考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東電子職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東電子職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Manynewspaperscommentedonthegovernment’s（）measurestobringdownthepriceofwheat,rice,sugar,andotheressentialcommodities.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.feeble

B.limp

C.fragile

D.disabled

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)feeble“無(wú)效的；微弱的；虛弱的”；B選項(xiàng)limp“（性格）軟弱的；柔軟的，無(wú)生氣的”；C選項(xiàng)fragile“脆的；易碎的”；D選項(xiàng)disabled“殘廢的，有缺陷的”。句意：對(duì)于政府壓低小麥、大米、糖和其他必需品價(jià)格的無(wú)效措施，很多報(bào)紙進(jìn)行了評(píng)論。結(jié)合此處語(yǔ)境，可知A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Humanrelationshavecommandedpeople’sattentionfromearlytimes.Thewaysofpeoplehavebeenrecordedininnumerablemyths,folktales,novels,plays,andpopularorphilosophicalessays.Althoughthefullsignificanceofahumanrelationshipmaynotbedirectlyevident,thecomplexityoffeelingsandactionsthatcanbeunderstoodataglanceissurprisinglygreat.Forthisreasonpsychologyholdsauniquepositionamongthesciences.“Intuitive”knowledgemayberemarkablypenetratingandcansignificantlyhelpusunderstandhumanbehavior,whereasinthephysicalsciencessuchcommonsenseknowledgeisrelativelyprimitive.Ifweerasedallknowledgeofscientificphysicsfromourmodemword,notonlywouldwenothavecarsandtelevisionset,wemightevenfindthattheordinarypersonwasunabletocopewiththefundamentalmechanicalproblemsofpulleysandlevers.Ontheotherhandifweremovedallknowledgeofscientificpsychologyfromourworld,problemsininterpersonalrelationsmighteasilybecopedwithandsolvedmuchasbefore.Wewouldstill“know”howtoavoiddoingsomethingaskedofusandhowtogetsomeonetoagreewithus;wewouldstill“know”whensomeonewasangryandwhensomeonewaspleased.Onecouldevenoffersensibleexplanationsforthe“whys"ofmuchoftheself'sbehaviorandfeelings.Inotherwords,theordinarypersonhasagreatandprofoundunderstandingoftheselfandofotherpeoplewhich,thoughunformulatedoronlyvaguelyconceived,enablesonetointeractwithothersinmoreorlessadaptiveways.Kohler,inreferringtothelackofgreatdiscoveriesinpsychologyascomparedwithphysics,accountsforthisbysayingthat“peoplewereacquaintedwithpracticallyallterritoriesofmentallifealongtimebeforethefoundingofscientificpsychology”.

Paradoxically,withallthisnatural,intuitive,commonsensecapacitytograsphuman,relations,thescienceofhumanrelationshasbeenoneofthelasttodevelop.Differentexplanationsofthisparadoxhavebeensuggested.Oneisthatsciencewoulddestroythevainandpleasingillusionspeoplehaveaboutthemselves;butwemightaskwhypeoplehavealwayslovedtoreadpessimistic,debunkingwritings,fromEcclesiastestoFreud.Ithasalsobeenproposedthatjustbecauseweknowsomuchaboutpeopleintuitively,therehasbeenlessincentiveforstudyingthemscientifically;whyshouldonedevelopatheory,carryoutsystematicobservations,ormakepredictionsabouttheobvious?Inanycase,thefieldofhumanrelations,withitsvastliterary,documentationbutmeagerscientifictreatment,isingreatcontrasttothefieldofphysicinwhichtherearerelativelyfewnonscientificbooks.

1.Accordingtothepassage,ithasbeensuggestedthatthescienceofhumanrelationswasslowtodevelopbecause（

）.

2.Whichofthefollowingclaimssupportstheauthor’sstatementthat“Psychologyholdsauniquepositionamongthesciences，’？

3.Accordingtothepassage,anunderstandingoftheselfcanbe

（

）.

4.Theauthorimpliesthatattemptstotreathumanrelationsscientificallyhavethusfarbeenrelatively

（

）.

5.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorassumesthatcommonsenseknowledgeofhumanrelationsis（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.intuitiveknowledgeofhumanrelationsisderivedfromphilosophy

B.earlyscientistsweremoreinterestedinthephysicalworld

C.scientificstudiesofhumanrelationsappeartoinvestigatetheobvious.

D.thescientificmethodisdifficulttoapplytothestudyofhumanrelations

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thefullmeaningofahumanrelationshipmaynotbeobvious.

B.Commonsenseunderstandingofhumanrelationscanbeincisive.

C.Intuitiveknowledgeinthephysicalsciencesinrelativelyadvanced.

D.Subjectivebiasisdifficulttocontrolinpsychologicalresearch.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.highlybiasedduetounconsciousfactors

B.improvedbyspecializedtraining

C.profoundevenwhenvaguelyconceived

D.irrelevantforunderstandinghumanrelations

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.unilluminating

B.paradoxical

C.pessimistic

D.encouraging

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.equallywelldevelopedamongalladultswithinagivensociety

B.biasedinsofarasitisbasedonmythsandfolktales

C.typicallyunrelatedonanindividual’sinteractionswithotherpeople

D.usuallysufficientlyaccuratetofacilitateinteractionswithothers

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。最后一段指出:Paradoxically,withallthisnatural,intuitive,commonsensecapacitytograsphuman,relations,thescienceofhumanrelationshasbeenoneofthelasttodevelop(矛盾的是，人類擁有如此本能來(lái)經(jīng)營(yíng)人際關(guān)系，而有關(guān)人際關(guān)系處理的技巧卻在最后才得到發(fā)展)。接著后面指出:whyshouldonedevelopatheory,carryoutsystematicobservations,ormakepredictionsabouttheobvious?(人們?yōu)楹我獮橐粋€(gè)明白的事實(shí)去系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行觀測(cè)，再建立起一套理論呢？)。故選C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第一段開頭主要介紹了心理學(xué)能在眾科學(xué)中占有獨(dú)特位罝的原因:Althoughthefullsignificanceofahumanrelationshipmaynotbedirectlyevident,thecomplexityoffeelingsandactionsthatcanbeunderstoodataglanceissurprisinglygreat.Forthisreasonpsychologyholdsauniquepositionamongthesciences(雖然人際關(guān)系的全部意義并非一目了然，但是要是能一眼瞥去就能明白那些復(fù)雜感情和動(dòng)作的意思，自然妙不可言。這也是心理學(xué)能在眾科學(xué)中占有獨(dú)特位置的原因)。因此B正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞understandingoftheself定位至第一段:Inotherwords,theordinarypersonhasagreatandprofoundunderstandingoftheselfandofotherpeoplewhich,thoughunfonnulatedoronlyvaguelyconceived...(換句話說，人們對(duì)于自身和他人其實(shí)有一個(gè)很深刻和全面的了解，即使只是在模糊的意識(shí)層面……)。因此選C“雖然只是在模糊的意識(shí)層面，但是是深刻的”。

4.判斷推理題。最后一段:whyshouldonedevelopatheory,carryoutsystematicobservations,ormakepredictionsabouttheobvious?(人們?yōu)楹我獮橐粋€(gè)明白的事實(shí)去系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行觀測(cè)，再建立起一套理論呢？),因此推斷A項(xiàng)“無(wú)啟發(fā)性的”正確。

5.判斷推理題。第一段指出:Ontheotherhandifweremovedallknowledgeofscientificpsychologyfromourworld,problemsininterpersonalrelationsmighteasilybecopedwithandsolvedmuchasbefore(反過來(lái)講，假設(shè)我們將全部的心理學(xué)科學(xué)知識(shí)移除我們的世界，可能人際關(guān)系上的問題依然能夠很順利地得到解決)。因此可知,人們對(duì)于人際關(guān)系的常識(shí)最夠可以解決人際交往中的問題,故選D。

3.單選題

Hermanisveryadroitathandlingpeople.Heisa(an)（

）manwhoisabletoexpresshisthoughtsanddesiresveryprecisely.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.dedicate

B.articulate

C.exasperate

D.formulate

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)dedicate“致力，獻(xiàn)身”；B選項(xiàng)articulate“善于表達(dá)的；口才好的”；C選項(xiàng)exasperate“激怒，惡化”；D選項(xiàng)formulate“規(guī)劃，制定”。A、C、D都為動(dòng)詞，不可填入空格部分。根據(jù)后面關(guān)鍵詞“expresshisthoughtsanddesiresveryprecisely準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)自己的思想和愿望”，可知空格部分形容詞的意思應(yīng)該是“善表達(dá)的”，句意為：赫爾曼很善于與人打交道。他是個(gè)能言善辯的人，能把自己的想法準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)出來(lái)。故正確答案選B。

4.填空題

MuchofwhatisbestinRoots—thestoryofhisfamilytracesbackoversevengenerations—waswritten

outofthisman’sownsufferingsanddespair.Heisclosetotearsashetellsthestory.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Btracesback改為tracedback

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。

【解題思路】根據(jù)waswritten，可知?jiǎng)幼饕淹瓿桑瑃race是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，用過去分詞traced表示動(dòng)作已發(fā)生。

【句意】《根》講述了他的家族七代人的故事，其中最精彩的部分是他用自己的痛苦和絕望寫成的。當(dāng)他講述這個(gè)故事時(shí)，幾乎要流淚了。

5.單選題

Eachofthemhadadifferent（）ofwhatactuallyhappened,butherswasfarmorebelievable.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.message

B.theory

C.version

D.comment

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)message“消息”；B選項(xiàng)theory“理論，原理”；C選項(xiàng)version“版本，說法”；D選項(xiàng)comment“評(píng)論，意見”。句意：每個(gè)人對(duì)實(shí)際發(fā)生的事情都有不同的說法，但她的說法更可信。選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。

6.單選題

Sincemarketreformswereinstitutedinthelate1970s,Chinahasbeenamongthemostrapidlygrowingeconomiesintheworld,regularly（）10percentGDPgrowthannually.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exceeded

B.exceeding

C.hasexceeded

D.havingexceeded

【答案】B

【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)。句意：自上世紀(jì)70年代末實(shí)行市場(chǎng)改革以來(lái)，中國(guó)一直是世界上增長(zhǎng)最快的經(jīng)濟(jì)體之一，每年的GDP增長(zhǎng)率經(jīng)常超過10%。句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞hasbeen，所以填空處應(yīng)填入非謂語(yǔ)，由此可首先排除C選項(xiàng)和D選項(xiàng)；其次，這里應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在分詞形式表示超過的狀態(tài)，而且超過是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

7.單選題

Thewomenmeettwiceamonthto（）theirideastogetherandsetbusinessgoalsforeachother.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.enquire

B.indulge

C.tease

D.pool

【答案】D

【解析】enquire詢問,調(diào)查；indulge滿足,縱容；tease取笑,戲弄；pool聯(lián)營(yíng),合伙經(jīng)營(yíng)。句意：這些女性每月會(huì)面兩次,把她們的想法匯集在一起,為彼此設(shè)定商業(yè)目標(biāo)。選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。

8.單選題

Igotupsolatethismorning1hadtocookupsomeexcuseaboutmycarbreakingdown.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.initiate

B.challenge

C.invent

D.appreciate

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.initiate開始；發(fā)起B(yǎng).challenge挑戰(zhàn)

C.invent發(fā)明；編造D.appreciate欣賞；賞識(shí)

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞someexcuse（一些借口）可知，cookup表示“編造”的意思，C項(xiàng)詞義與之相近，故該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D項(xiàng)不符合劃線單詞詞義。

【句意】我今天早上起得這么晚，我不得不編造一些借口，說我的車壞了。

9.單選題

Manymoreeighteenth-centurynovelswerewrittenbywomenthanbymen,butthisdominancehas,untilveryrecently,beenregardedmerelyas（）fact,abitofarcaneknowledgenotedonlybybibliographers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.acontroversial

B.astatistical

C.anexplicit

D.anunimpeachable

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)controversial“有爭(zhēng)議的；有爭(zhēng)論的”；B選項(xiàng)statistical“統(tǒng)計(jì)的；統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)的”；C選項(xiàng)explicit“明確的；清楚的；直率的；詳述的”；D選項(xiàng)unimpeachable“無(wú)可指責(zé)的；無(wú)可懷疑的；無(wú)懈可擊的；無(wú)過失的，無(wú)罪的”。句意：18世紀(jì)的小說中，女性的作品要比男性的多得多，但直到最近，這種主導(dǎo)地位一直被認(rèn)為只是一個(gè)統(tǒng)計(jì)事實(shí)，一種只有文獻(xiàn)學(xué)家才注意到的晦澀知識(shí)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

1.（

）

Theroleofgovernmentsinenvironmentalmanagementisdifficultbutinescapable.Sometimes,thestatetriestomanagetheresourcesitowns,anddoessobadly.Often,however,governmentsactinanevenmoreharmfulway.Theyactuallysubsidizetheexploitationandconsumptionofnaturalresources.Awholerangeofpolicies,fromfarmpricesupporttoprotectionforcoal-mining,doenvironmentaldamageand(often)makenoeconomicsense.Scrappingthemoffersatwo-foldbonus:acleanerenvironmentandamoreefficienteconomy.Growthandenvironmentalismcanactuallygohandinhand,ifpoliticianshavethecouragetocontrolthevestedinterestthatsubsidiescreate.

2.（

）

Noactivityaffectsmoreoftheearth’ssurfacethanfarming.Itshapesathirdoftheplanet’slandarea,notcountingAntarctica,andtheproportionisrising.Worldfoodoutputperheadhasrisenby4percentbetweenthe1970sand1980smainlyasaresultofincreasesinyieldsfromlandalreadyincultivation,butalsobecausemorelandhasbeenbroughtundertheplough.Higheryieldshavebeenachievedbyincreasedirrigation,bettercropbreeding,andadoublingintheuseofpesticidesandchemicalfertilizersinthe1970sand1980s.

3.（

）

Alltheseactivitiesmayhavedamagingenvironmentimpacts.Forexample,landclearingforagricultureisthelargestsinglecauseofdeforestation;chemicalfertilizersandpesticidesmaycontaminatewatersupplies;moreintensivefarmingandtheabandonmentoffallowperiodstendtoexacerbatesoilerosion;andthespreadofmonocultureanduseofhigh-yieldingvarietiesofcropshavebeenaccompaniedbythedisappearanceofoldvarietiesoffoodplantswhichmighthaveprovidedsomeinsuranceagainstpestsofdiseasesinfuture.Soilerosionthreatenstheproductivityoflandinbothrichandpoorcountries.TheUnitedState,wherethemostcarefulmeasurementshavebeendone,discoveredin1982thataboutone-fifthofitsfarmlandwaslosingtopsoilataratelikelytodiminishthesoil’sproductivity.Thecountrysubsequentlyembarkeduponaprogramtoconvert11percentofitscroppedlandtomeadoworforest.TopsoilinIndiaandChinaisvanishingmuchfasterthanAmerica.

4.（

）

Governmentpolicieshavefrequentlycompoundedtheenvironmentaldamagethatfarmingcancause.Intherichcountries,subsidiesforgrowingcropsandpricesupportsforfarmoutputdriveupthepriceofland.Theannualvalueofthesesubsidiesisimmense;about$250billion,ormorethanallWorldBanklendinginthe1980s.Toincreasetheoutputofcropsperacre,afarmer’seasiestoptionistousemoreofthemostreadilyavailableinputs:fertilizersandpesticides.FertilizerusedoubledinDenmarkintheperiod1960-1985andincreasedinTheNetherlandsby150percent.Thequantityofpesticidesappliedhasrisentoo:by69percentin1975-1984inDenmark,forexample,withariseof115percentinthefrequencyofapplicationinthethreeyearsfrom1981.

Inthelate1980sandearly1990ssomeeffortsweremadetoreducefarmsubsidies.ThemostdramaticexamplewasthatofNewZealand,whichscrappedmostfarmsupportin1984.Astudyoftheenvironmentaleffects,conductedin1993,foundthattheendoffertilizersubsidieshadbeenfollowedbyafallinfertilizeruse(afallcompoundedbythedeclineinworldcommodityprices,whichcutfarmincomes).Theremovalofsubsidiesalsostoppedland-cleaningandover-stocking,whichinthepasthadbeentheprincipalcausesoferosion.Farmsbegantodiversify.Theonekindofsubsidywhoseremovalappearedtohavebeenbadfortheenvironmentwassubsidytomanagesoilerosion.

Inlessenlightenedcountries,andintheEuropeanUnion,thetrendhasbeentoreduceratherthaneliminatesubsidies,andtointroducenewpaymentstoencouragefarmerstotreattheirlandinenvironmentallyfriendlierways,ortoleaveitfallow.Itmaysoundstrangebutsuchpaymentsneedtobehigherthantheexistingincentivesforfarmerstogrowfoodcrops.Farmers,however,dislikebeingpaidtodonothing.Inseveralcountries,theyhavebecomeinterestedinthepossibilityofusingfuelproducedfromcropresidueseitherasareplacementforpetrol(asethanol)orasfuelforpowerstations(asbiomass).Suchfuelsproducefarlesscarbondioxidethancoaloroil,andabsorbcarbondioxideastheygrow.Theyarethereforelesslikelytocontributetothegreenhouseeffect.Buttheyarerarelycompetitivewithfossilfuelsunlesssubsidizedandgrowingthemdoesnolessenvironmentalharmthanothercrops.

5.（

）

Inpoorcountries,governmentsaggravateothersortsofdamage.Subsidiesforpesticidesandartificialfertilizersencouragefarmerstousegreaterquantitiesthanareneededtogetthehighesteconomiccropyield.AstudybytheinternationalRiceResearchinstituteofpesticideusebyfarmersinSouthEastAsiafoundthat,withpest-resistantvarietiesofrice,evenmoderateapplicationsofpesticidefrequentlycostfarmersmorethantheysaved.Suchwasteputsfarmersonachemicaltreadmill:bugsandweedsbecomeresistanttopoisons,sonextyear’spoisonsmustbemorelethal.Onecostistohumanhealth.Everyyearsome10,000peoplediefrompesticidepoisoning,almostalloftheminthedevelopingcountries,andanother400,000becomeseriouslyill.Asforartificialfertilizers,theiruseworld-wideincreasedby40percentperunitoffarmedlandbetweenthemid1970sandlate1980s,mostlyinthedevelopingcountries.Overuseoffertilizersmaycausefarmerstostoprotatingcropsorleavingtheirlandfallow.That,inturn,maymakesoilerosionworse.

6.（

）

AresultoftheUruguayRoundofworldtradenegotiationsislikelytobeareductionof36percentintheaveragelevelsoffarmsubsidiespaidbytherichcountriesin1986-1990.Someoftheworld’sfoodproductionwillmovefromWesternEuropetoregionswheresubsidiesarelowerofnon-existent,suchastheformercommunistcountriesandpartsofthedevelopingworld.Someenvironmentalistsworryaboutthisoutcome.Itwillundoubtedlymeanmorepressuretoconvertnaturalhabitatintofarmland.Butitwillalsohavemanydesirableenvironmenteffects.Theintensityoffarmingintherichworldshoulddecline,andtheuseofchemicalinputswilldiminish.Cropsaremorelikelytobegrownintheenvironmentstowhichtheyarenaturallysuited.Andmoreframersinpoorcountrieswillhavethemoneyandincentivetomanagetheirlandinwaysthataresustainableinthelongrun.Thatisimportant.Tofeedanincreasinglyhungryworld,farmersneedeveryincentivetousetheirsoilandwatereffectivelyandefficiently.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theprobableeffectsofthenewinternationaltradeagreement

B.Theenvironmentalimpactofmodernfarming

C.Fanningandsoilerosion

D.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinrichcountries

E.Governmentsandmanagementoftheenvironment

F.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinpoorcountries

G.Farmingandfoodoutput

H.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyonfoodoutput

I.Thenewprospectsforworldtrade

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theprobableeffectsofthenewinternationaltradeagreement

B.Theenvironmentalimpactofmodernfarming

C.Fanningandsoilerosion

D.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinrichcountries

E.Governmentsandmanagementoftheenvironment

F.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinpoorcountries

G.Farmingandfoodoutput

H.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyonfoodoutput

I.Thenewprospectsforworldtrade

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theprobableeffectsofthenewinternationaltradeagreement

B.Theenvironmentalimpactofmodernfarming

C.Fanningandsoilerosion

D.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinrichcountries

E.Governmentsandmanagementoftheenvironment

F.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinpoorcountries

G.Farmingandfoodoutput

H.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyonfoodoutput

I.Thenewprospectsforworldtrade

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theprobableeffectsofthenewinternationaltradeagreement

B.Theenvironmentalimpactofmodernfarming

C.Fanningandsoilerosion

D.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinrichcountries

E.Governmentsandmanagementoftheenvironment

F.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinpoorcountries

G.Farmingandfoodoutput

H.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyonfoodoutput

I.Thenewprospectsforworldtrade

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theprobableeffectsofthenewinternationaltradeagreement

B.Theenvironmentalimpactofmodernfarming

C.Fanningandsoilerosion

D.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinrichcountries

E.Governmentsandmanagementoftheenvironment

F.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinpoorcountries

G.Farmingandfoodoutput

H.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyonfoodoutput

I.Thenewprospectsforworldtrade

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.Theprobableeffectsofthenewinternationaltradeagreement

B.Theenvironmentalimpactofmodernfarming

C.Fanningandsoilerosion

D.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinrichcountries

E.Governmentsandmanagementoftheenvironment

F.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyinpoorcountries

G.Farmingandfoodoutput

H.Theeffectsofgovernmentpolicyonfoodoutput

I.Thenewprospectsforworldtrade

【答案】第1題:E

第2題:G

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:F

第6題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)SectionA第一句，“Theroleofgovernmentsinenvironmentalmanagementisdifficultbutinescapable.”，政府在環(huán)境管理方面發(fā)揮的作用是困難的，但是不可避免的。本句為A段的中心句，可判斷出主要提到的內(nèi)容是政府和環(huán)境管理。選項(xiàng)Ⅴ符合題意。

2.根據(jù)SectionB第一句，“Noactivityaffectsmoreoftheearth’ssurfacethanfarming.”，農(nóng)業(yè)活動(dòng)對(duì)地球表面的影響最大，可知本段的內(nèi)容與農(nóng)業(yè)相關(guān)。根據(jù)下文，“Worldfoodoutputperheadhasrisenby4percentbetween…”，可知對(duì)糧食產(chǎn)量進(jìn)行了討論。可判斷出本段的主要內(nèi)容為農(nóng)業(yè)和糧食產(chǎn)量。選項(xiàng)Ⅶ符合題意。

3.根據(jù)SectionC第一句，“Alltheseactivitiesmayhavedamagingenvironmentimpacts.”，所有的這些農(nóng)業(yè)活動(dòng)都對(duì)環(huán)境帶來(lái)有害影響。此句為段落中心句，可判斷出本段內(nèi)容為現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)對(duì)環(huán)境的影響。選項(xiàng)Ⅱ符合題意。

4.根據(jù)SectionD第一句，“Governmentpolicieshavefrequentlycompoundedtheenvironmentaldamagethatfarmingcancause.”，政府的政策經(jīng)常加劇農(nóng)業(yè)可能造成的環(huán)境破壞。此句為本段的中心句，可判斷出本段的主要內(nèi)容與政府的政策相關(guān)。緊接著下文intherichcountries，主要提到在富裕的國(guó)家，政府的政策對(duì)環(huán)境的影響，與下一段的inpoorcountries形成對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系?？膳袛喑霰径蔚闹黝}為在富裕國(guó)家中，政府政策的影響。選項(xiàng)IV符合題意。

5.根據(jù)SectionE第一句，“Inpoorcountries,governmentsaggravateothersortsofdamage.”，可知本段主要提到在貧窮國(guó)家，政府的政策帶來(lái)的影響和傷害。與D段的richcountries構(gòu)成了對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，分別對(duì)貧窮國(guó)家和富有國(guó)家中，政府政策對(duì)環(huán)境的影響進(jìn)行了闡述。選項(xiàng)Ⅵ符合題意。

6.根據(jù)SectionF第一句，“AresultoftheUruguayRoundofworldtradenegotiationsislikelytobeareductionof36percentintheaveragelevelsoffarmsubsidiespaidbytherichcountriesin1986-1990.”，可指本段主要內(nèi)容與烏拉圭回合世界貿(mào)易談判相關(guān)，下文提到了相關(guān)決定給環(huán)境帶來(lái)的影響?？赏茢喑霰径蔚闹饕獌?nèi)容為新國(guó)際貿(mào)易協(xié)定可能產(chǎn)生的影響。選項(xiàng)I符合題意。

11.單選題

Theirsuccessinincreasingthemarketshareresultedfromtheirbreak-throughin（）oftheproductconfiguration.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.quality

B.stereotype

C.ads

D.maintenance

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)quality“品質(zhì)、質(zhì)量”；B選項(xiàng)stereotype“老套、成見”；C選項(xiàng)ads“廣告”；D選項(xiàng)maintenance“維持、保養(yǎng)”，句意為：他們之所以能成功地提高市場(chǎng)份額，是因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)诋a(chǎn)品配置的質(zhì)量上取得了突破。quality“品質(zhì)、質(zhì)量”符合題意，因此選A。

12.單選題

Hurricanesarekillerwinds,andtheir（

）powerliesinthephysicaldamagetheycando.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.cumulative

B.destructive

C.turbulent

D.prevalent

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。cumulative意為“累積的”；destructive意為“破壞性的”；turbulent意為“騷亂的，混亂的”；prevalent意為“流行的，盛行的”。

句意：颶風(fēng)是致命風(fēng)，它們的破壞性力量在于它們所能造成的身體傷害。

13.單選題

Stanleywas（）bywhatIhadsaidandwhenIrealizedthis,Iapologizedtohimforbeingsotactless.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wounded

B.frustrated

C.resented

D.offended

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Wound“傷害，使受傷”；frustrate“挫敗，阻撓”；resent“怨恨，憤恨”；offend“冒犯”。句意：斯坦利對(duì)我的話感到了被冒犯，當(dāng)我意識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)，我為我的不得體向他道歉。

14.單選題

Butthereisofcultureanotherview,inwhichnotsolelythescientificpassion,thesheerdesiretoseethingsastheyare,naturalandproperinanintelligentbeing,appearsasthegroundofit.Thereisaviewinwhichalltheloveofourneighbor,theimpulsestowardsaction,help,andbeneficence,thedesireforremovinghumanerror,clearinghumanconfusion,anddiminishinghumanmisery,thenobleaspirationtoleavetheworldbetterandhappierthanwefoundit—motiveseminentlysuchasarecalledsocial—comeinaspartofthegroundsofculture,andthemainandpreeminentpart.Cultureisthenproperlydescribednotashavingitsoriginincuriosity,butashavingitsoriginintheloveofperfection;itisastudyofperfection.（1）_______________________________.

Religionsays:TheKingdomofGodiswithinyou;（2）______________________.Itplacesitintheever-increasingefficacyandinthegeneralharmoniousexpansionofthosegiftsofthoughtandfeeling,whichmakethepeculiardignity,wealth,andhappinessofhumannature.AsIhavesaidonaformeroccasion:“Itisinmakingendlessadditionstoitself,intheendlessexpansionofitspowers,inendlessgrowthinwisdomandbeauty,thatthespiritofthehumanracefindsitsideal.Toreachthisideal,cultureisanindispensableaid,andthatisthetruevalueofculture.”Notahavingandarestingbutagrowingandabecoming,isthecharacterofperfectionascultureconceivesit;andhere,too,itcoincideswithreligion…

Ifculture,then,isastudyofperfection,andofharmoniousperfection,generalperfection,andperfectionwhichconsistsinbecomingsomethingratherthaninhavingsomething,inaninwardconditionofthemindandspirit,notinanoutwardsetofcircumstances,itisclearthatculture…h(huán)asaveryimportantfunctiontofulfillformankind.Andthisfunctionisparticularlyimportantinourmodernworld,ofwhichthewholecivilizationis,toamuchgreaterdegreethanthecivilizationofGreeceandRome,mechanicalandexternal,andtendsconstantlytobecomemoreso.（3）_______________________________.

Thepursuitofperfection,then,isthepursuitofsweetnessandlight.Culturehasonegreatpassion,thepassionforsweetnessandlight.Ithasoneevenyetgreater—thepassionformakingthemprevail.Itisnotsatisfiedtillweallcometoaperfectman;itknowsthatthesweetnessandlightofthefewmustbeimperfectuntiltherawandunkindledmassesofhumanityaretouchedwithsweetnessandlight.IfIhavenotshrunkfromsayingthatwemustworkforsweetnessandlight,soneitherhaveIshrunkfromsayingthatwemusthaveabroadbasis,musthavesweetnessandlightforasmanyaspossible…（4）_______________________________________.

（5）__________________________________________.Thegreatmenofculturearethosewhohavehadapassionfordiffusing,formakingprevail,forcarryingfromoneendofsocietytotheother,thebestknowledge,thebestideasoftheirtime;whohavelaboredtodivestknowledgeofallthatwasharsh,uncouth,difficult,abstract,professional,exclusive;tohumanizeit,tomakeitefficientoutsidethecliqueofthecultivatedandlearned,yetstillremainingthebestknowledgeandthoughtofthetime,andatruesource,therefore,ofsweetnessandlight.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Cultureseekstomakethebestthathasbeenthoughtandknownintheworldcurrenteverywhere;tomakeallmenliveinanatmosphereofsweetnessandlight,wheretheymayuseideas,asitusesthemitself,freely—-nourished,andnotboundbythem.

B.Thisisthesocialidea;andthemenofculturearethetrueapostlesofequality.

C.Itmovesbytheforce,notmerelyorprimarilyofthescientificpassionforpureknowledge,butalsoofthemoralandsocialpassionfordoinggood.

D.Allthesethingsoughttobedonemerelybytheway:theformationofthespiritandcharactermustbeourrealconcern.

E.Theyhumanizedknowledge;becausetheybroadenedthebasisoflifeandintelligence;becausetheyworkedpowerfullytodiffusesweetnessandlight.

F.Andculture,inlikemanner,placeshumanperfectioninaninternalcondition,inthegrowthandpredominanceofourhumanityproper,asdistinguishedfromouranimality.

G.Butaboveallinourowncountryhascultureaweightyparttoperform,becauseherethatmechanicalcharacter,whichcivilizationtendstotakeeverywhere,isshowninthemosteminentdegree.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Cultureseekstomakethebestthathasbeenthoughtandknownintheworldcurrenteverywhere;tomakeallmenliveinanatmosphereofsweetnessandlight,wheretheymayuseideas,asitusesthemitself,freely—-nourished,andnotboundbythem.

B.Thisisthesocialidea;andthemenofculturearethetrueapostlesofequality.

C.Itmovesbytheforce,notmerelyorprimarilyofthescientificpassionforpureknowledge,butalsoofthemoralandsocialpassionfordoinggood.

D.Allthesethingsoughttobedonemerelybytheway:theformationofthespiritandcharactermustbeourrealconcern.

E.Theyhumanizedknowledge;becausetheybroadenedthebasisoflifeandintelligence;becausetheyworkedpowerfullytodiffusesweetnessandlight.

F.Andculture,inlikemanner,placeshumanperfectioninaninternalcondition,inthegrowthandpredominanceofourhumanityproper,asdistinguishedfromouranimality.

G.Butaboveallinourowncountryhascultureaweightyparttoperform,becauseherethatmechanicalcharacter,whichcivilizationtendstotakeeverywhere,isshowninthemosteminentdegree.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Cultureseekstomakethebestthathasbeenthoughtandknownintheworldcurrenteverywhere;tomakeallmenliveinanatmosphereofsweetnessandlight,wheretheymayuseideas,asitusesthemitself,freely—-nourished,andnotboundbythem.

B.Thisisthesocialidea;andthemenofculturearethetrueapostlesofequality.

C.Itmovesbytheforce,notmerelyorprimarilyofthescientificpassionforpureknowledge,butalsoofthemoralandsocialpassionfordoinggood