2022年教師資格之中學(xué)英語(yǔ)學(xué)科知識(shí)與教學(xué)能力強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練試卷B卷附答案

2022年教師資格之中學(xué)英語(yǔ)學(xué)科知識(shí)與教學(xué)能力強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練試卷B卷附答案單選題（共50題）1、WhichofthefollowingisthefeaturesharedbytheEnglishphonemes/m/and/p/A.VoicedB.VoicelessC.BilabialD.Dental【答案】C2、Ithinktheboss，ratherthantheworkers，_______toblameforthefirethatcausedsomanydeaths．A.areB.wereC.wasD.tobe【答案】C3、Intermsofmannerofarticulation,thesounds[p],[b],[t],[d],[k],[g]are__________.A.affricatesB.fricativesC.bilabialD.oralstops【答案】D4、Theword"offend"originallymeant"tostrikeagainst",butnowthewordsignifies"tocreateorexciteanger".Thisisanexampleof__________.A.meaningshiftB.broadeningofmeaningC.narrowingofmeaningD.lossofmeaning【答案】B5、Whenshouldtheteacherissuetheinstruction?A.AssoonasclassbeginsB.Whenstudents’attentionisdirectedtotheteacherC.WhenclassissilentD.Whenclassisgoingtobeover【答案】B6、請(qǐng)閱讀Passage2，完成小題:A.ItevolvesfromcommonsenseB.ItissecondarytointelligenceC.ItshouldbepursuedD.Itignorespower【答案】C7、Y:Didyouknowthatyouwerewearingoddsocks?A.qualityB.quantityC.relationD.manner【答案】C8、Thecorrectmeaningofalexicaliteminagivencontextis__________.A.theoneprovidedinadictionaryB.theonewhichbestfitsthecontextC.thecentralorcoremeaningoftheitemD.theonewhichisassumedtobecorrect【答案】B9、ClassificationsofvowelsaremadeupofthefollowingsEXCEPT__________.A.the.positionofthetongueB.theopennessofthemouthC.theshapeofthelipD.thewidthofthevowels【答案】D10、IwasawfullytiredwhenIgothomefromwork,butahalfhournap______me.A.reviveDB.releaseDC.relieveDD.recovereD【答案】A11、Backintheolddays,whenIwasachild,wesataroundthefamilyroundtableatdinnertimeandexchangedourdailyexperiences.Itwasn'tveryorganized,buteveryonewasrecognizedandallthenewsthathadtobetoldwastoldbyeachfamilymember.A.ParentalnoninterventionwillnotbepraisedB.NoninterventionmaybeagoodpolicyininternationalaffairsC.ParentsmustexercisesomecontrolandshowsomeconcernabouttheculturalinfluenceonthechildrenD.Parentsneedtointervene【答案】C12、Ingrammarpractice,substitutionand__________drillsaremostfrequentlyusedin?mechanicalpractice.A.meaningB.matchingC.correctionD.transformation【答案】D13、“Museum”isaslipperyword.Itfirstmeant(inGreek)anythingconsecratedtotheMuses:ahill,ashrine,agarden,aA.CollectionandcollectorsB.TheevolutionofmuseumsC.ModernmuseumsandtheirfunctionsD.Thebirthofmuseums【答案】B14、Whichofthefollowinginvolvesprogressiveassimilationinconnectedspeech?A.BagsB.lssueC.OnecupD.Onecup【答案】A15、請(qǐng)閱讀Passage2，完成第小題。A.MostAmericanstudentscheatinexamsbeforetheyenteruniversitiesB.MostAmericanstudentsenteringtheuniversitiesadmittheyhavecheatedC.HalfofstudentsenteringtheuniversitiesadmittocheatingontheirhomeworkD.ThereisacademicdishonestyamongstudentsenteringtheUSUniversity【答案】D16、Theyhavelaunchedagreat__________topushthegovernmenttosentencethearrestedterroriststodeathsincethelastterroristattack.A.campaignB.revolutionC.competitionD.advertisement【答案】A17、40yearsagotheideaofdisabledpeopledoingsportwasneverheardof.ButwhentheannualgamesforthedisabledwerestartedatStokeMandeville,Englandin1948bySirLudwigGuttmann,thesituationbegantochange.A.peoplewhosupportthegamesB.peoplewhowatchthegamesC.peoplewhoorganizethegamesD.peoplewhocompeteinthegames【答案】D18、Thesynonymouspair"_________"differindegreeofformality.A.passawayandpopoffB.accuseandchargeC.poisonandjailD.tapandfaucet【答案】A19、Therearetwokindsofmotiveforengaginginanyactivity:internalandinstrumental.Ifascientistconductsresearchbecauseshewantstodiscoverimportantfactsabouttheworld,that'saninternalmotive,sincediscoveringfactsisinherentlyrelatedtotheactivityofresearch.Ifsheconductsresearchbecauseshewantstoachievescholarlyrenown,that'saninstrumentalmotive,sincetherelationbetweenfameandresearchisnotsoinherent.Often,peoplehavebothfordoingthings.Whatmixofmotives--internalorinstrumentalorboth--ismostconducivetosuccess?Youmightsupposethatascientistmotivatedbyadesiretodiscoverfactsandbyadesiretoachieverenownwilldobetterworkthanascientistmotivatedbyjustoneofthosedesires.Surelytwomotivesarebetterthanone.ButasweandourcolleaguesargueinapapernewlypublishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,instrumentalmotivesarenotalwaysanassetandcanactuallybecounterproductivetosuccess.Weanalyzeddatadrawnfrom11320cadetsinnineenteringclassesattheUnitedStatesMilitaryAcademyatWestPoint,allofwhomratedhowmucheachofasetofmotivesinfluencedtheirdecisiontoattendtheacademy.ThemotivesincludedthingslikeadesiretogetagoodjoblaterinlifeandadesiretobetrainedasaleaderintheUnitedStatesArmyA.StronginternalandstronginstrumentalmotivesB.StronginternalandweakinstrumentalmotivesC.WeakinternalandstronginstrumentalmotivesD.Weakinternalandweakinstrumentalmotives【答案】B20、Ifyouthinktheyare__________,you′retotallywrong.Theyquarrelednowandthen.A.onthewayB.ontheairC.onallsidesD.ongoodterms【答案】D21、Crash.Shatter.Boom.Crash.Shatter.Boom.Smatteringofsillydialogue.Prettygirlscreams:A.UnconsciousnessB.FascinationC.ScareD.Confusion【答案】B22、Theweatherwas__________coldthatIdidn'tliketoleavemyroom.A.reallyB.suchC.tooD.so【答案】D23、Passage1A.Thegirlcan'tunderstandthemovieshewasseeingB.ThegirlfeltscaredaboutthemovieshewasseeingC.ThemoviethegirlseeingwasverythrillingD.Thegirlcouldn'tfindherfather【答案】C24、WhatistheteacherdoingintermsoferrorcorrectionA.DirectcorrectionB.IndirectcorrectionC.Self-correctionD.Peercorrection【答案】B25、Passage1A.adrugaddictB.acompulsiveworkerC.analcoholic(drinkstoomuchalcohol)D.acompetitiveworker【答案】B26、“Theageofmelancholy"ishowpsychologistDanielGolemandescribesourage.Peopletodayexperiencemoredepressionthanpreviousgenerations,despitethetechnologicalwondersthathelpuseveryday.Itmightbebecauseofthem.A.Technologywilltakeawaypeoples'jobsB.People'shappinesswillbegreatlyjeopardizedC.Technologyisdevelopingatabreath-takingspeedD.Peoplewillbeindifferenttotechnologicalwonders【答案】B27、whenateacherasksstudentstorearrangeasetofsentencesintoalogicalparagraph,he/sheistryingtodrawtheirattentionto_________.A.grammarB.vocabularyC.sentencepatternsD.textualcoherence【答案】D28、請(qǐng)閱讀短文，完成此題。A.arecheaperB.aremoresuitedtosmallsizesC.aremoreexcitingtolookatD.donotbreakeasily【答案】D29、InEnglish,theaspirated[ph]andtheunaspirated[p]are__________.A.minimalpairsB.inphonemiccontrastC.twodistinctivephonemesD.incomplementarydistribution【答案】D30、請(qǐng)閱讀Passagel，完成第小題。A.GenesB.EatinghabitsC.EnvironmentD.Medicalcondition【答案】A31、You'dbettermakeamark__________youhaveanyquestionswhileyouarereadingthepassage.A.atwhichB.inwhereC.intheplaceD.where【答案】D32、Whenselectinglisteningmaterials，atextspokenat_________ispreferred．A.normalspeedB.slowerthannormalspeedC.slowspeedD.fastspeed【答案】A33、Passage2A.canbemodifiedintheircoursesB.aresusceptibletoemotionalchangesC.reflectourinnermostdesiresandfearsD.arearandomoutcomeofneuralrepairs【答案】A34、Duringclass,theteacherdrawsaflowchartontheblackboardtoshowthestructureanditsinnerconnectionofapassage.Whatclassdoyouthinkisitmostpossiblebe?A.WordclassB.ReadingandspeakingclassC.GrammarclassD.Phoneticsclass【答案】B35、請(qǐng)閱讀短文，完成此題。A."Dubbedcookies"cansensemotionandtemperatureofthingsorpeopleB."Dubbedcookies"canbeputonthingsandpeopleC."Dubbedcookies"areasetofsmallertrackingdevicesD."Dubbedcookies"canhelp"mother"collectdataandunittalkswirelessly【答案】D36、Ifyouhavegotkids,hereisanastytruth:theyareprobablynotveryspecial,thatis,theyareaverage,ordinary,andunremarkable.ConsiderthenumbersofthoseapplicationsyourdaughterissendingtoIvyLeagueschools,forinstance.Therearemorethanaquarterofamillionotherkidsaimingforthesameeightcollegesatthesametime,andlessthan9%ofthemwillmakethecut.AndthosehoursyouspendcoachingLittleLeaguebecauseyoujustknowyourson'ssweetswingwilltakehimtotheprofessionals.Thereare2.4millionotherLittleLeaguersoutthere,andthereareexactly750openingsformajorleagueballplayersatthebeginningofeachseason.Thatgiveshima0.0313%chanceofreachingthebigclubs.Theoddsarejustaslongfortheotherdreamsyou'vehadforyourkids:yourchildthebillionaire,theBroadwaystar,theRhodesscholar.Mostofthosethingsarenevergoingtohappen.Thekidsarepayingthepriceforparents'delusions.Inpublicschools,somestudentsarebringinghome17.5hoursofhomeworkperweekor3.5perschoolnightandit'shardtoseehowtheyhavetimetodoit.From2004to2014,thenumberofchildrenparticipatinginuptothreehoursofaider-schoolactivitiesonanygivendayrosefrom6.5millionto10.2million.Andallthewhile,thekidsarebeingfedapromise--thattheycanbetutoredandcoached,pushedandtested,hot-housedandadvanceplaceduntilsuccessisassured.Atlast,agrowingchorusofeducatorsandpsychologistsissaying,"Enough!"Somewherebetweentheself-esteembuildingofgoingforthegoldandtheself-esteemcrushingoftheIvy-or-dieethostherehastobeaplacewherekidscanbreathe,wheretheycanhavethefreedomtodowhattheyloveandwhereparentsaccustomedtopushingtheirchildrentoexcelcanshakeoffthenewlydefinedshameofhavingraisedanordinarychild.A.Theyshouldbetheirkids'companionsontheirjourneytoacademicexcellenceB.TheyshouldrealizethefactthatmostchildrenwouldremainmediocredespitetheirwillsC.Theyshouldfeelrelievediftheydon'thavetopayfortheirkid'soff-schoolartlessonsD.Theyshouldbetheirkids'careerdirectorratherthanhelpthemfindarightpathtowalkon【答案】B37、WhichofthefollowingisNOTasuitablepre-readingactivity?A.PredictingthecontentB.DiscussingarelevantpictureC.AssociatingvocabularywiththetopicD.Selectingtitlesforthereadingmaterial【答案】D38、（）thesamemistakesintheannualfinancialreportagainmadehisbossveryangry.A.HishavingmadeB.HehavingmadeC.HehadmadeD.Hehasmade【答案】A39、請(qǐng)閱讀短文，完成此題。A.BaograduatedfromBeijingFilmAcademywithadegreeinliteratureB.ThemovieLoveIsNotBlindbringshermuchfameandpopularityC.ThemovieLoveIsNotBlindisadaptedbyherownexperienceD.ShereallyenjoysadaptingwritingsintoafilmandaTVseries【答案】C40、請(qǐng)閱讀Passagel。完成第21—25小題。A.positiveB.subjectiveC.negativeD.objective【答案】D41、Wemustimprovethefarmingmethod（）wemaygethighyields.A.incaseB.inorderthatC.nowthatD.evenif【答案】B42、Thereare＿consonantclusters輔音連綴inthesentence“Brian,Iappreciatebeautifulscarfyoubroughtme.”A.twoB.threeC.fourD.five【答案】D43、Thesenserelationofthefollowingpairofsentences(seeXandY)is__________.X.Mar)"hasbeentoJapan.Y.MaryhasbeentoAsia,A.XentailsYB.XpresupposesYC.XisinconsistentwithYD.XissynonymouswithY【答案】A44、Onhearingtheutterance"It′shothere",thelisteneropenedthedoor.Itisa(n)__________.A.locutionaryactB.illocutionaryactC.directspeechactD.perlocutionaryact【答案】D45、Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“plummeted”inParagraph3?A.PunishedtimelyB.SpreadwidelyC.ContinuedgraduallyD.Droppedsharply【答案】D46、-A:Let'sgotothemovietonight.?A.illocutionaryactB.perlocutionaryactC.propositionalconditionD.sinceritycondition【答案】A47、Shewasnot______impressedbythestoryPaulsharedwithher,forshehadalreadyheardofit.A.intheleastB.atthemostC.leastofallD.forthemost【答案】A48、Liberia，theoldestindependentNegrostateinWestAfrica，hasbeenstrugglingforsurvivaleversinceitsfoundationin1822．ProgresshasbeenhamperedbyconstanthostilitybetweentheAmericanA.1822B.1910C.1920D.1920s【答案】B49、Passage1A.IthelpstheadoptedkidsformacorrectattitudetotheircomplexheritageB.IthelpstheChinesechildrenhavefunwiththeirAmericanparentsC.IthelpstheAmericansincreasetheadoptionfromRussiaandChinaD.IthelpstheAmericanparentsadoptchildrenfromothercountries【答案】B50、Assessmentisviewedasanintegralpartoftheteaching-learningprocess.Itinvolvescollectingevidenceoflearningoveraperiodoftime,usingavarietyofassessmentmethods.Thegoalsofassessmentaretoprovide_____onboththeon-goingprogressandtheend-productinachievingthestandards.A.situationsB.tasksC.feedbackD.knowledge【答案】C大題（共10題）一、下面是某教師在一堂針對(duì)高一年級(jí)學(xué)生聽(tīng)力課的聽(tīng)力材料及某一個(gè)教學(xué)步驟的記錄。聽(tīng)力材料：一篇關(guān)于世界石油爭(zhēng)端問(wèn)題的新聞Teacher：NowlistentothetapecarefullyandanswerthequestionsonPPT．Teacher：OK．Whocananswerthequestions(個(gè)別學(xué)生對(duì)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了回答，但是都沒(méi)有回答對(duì))Teacher：NoonecananswerOK．Let’slistenagain．Teacher：OK．Now，cananyoneanswerthequestions(再聽(tīng)一遍之后依然沒(méi)有學(xué)生回答正確)Teacher：Now，lookatthescriptofthelisteningmaterialandanswerthequestions．根據(jù)上面所給的信息．從下列三個(gè)方面作答：(1)請(qǐng)問(wèn)所描述的教學(xué)情境屬于聽(tīng)力教學(xué)的哪一個(gè)教學(xué)步驟此步驟的教學(xué)目的是什么(2)為什么沒(méi)有學(xué)生能夠正確回答關(guān)于聽(tīng)力材料的問(wèn)題請(qǐng)分析其可能原因。這位老師的教學(xué)步驟存在什么問(wèn)題(3)請(qǐng)根據(jù)存在的問(wèn)題提出相應(yīng)的建議?！敬鸢浮?1)此教學(xué)情境屬于聽(tīng)力教學(xué)的聽(tīng)中(while-listening)部分。此教學(xué)步驟的目的是通過(guò)各種聽(tīng)力練習(xí)活動(dòng)，達(dá)到理解信息和訓(xùn)練技能的目的。(2)原因：本課程的授課對(duì)象為高一年級(jí)學(xué)生，但是老師所提供的語(yǔ)言材料是討論石油爭(zhēng)端問(wèn)題的新聞，所以可以判斷．學(xué)生不能正確回答問(wèn)題主要是因?yàn)槁?tīng)力材料的難度高于學(xué)生應(yīng)有的聽(tīng)力水平。除此原因外，也可能是問(wèn)題的設(shè)置較難，超出了學(xué)生的認(rèn)知能力和語(yǔ)言水平。也可能是因?yàn)閷W(xué)生對(duì)此話(huà)題并不感興趣，而且聽(tīng)力理解的練習(xí)活動(dòng)是問(wèn)答式．較為傳統(tǒng)，所以學(xué)生參與度和熱情度并不高。存在問(wèn)題：①聽(tīng)力材料難度高，不符合學(xué)生的聽(tīng)力水平。聽(tīng)力材料話(huà)題較為嚴(yán)肅，不能吸引學(xué)生的興趣。②老師的提問(wèn)沒(méi)有做到面向全體學(xué)生．只是針對(duì)個(gè)別學(xué)生進(jìn)行了提問(wèn)。③在提問(wèn)之后，要對(duì)學(xué)生的回答予以反饋，但是老師并沒(méi)有做出任何評(píng)價(jià)．而是又進(jìn)行了下一個(gè)步驟。④第二次聽(tīng)完之后．雖然依然沒(méi)有學(xué)生能夠正確回答問(wèn)題．但是老師應(yīng)該幫助學(xué)生努力回答問(wèn)題。而不是放棄聽(tīng)的活動(dòng)，直接看聽(tīng)力文本。這樣并沒(méi)有達(dá)到此堂課訓(xùn)練聽(tīng)力理解能力的目的。(3)建議：①選取適合學(xué)生聽(tīng)力水平、能夠吸引學(xué)生興趣的聽(tīng)力材料。適當(dāng)調(diào)整聽(tīng)力理解練習(xí)的活動(dòng)，例如可以加上小組競(jìng)賽等方式．也可以將問(wèn)答題改為填表格等較為新穎的練習(xí)活動(dòng)。②在設(shè)計(jì)問(wèn)題時(shí)，首先檢驗(yàn)問(wèn)題的難度是否符合學(xué)生的認(rèn)知能力和語(yǔ)言水平。使用的語(yǔ)言和話(huà)語(yǔ)能夠?yàn)閷W(xué)生理解和接受。同時(shí)，在對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行提問(wèn)時(shí)，要盡可能照顧到大部分學(xué)生，不要只提問(wèn)一些學(xué)生，要給予每個(gè)人機(jī)會(huì)?；蛘呖梢越o學(xué)生分組．可以讓學(xué)生先在小組內(nèi)互相發(fā)言．發(fā)表自己的看法。然后選代表進(jìn)行發(fā)言來(lái)回答問(wèn)題。這樣可以讓每一個(gè)學(xué)生都有機(jī)會(huì)思考及檢驗(yàn)自己的答案。同時(shí)也可以提高學(xué)生的參與度。③在學(xué)生回答問(wèn)題之后，必須給予學(xué)生反饋，并給予一定的鼓勵(lì)．增加學(xué)生的自信心。④在學(xué)生回答之后，首先可以降低問(wèn)題的難度，例如?？梢杂胮araphrase的方式解釋問(wèn)題的內(nèi)容，讓學(xué)生理解問(wèn)題。然后可以針對(duì)每一個(gè)問(wèn)題，給學(xué)生放錄音，讓學(xué)生聽(tīng)相應(yīng)的段落，降低聽(tīng)力的難度。采用分組討論的形式，先討論問(wèn)題的答案．再請(qǐng)小組代表來(lái)回答問(wèn)題．并給予相應(yīng)的反饋。二、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)。用中文作答。下面是某教師在寫(xiě)作課中的教學(xué)實(shí)錄。(1)教師布置任務(wù)。T：Nowyouaregoingtowriteashortpassageaboutyournewteacher．Andyouhavelearnedatextaboutnewteachers，right?Haveyoufoundalotofusefulwordsfromthetext?NowI’llgiveyouafewminutestofindwordsthatyouwillusetodescribeyournewteacher．ThenIwillaskoneofyoutocometowritedownthewordsontheblackboard．(2)學(xué)生A到前面白板上寫(xiě)，其他同學(xué)在下面寫(xiě)。過(guò)程中教師能與個(gè)別學(xué)生交流。(3)學(xué)生A寫(xiě)完后，教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生看學(xué)生A寫(xiě)的單詞。T：Maybeyouhavefoundyourwords．Nowlet’sseeA’swords．Therecanalsobe?phrases，orevensentences．然后教師開(kāi)始與學(xué)生A交流其所寫(xiě)內(nèi)容，如第一個(gè)是firstimpression，問(wèn)學(xué)生是否要用到firstimpression(Doyouusethistodescribeyournewteacher?)(4)邀請(qǐng)更多的學(xué)生說(shuō)出自己找出的單詞，并與學(xué)生就其所給單詞進(jìn)行交流，問(wèn)學(xué)生如何使用所選單詞。(5)最后教師總結(jié)。根據(jù)上面的信息，從下面三個(gè)方面作答：(1)教師在布置任務(wù)階段采用了什么方式讓學(xué)生獲取可用的詞匯?(8分)(2)評(píng)析該教師在布置任務(wù)階段的組織者作用。(10分)【答案】(1)教師在布置任務(wù)階段采用頭腦風(fēng)暴的方式獲取可用的詞匯。(2)頭腦風(fēng)暴活動(dòng)中的主角應(yīng)該是學(xué)生，而不是教師．應(yīng)該給學(xué)生適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)間討論。本活動(dòng)中教師能夠給學(xué)生一定的時(shí)間找出可以用來(lái)描述教師的詞語(yǔ)是可取的，為了反饋的方便，找一名學(xué)生到白板上寫(xiě)也可以提高教學(xué)效率，都是可以借鑒的，符合教學(xué)策略的要求。(3)反饋的方式會(huì)影響學(xué)生的參與。一般來(lái)說(shuō)．反饋的時(shí)間要短，不能用反饋代替活動(dòng)本身。本案例中，教師反饋時(shí)能讓學(xué)生解釋如何使用詞語(yǔ)，這對(duì)寫(xiě)作是有幫助的。點(diǎn)評(píng)完一個(gè)學(xué)生的回答后，請(qǐng)其他同學(xué)補(bǔ)充也是合適的。但是，反饋時(shí)只是與一個(gè)學(xué)生交流，其他學(xué)生沒(méi)有任何任務(wù)，不利于活動(dòng)的開(kāi)展。如果是先帶領(lǐng)學(xué)生歸納總結(jié)詞匯，然后再分析詞語(yǔ)的應(yīng)用，效果會(huì)更好；如果不僅僅是教師自己點(diǎn)評(píng)，而是邀請(qǐng)學(xué)生發(fā)表自己的意見(jiàn)，啟發(fā)學(xué)生的思維，激發(fā)學(xué)生參與的積極性，則能取得更好的效果。三、設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)：請(qǐng)閱讀下面學(xué)生信息和語(yǔ)言素材，設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)25分鐘的聽(tīng)力教學(xué)活動(dòng)。教案沒(méi)有固定格式．但須包含下列要點(diǎn)：teachingobjectivesteachingcontentskeyanddifficultpointsmajorstepsandtimeallocationactivitiesandjustifications教學(xué)時(shí)間：25分鐘學(xué)生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通中學(xué)高中一年級(jí)學(xué)生，班級(jí)人數(shù)40人。多數(shù)學(xué)生已經(jīng)達(dá)到《普通高中英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(實(shí)驗(yàn))》五級(jí)水平。學(xué)生課堂參與積極性一般。語(yǔ)言素材：Whydoearthquakeshappen?Scientistsexplainthattheoutsideoftheearthismadeofanumberofdifferentplates.AtSanFrancisco,thePacificplatewhichismovingtowardsthenorthwestmeetstheNorthAmericanplate.ThePacificplateismovingveryslowly--at5.3centimetersayear.Sometimesthesetwoplatesstopanddonotmoveforyears.Thensuddenly,theyjumpandanearthquakeisfelt.Asaresultofthemovementoftheseplates,Californiahasalwayshadalotofearthquakes.Whenthe1906earthquakehappened,thePacificplatejumped5-6meterstothenorth.Chinaalsohasanunluckyplaceontheearth.ThePacificplateisalsopushingonChinafromtheeastastheplatemoveswest.Likewise,theIndianplateispushingonChinafromthesouthwestasthatplatemovesnortheast.ThesamepowerthatproducedthegreatHimalayanMountainsnowcausesearthquakesinChina.Wecannotstopearthquakes,butwecandothingstomakesuretheydonotdestroywholecities.First,itisnotagoodideatobuildhousesalongthelineswheretwooftheearth'splatesjointogether.Second,ifyouthinktheremaybeanearthquake,itisbettertobuildhousesonrockthanonsand.Third,youmustmakethehousesasstrongaspossible.Weakbuildingswillfalldowninanearthquake,butstrongonesmaystayup.【答案】ClassType:ListeningclassTeachingContents:Thetopicisabouttheearthquakes.TeachingObjectives:(1)KnowledgeobjectivesStudentscanlearnsomeusefulwordsandexpressionsaboutearthquakes.Studentscanknowaboutthebasicknowledgeofearthquakesthelisteningmaterialrefersto.(2)AbilityobjectivesStudentscandeveloptheirabilitytogetspecificinformationandtakenoteswhilelistening.Studentscanimprovetheirspeakingabilitythroughdiscussionandcommunication.(3)EmotionalobjectivesStudentscanlearnmoreaboutbasicknowledgeofearthquakessoastoknowhowtoreducelossesofearthquakesandhowtoprotectoneselfandhelpothersinearthquakes.StudentscanbemoreconfidentinspeakingEnglishinclassandcancooperatewithothersactively,andcompletethetaskstogether.TeachingKeyPoints:Howtodevelopthestudents'listeningability.四、下面是某英語(yǔ)教師在寫(xiě)作課的教學(xué)片段．閱讀并回答問(wèn)題。Tellstudentswewouldwriteanarticleforourfavoritesports,andthetopicisaboutsports.Showstudentsamodelarticleonthescreenandleadthemtofindouttheformatofanarticle:mainheading,smallerheadingandthebody.Runabrainstormingactivity:showsomepicturesaboutthesportsandthefamousathletes.Askstudentsthequestionsasfollows.WhyareyouinterestedinthatsportWhoisyourfavoriteathleteWhatdoyoudotoimproveyourskillsThenIwouldaskthemtohaveadiscussionabouttheabovequestions.Theycanchangetheirideaswiththeirpartnersandfindoutthesimilaritiesanddifferences.Thenchooseoneideatowritewith.Afterthediscussion,Iwouldpicksomestudentstoreporttheirtopicsatthefront.根據(jù)上面的課堂教學(xué)片段回答下面三個(gè)問(wèn)題：(1)該片段屬于什么教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)體現(xiàn)了哪種寫(xiě)作教學(xué)模式(2)請(qǐng)從寫(xiě)作教學(xué)原則的角度，評(píng)價(jià)該教學(xué)片段。(3)該片段中教師的課堂角色有哪些【答案】(1)該片段集中于寫(xiě)作思路的產(chǎn)生和形成，屬于寫(xiě)前環(huán)節(jié)，體現(xiàn)了重過(guò)程的寫(xiě)作教學(xué)模式．主要過(guò)程包括：產(chǎn)生寫(xiě)作動(dòng)機(jī)、頭腦風(fēng)暴、詞匯思路、自由寫(xiě)作、列出大綱、寫(xiě)出草稿、修改、提高、校對(duì)和討論等。?(2)寫(xiě)作教學(xué)需要體現(xiàn)過(guò)程性原則、交際性原則、整體性原則等。?過(guò)程性原則要使寫(xiě)作任務(wù)過(guò)程化，不能只注重結(jié)果，要注重整個(gè)過(guò)程的有效展開(kāi)，包括寫(xiě)作前、寫(xiě)草稿、編輯修改、校讀、公布于眾；交際性原則要將交際性引入寫(xiě)作教學(xué)中，要給學(xué)生交際的機(jī)會(huì)，使其在交際中獲得樂(lè)趣，在寫(xiě)前活動(dòng)和修改活動(dòng)中盡可能采用小組活動(dòng)和同伴活動(dòng)．增加學(xué)生問(wèn)的交流：整體性原則要把寫(xiě)作教學(xué)與聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀有機(jī)結(jié)合起來(lái)。?該教學(xué)片段在寫(xiě)前環(huán)節(jié)先引導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)范文。總結(jié)寫(xiě)作的格式、范文的主題等，再通過(guò)頭腦風(fēng)暴進(jìn)行討論．為學(xué)生進(jìn)行格式、內(nèi)容、話(huà)題、詞句等的輸入，體現(xiàn)了過(guò)程性原則、交際性原則和整體性原則。?(3)在寫(xiě)前環(huán)節(jié)中，教師向?qū)W生明確了寫(xiě)前的活動(dòng)和任務(wù)。使學(xué)生明確知道自己要干什么．體現(xiàn)了教學(xué)活動(dòng)的組織者的角色。教師向?qū)W生布置完討論任務(wù)后．深入其活動(dòng)，了解其進(jìn)程．并選出好的典型進(jìn)行展示．有效地調(diào)控全體學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)積極性、學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)程和學(xué)習(xí)的高效性等，體現(xiàn)了課堂教學(xué)的調(diào)控者的角色。最后。該教學(xué)片段在寫(xiě)前環(huán)節(jié)先引導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)范文。總結(jié)寫(xiě)作的格式、范文的主題等．再通過(guò)頭腦風(fēng)暴進(jìn)行討論．為學(xué)生進(jìn)行格式、內(nèi)容、話(huà)題、詞句等的輸入，為學(xué)生營(yíng)造了學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境，使學(xué)生能夠更有效地學(xué)習(xí)和使用目的語(yǔ)，體現(xiàn)了語(yǔ)言環(huán)境的營(yíng)造者的角色．?五、以下片段選自某節(jié)英語(yǔ)課堂教學(xué)實(shí)錄，閱讀并回答問(wèn)題。T:...Youallhavefinishedthewritingabouthowtoprotectourenvironment,rightOk,now,it′stimetocheckintermsofthegrammar,punctuationpointandspelling.S:(checkingtime)T:Ok,now,whowouldliketoshareyourpapersAnna:...Weshouldn′tthrowrubbisheverywhere...T:Yourideasarealittleshallow,andtheorganizationisalittledisordered.根據(jù)上面的教學(xué)片段回答下面三個(gè)問(wèn)題：(1)該片段呈現(xiàn)的是英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的什么課型它屬于該課型的哪個(gè)階段(2)這節(jié)課的教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)是什么(3)分析該教師在這一階段存在的主要問(wèn)題，并提出相應(yīng)的改進(jìn)建議。【答案】(1)該片段呈現(xiàn)的是英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作課．它屬于寫(xiě)后階段。(2)該節(jié)課的重點(diǎn)是通過(guò)閱讀材料和互相討論，掌握關(guān)鍵信息，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的寫(xiě)作能力；難點(diǎn)是學(xué)生借助關(guān)鍵信息進(jìn)行語(yǔ)言組織．完成寫(xiě)作．培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言組織能力和邏輯思考能力。(3)存在的問(wèn)題及改進(jìn)建議：①教師在學(xué)生完成初稿寫(xiě)作后．應(yīng)組織和指導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行自我修改以及同伴間的相互修改，修改內(nèi)容除了包括語(yǔ)法、標(biāo)點(diǎn)、拼寫(xiě)外，還包括選詞、內(nèi)容、結(jié)構(gòu)等各個(gè)方面。互改在寫(xiě)后環(huán)節(jié)中十分重要，因?yàn)樗闲抡n程所提倡的合作、交流和探究的學(xué)習(xí)方式。然后教師面向全體學(xué)生就典型的遣詞造句錯(cuò)誤、文章結(jié)構(gòu)、思想內(nèi)容等進(jìn)行點(diǎn)評(píng)．再由學(xué)生本人在聽(tīng)取他們意見(jiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)初稿進(jìn)行修訂。②在寫(xiě)后階段教師要給予適當(dāng)評(píng)價(jià)和改進(jìn)意見(jiàn)。給予恰如其分的反饋。對(duì)寫(xiě)作不錯(cuò)的同學(xué)．要給予鼓勵(lì)表?yè)P(yáng)．對(duì)寫(xiě)作欠缺者．要及時(shí)引導(dǎo)．給予建設(shè)性意見(jiàn)。在Anna的作文不夠令人滿(mǎn)意的時(shí)候，教師的評(píng)價(jià)基本是予以否定。這樣會(huì)打擊學(xué)生的自信心和學(xué)習(xí)的積極性，不符合教師評(píng)價(jià)的原則，教師在教學(xué)過(guò)程中應(yīng)堅(jiān)持激勵(lì)性原則，當(dāng)學(xué)生的回答不得體時(shí)，教師應(yīng)該采用鼓勵(lì)、期待的語(yǔ)言來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)，如“Nexttime，pleasepayattentiontoorganizationandtrytoexploremoreidea．”。六、下列教學(xué)片段選自?xún)晌挥⒄Z(yǔ)教師的課堂實(shí)錄。片段一：T:Whatdidyouhaveforbreakfastthismorning？S:Ihaveabottleofmilk,aneggandtwocakes.？T..Oh,youshouldsay"Ihadabottleofmilk..."Readafterme,please.？片段二：T:Whatdidyoudoyesterday？S:Igotoseeafriendofmineyesterday.？T:Oh,yes.Youwenttoseeafriendofyoursyesterday.？請(qǐng)分析并回答下列問(wèn)題：（1）學(xué)生在對(duì)話(huà)中的語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤是哪種錯(cuò)誤？（6分）（2）請(qǐng)就兩位教師的糾錯(cuò)方式進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。（12分）（3）教師還可以采用哪些方式糾錯(cuò)，并舉例說(shuō)明（至少三種糾錯(cuò)方式）。（12分）【答案】（1）學(xué)生犯的語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤是語(yǔ)法中的時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤。（2）片段一中的教師采用了直接糾錯(cuò)的方法。一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)生的錯(cuò)誤立即打斷學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言訓(xùn)練或?qū)嵺`活動(dòng)，對(duì)其錯(cuò)誤予以正面糾正。這種糾錯(cuò)方式常用于旨在讓學(xué)生掌握正確的語(yǔ)言形式而非流利性的練習(xí)中。這種方式可能會(huì)讓學(xué)生感到緊張，不敢大膽、自主地表達(dá)觀(guān)點(diǎn)。片段二中的教師采用了間接糾錯(cuò)的方法。當(dāng)學(xué)生出現(xiàn)語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，教師不是直接予以糾正，而是通過(guò)將正確的語(yǔ)言形式用于教師自己說(shuō)出的句子中，以引起學(xué)生的注意，間接地提醒學(xué)生運(yùn)用正確的語(yǔ)言形式。這樣既糾正了學(xué)生的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，保證學(xué)生順利地進(jìn)行口頭敘述，又保護(hù)了學(xué)生的自尊心。（3）①重述法（Recasts）。教師對(duì)學(xué)生語(yǔ)言表達(dá)中的錯(cuò)誤進(jìn)行含蓄糾正。該方法以學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)為基礎(chǔ)，教師可以對(duì)部分成分進(jìn)行修正，并保持原表達(dá)的意思不變。對(duì)于糾正學(xué)生口語(yǔ)中的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤比較有效。如：S:HeiswatchTV.T:HeiswatchTVLiMingiswatchingafootballgameonTV.S:HeiswatchingTV.T:Right!②強(qiáng)調(diào)法（Pinpointing）。教師重復(fù)學(xué)生的話(huà)，有意重讀并拖長(zhǎng)出錯(cuò)部分的發(fā)音或用升調(diào)以示特別強(qiáng)調(diào)。這種方法常用于學(xué)生的自我糾錯(cuò)。這樣既能糾正學(xué)生的口語(yǔ)錯(cuò)誤，保證學(xué)生順利進(jìn)行口頭敘述，又能顧及學(xué)生的自尊心，有利于提高他們參與口語(yǔ)活動(dòng)的積極性。如：T:WhatdidyoudolastweekendS:Igotoclimbmountainswithmyparents.T:YouGOtoclimbmountainsS:Oh,Iwenttoclimbmountainswithmyparents.③重復(fù)法（Repetition）。教師發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤后，可以要求學(xué)生重新回答，并使用“oncemore．／Pardon”等對(duì)學(xué)生加以引導(dǎo)。如：七、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)。用中文作答。在對(duì)待學(xué)生問(wèn)答時(shí)，教師應(yīng)如何給予評(píng)價(jià)列舉兩種評(píng)價(jià)用語(yǔ)?！敬鸢浮?1)為了使提問(wèn)真正地發(fā)揮應(yīng)有作用，學(xué)生回答后，教師一定要及時(shí)、恰當(dāng)?shù)貙?duì)其答案有所反饋，切忌對(duì)學(xué)生的回答不置可否。學(xué)生需要了解自己的回答究竟是值得稱(chēng)贊還是應(yīng)當(dāng)糾正、有待改正，因此教師的評(píng)價(jià)用語(yǔ)不能一般化、公式化。要把對(duì)學(xué)生活動(dòng)的真實(shí)感受傳給學(xué)生。教師要根據(jù)學(xué)生回答問(wèn)題時(shí)的不同表現(xiàn)，選用不同的評(píng)價(jià)用語(yǔ)，使教師的評(píng)價(jià)成為課堂教學(xué)真實(shí)交際的一部分。(2)評(píng)價(jià)用語(yǔ)：①當(dāng)學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)水平不是很好的時(shí)候．在回答問(wèn)題時(shí)，教師可以用Good／Yes／Right／OK．鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生回答。當(dāng)學(xué)生回答錯(cuò)誤時(shí)。用“Thinkitover．"或給學(xué)生適