandtechniqueswillbecomestandard.Regardlessofwhetherthisultrasoundwake-upreceiverisamongthesestandarddesigns,itislikelywake-upreceiversofsomekindwillbecombinedintocommercialapplicationssoon.Bycomparison,theultrasoundwake-upreceiverrequiresabatterybuthasmuchgreaterrangethanthewirelesslypowereddevices,whilestillmaintainingalonglifetimeduetoextremelylowpowerdraw.Thesetwotechnologies-wirelesspowerandwake-upreceivers-wouldlikelyservedifferentpurposesbutbothindicateataturningpointindevicesthatmakeuptheInternetofThings.“Inlightofalong-promisedfuturewhereinterconnected,autonomous,widespreadandunremarkabletechnologiesmakelifeeasier,thenetworkeddevicesavailablenow,likevideodoorbellsandapp-enabledlights,seemlikeratherslightadvances.”theresearcherssaid.TheybelievetechnologiesliketheirscouldhelpcrossthegapbetweentheInternetofThingsasweknowitandtheInternetofThingsatitsbest-whateverthatmaybe.（1）Whichofthefollowingisanadvantageofthewake-upreceiver?A.Itrequiresnosignal.B.Itisverypowersaving.C.Itcanmakethebatterylarger.D.Itmustbefixedtoanotherdevice.（2）Whatdoweknowaboutbycomparingthewirelesspowerwithwake-upreceivers?A.Onecanreplacetheother.B.Thewake-upreceiverisbetter.C.Bothhavetheirownadvantages.D.Thewirelesslypowereddevicehasmoreuses.（3）Whatdotheresearchersfeelabouttheirtechnologiesmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.TheymaketheInternetcheaper.B.TheymaketheInternetmorepopular.C.TheyarenotusefuldevicesfortheInternet.D.TheyarebeneficialtotheuseoftheInternet.（4）Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WideUseofAdvancedEquipmentB.DevelopmentoftheInternetDevicesC.NewTechniqueforWakingUpDevicesD.DifferencebetweenTwoWake-upReceives閱讀理解TheShiants,remote,cliff-edgedislandsoffthecoastofScotlandarehometo350,000seabirds.ThisisthestartingpointforNationalGeographiccontributorAdamNicolson’snewbook,TheSeabirdsCry.Celebrating10speciesindetail,hedescribestheunbelievablerecoveryofseabirdsandthemanyadaptationsthathaveenabledthemtosurviveandnavigatetheoceans,whilesoundingaloudcallfortheirconservationamongseverelyfallingnumbers.SpeakingfromhishomeinSussex,England,Nicolsonexplainswhyguillemotcoloniesareinformationexchangecenters:hownewresearchisshowingthatthoselong-distancetravelers.Theshearwaters,“smell”theirwayacrosstheglobe;andwhatwecandotosupportseabirdpopulations.NationalGeographichasjustkickedoffYearoftheBirdwithacoverstorybyJonathanFranzentitled“WhyBirdsMatter“.ThebeginningofYearoftheBirdisbeneficialtobirds.Nicolsonsaid,“I’llaskyouthesamequestion-why?Forme,theseseabirdsaresymbolsofuniqueness.Thereissomuchonthelandwheretherestofthelivingworldseemstobecontrolledbyus,butwhenyougotoseabirdcolonies,thereisthispumping,loudandraginguniqueness.It’saglanceoftheuntouchedworld.““Thereasonwhyit’suntouchedisthat,untilrecently,wehavenotcontrolledtheoceansthattheseabirdsdependon.Moreofthemhavesurvivedingreaternumbersthanmostothercreaturesinthedevelopedworld,wherehugeamountsoftheanimalkingdomhavebeenremovedbyus.Andsoonereasonthesebirdsmatteristhattheyaresymbolsofwhattheworldmightbeifwehadn’tdonesomuchdamagetoit.“Headded.“Seabirdsalsotendtodisappear;they’renotreliablyofourworld,duetotheirmigrationandhabitsoflife.Verydeepinourconsciousnessisasensethattheyareambassadorsfromanotherworld.Andwitnessingandfeelingthatis,Ithink,oneofthegreatenlargersoflife.”Nicolsonexplained.（1）WhatisthebookTheSeabirdsCrymainlyabout?A.Seabirdsonanisland.B.Theextinctionofseabirds.C.Theimportanceofseabird.D.Seabirdsintheauthor’shometown.（2）WhatcanwelearnfromNicolson’sspeech?A.Thewisdomofseabirds.B.Waystoprotectseabird.C.Migrationroutesofseabirds.D.Thehardersituationofseabirds.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“kickedoff”inparagraph3mean?A.WatchedoutforB.CutacrossC.ExpressedD.Started（4）WhichisaluckythingforseabirdsinNicolson’sview?A.Theseaistoolargetobepolluted.B.Theseaisn’tentirelygovernedbyhumans.C.Theseabirdsareabletofittheenvironment.D.Theseabirdsarelivinginthedevelopedworld.二、任務(wù)型閱讀根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Inaworldsurroundedbybadnews,itmayfeellikeanunhappyplacesometimes. Ifyoumakeevenonepersonsmiletoday,youcanhelpmakethisworldabetterplace.Hereislistofideastohelpyou. InthisdayandagewhereeverythingissentviatheInternet,it’sashocktoreceivealetterthroughthepost.Puttingpentopaperandwritingafewwordstoafriendcanbeaneasywaytomakeapositiveimpact.Requiringsometimeandresearchtofindtheperfectproject,volunteeringisoneofthenicestthingsyoucando.Whetheryouvolunteeratyourlocalyouthgrouportakedogsfromsheltersforawalk,thesimplefactthatyouaregivingupyourtimetohelpsomeoneelseisincredible.Therearesomanyopportunities. Tellsomeone“Iloveyou”.Itcanbeanyone. Perhapsyoucantellafriendthatyouappreciatealltheyaretoyou,orremindyourmumthatit’sherbirthday.Sometimes,inourbusylivesweforgettotakeamomenttotellpeoplewhattheymeantous. Whetheryou’recreativeornot,takingtimetomakesomethingforsomeoneelseshowshowmuchyouappreciatethem.Evenifyouthinkyou’renotcreative,therecipientwillfeelluckytogetsuchauniquegiftthatyouputyourprecioustimeinto.Someideascouldincludeacard,painting,drawing,song,poemorcake!However,youcanmakeadifference.It’sasurprisetosendahandwrittenletter.Andyoudon’tevenhavetosay“Iloveyou”.Soyouaresuretofindonethatisrightforyou.Anditdoesn’tnecessarilyhavetotakeupallyourlife.Makingsomethingforaspecialpersonisalwaysunique.Evenapostcardwithacoupleofsentencescouldreallymakesomeone’sday.三、完形填空.閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Ishoppedtoday.WhileIwas1atthegrocerystore,awomanfollowedbehindme.Shewasstandingbyoneofthoseshoppingcartswiththe2infront.Thebasketheldjustafew3:someapples,corn,aloafofbread,somecannedgoods,andabunchofbeautifulcoralcoloredroses.SeveraltimesI4herlookingatthoselovelyrosesand5.Itoldherthattheywere,indeed,verylovelyroses.Shesaid,“Ireallydolovethem,andthey’remy6color.”Well,justasIwas7,Iheardhersaytothe8,“Youcanputthoserosesback.Ireallycouldn’t9them.”Iturnedaroundandaskedherifshewouldallowmetogetthemforher.She10herheadandsaid,“Whywouldyouwanttodothat?You11don’thaveto.”IrepliedthatIjustwantedtoespeciallysinceshe12themsomuch.ShestillseemedhesitantsoItoldherthatshewouldbedoingmeagreatkindnessifshewould13metogiftthemtoher.Withtearsinhereyes,she14andsaid,“Ireallydolovethem.Thankyou.”O(jiān)nthewayhomeIwasremindedofa15IhadhearddecadesagoandI’velovediteversince.ThesongisBreadandRoses.It’sa16songonmanylevelsandremindsusthatweallneedfood,butweallalsoneed17.Alinefromthissongfitsthis18perfectly,Ithought.Itreads:“19starveaswellasbodies.Giveus20,butgiveusroses,too.”（1）A.calmingdownB.checkingoutC.packingupD.hangingaround（2）A.goodsB.bagC.customersD.basket（3）A.rosesB.cakesC.itemsD.drinks（4）A.caughtB.suggestC.hadD.sensed（5）A.sufferingB.smilingC.hesitatingD.bargaining（6）A.favoriteB.suitableC.attractiveD.similar（7）A.enteringB.leavingC.respondingD.wandering（8）A.companionB.mangerC.cashierD.stranger（9）A.dropB.enjoyC.storeD.afford（10）A.shookB.turnedC.noddedD.moved（11）A.probablyB.sincerelyC.certainlyD.finally（12）A.neededB.consideredC.studiedD.loved（13）A.askB.inviteC.forceD.allow（14）A.cheeredB.agreedC.refuseD.insisted（15）A.songB.playC.bookD.film（16）A.noisyB.beautifulC.funnyD.new（17）A.peaceB.powerC.beautyD.medicine（18）A.situationB.positionC.styleD.standard（19）A.BodiesB.BrainsC.EyesD.Hearts（20）A.moneyB.timeC.breadD.chance四、語(yǔ)法填空.閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Goaheadandgrabthatcupofcoffee,ortwo,ormore.Doingsomayimproveyourhealthandhelpyoulivelonger,suggestsanewresearchinanewobservationalstudyinvolvingcloseto20,000individuals,people consumedatleastfourcupsofcoffeedailyhada64%lowerriskofearlydeath tothosewhoneverrarelyconsumedcoffee.Thereductioninriskwasmoresignificantoncepeoplereached ageof45,suggestingthatitmaybeeven toconsumecoffeeaswegetolder.Thesefindingssupporttherecentresultsofanotherlargeobservationalstudy,whichfoundthat