考研考博-英語(yǔ)-天津工程職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-天津工程職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Tonyhasnottheleast（）ofgivinguphisresearchwork.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.intention

B.interest

C.wish

D.desire

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)intention“打算，意圖，意向”，后可接of短語(yǔ)，也可以接不定式短語(yǔ)；B選項(xiàng)interest“興趣，愛好，利息，趣味”，后接介詞in；C選項(xiàng)wish“希望，愿望；祈求，心愿；祝愿，祝?！迸cD選項(xiàng)desire“欲望；要求，心愿”后一般接不定式。句意：托尼毫無放棄其研究工作的打算。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.翻譯題

Whenproprietaryinformationisaconcern,rememberthatnondisclosureagreementsmaybeapartofone’sspecifications,andthatfirmsmaybeevaluatedbasedontheircompliance.Whilevitaltechnologiesandproductdevelopmentplansmustbeprotected,foreignsourcingpartnersmusthaveadequateinformationtoenablethemtoperformtospecifications.Iftheinformationissimplytoosensitivetoshare,thatmaybeanargumentformakingthe“make”decisionratherthan“buy”inconsideringoutsourcingattheoutset.

【答案】

當(dāng)涉及到專有信息時(shí)，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)記：保密協(xié)議可作為個(gè)人規(guī)范的一部分，并可基于協(xié)議的遵守情況評(píng)估公司。盡管關(guān)鍵技術(shù)和產(chǎn)品研發(fā)計(jì)劃必須受到保護(hù)，但是國(guó)外的采購(gòu)合作商也必須擁有足夠的信息才能按照規(guī)格操作。如果這些信息太敏感而無法共享，這可能說明，在開始考慮外包時(shí)，需做出“制造”而不是“購(gòu)買”的決定。

3.單選題

Duringthe1960’sand1970’s,theprimaryeconomicdevelopmentstrategyoflocalgovernmentsintheUnitedStateswastoattractmanufacturingindustries.Unfortunately,thisstrategywasusuallyimplementedatanothercommunity’sexpense:manymanufacturingfacilitieswereluredawayfromtheirmooringselsewherethroughtaxincentivesandslickpromotionalefforts.Throughthetransferofjobsandrelatedrevenuesthatresultedfromthispractice,onetown’striumphcouldbecomeanothertown’stragedy.

Inthe1980’sthestrategyshiftedfromthiszero-sumgametoonecalled“high-technologydevelopment,”inwhichlocalgovernmentscompetedtoattractnewlyformedhigh-technologymanufacturingfirms.Althoughthisapproachwaspreferabletovictimizingothergeographicalareasbytakingtheirjobs,italsohaditsshortcomings:high-techmanufacturingfirmsemployonlyaspeciallytrainedfractionofthemanufacturingworkforce,andtheresimplyarenotenoughhigh-techfirmstosatisfyallgeographicareas.

Recently,localgovernmentshaveincreasinglycometorecognizetheadvantagesofyetathirdstrategy:thepromotionofhomegrownsmallbusinesses.Smallindigenousbusinessesarecreatedbyanearlyubiquitousresource,localentrepreneurs,withrootsintheircommunities,theseindividualsarelesslikelytobeenticedawaybyincentivesofferedbyanothercommunity.Indigenousindustryandtalentarekeptathome,creatinganenvironmentthatbothprovidesjobsandfostersfurtherentrepreneurship.

1.ThepassagesuggestswhichofthefollowingaboutthemajorityofUnitedStatesmanufacturingindustriesbeforethehigh-technologydevelopmenteraofthe1980’s?

2.Thetoneofthepassagesuggeststhattheauthorismostoptimisticabouttheeconomicdevelopmentpotentialofwhichofthefollowinggroups?

3.Theauthorofthepassagementionswhichofthefollowingasanadvantageofhigh-technologydevelopment?

4.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theylostmanyoftheirmostinnovativepersonneltosmallentrepreneurialenterprises.

B.Theyexperiencedamajordeclineinprofitsduringthe1690’sand1970’s.

C.Theycouldproviderealeconomicbenefitstotheareasinwhichtheywerelocated.

D.Theyemployedworkerswhohadnospecializedskills.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Localgovernments

B.High-technologypromoters

C.Localentrepreneurs

D.Manufacturing-industrymanagers

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itencouragesthemodernizationofexistingmanufacturingfacilities.

B.Itdoesnotadvantageonelocalworkforceattheexpenseofanother.

C.Itencouragesthegrowthofrelatedindustries.

D.Ittakesfulladvantageoftheexistingworkforce.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Advocatemoreeffectivestrategiesforencouragingthedevelopmentofhigh—technologyenterprisesintheUnitedStates.

B.Contrasttheincentivesforeconomicdevelopmentofferedbylocalgovernmentswiththoseofferedbytheprivatesector.

C.Acknowledgeandcounteradversecriticismofprogramsbeingusedtostimulatelocaleconomicdevelopment.

D.Reviewandevaluatestrategiesandprogramsthathavebeenusedtostimulateeconomicdevelopment.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到第一段中“thisstrategywasusuallyimplementedatanothercommunity’sexpense這種策略通常是實(shí)現(xiàn)另一個(gè)社區(qū)的代價(jià),”以及“throughthetransferofjobsandrelatedrevenuesthatresultedfromthispractice,onetown’striumphcouldbecomeanothertown’stragedy通過這種做法帶來的就業(yè)和相關(guān)收入的轉(zhuǎn)移，一個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)的勝利可能成為另一個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)的悲劇”，可知，在八十年代以前，經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展都是本地化的，只能為自己所在的社區(qū)帶來經(jīng)濟(jì)利益。C項(xiàng)“它們可以為它們所處的地區(qū)提供真正的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益?！闭_。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到第二段“high-techmanufacturingfirmsemployonlyaspeciallytrainedfractionofthemanufacturingworkforce高科技制造企業(yè)只雇傭了一小部分受過專門訓(xùn)練的制造勞動(dòng)力”，以及第三段“indigenousindustryandtalentarekeptathome,creatinganenvironmentthatbothprovidesjobsandfostersfurtherentrepreneurship本土產(chǎn)業(yè)和人才被留在國(guó)內(nèi)，創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)既提供就業(yè)又促進(jìn)進(jìn)一步創(chuàng)業(yè)的環(huán)境”。可知作者是對(duì)本土的企業(yè)持有比較樂觀的態(tài)度。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到第二段“thisapproachwaspreferabletovictimizingothergeographicalareasbytakingtheirjobs這種辦法比奪走其他地理地區(qū)的工作而使其受害要好”可知與B項(xiàng)“它不會(huì)犧牲一個(gè)當(dāng)?shù)貏趧?dòng)力的利益而使另一個(gè)勞動(dòng)力受益?！毕喾?。

4.主旨大意題。文章主要目的在于通過講解三種不同的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展策略，告訴讀者哪種發(fā)展策略優(yōu)勢(shì)比較明顯，同時(shí)三種發(fā)展策略對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)有哪些好的促進(jìn)作用。故D項(xiàng)“審查和評(píng)估用于刺激經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略和方案?！狈项}意。

4.單選題

Inmostcountries,themetricsystemhasbeen（）forallmeasurement.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.admitted

B.adapted

C.applied

D.adopted

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在大多數(shù)國(guó)家，所有的計(jì)量都采用公制。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

5.寫作題

Directions:Presentyourperspectiveontheissuebelow,usingrelevantreasonsand/orexamplestosupportyourviews.

Writeacompositionofabout350wordsentitledAnOccupationthatCanBringMyCreativeDrivesandTechnicalKnowledgeintoFullPlay.

【答案】【略】

6.單選題

ProfessorJohnsonplannedtogoovermypapersentencebysentencewithmeinhisofficethismorning,buthehasn't（

）yet.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.turnedround

B.turnedup

C.turnedon

D.turnedin

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)的turnround=turnaround“轉(zhuǎn)身，轉(zhuǎn)向，歸航，轉(zhuǎn)變”；B選項(xiàng)的turnup“出現(xiàn)，露面，發(fā)生，開大（收音機(jī)、電視等）的音量”；C選項(xiàng)的turnon“打開，發(fā)動(dòng)”；D選項(xiàng)的turnin“交上，歸還，告發(fā)”。根據(jù)句意‘約翰遜教授計(jì)劃今天早上和我一起在他辦公室逐句檢查我的論文，但他還沒來’確定B選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Imustleavenow.（

）ifyouwantthatbookIwillbringittomorrow.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Occasionally

B.Accidentally

C.Incidentally

D.Subsequently

【答案】C

【解析】副詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)Occasionally“偶爾，間或”；B選項(xiàng)Accidentally“意外地，偶然地”；C選項(xiàng)Incidentally“順便，附帶地”；D選項(xiàng)Subsequently“隨后，后來”。句意：我必須得離開了。順便說一句，如果你想要那本書，我明天就帶過來。選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。

8.單選題

Developmentprogramsinitiatedinthetribal-dominatedareasoftenadverselyaffectedthetribalwayoflifeandeconomy,whichwasfrequentlyfollowedbythe（）ontraditionaltribalareasorlandbynon-tribals.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.encroachment

B.expansion

C.enormity

D.elevation

【答案】A

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。encroachment“入侵”；expansion“膨脹”；enormity“暴行”；elevation“提升，海拔”。句意：在部落占主導(dǎo)地位的地區(qū)開展的發(fā)展項(xiàng)目往往對(duì)部落的生活方式和經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生不利影響，并且通常伴隨著部落傳統(tǒng)領(lǐng)地經(jīng)常被其他外來種族入侵。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

9.單選題

Theworld'soceanshavewarmed50percentfasteroverthelast40yearsthanpreviouslythoughtduetoclimatechange,AustralianandUSclimateresearchersreportedWednesday.Higheroceantemperaturesexpandthevolumeofwater,contributingtoariseinsealevelsthatissubmergingsmallislandnationsandthreateningtododamageinlow-lying,densely-populateddeltaregionsaroundtheglobe.

Thestudy,publishedintheBritishjournalNature,addstoagrowingscientificchorusofwarningsaboutthepaceandconsequencesofrisingoceans.ItalsoservesasacorrectivetoamassivereportissuedlastyearbytheNobel,winningUNIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC),accordingtotheauthors.

Risingsealevelsaredrivenbytwothings:thethermalexpansionofseawater,andadditionalwaterfrommeltingsourcesofice.Bothprocessesarecausedbyglobalwarming.TheicesheetthatsitsatthetopofGreenland,forexample,containsenoughwatertoraiseworldoceanlevelsbysevenmetres(23feet),whichwouldburysea-levelcitiesfromDhakatoShanghai.

Tryingtofigureouthowmucheachofthesefactorscontributestorisingsealevelsiscriticallyimportanttounderstandingclimatechange,andforecastingfuturetemperaturerises,scientistssay.Butuptonow,therehasbeenaperplexinggapbetweentheprojectionsofcomputer-basedclimatemodels,andtheobservationsofscientistsgatheringdatafromtheoceans.

Thenewstudy,ledbyCatiaDominguesoftheCentreforAustralianWeatherandClimateResearch,isthefirsttoreconcilethemodelswithobserveddata.Usingnewtechniquestoassessoceantemperaturestoadepthof700metres(2,300feet)from1961to2003,itshowsthatthermalwarmingcontributedtoa0.53millimetre-per-yearriseinsealevelsratherthanthe0.32mmrisereportedbytheIPCC.

1.36.Whathappenswhentheocean'stemperaturerises?

2.37.Theriseinwaterlevelsisespeciallydangerousforsmallislandnationsand（）.

3.38.Thenewstudy（）.

4.39.Ultimately,thenewstudyshouldhelpscientiststo（）.

5.40.Whatwasthemainfindingofthestudy?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itcausessealevelstorise.

B.Itcausessealevelstoremainconstant.

C.Itcausessealevelstodecrease.

D.Itcausessealevelstochange.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.low-lyingurbanareas

B.allcoastalcities

C.peoplewholiveonthebeach

D.peoplewholivearoundtheglobe

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.showsthatthermalwarmingcontributedtoa0.32millimeter-per-yearriseinsealevels

B.didnotrevealanythingthatscientistsdidn'talreadyknow

C.usednewtechniquestoassessoceantemperatures

D.showshowquicklythesealevelsfall

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.lowerwaterlevels

B.findoutwhatiswrongwiththeearth

C.burysea-levelcitieslikeDhakaandShanghai

D.betterpredictclimatechange

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Notenoughisbeingdoneaboutglobalwarming.

B.Oceanwatershavewarmedfasterthanscientistshadpreviouslythought.

C.Thewarmingoftheworld'soceansisnotathreat.

D.Theriseofsealevelshasnothingtodowithoceantemperature.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞ocean’stemperaturerises可以定位到文章第一段中“Higheroceantemperaturesexpendthevolumeofwater,contributingtoariseinsealevelsthatissubmergingsmallislandnationsandthreateningtododamageinlow-lying,densely-populateddeltaregionsaroundtheglobe.”中文翻譯為“海水溫度的升高將會(huì)導(dǎo)致海水體積的膨脹，從而導(dǎo)致海平面的上升，最終淹沒那些較小的島國(guó)并且對(duì)處在全球地勢(shì)低洼的人口密集的三角洲地區(qū)構(gòu)成威脅”可以得知海水溫度升高會(huì)使海平面上升。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問：海平面上升尤其會(huì)對(duì)小島國(guó)和…構(gòu)成威脅。定位到第一段中“contributingtoariseinsealevelsthatissubmergingsmallislandnationsandthreateningtododamageinlow-lying,densely-populateddeltaregionsaroundtheglobe.”譯為：導(dǎo)致海平面上升，最終淹沒那些較小的島國(guó)并且對(duì)處在全球地勢(shì)低洼的人口密集的三角洲地區(qū)構(gòu)成威脅。因此A符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞newstudy可以定位到文章最后一段。其中第一句話“Thenewstudy,ledbyCatiaDominguesoftheCentreforAustraliaWeatherandClimateResearch,isthefirsttoreconcilethemodelswithobserveddata.”中文翻譯為：由于澳大利亞的天氣和氣候研究中心的CatiaDomingues主導(dǎo)的這一項(xiàng)新的研究首次將模型與觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)相協(xié)調(diào)?？芍狟選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；第二句話“Usingnewtechniquestoassessoceantemperaturestoadepthof700metres(2,300feet)from1961to2003,itshowsthatthermalwarmingcontributedtoa0.53millimetre-pre-yearriseinsealevelsratherthanthe0.32mmrisereportedbytheIPCC.”譯為：通過使用新技術(shù)對(duì)海平面2300英尺以下的海水溫度進(jìn)行評(píng)估，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)從1961年到2003年，氣候變暖的熱力作用導(dǎo)致海平面每年上升0.53毫米，而不是像IPCC所說的0.32毫米。由此可以選項(xiàng)A，D錯(cuò)誤。故答案選C。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可以定位到文章第四段中“Tryingtofigureouthowmucheachofthesefactorscontributestorisingsealevelsiscriticallyimportanttounderstandingclimatechange,andforecastingfuturetemperaturerises,scientistssay.”譯為：“科學(xué)家們表示，明確這些因素導(dǎo)致海平面上升的方式，對(duì)于理解氣候變化和預(yù)測(cè)未來氣溫的升高至關(guān)重要”以及最后一段中“Usingnewtechniquestoassessoceantemperaturestoadepthof700metres(2,300feet)from1961to2003,itshowsthatthermalwarmingcontributedtoa0.53millimetre-pre-yearriseinsealevelsratherthanthe0.32mmrisereportedbytheIPCC.”譯為：通過使用新技術(shù)對(duì)海平面2300英尺以下的海水溫度進(jìn)行評(píng)估，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)從1961年到2003年，氣候變暖的熱力作用導(dǎo)致海平面每年上升0.53毫米，而不是像IPCC所說的0.32毫米。可知這將有助于科學(xué)家們后期更好地預(yù)測(cè)氣候變化，因此答案選D。

5.根據(jù)題干可定位到文章最后一段中“...itshowsthatthermalwarmingcontributedtoa0.53millimeter-per-yearriseinsealevelsratherthanthe0.32mmrisereportedbytheIPCC”中文翻譯為：研究發(fā)現(xiàn)氣候變暖的熱力作用導(dǎo)致海平面每年上升0.53毫米，而不是像IPCC所說的032毫米。因此選擇答案B。

10.單選題

Asnobbishpersonadulatesthosewhohaveuppersocialpositionanddespisesthoseofhumbleorigin.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.flatters

B.fascinates

C.flutters

D.fluctuates

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.flatters奉承；討好B.fascinates深深吸引；迷住

C.flutters飄動(dòng)；揮動(dòng)

D.fluctuates波動(dòng)；起伏不定

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息despisesthoseofhumbleorigin（鄙視出身卑微的人）和thosewhohaveuppersocialposition（社會(huì)地位高的人）可知，adulates和despises是相反的詞義，despise表示“鄙視”，那么adulate則表示“奉承”的意思，A項(xiàng)詞義與之相近，故該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)詞義不符合句中所選詞匯。

【句意】勢(shì)利的人奉承社會(huì)地位高的人，鄙視出身卑微的人。

11.單選題

Mysupplyofconfidenceslowly（）asthedeadlineapproached.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.abolished

B.eliminated

C.diminished

D.exterminated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。abolish“廢除”；eliminate“消除，排除”；diminish“減少，縮小”;exterminate“消除；根除”。主語(yǔ)是confidence“信心”，與之搭配的動(dòng)詞是diminish，因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

12.單選題

Onceapictureisprovedtobeaforgery,itbecomesquite______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.invaluable

B.priceless

C.unworthy

D.worthless

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。invaluable“無價(jià)的”；priceless“無價(jià)的”；unworthy“不值得的”；worthless“不值錢的”。句意：一旦一幅畫被證明是偽造的，它就變得十分……。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

13.單選題

TheCivilWarprovidedanimpetustoMichigan'sgrowth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.anincentiveto

B.anobstacleto

C.areasonfor

D.adelayin

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。animpetusto意為“推動(dòng)，促進(jìn)”；anincentiveto意為“刺激，激勵(lì)”；anobstacleto意為“障礙”；areasonfor意為“理由，原因”；adelayin意為“延遲”。

句意：南北戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)推動(dòng)了密歇根州的發(fā)展。

14.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

CorporateandfinancialrestructuringwasnotthereasonforJapan’scommercial（31）.Butitwillbeessentialtothecountry’sfuture.Japan’s（32）productioncapacitywilldisappear.Thatfact,combinedwiththe（33）laborforce,willgraduallydepressthelong-termgrowthratetojust1percentfortwodecades.Suchatepidgrowthratecouldinviteafinancialcrisis.Thenationaldebthasreachedavertiginous160percentofGDP.（34）thisproblemistheimpendingretirementofalargeproportionoftheworkforce.Tothwartthesetrends,Japanmust（35）taxessignificantly,somethingthatwillonlybepossibleifaggressivestructuralreformshavebeenputinplacetoraiseproductioncapacityandfacilitatefastergrowth.

Japan,however,ishavingsecondthoughtsaboutthebenefitsofreform.Thefirstwarning（36）wasaseriesofbureaucraticattemptstopreventforeignersfromearning“inordinate”profitsfromthe（37）intheeconomy.TokyodecidedlastyeartoimposeataxonforeigninvestorsinJapanesereal（38）.Thegovernmenthasalsoproposedalevyonforeignprivate-equitythatwouldallowdomesticcompaniestouse“poisonpills”andothermeasurestoprevent（39）mergersandacquisitions.Thecumulativeeffectoftheseinitiativeswouldbeto（40）thecatalyticprocessofforeigndirectinvestment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.boom

B.prosperity

C.flower

D.resurgence

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.extra

B.surplus

C.additional

D.more

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.growing

B.expanding

C.shrinking

D.contracting

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Exacerbating

B.Improving

C.Turningforthebetter

D.Deteriorate

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.hike

B.decrease

C.goup

D.godown

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.sign

B.signal

C.arrival

D.coming

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.addiction

B.tangle

C.involvement

D.entanglement

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.property

B.housing

C.possessions

D.estate

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.friendly

B.kind

C.hostile

D.cruel

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.encourage

B.discourage

C.push

D.drag

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

第6題:B

第7題:C

第8題:D

第9題:C

第10題:B

【解析】31.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)boom“繁榮”；B選項(xiàng)prosperity“繁榮，成功”；C選項(xiàng)flower“花，精華”；D選項(xiàng)resurgence“復(fù)活，再現(xiàn)”，根據(jù)上下文，可推測(cè)，這里應(yīng)該講的日本商業(yè)繁榮，可排除C、D選項(xiàng)，commercialboom“商業(yè)繁榮”為固定搭配，可排除B選項(xiàng)。句意：公司和金融重組不是日本商業(yè)……的原因。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

32.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查形容詞詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)extra“額外的”；B選項(xiàng)surplus“剩余的，過剩的”；C選項(xiàng)additional“附加的”；D選項(xiàng)more“更多的”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中的詞都有“過多，額外”的意思，又根據(jù)“productioncapacity生產(chǎn)能力”，可知此處表示的應(yīng)該是“生產(chǎn)力過?！?，即“surplusproductioncapacity”。句意：日本的……生產(chǎn)能力將會(huì)消失。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

33.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)growing“生長(zhǎng)；發(fā)育”；B選項(xiàng)expanding“擴(kuò)大；擴(kuò)展”；C選項(xiàng)shrinking“縮水，收縮”；D選項(xiàng)contracting“收縮，縮小”，前面提到生產(chǎn)力過剩將會(huì)消失，后面又提到增長(zhǎng)率的下降，所以我們可知該空表達(dá)的是“勞動(dòng)力區(qū)域短缺”，即“shrinkinglaborforce”，因?yàn)樯a(chǎn)力不足結(jié)合勞動(dòng)力不足，就會(huì)導(dǎo)致增產(chǎn)率的下降，甚至招來金融危機(jī)。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

34.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)Exacerbating“惡化”；B選項(xiàng)Improving“提高；改善”；C選項(xiàng)Turningforthebetter“好轉(zhuǎn)”；D選項(xiàng)Deteriorate“惡化”。該空前一句的意思是“國(guó)民債務(wù)已經(jīng)達(dá)到了GDP的160%”。所以此處的意思是“大量的勞動(dòng)力的即將退休將會(huì)加劇這個(gè)問題”，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中表示“加劇，惡化”的是A。D雖然也有此意，但形式不對(duì)，應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞ing的形式。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

35.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)hike“遠(yuǎn)足”；B選項(xiàng)decrease“減少，減小”；C選項(xiàng)goup“增長(zhǎng)；上升”；D選項(xiàng)godown“下降”。如果要解決前面的問題，就必須增收賦稅。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中hike,goup表示“提高”，但是“goup”是不及物動(dòng)詞，只能表示“taxgoesup”，所以答案為A。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

36.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)sign“跡象”；B選項(xiàng)signal“信號(hào)；暗號(hào)”；C選項(xiàng)arrival“到來；到達(dá)”；D選項(xiàng)coming“到來”。warningsignal表示警告信號(hào)，符合文章內(nèi)容。warningsign通常表示警告牌，警告標(biāo)志，可排除。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

37.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)addiction“上癮，沉溺”；B選項(xiàng)tangle“纏結(jié)，混亂”；C選項(xiàng)involvement“參與，牽連”；D選項(xiàng)entanglement“糾纏”。后面三個(gè)選項(xiàng)意思相近，這里有固定搭配，involvementintheeconomy“經(jīng)濟(jì)干預(yù)，經(jīng)濟(jì)參與”。句意：第一個(gè)警告信號(hào)是一系列的官僚主義企圖阻止外國(guó)人從經(jīng)濟(jì)……賺取“過多”的利潤(rùn)。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

38.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)property“性質(zhì)，性能”；B選項(xiàng)housing“房屋”；C選項(xiàng)possessions“財(cái)產(chǎn)，所有物”；D選項(xiàng)estate“房地產(chǎn)，財(cái)產(chǎn)”。固定詞組，realestate房地產(chǎn)。句意：日本政府去年決定對(duì)外國(guó)投資者征收日本……稅。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

39.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)friendly“友好的，親切的”；B選項(xiàng)kind“和藹的，寬容的”；C選hostile“敵對(duì)的，敵方的”；D選項(xiàng)cruel“殘酷的，殘忍的”。固定搭配，hostilemergerandacquisition惡意并購(gòu)，惡意收購(gòu)。該句子的意思是“阻止惡意兼并”。句意：政府還提議對(duì)外國(guó)私募股權(quán)投資征稅，這將允許國(guó)內(nèi)公司使用“毒丸”和其他措施來阻止……宗合并和收購(gòu)。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

40.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)encourage“鼓勵(lì)，慫恿”；B選項(xiàng)discourage“阻止，使氣餒”；C選項(xiàng)push“推動(dòng)，增加”；D選項(xiàng)drag“拖拉，拖曳”。前面提到了日本對(duì)外商采取的措施：阻止外商通過參與日本經(jīng)濟(jì)從中獲利；增加外商在日本房地產(chǎn)業(yè)的稅收；阻止惡意并購(gòu)。這些措施都會(huì)阻止外商在日本的直接投資，所以表示“阻止”的B選項(xiàng)。句意：這些倡議的累積效果將是外國(guó)直接……投資的催化過程。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

This（）girlisMary'scousin.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.prettylittleSwedish

B.Swedishlittlepretty

C.Swedishprettylittle

D.littleprettySwedish

【答案】A

【解析】考查多個(gè)形容詞修飾名詞時(shí)的詞序。通常順序是:?限定詞—表示說話人評(píng)價(jià)的形容詞—表示大小、形狀、新舊的形容詞—表示顏色的形容詞—表示國(guó)別、來源、材料的形容詞—表示用途或目的的形容詞或分詞,名詞等類別詞—名詞中心詞。根據(jù)規(guī)則,選項(xiàng)A正確。

16.單選題

Thisisthehouse______lastyearwhenIwasinthiscity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.aboutthatIwrotetoyou

B.thatIwrotetoyou

C.aboutwhichIwrotetoyou

D.whichIwrotetoyou

【答案】C

【解析】考查后置定語(yǔ)從句。句子主干是thisisthehouse，橫線和lastyear部分是修飾house的定語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)短語(yǔ)writeaboutsth.得出about放在先行詞前，定語(yǔ)從句中，介詞后面用which不用that，所以C選項(xiàng)aboutwhichIwrotetoyou符合題意。句意：這就是我去年在這個(gè)城市時(shí)寫信告訴你的那所房子。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

UndertheBushadministrationAmericahasgonefromapolicyof“dualcontainment”ofIranandIraqtooneapproachingdualfailure.ItremovedtheironruleofSaddamHussein,butcreatedananarchicvoidinIraqintowhichIranhasextendeditsinfluence.ExhaustedbytheinsurgencyinIraq,AmericanowstruggletodealwiththemoreacutethreatofweaponsofmassdestructionposedbyIran’snuclearprogramme.America’sAraballiesmaybeterrifiedbythestrengtheningofIran，buttheyareevenmoreterrifiedbytheprospectofAmericanmilitaryactiontodestroyIran’snuclearfacilities.

InEuropethereisadegreeofacceptancethat,soonerorlater,theworldmayhavetodealwithanuclear-armedIran.SomeintheBushadministrationthough,regardthatprospectasevenmorehorrendousthantheconsequencesofattackingIran,whichmayincludemoreinstabilityinIraqandelsewhere,moreterrorismandthedisruptionofoilfromthePersianGulf.Thereisnocertainly,moreover,abouthowfarmilitarystrikescansetbackthenuclearprogramme,ifatall.

GeorgeBushhasrepeatedlysaidthat“allopinions”remainonhistable,bywhichhemeanstheuseofmilitaryforce.Buttheoneoptionhehasseemedlesskeenonistheidea,advocatedbymanyofseekinga“grandbargain”withIranonawholerangeofdisputes,fromthenuclearquestiontopeacewithIsrael.WhenAmericawasstrong,itfeltitdidnotneedtodealwithIran.Nowitisworriedbytheprospectoflookingweak.

Nevertheless,therehasbeenarealchangeofpolicysincethedayswhenMr.BushsaidIranwaspartofthe“axisofevil”.HisadministrationhasofferedtojoinnucleartalksifIransuspendsuraniumenrichment.RayTakeyh,anexpertonIran,arguesinthelatestissueofForeignAffairssays:bettertodealwiththepragmatists,andstrengthenthem,ratherthangivefreereintotheradicals.Hemayormaynotberight.

1.Accordingtothepassage,Americafailedto(

).

2.Thephrase“thatprospect”(Line2,Para3)refersto

(

)

.

3.

RayTakeyhurgedtheAmericagovernmentto(

)

.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.containeitherIranofIraq

B.extenditsinfluenceinIran

C.createdananarchicvoidinIraq

D.removetheruleofSaddamHussein

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.AmericanmilitaryactiononIran

B.setbackinIran’snuclearprogram

C.anIranarmedwithnuclearweapons

D.America’sthreatinIran’sweapons

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.stopseeingIranaspartof“theaxisofevil”

B.holdnucleartalkswithIranwithnoconditions

C.suspendtheuraniumenrichmentprograminIran

D.adoptapragmaticratherradicalapproachtoIran

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：根據(jù)這篇文章，美國(guó)沒有做到______。第一段第二句說到“ItremovedtheironruleofSaddamHussein,butcreatedananarchicvoidinIraqintowhichIranhasextendeditsinfluence”，說明美國(guó)推倒了薩達(dá)姆的統(tǒng)治，在伊拉克造成了統(tǒng)治空白，伊朗趁機(jī)擴(kuò)大了影響力，選項(xiàng)A、C、D都是美國(guó)做成的，但是B選項(xiàng)沒有。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.指代題。第二段第一句“InEuropethereisadegreeofacceptablethat,soonerorlater,theworldmayhavetodealwithanuclear-armedIran”說到伊朗核武器的問題讓整個(gè)歐洲擔(dān)心。因此“thatprospect”說的就是“擁有核武器的伊朗”，C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.觀點(diǎn)題。題干：RayTakeyh敦促美國(guó)政府______。文章最后一段提到“bettertodealwiththepragmatists,andstrengthenthem,ratherthangivefreereintotheradicals”，更好的辦法是，與伊朗方面的實(shí)用派談判，而不是放任激進(jìn)派。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

18.單選題

Manypeopleseemtothinkthatsciencefictionistypifiedbythecoversofsomeoftheoldpulpmagazines（廉價(jià)并且趣味低級(jí)的雜志）,theBug-EyedMonster,embodyingeverytraitandfeaturethatmostpeoplefindrepulsive,isabouttograb,andpresumablyravish,asweet,blonde,curvaceous,scantilycladEarthgirl.Thisisunfortunatebecauseitdemeansanddegradesaworthwhileandevenimportantliteraryendeavor.Incontrasttothisunwarrantedstereotype,sciencefictionrarelyemphasizessex,andwhenitdoes,itismorediscreetthanothercontemporaryfiction.Instead,thebasicinterestofsciencefictionliesintherelationbetweenmanandhistechnologyandbetweenmanandtheuniverse.Sciencefictionisaliteratureofchangeandaliteratureofthefuture,andwhileitwouldbefoolishtoclaimthatsciencefictionisamajorliterarygenreatthistime,theaspectsofhumanlifethatitconsidersmakeitwellworthreadingandstudyingfornootherliteraryfromdoesquitethesamethings.

Whatissciencefiction?Tobegin,thefollowingdefinitionshouldbehelpful:sciencefictionisaliterarysubgenrewhichpostulatesachange(forhumanbeings)fromconditionsasweknowthemandfollowstheimplicationsofthesechangestoaconclusion.Althoughthisdefinitionwillnecessarilybemodifiedandexpanded,itcoversmuchofthebasicgroundworkandprovidesapointofdeparture.

Thefirstpoint—thatsciencefictionisaliterarysubgenre—isaveryimportantone,butonewhichisoftenoverlookedorignoredinmostdiscussionsofsciencefiction.Specifically,sciencefictioniseitherashortstoryoranovel.Thereareonlyafewdramaswhichcouldbecalledsciencefiction,withKarelCapek’sRUR(Rossum’sUniversalRobots)beingtheonlyonethatiswellknown,thebodyofpoetrythatmightbelabeledsciencefictionisonlyslightlylarger.Tosaythatsciencefictionisasubgenreofprosefictionistosaythatithasallthebasiccharacteristicsandservesthesamebasicfunctionsinmuchthesamewayasprosefictioningeneral,thatis,itsharesagreatdealwithallothernovelsandshortstories.

Everythingthatcanbesaidaboutprosefiction,ingeneral,appliestosciencefiction.Everypieceofsciencefiction,whethershortstoryornovel,musthaveanarrator,astory,aplot,asetting,characters,language,andtheme.Andlikeanyprose,thethemesofsciencefictionareconcernedwithinterpretingman’snatureandexperienceinrelationtotheworldaroundhim.Themesinsciencefictionareconstructedandpresentedinexactlythesamewaysthatthemesaredealtwithinanyotherkindoffiction.Theyaretheresultofaparticularcombinationofnarrator,story,plot,character,setting,andlanguage.Inshort,thereasonsforreadingandenjoyingsciencefiction,andthewaysofstudyingandanalyzingit,arebasicallythesameastheywouldbeforanyotherstoryornovel.

1.Sciencefictioniscalledaliterarysubgenrebecause（

）.

2.Thefinalsentenceinthepassageimpliesthat

（

）.

3.Fromthelastparagraph,weknowthatpeoplereadsciencefictionespeciallyfor

（

）.

4.Anappropriatetitleforthispassagewouldbe

（

）.

5.Accordingtotheauthor,thepopularimageofsciencefictionis（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.itisnotimportantenoughtobealiteraiygenre.

B.itcannotbemadeintoadramaticpresentation.

C.itsharescharacteristicswithothertypesofprosefiction.

D.tocallita“genre”wouldsubjectittoliteraryjargon.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thereadershouldturnnexttocommentariesongeneralfiction.

B.Thereisnoreasonforanyreadernottolikesciencefiction.

C.Thereadershouldcompareothernovelsandstoriestosciencefiction.

D.Thosewhocanappreciateprosefictioncanappreciatesciencefiction.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thediscoveryofmeaning

B.thebeautyoflanguage

C.thedisplayofcharacter

D.thepsychologicalcomplexity

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.OntheInaccuraciesofPulpMagazines

B.TowardaDefinitionofScienceFiction

C.ATypeofProseFiction.

D.BeyondtheBug-EyedMonster.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.prejudiced

B.impartial

C.worthy

D.admiring

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“Tosaythatsciencefictionisasubgenreofprosefictionistosaythatithasallthebasiccharacteristicsandservesthesamebasicfunctionsinmuchthesamewayasprosefictioningeneral,thatis,itsharesagreatdealwithallothernovelsandshortstories.”可知科幻小說具有其他小說很多相同的特點(diǎn)，因此C選項(xiàng)“它與其他類型的散文小說有著共同的特點(diǎn)”符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Inshort,thereasonsforreadingandenjoyingsciencefiction,andthewaysofstudyingandanalyzingit,arebasicallythesameastheywouldbeforanyotherstoryornovel.”總之，閱讀、欣賞科幻小說和任何其它故事或小說的原因以及研究和分析它們的方法基本上是同樣的，可推測(cè)出能欣賞散文小說的那些人也能欣賞科幻小說，因?yàn)殚喿x它們的方法基本一樣，因此選D。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Andlikeanyprose,thethemesofsciencefictionareconcernedwithinterpretingman’snatureandexperienceinrelationtotheworldaroundhim.”

此外，與任何散文一樣，科幻小說的主題關(guān)注于解釋人類的本性以及人類與自身周圍世界有關(guān)的經(jīng)歷。因此A選項(xiàng)“發(fā)現(xiàn)意義”符合題意。

4.主旨大意題。文章主要講述了科幻小說的定義，并介紹了它的特點(diǎn)、主題以及與其他文學(xué)作品的相同點(diǎn)，因此選B。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Manypeopleseemtothinkthatsciencefictionistypifiedbythecoversofsomeoftheoldpulpmagazines...Thisisunfortunatebecauseitdemeansanddegradesaworthwhileandevenimportantliteraryendeavor.”許多人似乎認(rèn)為科幻小說的典型代表是一些廉價(jià)并且趣味低級(jí)的雜志的封面……這是不幸的，因?yàn)樗H低了一個(gè)有價(jià)值甚至重要的文學(xué)努力。可知作者認(rèn)為人們對(duì)科幻小說的流行形象是有世俗偏見的，因此選A。

19.單選題

9.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Sheisanoddcharacter.

B.Sheisverypick.

C.Sheisveryeasy-going.

D.Sheliesfashio