考研考博-英語-常州機(jī)電職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-常州機(jī)電職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordtablefollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthetableisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthetablemorethanonce.

Theearliest（1）abouttherelationshipbetweenphotographyandartcenteredonwhetherphotograph'saccuracytoappearancesanddependenceonamachineallowedittobeafineartas（2）frommerelyapracticalart.Throughoutthenineteenthcentury,thedefenseofphotographywas（3）withthestruggletoestablishitasafineart.Againstthe（4）thatphotographywasasoulless,mechanicalcopyingofreality,photographers（5）thatitwasinsteadaprivilegedwayofseeing,arevoltagainstcommonplacevision,andnolessworthyanartthanpainting.

Ironically,nowthatphotographyis（6）establishedasafineart,manyphotographersfinditpretentiousorirrelevanttolabelitassuch.Seriousphotographersvariously（7）tobefinding,recording,impartiallyobserving,witnessingevents,exploringthemselves—anything（8）makingworksofart.Theyarenolongerwillingtodebatewhetherphotographyisorisnotafineart,excepttoproclaimthattheirownworkisnotinvolvedwithart.Itshowstheextenttowhichtheysimplytakefor（9）theconceptofartimposedbythe（10）ofModernism:thebettertheart,themoresubversiveitisofthetraditionalaimsofart.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.charge

B.securely

C.distinct

D.triumph

E.asserted

F.therefore

G.controversies

H.identity

I.identical

J.garage

K.but

L.granted

M.claim

N.contradicts

O.severely

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.charge

B.securely

C.distinct

D.triumph

E.asserted

F.therefore

G.controversies

H.identity

I.identical

J.garage

K.but

L.granted

M.claim

N.contradicts

O.severely

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.charge

B.securely

C.distinct

D.triumph

E.asserted

F.therefore

G.controversies

H.identity

I.identical

J.garage

K.but

L.granted

M.claim

N.contradicts

O.severely

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.charge

B.securely

C.distinct

D.triumph

E.asserted

F.therefore

G.controversies

H.identity

I.identical

J.garage

K.but

L.granted

M.claim

N.contradicts

O.severely

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.charge

B.securely

C.distinct

D.triumph

E.asserted

F.therefore

G.controversies

H.identity

I.identical

J.garage

K.but

L.granted

M.claim

N.contradicts

O.severely

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.charge

B.securely

C.distinct

D.triumph

E.asserted

F.therefore

G.controversies

H.identity

I.identical

J.garage

K.but

L.granted

M.claim

N.contradicts

O.severely

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.charge

B.securely

C.distinct

D.triumph

E.asserted

F.therefore

G.controversies

H.identity

I.identical

J.garage

K.but

L.granted

M.claim

N.contradicts

O.severely

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.charge

B.securely

C.distinct

D.triumph

E.asserted

F.therefore

G.controversies

H.identity

I.identical

J.garage

K.but

L.granted

M.claim

N.contradicts

O.severely

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.charge

B.securely

C.distinct

D.triumph

E.asserted

F.therefore

G.controversies

H.identity

I.identical

J.garage

K.but

L.granted

M.claim

N.contradicts

O.severely

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.charge

B.securely

C.distinct

D.triumph

E.asserted

F.therefore

G.controversies

H.identity

I.identical

J.garage

K.but

L.granted

M.claim

N.contradicts

O.severely

【答案】第1題:G

第2題:C

第3題:I

第4題:A

第5題:E

第6題:B

第7題:M

第8題:K

第9題:L

第10題:D

【解析】第1題:1.由下文“whether….”可知此空填controversies正確，句意：最早關(guān)于攝影和藝術(shù)關(guān)系的爭論集中在…

2.bedistinctfrom“與…不同”。

3.beidenticalwith“與…一致”。

4.由that….可知此空指有人指責(zé)。句意：有人指責(zé)攝影是沒有靈魂的、對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)的機(jī)械復(fù)制…

5.此空應(yīng)填一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，句意：攝影師們宣稱，這是一種特殊的觀看方式，是對(duì)平庸視覺的反抗，是一種與繪畫同等價(jià)值的藝術(shù)。

6.由ironically以及后半句句意可知此處意為：具有諷刺意味的是，現(xiàn)在攝影被安全地確立為一門藝術(shù)，許多攝影師認(rèn)為它自命不凡或與此標(biāo)簽不相關(guān)。

7.claimtodosth“聲稱做某事”。

8.anythingbut“根本不，決不”。

9.takeforgranted“認(rèn)為是理所當(dāng)然的”。

10.此處要填名詞。句意：它顯示了他們僅僅把現(xiàn)代主義勝利強(qiáng)加的藝術(shù)概念視為理所當(dāng)然的程度：藝術(shù)越好，對(duì)藝術(shù)的傳統(tǒng)目標(biāo)就越有顛覆性。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

第6題:

第7題:

第8題:

第9題:

第10題:

2.單選題

ItisuptotheGovernmenttotackletheairpollutionproblemand____measuresinlinewiththecouncil’ssuggestions.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.setabout

B.workout

C.fillup

D.bringover

【答案】B

【解析】考查短語辨析與上下文語義。A選項(xiàng)setabout“（~doingsth）著手；開始做”；B選項(xiàng)workout“制定出；解決；算出”；C選項(xiàng)fillup“填補(bǔ)；裝滿”；D選項(xiàng)bringover“說服；把某物或某人帶來”。句意：政府有責(zé)任解決空氣污染問題，并根據(jù)委員會(huì)的建議____措施。根據(jù)句意，政府的責(zé)任是根據(jù)建議，制定計(jì)劃和措施，B選項(xiàng)最符合句意。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為B。

3.單選題

Wehaveacrisisonourhands.Youmeanglobalwarming?Theworldeconomy?No,thedeclineofreading.Peoplearejustnotdoingitanymore,especiallytheyoung.Who’sresponsible?Actually,it’smorelike,Whatisresponsible?TheInternet,ofcourse,andeverythingthatcomeswithit—Facebook,Twitter(微博).Youcanwriteyourownlist.

There’sbeenawarningabouttheimminentdeathofliteratecivilizationforalongtime.Inthe20thcentury,firstitwasthemovies,thenradio,thentelevisionthatseemedtospelldoomforthewrittenworld.Nonedid.Readingsurvived;infactitnotonlysurvived,ithasflourished.Theworldismoreliteratethaneverbefore—therearemoreandmorereaders,andmoreandmorebooks.

Thefactthatweoftengetourreadingmaterialonlinetodayisnotsomethingweshouldworryover.Theelectronicanddigitalrevolutionofthelasttwodecadeshasarguablyshownthewayforwardforreadingandforwriting.Takethearrivalofe-bookreadersasanexample.DeviceslikeKindlemakereadingmoreconvenientandarealotmoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanthetraditionalpaperbook.

Astechnologymakesnewwaysofwritingpossible,newwaysofreadingarepossible.Interconnectivityallowsforthepossibilityofareadingexperiencethatwasbarelyimaginablebefore.Wheretraditionalbookshadtomakedowithphotographsandillustrations,ane-bookcanprovidereaderswithanunlimitednumberoflinks:totexts,pictures,andvideos,inthefuture,thewaypeoplewritenovels,history,andphilosophywillresemblenothingseeninthepast.

Ontheotherhand,thereisthedangeroftrivialization.OneTwittergroupisofferingitsfollowerssingle-sentence-long“digests”ofthegreatnovels.WarandPeaceinasentence?Youmustbejoking.Weshouldfearthefragmentationofreading.Thereisthedangerthatthehigh-speedconnectivityoftheInternetwillreduceourattentionspan—thatwewillbeincapableofreadinganythingoflengthorwhichrequiresdeepconcentration.

Insuchafast-changingworld,inwhichrealityseemstoberemadeeachday,weneedtheabilitytofocusandunderstandwhatishappeningtous.Thishasalwaysbeenthefunctionofliteratureandweshouldbecarefulnottoletitdisappear.Oursocietyneedstobeabletoimaginethepossibilityofsomeoneutterlyintunewithmodemtechnologybutabletomakesenseofadynamic,confusingworld.

Inthe15thcentury,JohannesGuttenberg’sinventionoftheprintingpressinEuropehadahugeimpactoncivilization.Onceuponatimethephysicalbookwasachallengingthing.Weshouldrememberthisbeforeweassumethattechnologyisouttodestroytraditionalculture.

1.Whichofthefollowingparagraphsbrieflyreviewsthehistoricalchallengesforreading?

2.Thefollowingareallcitedasadvantagesofe-booksEXCEPT（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingcanbebesttodescribehowtheauthorfeelstowardsingle-sentence-longnovels?

4.Accordingtothepassage,peopleneedknowledgeofmoderntechnologyand（）tosurviveinthefast-changingsociety.

5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ParagraphOne

B.ParagraphTwo

C.ParagraphThree

D.ParagraphFour

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.multimodalcontent

B.environmentalfriendliness

C.convenienceforreaders

D.imaginativedesign

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Ironic

B.Worried

C.Sarcastic

D.Doubtful

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.goodjudgment

B.highsensitivity

C.goodimagination

D.theabilitytofocus

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Technologypushesthewayforwardforreadingandwriting

B.Interconnectivityisafeatureofnewreadingexperience

C.Technologyisanopportunityandachallengefortraditionalreading

D.Technologyoffersagreatervarietyofreadingpractice

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.段落大意題。題干：哪一個(gè)段落簡要回顧了閱讀的歷史挑戰(zhàn)？根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞historicalchallengesforreading定位至第二段第1-2句There’sbeenawarningabouttheimminentdeathofliteratecivilizationforalongtime.Inthe20thcentury,firstitwasthemovies,thenradio,thentelevisionthatseemedtospelldoomforthewrittenworld.（很長一段時(shí)間以來，一直有關(guān)于文化文明即將滅亡的警告。在20世紀(jì)，首先是電影，然后是廣播，然后是電視，似乎預(yù)示著文字世界的毀滅。），第一句話表明本段將會(huì)回顧閱讀在以前的歷史時(shí)期經(jīng)歷過的挑戰(zhàn)，第二句話就說明了曾經(jīng)有來自于哪幾方面的挑戰(zhàn)，所以B選項(xiàng)“第二段”，是本題的正確答案；文章第一段講的是當(dāng)今閱讀面臨衰退的危機(jī)及原因；第三段講我們其實(shí)無需對(duì)現(xiàn)代科技發(fā)展過慮；第四段的中心是現(xiàn)代科技帶給閱讀的好處，所以都應(yīng)排除。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：以下都被認(rèn)為是電子書的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，除了_______。由題干定位到文章第三段最后一句話DeviceslikeKindlemakereadingmoreconvenientandarealotmoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanthetraditionalpaperbook.（像Kindle這樣的閱讀設(shè)備比傳統(tǒng)的紙質(zhì)書更方便，也更環(huán)保），所以B選項(xiàng)“環(huán)境友好”和C選項(xiàng)“方便讀者”，符合題意；第四段第三句指出ane-bookcanprovidereaderswithanunlimitednumberoflinks:totexts,pictures,andvideos（電子書可以為讀者提供無限數(shù)量的鏈接:文本、圖片和視頻），可見電子圖書的內(nèi)容豐富形式多樣，A選項(xiàng)“多模式的內(nèi)容”是對(duì)該句中提及優(yōu)勢(shì)的概括，所以A選項(xiàng)也符合題意；第四段的第二句話Interconnectivityallowsforthepossibilityofareadingexperiencethatwasbarelyimaginablebefore.（互聯(lián)性使閱讀經(jīng)驗(yàn)成為可能，這是以前幾乎無法想象的。），是說閱讀經(jīng)歷是從前無法想象的，而不是電子圖書的設(shè)計(jì)具有想象力，故D選項(xiàng)“富有想象力的設(shè)計(jì)”，屬于曲解文章意思。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是D選項(xiàng)。

3.推理判斷題。題干：以下哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)能最好地描述作者對(duì)單句小說的感覺？由題干的關(guān)鍵詞“single-sentence-long”定位至第五段。該段首句作者就指出thereisthedangeroftrivialization（有一個(gè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是閱讀的淺薄化），并在該段最后一句中指出Thereisthedangerthatthehigh-speedconnectivityoftheInternetwillreduceourattentionspan—thatwewillbeincapableofreadinganythingoflengthorwhichrequiresdeepconcentration.（目前存在的危險(xiǎn)是：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的高速連接會(huì)減少我們注意力的持續(xù)時(shí)間，結(jié)果是我們不能夠閱讀長篇論著，或是閱讀需要高度集中注意力的書籍。），這些均表明了作者的擔(dān)心，故B選項(xiàng)“擔(dān)心的”，符合題意；A選項(xiàng)“諷刺的”，C選項(xiàng)“挖苦的”和D選項(xiàng)“懷疑的”，根據(jù)文義，作者并無諷刺，懷疑的意思，排除A、C、D選項(xiàng)。綜上所述，本題正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：根據(jù)文章，人們需要現(xiàn)代技術(shù)和_______的知識(shí)來在快速變化的社會(huì)中生存。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第六段最后一句話Oursocietyneedstobeabletoimaginethepossibilityofsomeoneutterlyintunewithmodemtechnologybutabletomakesenseofadynamic,confusingworld.（我們的社會(huì)需要能夠想象出這樣一種可能性：一個(gè)人與現(xiàn)代技術(shù)完全合拍，但又能夠理解一個(gè)動(dòng)態(tài)的、令人困惑的世界。），可知knowledgeofmoderntechnology對(duì)應(yīng)intunewithmoderntechnology，而makesenseofadynamic，confusingworld則對(duì)應(yīng)A選項(xiàng)“良好的判斷力”，故A選項(xiàng)為答案。B選項(xiàng)“高度敏感性”，C選項(xiàng)“豐富的想象力”和D選項(xiàng)“集中注意力的能力”與原句中makesenseof的意思相距甚遠(yuǎn)，故排除。綜上所述，本題正確答案是A選項(xiàng)。

5.主旨大意題。題干：文章的主題思想是？本文開篇提到了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的出現(xiàn)對(duì)閱讀造成的影響。之后回顧了過去科技的發(fā)展曾經(jīng)對(duì)閱讀構(gòu)成的威脅，接著講到閱讀的新趨勢(shì)和方式。第五段說明科技的發(fā)展對(duì)閱讀所造成的具體影響。第六段提到現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中需要什么樣的人——既適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代技術(shù)的發(fā)展,又理解現(xiàn)在的變化。末段提到閱讀本身也曾經(jīng)是個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)，引發(fā)人們思考如何應(yīng)對(duì)現(xiàn)代科技對(duì)閱讀構(gòu)成的威脅。雖然文章沒有明確提出中心思想，首段還提到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)造成了閱讀人數(shù)的下降，但隨后各部分內(nèi)容并沒有對(duì)科技發(fā)展做出否定，而是為人們指明了正確的方向和途徑，尤其末段說明了事物的兩面性，C選項(xiàng)“技術(shù)對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)閱讀來說既是機(jī)遇，也是挑戰(zhàn)”，很好地概括了文章的主旨大意，故為正確答案。由第三段第二句Theelectronicanddigitalrevolutionofthelasttwodecadeshasarguablyshownthewayforwardforreadingandforwriting.（過去二十年的電子和數(shù)字革命可以說為閱讀和寫作指明了前進(jìn)的道路。），可知A選項(xiàng)“科技推動(dòng)了閱讀和寫作的發(fā)展”是該段內(nèi)容，而非全文中心意思，故排除；B選項(xiàng)“互聯(lián)性是新閱讀體驗(yàn)的特征”是對(duì)第四段第二句的解釋，屬于細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容，故排除；D選項(xiàng)“科技提供了更多種類的閱讀實(shí)踐”是對(duì)第四段第三句的概括，與主旨無關(guān)，故排除。綜上所述，本題正確答案是C選項(xiàng)。

4.填空題

We’re（1）alotoftrouble（2）ournewTVset.Weonly（3）itlastmonth,butwealreadyneedtocallarepairmantofixit.I（4）thatthesetisasgoodasweweretolditwasinthestore.Mywife（5）menottotrustthatsalesman!

【答案】1.having

2.with

3.bought

4.doubt

5.told

【解析】1.固定搭配。Havetroublewith在某方面有麻煩/困難

2.固定搭配。

3.語義題。句意:我們上個(gè)月才買的。

4.語義題。doubt懷疑。

5.語義題。Tell告訴。Told在這里暗含“警告”之意。

5.單選題

Agoodmanyhouses（）knockeddownbytheearthquake.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.was

B.were

C.is

D.are

【答案】B

【解析】考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)。根據(jù)題干中的houses可知空格處的be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)形式，故排除A選項(xiàng)和C選項(xiàng)。句意：許多房子在地震中被震垮了。根據(jù)句意可知地震是過去發(fā)生的事情，所以用wereknockeddown，即被動(dòng)式的過去，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Themostimmediateeffecthasbeentheadversepublicityattendantwiththereportingofthedecision.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.appalling

B.shocking

C.negative

D.provoking

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.appalling駭人聽聞的B.shocking令人發(fā)指的

C.negative消極的；負(fù)面的D.provoking刺激的；令人生氣的

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析

【解題思路】原句語義為“最直接的影響是在報(bào)告該決定時(shí)引起的____效果”，原詞adverse“不利的；有害的；反面的”，C選項(xiàng)negative“消極的；負(fù)面的”最符合原句語義。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)appalling“駭人聽聞的”，側(cè)重于指非常糟糕或令人不快，不符合原句語義；

B選項(xiàng)shocking“令人發(fā)指的”，側(cè)重于指非常壞、不道德，不符合原句語義；

D選項(xiàng)provoking“刺激的；令人生氣的”，不符合原句語義。

【句意】最直接的影響是在報(bào)告該決定時(shí)引起的負(fù)面效果。

7.單選題

Afterthefiercequarrel,theybegantohavea（

）loathingforeachother.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.boring

B.reciprocal

C.friendly

D.standing

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。boring“無聊的；令人厭煩的”；reciprocal“互惠的；相互的”；friendly“友好的；親切的”；standing“長期存在的”。句意：在那次激烈的爭吵后，他們開始相互厭惡。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

8.翻譯題

MyfatherwasverykeenthatshouldgotoOxfordorCambridge.HehimselfhadgonetoUniversityCollege.Oxford,sohethoughtIshouldapplythere,becauseIwouldhaveagreaterchanceofgettingin.Atthattime,UniversityCollegehadnofellowinmathematics,whichwasanotherreasonhewantedmetodochemistry:(1)Icouldtryforascholarshipinnaturalscienceratherthaninmathematics.

TherestofthefamilywenttoIndiaforayear,butIhadtostaybehindtodoAlevelsanduniversityentrance.(2)MyheadmasterthoughtIwasmuchtooyoungtotryforOxford,butwentupinMarch1959todothescholarshipexamwithtwoboysfromtheyearabovemeatschool.IwasconvincedIhaddonebadlyandwasverydepressedwhenduringthepracticalexamuniversitylecturer’scarnearoundtotalktootherpeoplebutnottome.ThenafewdaysafterIgothackfromOxford.IgotatelegramtosayIhadascholarship.

Iwasseventeen,andmostofmeotherstudentsinmyyearhaddonemilitaryserviceandwerealotolder.(3)Ifeltratherlonelyduringmyfirstyearandpartofthesecond.ItwasonlyinmythirdyearthatIreallyfelthappythere.TheprevailingattitudeatOxfordatthattimewasveryanti-work.Youweresupposedtobebrilliantwithouteffort,ortoacceptyourlimitationsandgetafourth-classdegree.(4)Toworkhardtogetabetterclassofdegreewasregardedasthemarkofagrayman—heworstepithetintheOxfordvocabulary.

Atthattime,thephysicscourseatOxfordwasarrangedinawaythatmadeitparticularlyeasytoavoidwork.IdidoneexambeforeIwentup,andthenhadthreeyearsatOxfordwithjustthefinalexamsattheend.IoncecalculatedthatIdidaboutathousandhours’workinthethreeyearsIwasthere,anaverageofanhouraday.(5)I’mnotproudofhislackofwork.I’mjustdescribingmyattitudeatthetime,whichIsharedwithmostofmyfellowstudents:anattitudeofcompleteboredomandfeelingthatnothingwasworthmakinganeffortfor.Oneresultofmyillnesshasbeentochangeallthat:Whenyouarefacedwiththepossibilityofanearlydeathitm8kesyourealizethatlifeisworthlivingandthattherearelotsofthingsyouwanttodo.

【答案】1.我可以申請(qǐng)自然科學(xué)類而非數(shù)學(xué)類的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。

2.我的中學(xué)校長覺得我報(bào)考牛津大學(xué)年齡太小，可是，1959年3月，我還是與同校高我一級(jí)的兩個(gè)男生一起參加了獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金資格考試。

3.在第一年以及第二年的一段時(shí)間里，我覺得很孤獨(dú)，直到第三年我才真正感到愉快。

4.用功苦讀以求成績提高被看作是灰人的標(biāo)記——那是牛津詞匯中最難聽的一個(gè)稱號(hào)。

5.我并不以這種懈怠學(xué)業(yè)為榮。我只是在描述自己當(dāng)時(shí)的態(tài)度。我和大多數(shù)同學(xué)都抱這種態(tài)度：百無聊賴，覺得沒有任何事情值得為之努力。

9.單選題

Thenewly-builtScienceBuildingseems（）enoughtolastahundredyears.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.spacious

B.sophisticated

C.substantial

D.steady

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)spacious“寬敞的；廣闊的”；B選項(xiàng)sophisticated“復(fù)雜的；精致的”；C選項(xiàng)substantial“大量的；實(shí)質(zhì)的”；D選項(xiàng)steady“穩(wěn)定的；穩(wěn)固的”。句意：新建的科學(xué)館似乎很……，估計(jì)能持續(xù)一百年。根據(jù)后面的lastahundredyears“持續(xù)100年”可以推論出新的建筑物，一定是足夠結(jié)實(shí)，足夠堅(jiān)固的。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.單選題

Imustgonow,and（

）ifyouwantthatbookI'llbringitnexttime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Successively

B.respectively

C.incidentally

D.accidentally

【答案】C

【解析】successively相繼地，接連著地；respectively分別地，各自地；incidentally順便，偶然地，附帶地；accidentally偶然地，意外地。句意：我現(xiàn)在必須得走了，順便說一句，如果你想要那本書，我下次會(huì)帶來。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

11.單選題

ItiscommonlybelievedintheUnitedStatesthatschooliswherepeoplegotogetaneducation.Nevertheless,ithasbeensaidthattodaychildreninterrupttheireducationtogotoschool.Thedistinctionbetweenschoolingandeducationimpliedbythisremarkisimportant.

Educationismuchmoreopen-endedandall-inclusivethanschooling.Educationknowsnobounds.Itcantakeplaceanywhere,whetherintheshoweroronthejob,whetherinakitchenoronatractor.Itincludesboththeformallearningthattakesplaceinschoolsandthewholeuniverseofinformallearning.Theagentsofeducationcanrangefromareveredgrandparenttothepeopledebatingpoliticsontheradio,fromachildtoadistinguishedscientist.Whereasschoolinghascertainpredictability,educationquiteoftenproducessurprises.Achanceconversationwithstrangermayleadapersontodiscoverhowlittleisknownofotherreligions.Peopleareengagedineducationfrominfancyon.Education,then,isaverybroad,inclusiveterm.Itisalifelongprocess,aprocessthatstartslongbeforethestartofschool,andonethatshouldbeanintegralpartofone’sentirelife.

Schooling,ontheotherhand,isspecific,formalizedprocess,whosegeneralpatternvarieslittlefromonesettingtothenext.Throughoutacountry,childrenarriveatschoolatapproximatelythesametime,takeassignedseats,aretaughtbyanadult,usesimilartextbooks,dohomework,takeexams,andsoon.Theslicesofrealitythataretobelearned,whethertheyarethealphabetoranunderstandingoftheworkingsofgovernment,haveusuallybeenlimitedbytheboundariesofthesubjectbeingtaught.Forexample,highschoolstudentsknowthattheyarenotlikelytofindoutintheirclassesthetruthaboutpoliticalproblemsintheircommunitiesorwhatthenewestfilmmakersareexperimentingwith.Therearedefiniteconditionssurroundingtheformalizedprocessofschooling.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

2.Whatdoestheauthorprobablymeanbyusingtheexpression“Childreninterrupttheireducationtogotoschool”(Sent.2,Para.1)?

3.Thephrase“Forexample,”(Sent.4,Para.3),introducesasentencethatgivesexamplesof______.

4.Thepassagesupportswhichofthefollowingconclusions?

5.Thepassageisorganizedby______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thebestschoolsteachawidevarietyofsubjects.

B.Educationandschoolingarequitedifferentexperiences.

C.Studentsbenefitfromschools,whichrequirelonghoursandhomework.

D.Themoreyearsstudentsgotoschoolthebettertheireducationis.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Goingtoseveraldifferentschoolsiseducationallybeneficial.

B.Schoolvacationsinterruptthecontinuityoftheschoolyear.

C.Summerschoolmakestheschoolyeartoolong.

D.Alloflifeisaneducation.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.similartextbooks

B.theresultsofschooling

C.theworkingsofagovernment

D.theboundariesofclassroomsubject

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Withoutformaleducation,peoplewouldremainignorant.

B.Educationsystemsneedtoberadicallyreformed.

C.Goingtoschoolisonlypartofhowpeoplebecomeeducated.

D.Educationinvolvesmanyyearsofprofessionaltraining.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.listinganddiscussingseveraleducationalproblems

B.contrastingthemeaningsoftworelatedwords

C.narratingastoryaboutexcellentteachers

D.givingexamplesofdifferentkindsofschools

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章開頭提出學(xué)校教育和教育之間的區(qū)別，接著分別介紹了兩者不同的特點(diǎn)。因此B選項(xiàng)“教育和學(xué)校教育是完全不同的經(jīng)歷”最能概括文章主旨。A選項(xiàng)“最好的學(xué)校教授各種各樣的科目”，C選項(xiàng)“學(xué)生從學(xué)校中受益，學(xué)校要求長時(shí)間的學(xué)習(xí)和家庭作業(yè)”，D選項(xiàng)“學(xué)生上學(xué)的年數(shù)越多，他們的教育就越好”在文中均沒有提及，所以A,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

2.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段第二句Nevertheless,ithasbeensaidthattodaychildreninterrupttheireducationtogotoschool.（而現(xiàn)在卻有人認(rèn)為孩子們上學(xué)打斷了他們受教育的過程。），說明有些人認(rèn)為教育是一個(gè)終身的過程，去學(xué)校上學(xué)反而打斷了這一過程。因此D選項(xiàng)“整個(gè)人生都是一種教育”正確。A選項(xiàng)“去幾個(gè)不同的學(xué)校在教育上是有益的”，B選項(xiàng)“學(xué)校放假打斷了學(xué)年的連續(xù)性”，C選項(xiàng)“暑期學(xué)校使學(xué)年太長”在文中均沒有提及，所以A,B,C錯(cuò)誤。

3.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段第四句Forexample,highschoolstudentsknowthattheyarenotlikelytofindoutintheirclassesthetruthaboutpoliticalproblemsintheircommunitiesorwhatthenewestfilmmakersareexperimentingwith.（例如，高中生們知道，在課堂上他們沒法弄清楚他們社區(qū)里政治問題的真情，也不會(huì)了解到最新潮的電影制片人在做哪些嘗試。），該句Forexample之后列舉的例子是為了說明前文的haveusuallybeenlimitedbytheboundariesofthesubjectbeingtaught（往往受到了學(xué)科范圍的限制）。因此D選項(xiàng)“課堂學(xué)科的限制”正確。A選項(xiàng)“類似的教科書”，B選項(xiàng)“學(xué)校教育的結(jié)果”，C選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)政府的工作方式”均不符合題意，所以A,B,C錯(cuò)誤。

4.推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章介紹了學(xué)校教育和教育的區(qū)別，學(xué)校教育只是教育的一部分，除此之外人們還有許多其他接受教育的形式。因此C選項(xiàng)“上學(xué)只是人們受教育方式的一部分”正確。A選項(xiàng)“沒有正規(guī)的教育，人們就會(huì)保持無知”，B選項(xiàng)“教育系統(tǒng)需要進(jìn)行徹底的改革”，D選項(xiàng)“教育涉及多年的專業(yè)培訓(xùn)”在文中均沒有提及，所以A,B,D錯(cuò)誤。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。結(jié)合全文來看，作者首先提出教育和學(xué)校教育兩個(gè)相關(guān)的概念，接著分別介紹了它們的特點(diǎn)和區(qū)別，所以本文的行文線索是對(duì)比教育和學(xué)校教育這兩個(gè)相關(guān)詞匯的概念。因此B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)比兩個(gè)相關(guān)詞匯的含義”正確。A選項(xiàng)“列出并討論了幾個(gè)教育問題”，C選項(xiàng)“敘述了一個(gè)關(guān)于優(yōu)秀教師的故事”，D選項(xiàng)“舉例說明不同類型的學(xué)?！痹谖闹芯鶝]有提及，所以A,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

12.單選題

OnOctober11th,1994,JohnForbesNash,Jr.wontheNobelPrizeforpioneeringworkingametheory.

NashbeganhisPh.D.atPrincetonin1948whenhewasjust20.Whilehewasstillonly21,liewrotea27doctoraldissertationongametheory(博弈論)——themathematicsofcompetition.ThegreatJohnvonNeuman,thenatPrinceton,hadtreatedwin-losecompetitions.NowNashshowedhowtoconstructmathematicalsituationsinwhichbothsideswon.Hefoundstablesituationswherenopersoncontinuestoprofitfromcompetition.

Nashintroducedsomethingtotallynew.Andhedrewtheattentionoftheoreticaleconomists.Theyturnedgametheoryintoatool.Thisyounggeniushadsucceeded.

HewentontoMITandforeightyearsgreatlyimpressedthemathematicalworld.Heworkedineconomics.HeeveninventedthegameofHex,marketedbyparkerBrothers.Hemarriedin1957.NewYorkTimeswriterSilviaNasartellshowFortuneMagazinesingledhimoutinJuly1958asAmerica'sbrilliantyoungstarofthe“newmathematics”.Everythingwasgoingsmoothly.

Then,disaster!Mentalillnessovertookhim.He’donceastonishedmathematicianswithhisunlikelyresults.Nowhisresultsstoppedmakingsense,andthedividinglinewasn’tclearatfirst.Hebeganlookingforsecretmessagesinnumbers.

Psychologistsofthe1950sclaimedthathiswife’spregnancyhadtippedhimovertheedge.Nicethingtolayonawomanalreadystressedtotheedgebyherhusband’scollapse!Themarriageended,butshehousedhim,backinPrinceton.

For25years,mentalillnesscontrolledJohnNash.Itwasinthemid-1980sthatNashatlastlearnedtomanagehisillnessand,onceagain,hecoulddomathematics.Meanwhile,gametheoryhadbecomeastapletoolofbusinessandeconomics.AllthewritinginthatfieldpointsbacktoNash'sseminalwork.Finally,NashreceivedtheNobelPrizeineconomics.

1.NashwontheNobelPrize（

）.

2.Theword“They”(Para.3)refersto

（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

4.WhydoyouthinkNashmadehisachievementinthefieldofmathematicsbutwashonoredwiththeNobelPrizeforeconomicsinstead?

5.Thepurposeofthisarticlemightbe（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.forpioneeringworkinestablishingatheory

B.forcombiningmathematicswitheconomics

C.forgreatlyimpressingthemathematicalworldfor8years

D.forhismerit

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theoreticaleconomists

B.Nashandhiscolleagues

C.Nashandotherscientists

D.competitors

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Nash’swifedivorcedhim,butgavehimahouseasagift.

B.Nash’swifeagreedthatherpregnancycontributedtoNash’smentalcollapse.

C.Theauthorthinksit’srighttoblameNash’swifeforhismentalcollapse.

D.Theauthorthinksit’sunfairtoblameNash’swifeforhismentalcollapse.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Becausehisgametheorydrewtheattentionoftheoreticaleconomists.

B.Becausehisgametheoryhasbecomeastapletoolofbusinessandeconomics.

C.Becauseheturnedhisgametheoryintoatool.

D.BecauseNashwasaneconomist.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.totellastoryofamathematicsgenius

B.todepictamathematicsgenius

C.totellthereadersaboutJohnForbesNash.Jr.

D.totellhowNashconqueredhismentalillness

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容“JohnForbesNash,Jr.因博弈論的開創(chuàng)性工作獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)?！边x項(xiàng)A符合原文。

第2題:語義題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容“Nashintroducedsomethingtotallynew.Andhedrewtheattentionoftheoreticaleconomists.Theyturnedgametheoryintoatool.”Nash介紹了一些全新的東西。他引起了理論經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的注意。他們把博弈論變成了一種工具。由此可知，這里的“they”指的是上句中的“theoreticaleconomists”。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

第3題:判斷推理題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“Themarriageended,butshehousedhim,backinPrinceton.”離婚后，他的妻子把他安置在普林斯頓。而不是送了一套房子給他，所以選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句“Psychologistsofthe1950sclaimedthathiswife’spregnancyhadtippedhimovertheedge.”20世紀(jì)50年代的心理學(xué)家們聲稱，他妻子的懷孕讓他陷入了崩潰的邊緣。但原文并沒有說這是導(dǎo)致他精神崩潰的原因，所以選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤；再根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第二句“Nicethingtolayonawomanalreadystressedtotheedgebyherhusband’scollapse!”雖然英文表達(dá)為感嘆句，但其實(shí)這里應(yīng)該翻譯為：將責(zé)任歸因于一位因精神崩潰的丈夫而背負(fù)巨大壓力的女性真的好嗎？潛在意思是說，這是不公平的，所以選項(xiàng)C錯(cuò)誤，選項(xiàng)D正確。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段最后幾句“Meanwhile,gametheoryhadbecomeastapletoolofbusinessandeconomics.AllthewritinginthatfieldpointsbacktoNash'sseminalwork.Finally,NashreceivedtheNobelPrizeineconomics.”與此同時(shí)，博弈論已經(jīng)成為商業(yè)和經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的主要工具。相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的所有文章都基于Nash具有重大意義的研究成果。最后，Nash獲得了諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。由此可知，是因?yàn)镹ash的博弈論已經(jīng)成為商業(yè)和經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的主要工具，所以他獲得的是諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)獎(jiǎng)。選項(xiàng)B正確。

第5題:主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講的是Nash的一生。他雖然精通數(shù)學(xué)領(lǐng)域，但他獲得的卻是諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)獎(jiǎng)。所以選項(xiàng)A和B錯(cuò)誤；選項(xiàng)D“講述Nash是如何戰(zhàn)勝精神疾病的”只是他人生的一部分，所以選項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤；選項(xiàng)C為正確答案。

13.單選題

Thereare______approachestoEnglishteachingHutnotallofthemareequallyefficientforourChinesestudents.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.originate

B.diverse

C.double

D.joint

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)originate“起源；創(chuàng)建”；B選項(xiàng)diverse“多種多樣的”；C選項(xiàng)double“兩倍的；成雙的；雙人的”；D選項(xiàng)joint“聯(lián)合的”。句意：英語教學(xué)的方法______，但并不是所有的方法對(duì)我們的中國學(xué)生都同樣有效。根據(jù)不是所有的方法都有效，可知有很多種方法，B選項(xiàng)diverse“多種多樣的”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

14.填空題

Althoughpersonalitychangeis________difficult,sometimespeoplecanchangethemostdysfunctionalaspectsoftheirfeelingsandbehavior.(exceed)

【答案】exceedingly

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】副詞。

【解題思路】在is________difficult中，is和difficult是系動(dòng)詞和表語，橫線所在內(nèi)容修飾形容詞difficult，應(yīng)該為副詞，exceedingly“極其”符合語境，指的是性格的改變極其困難。

【句意】雖然性格的改變極其困難，但有時(shí)人們可以改變他們的感覺和行為中最不正常的方面。

15.翻譯題

如果把電壓加到電路的兩端，在電路中就會(huì)有電流流動(dòng)。

【答案】Ifthevoltageisappliedtobothendsofthecircuit,therewillbecurrentflowinthecircuit.

16.單選題

Satellitecommunicationsaresoup-to-datethatevenwhen（）inthemiddleofthePacific,businessmencancontacttheirofficesasiftheywerenextdoor.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.gliding

B.cruising

C.piloting

D.patrolling

【答案】B

【解析】gliding滑翔;cruising乘船巡游,巡航,航行;piloting領(lǐng)航,駕駛;patrolling巡查。句意：衛(wèi)星通信是如此的發(fā)達(dá)以致于即使是商人在大西洋中間航行也可以聯(lián)系到他們公司的人,就好像他正在公司的隔壁一樣。因此，本題選B。

17.翻譯題

中國民族自古以來從不把人看作高于一切，在哲學(xué)文藝方面的表現(xiàn)都反映出人在自然界中與萬物占著一個(gè)比例較為恰當(dāng)?shù)牡匚唬墙y(tǒng)治萬物的主宰。因此我們的苦悶，基本上比西方人為少為??；因?yàn)榭鄲灥膹?qiáng)弱原是隨欲望和野心的大小而轉(zhuǎn)移的。農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)的人比工業(yè)社會(huì)的人享受差得多，因此欲望也小得多。況且中國古代素來以不滯于物，不為物役為最主要的人生哲學(xué)。

【答案】Sinceancienttimes,theChinesenationalitieshaveneverthoughthumanbeingstobesuperiortoanyotherspecies.Theirperformancesinbothphilosophyandliteraturereflectthatmanoccupiesarelativelyappropriateproportionwithallothercreaturesinthenaturalworld,ratherthanbeingthedominantruler.Therefore,generallyspeaking,oursufferingisbasicallylessthanthatofwesternpeople,fortheintensityofone’sdepressionliterallychangesalongwiththemagnitudeofone’sdesireandambition.Aspeopleinanagriculturalsocietyenjoymuchlesserthanthoseinanindustrialsociety,theyhavefewerdesires.Besides,ancientChinesealwaystookitastheirmostmainphilosophyoflifethatoneshouldnotme