考研考博-英語-北京郵電大學世紀學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-北京郵電大學世紀學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.翻譯題

PassageOne

AcapsulehotelisatypeofhotelinJapanwithalargenumberofextremelysmall“rooms”.

Theguestspaceisreducedinsizetoamodularplasticorfiberglassblockroughly2mby1mby1.25m,providingroomtosleep.Facilitiesrangeinentertainmentofferings(mostincludeatelevision,anelectronicconsole,andwirelessinternetconnection).

Thesecapsulesarestackedsidebysideandtwounitstoptobottom,withstepsprovidingaccesstothesecondlevelrooms.Luggageisstoredinalocker,usuallysomewhereoutsideofthehotel.Washroomsarecommunalandmosthotelsincluderestaurants(oratleastvendingmachines),pools,andotherentertainmentfacilities.Thebenefitofthesehotelsisconvenienceandprice,usuallyaround$21-42anight.

Manycapsulesareusedprimarilybymen.Others(especiallyonweekdays)areoftentooinebriatedtosafelytraveltotheirhomes,ortooembarrassedtofacetheirspouseswhentheyareunemployedorunderemployed.

PassageTwo

Youthisnotatimeoflife.Itisastateofmind;itisnotamatterofrosycheeks,redlipsandsuppleknees;itisamatterofthewill,aqualityoftheimagination,avigoroftheemotions;itisthefreshnessofthedeepspringsoflife.

Youthmeansatemperamentalpredominanceofcourageovertimidity,oftheappetiteforadventureovertheloveofease.Thisisoftenexistsinamanof60morethanaboyof20.Nobodygrowsoldmerelybyanumberofyears.Wegrowoldbydesertingourideals.

Yearsmaywrinkletheskin,buttogiveupenthusiasmwrinklesthesoul.Worry,fear,self-distrustbowtheheartandturnthespiritbacktodust.

Whether60or16,thereisineveryhumanbeing’sheartthelureofwonder,theunfailingchildlikeappetiteofwhat’snextandthejoyofthegameofliving.Inthecenterofyourheartandmyheartthereisawirelessstation;solongasitreceivesmessagesofbeauty,hope,cheer,courageandpowerfrommenandfromtheinfinite,youandIwillremainyoung.

Whentheaerialsaredown,andyourspiritiscoveredwithsnowsofcynicismandtheiceofpessimism,thenyouaregrownold,evenat20,butaslongasyouraerialsareuptocatchwavesofoptimism,thereishopeyoumayhaveayoungheartat80.

【答案】PassageOne

【參考譯文】

膠囊旅館是日本一種有許多極小“房間”的旅館。

客人用來睡覺的空間被縮小為大約2米×1米×1.25米的組合式的塑料或玻璃纖維間。設施包括娛樂設備（大多數(shù)包括電視、電子控制臺和無線網(wǎng)連接）。

這些膠囊房間并排堆放，分上下兩層，有臺階通往第二層。行李通常放在旅館房間外的儲物柜里。洗手間是公用的，大多數(shù)旅館都有餐廳(或至少有自動售貨機)、游泳池和其他娛樂設施。這些旅館的好處是方便和低價，通常每晚大概21到42美元。

許多膠囊房間主要為男性使用。還有一些人(尤其是在工作日)常常是因為喝得太醉而無法安全回家，或者是因為沒有工作或者只有部分時間被雇傭而羞于回家面對配偶。

PassageTwo

【參考譯文】

青春不是人生的一個階段。青春是一種心態(tài)；青春不是桃面、丹唇、柔膝；青春是一種意志，是豐富的想象，是熾熱的情感；青春是生命深泉的涌流。

青春意味著在性格上勇敢戰(zhàn)勝懦弱；意味著對冒險的渴望超過對安逸的生活熱愛。相較于20歲的青年，它更常見于80歲的老者。沒有人僅僅因為歲月的流逝就變老，只是因放棄理想而老去。

歲月也許會使肌膚老去，但喪失激情，定會使靈魂枯萎。憂慮、惶恐、沒有自信，會使心靈扭曲，意氣如灰。

無論是60歲還是16歲，每個人的心中都有好奇，都有孩童般對未來的渴望，都有源自生活這場游戲的歡樂。在你我的心底，都有一根天線；只要你從天上人間接受美好、希望、歡樂、勇氣和力量的信號，你我就青春永駐。

一旦天線倒塌，志氣被玩世不恭的霜雪和悲觀厭世的冰層覆蓋，就算才20歲，你也老了；但只要你的天線保持捕捉樂觀的信號，即使到了80歲，你也有希望擁有一顆年輕的心。

2.單選題

Tobetermedscientific,amethodofinquirymustbebasedongatheringobservable,empiricalandmeasurableevidence（

）tospecificprinciplesofreasoning.

問題1選項

A.superfluous

B.scrupulous

C.object

D.subject

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。Superfluous“多余的，不必要的”；scrupulous“細心的，小心謹慎的”；object“目標（名詞）”；subject“易遭受……的，受……支配”。根據(jù)固定搭配subjectto“使服從，受制于”，句意：科學的研究方法必須以收集可觀察的、經(jīng)驗的和可測量的證據(jù)為基礎，并遵循特定的推理原則。選項D符合題意。

3.單選題

Ionlyknowthemanby（

）butIhaveneverspokentohim.

問題1選項

A.chance

B.heart

C.sight

D.experience

【答案】C

【解析】短語辨析。句意:我只是好像和他見過,但沒有和他說過話。

bychance偶然，意外地;byheart憑記憶;bysight面熟;byexperience憑經(jīng)驗。

4.單選題

Realestatedevelopers,smallbusinessesandotherborrowershavecomplainedstrenuouslyinrecentweeksofweakeningsalesandscarcecredit.

問題1選項

A.reluctantly

B.vigorously

C.continually

D.regularly

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.reluctantly不情愿地B.vigorously有力地

C.continually不斷地D.regularly有規(guī)律地，間隙均勻地

【答案】B

【考查點】副詞辨析。

【解題思路】strenuously的意思為“極力地，使勁地”，指的是房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)商、小企業(yè)和其他借款人卯著勁地抱怨，vigorously，與之詞義相近，因此B選項正確。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D選項詞義與之不符。

【句意】房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)商、小企業(yè)和其他借款人最近幾周一直在強烈抱怨銷售疲軟和信貸稀缺。

5.單選題

Itwasaboldideatobuildapowerstationinthedeepvalley,butit（）aswellaswehadhoped.

問題1選項

A.cameoff

B.wentoff

C.broughtout

D.madeout

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項comeoff“成功，實現(xiàn)”；B選項gooff“離開，變質”；C選項bringout“出版，生產(chǎn)”；D選項makeout“辨認出，理解”。根據(jù)句意：在深谷里建發(fā)電站是個大膽的想法，但結果與我們原來所希望的一樣。也就說，這個想法得到實現(xiàn)，所以選項A符合語境。

6.單選題

OnNewYear’sEve,NewYorkCityholdsanoutdoor（

）whichattractsacrowdofamillionormorepeople.

問題1選項

A.incident

B.event

C.case

D.affair

【答案】B

【解析】同義詞辨析題。四個詞都有事件的意思，incident指的是突發(fā)的，概率較小的事件；event指大型的活動或事件；case一般指案件；affair一般指私事。

句意：在新年前夕，紐約市舉行了一場戶外活動，吸引了100多萬人參加。根據(jù)參加的人數(shù)可推測活動規(guī)模之大，所以選項B更恰當。

7.單選題

Shealwayshandledtheproblems（）herownexperienceandprinciples.

問題1選項

A.inthelightof

B.intheeventof

C.inthefaceof

D.inthecourseof

【答案】A

【解析】介詞詞組辨析。inthelightof根據(jù)，按照；intheeventof如果……發(fā)生；inthefaceof面臨，面對；inthecourseof在……過程中。句意：她總是根據(jù)自己的經(jīng)驗和原則來處理問題。選項A符合句意。

8.單選題

1.Gettingtoolittlesleepforseveralnightsinarowdisruptshundredsofgenesthatareessentialforgoodhealth,includingthoselinkedtostressandfightingdisease.Testsonpeoplewhosleptlessthansixhoursanightforaweekrevealedsubstantialchangesintheactivityofgenesthatgoverntheimmunesystem,metabolism,sleepandwakecycles,andthebody’sresponsetostress,suggestingthatpoorsleepcouldhaveabroadimpactonlong?termwellbeing.

2.Thechanges,whichaffectedmorethan700genes,mayshedlightonthebiologicalmechanismsthatraisetheriskofahostofailments,includingheartdisease,diabetes,obesity,stressanddepression,inpeoplewhogettoolittlesleep.’’Thesurpriseforuswasthatarelativelymodestdifferenceinsleepdurationleadstothesekindsofchanges,"saidProfessorDijk,directoroftheSurreySleepResearchCentreatSurreyUniversity,wholedthestudy.“It’sanindicationthatsleepdisruptionorsleeprestrictionisdoingmorethanjustmakingpeopletired.”

3.Previousstudieshavesuggestedthatpeoplewhosleeplessthanfivehoursanighthavea15%greaterriskofdeathfromallcausesthanpeopleofthesameagewhogetagoodnight’ssleep.InonesurveyofworkersinBritainmorethan5%claimedtosleepnomorethanfivehoursanight.AnothersurveypublishedintheUSin2010foundthatnearly30%ofpeopleclaimedtosleepnomorethansixhoursanight.

4.ProfessorDijk’steamasked14menand12women,allhealthyandagedbetween23and31years,toliveunderlaboratoryconditionsatthesleepcentrefor12days.Eachvolunteervisitedthecentreontwoseparateoccasions.Duringonevisit,theyspent10hoursanightinbedforaweek.Intheother,theywereallowedonlysixhoursinbedanight.Attheendofeachweek,theywerekeptawakeforadayandnight,oraround39to41hours.UsingEEG(electroencephalography)sensors,thescientistsfoundthatthoseonthe10hours-per-nightweeksleptaround8.5hoursanight,whilethoselimitedtosixhoursinbedeachnightgotonaverage5hoursand42minutesofsleep.

5.Thetimespentasleephadahugeeffectontheactivityofgenes,pickedupfrombloodtestsonthevolunteers,accordingtoareportintheUSjournalProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.Amongthesleep-deprived,theactivityof444geneswassuppressed,while267genesweremoreactivethaninthosewhosleptforalongertime.

6.Changesingenesthatcontrolmetabolismmighttriggerorexacerbateconditionssuchasdiabetesorobesity,whiledisruptionofothergenes,suchasthosethatgovernthebody’sinflammatoryresponse,mighthaveanimpactonheartdisease.Additionalgenesthatwereaffectedhavebeenlinkedtostressandaging.Sleeplossalsohadadramaticeffectongenesthatgovernthebody'sbiologicalclock,suggestingthatpoorsleepmighttriggeraviciouscycleofworseningsleepdisruption.Thetestsshowedthatpeoplewhosleptfor8.5hoursanighthadaround1,855geneswhoseactivityroseandfellovera24-hourcycle.Butinthesleep-deprived,nearly400ofthesestoppedcyclingcompletely.Theremainderroseandfellinkeepingwiththebiologicalclock,butoveramuchsmallerrange."Thereisafeedbacklinkbetweenwhatyoudotoyoursleepandhowthataffectsyourcircadianclock.Thatwillbeveryimportantinfutureinvestigations,”saidDijk.

7.Theresearchersdidnotcheckhowlongittookforgenestoreturntotheirnormallevelsofactivityinthesleep-deprivedvolunteers,buttheyhopetodosoinlaterstudies.Thoughscoresofgenesweredisruptedinthesleep-deprived,thescientistscannotsaywhetherthosechangesareaharmlessshorttermresponsetopoorsleep,asignofthebodyadaptingtosleep-deprivation,orarepotentiallyharmfultohealth.

8.JamesHome,professorofpsychophysiologyatLoughboroughUniversity’sSleepResearchCentre,said:"Thepotentialperilsof’sleepdebt’intoday'ssocietyandtheneedforeighthoursofsleepanightareoftenoverplayedandcancauseundueworry.Althoughthisimportantstudyseemstosupportthisconcern,theparticipantshadtheirsleepsuddenlyrestrictedtoanunusuallylowlevel,whichmusthavebeensomewhatstressfulWe

mustbecarefulnottogeneralizesuchfindingsto,say,habitualsix-hoursleeperswhoarehappywiththeirsleep.Besides,sleepcanadapttosomechange,andshouldalsobejudgedonitsquality,notsimplyonitstotalamount.”

1.BasedonwhatisreportedintextA,Prof.Dijkseemstohavechosenthevolunteersforhissleepexperiments（

）.

2.TheresearchdescribedintextA（

）.

3.Theuseoftheverbtoclaiminparagraph3indicatesthattheresearchers（

）.

4.WhenthesleepresearcherswhoseworkisthefocusoftextAneededtofindouthowmuchsleeptheirhumanexperimentalsubjectsweregetting,they（

）.

5.AccordingtotextA,DrDijk'sresearchindicatesthatobesity（

）.

6.Prof.Home’sremarks(paragraph8)（

）.

問題1選項

A.primarilyfromamonguniversityundergraduateswithagreatdealoffreetime.

B.fromanagegroupinwhichphysicalgrowthhadendedandmajorundetectedhealthproblemswereunlikelytobepresent.

C.fromarandomassortmentofBritishpeople.

D.fromamongthepeoplemostlikelytosufferfrominterruptedsleeporothersleepingproblems.

問題2選項

A.usefullyconfirmstheworkofearlierresearchersbutofferslittlethatisnew.

B.offersbiologicalclarificationofresearchdoneearlier.

C.contradictstheresultsofearlierresearch.

D.ispioneeringworkofakindneverdonebefore.

問題3選項

A.aresurethatthesleepdataareaccurate.

B.havenoreasonnottobelievethatthesleepdataarecorrect.

C.thinkthatthereislittlereasontoacceptthesleepdata.

D.cannotbeabsolutelysurethatthesleepdataareaccurate.

問題4選項

A.usedtechnicalmeanstoworkouthowmuchthevolunteershadreallyslept.

B.watchedthesleepingvolunteersinthelabtoseehowlongtheyslept.

C.estimatedthefiguresbyaveragingsleepdataarrivedatbyvariousmeans.

D.reliedonstatementsmadebythevolunteersusedintheexperiments.

問題5選項

A.isthedirectresultofgettingtoolittlesleep.

B.maybethedirectresultofnotgettingenoughsleep.

C.mayresultfromorbeworsenedbyalterationsinthegenesofpeoplewhogettoolittlesleep.

D.cannotbeshowntohaveanyreasonabledirectorindirectconnectionwithsleepingpatterns.

問題6選項

A.cautionreadersnottoconcludetoomuchfromProf.Dijk’sfindings

B.emphasizetheimportanceforallhumanbeingsofgetting8hoursofsleepnightly

C.warnthatdangerousstressistheinevitableresultofgettingtoolittlesleep

D.underlinetheimportanceandvalueofProf.Dijk'sresearch

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

第6題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題干意思“基于文章A中的陳述，教授Dijk為自己的睡眠實驗選擇的自愿者似乎…”定位至第四段“ProfessorDijk'steamasked14menand12women,allhealthyandagedbetween23and31years...教授Dijk的團隊要求身體都健康且年齡介于23至31歲的14位男人和12位女人……”,由此可知知B項“來自身體發(fā)育已停止且不太可能有主要的未被發(fā)現(xiàn)的健康問題的年齡群體”正確。

2.細節(jié)事實題。由第二段中“Thechanges,whichaffectedmorethan700genes,may

shedlightonthebiologicalmechanismsthatraisetheriskofahostofailments,includingheartdisease,diabetes,obesity,stressanddepression,inpeoplewhogettoolittlesleep.這些對超過700個基因有影響的變化可能讓人明白睡覺過少的人患上如心臟病、糖尿病、肥胖、壓力和抑郁等疾病風險增加的生物學機制?！奔暗谌沃小癙reviousstudieshavesuggestedthatpeoplewhosleeplessthanfivehoursanighthavea15%greaterriskofdeathfromallcausesthanpeopleofthesameagewhogetagoodnight’ssleep.先前的研究顯示，每晚睡眠少于5小時的人相比睡好覺的同齡人死于各種原因的風險增加了15%。”的對應關系知B項“為早些時候的研究提供了生物學上的闡明”正確。

3.詞義題。claim本意指“要求；聲稱”及它在第三段的主語分別是“英國工人”和“在美國接受調研的人”,由此推測claim這個詞的使用表明研究者對睡眠對聲稱的睡眠數(shù)據(jù)不能確定，由此知D項“不能完全確定這些睡眠數(shù)據(jù)是精確的”正確。

4.細節(jié)事實題。第四段指出:UsingEEG(electroencephalography)sensors,thescientistsfoundthatthoseonthe10hours-per-nightweeksleptaround8.5hoursanight，...(通過使用腦電圖傳感器，科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)每晚睡覺十個小時的人每晚大約睡覺8.5個小時。由此可知A項“用技術方式去算出志愿者們真正睡眠時間是多久”正確。

5.C細節(jié)事實題。第二段的第一句指出:這些對超過700個基因有影響的變化可能讓人明白睡覺過少的人患上如心臟病、糖尿病、肥胖、壓力和抑郁等疾病風險增加的生物學機制。第六段:Changesingenesthatcontrolmetabolismmighttriggerorexacerbateconditionssuchasdiabetesorobesity,...控制新陳代謝的基因發(fā)生的變化可能會引發(fā)或加劇如糖尿病或肥胖等情況……,可知c項“可能被睡覺很少的人的基因變化引起或惡化”正確。

6.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干定位至第八段:Wemustbecarefulnottogeneralizesuchfindingsto,say,habitualsix-hoursleeperswhoarehappywiththeirsleep(我們必須小心避免去推廣這些發(fā)現(xiàn)，如不能將這些發(fā)現(xiàn)推廣到習慣六小時睡眠而對自己睡眠滿意人身上),可知A項“告誡讀者不要從教授Dijk的發(fā)現(xiàn)上推斷太多”正確。

9.單選題

Mr.Greenhasrecentlybeen（

）ofthecompany.

問題1選項

A.appointedtopresident.

B.appointedpresident

C.appointedapresident

D.appointedthepresident

【答案】B

【解析】句意:格林先生最近升任公司董事長了。

語法題。考查冠詞。根據(jù)冠詞的語法規(guī)則,職位前不加冠詞。而且appoint是及物動詞,后面直接接賓語president。故選B.

10.單選題

Agreatamountofworkliasgoneinto（）theCathedraltoitsprevioussplendor.

問題1選項

A.refreshing

B.restoring

C.renovating

D.renewing

【答案】B

【解析】句意:大量的工作已經(jīng)投入,為了使這個大教堂恢復到其以前的華麗。

考查動詞辨析。四個選項均為對應動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。refresh更新，使精力恢復，使得到補充；restore恢復，修復；restoreto使恢復到…；renovate更新，修復，革新，刷新；renew使更新，續(xù)借，復興。由題干中關鍵詞“toitsprevioussplendor到其以前的華麗”可知B項正確。

11.填空題

Actingissuchanovercrowdedprofessionthattheonlyadvicethatshouldbegiventoayoungpersonthinkingofgoingonthestageis"Don't!"Butitisuselesstotrytodiscouragesomeone（1）feelsthathemustact,althoughthechancesofhisbecomingfamousare（2）.Thenormalwaytobeginistogotoadramaschool.Usuallyonlystudentswhoshowpromiseand（3）areaccepted,andthecourselaststwoyears.Thentheyoung（4）oractresstakesupworkwithaplaycompany,usuallyasassistantstagemanager.Thismeans（5）everythingthatthereistodointhetheatre:paintingscenery,lookingafterthefurniture,takingcareoftheclothes,andevenactinginverysmallparts.Itisvery（6）workindeed,thehoursarelongandthesalaryistiny.Butyoungactorswiththestageintheirbloodare（7）,waitingforthechanceofworkingwithabettercompany,orperhapsinfilmsortelevision.

Ofcourse,somepeoplehaveunusualchances,whichleadto（8）andsuccess（9）thislonganddulltraining.ConniePratt,forexample,wasjustanordinarygirlworkinginabicyclefactory.Afilmproducerhappenedto（10）sightofheronemorningwaitingatabusstop,ashe（11）pastinhisbigcar.Hetoldthebusdrivertostop,andhegotouttospeaktothegirl.Heaskedher（12）shewouldliketogotothefilmcompanytodoatest,andatfirstshethoughthewasjoking.Thenshegotangryandsaidshewouldcallthepolice.Ittooktheproducer（13）minutestotellConniethathewasserious.Thenanappointmentwasmadeforhertogotothecompanythenextday.Thetestwassuccessful.Theygavehersomenecessarylessonsandwithinafewweeksshewasplayingtheleading（14）inafilm,whichmadeherwell-knownovernight（15）thecountry.Ofcourse,shewasgivenadramaticname,whichisnowworldfamous.Butchanceslikethishappenonceinabluemoon!

【答案】1.who

2.small

3.talent

4.actor

5.doing

6.hard

7.happy

8.fame

9.without

10.catch

11.drove

12.if

13.twenty

14.part

15.throughout

【解析】1.后文“feelsthathemustact”為someone的后置定語，此處缺關系代詞，故選“who”。

2.整句話的含義為：試圖阻止那些自認為他必須演戲的人是沒用的，盡管成名的機會…“Although”表轉折關系，由此可推斷“成名機會很小”符合邏輯，故選“small”。

3.“and”表并列，故此處應選擇與“promise希望”同類名詞，選項中“talent天賦”符合要求。

4.“or或者”表并列，故此處應選擇與“actress女演員”的同類名詞，故選“actor男演員”。

5.“meandoingsth.意味著做某事”，故此處選“doing”。

6.前文提到作為舞臺監(jiān)督助理需要承擔的一系列工作，以及后文提到工作時間長，薪水少，可知“這份工作很辛苦”，故選“hard辛苦的”。

7.“But但是”表轉折，此處填入的詞應與前文“辛苦的工作”形成反差，“happy”符合邏輯，整句話的含義為：但是這些將演戲融入自己血液的年輕人是快樂的，他們在等待機會去一個更好的公司或者出演電影電視。故選“happy”。

8.“and”表并列，此處應選擇與“success成功”同類名詞，故選“fame名氣”。

9.前文提到“有些人因獲得不尋常的機會而成名”和后文普通女孩ConniePratt的例子可知她“沒有經(jīng)過漫長且枯燥的訓練”，故選“without沒有”。

10.“catchsightofsb.看見某人”為固定短語，故選“catch”。

11.后文提到“inhisbigcar在他的大車中”，可推測此處應選擇與“車子”相關的詞，“drivepast”即“駕車駛過”，符合原文，本句描述過去發(fā)生的事件，故選drive的過去式“drove”。

12.根據(jù)語境及整句話含義“他問她（ConniePratt）…想去電影公司做測試，開始ConniePratt覺得他在開玩笑…”推斷此處選“if是否”。

13.由下文“minutes分鐘”可知這里需要選擇一個描述時間的量詞，故選數(shù)詞“twenty”。

14.“playtheleadingpart擔任主角”為固定短語，“part”此處為“角色”的意思。

15.“throughoutthecountry全國”為固定短語，故選“throughout遍及”。

12.單選題

Inschoolexaminationscertainsubjectsareoptional.

問題1選項

A.notdifficult

B.notnecessary

C.nottobechosen

D.notcompulsory

【答案】D

【解析】optional意為“可選擇的，隨意的”。notcompulsory非強制的，選項D與原句所表達的意思相符。

13.單選題

NeptuneisaboutthirtytimesasfarfromtheSun（）.

問題1選項

A.istheEarth

B.theEarthis

C.isastheEarth

D.asistheEarth

【答案】D

【解析】考查倍數(shù)的表達方式。倍數(shù)+as...as...，首先排除選項A和B，前后結構保持一致，所以選項D正確。

14.單選題

Thenewspaperdidnotmentionthe（

）ofthedamagecausedbythefire.

問題1選項

A.range

B.level

C.extent

D.quality

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項range“（變動或浮動的）范圍”；B選項level“水平，水準”；C選項extent“程度”；D選項“質量，品質”。根據(jù)damage可知C選項符合邏輯，表示“損失程度”。句意：報紙沒有提到火災造成的損失程度。

15.單選題

Theprodigalson（

）hislargeinheritanceinafewyearsofheavyspending.

問題1選項

A.inherited

B.received

C.accumulated

D.dissipated

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析。句意:揮霍的兒子將他繼承的一大筆錢在幾年之內就揮霍完了。

inherited繼承;經(jīng)遺傳而得。received接受；迎接。accumulated累積。dissipated消散；浪費。

16.單選題

Mostpeoplecan’tget（）thedaywithoutatleastonecupofteaorcoffee.

問題1選項

A.on

B.over

C.through

D.by

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配。句意:沒有一杯茶或者咖啡,大多數(shù)人都無法清醒地過完這一天。getthrough表示“度過,熬過”。所以選項C正確。

17.單選題

Soldiersactin（

）totheordersoftheirofficers.

問題1選項

A.obligation

B.objection

C.offence

D.obedience

【答案】D

【解析】句意:士兵們遵照上級軍官的命令行動。

短語辨析。Inobligationto有義務;inobjectionto反對;inoffenceto違反;inobedienceto遵照,服從。故選D。

18.單選題

（）thedisappearanceoftheMayanempire,therearestillMayansintheregioninwhichtheyonceinhabited.

問題1選項

A.Although

B.As

C.But

D.For

【答案】A

【解析】考查讓步狀語從句。句意：盡管瑪雅帝國消失，但是，他們曾經(jīng)居住的地區(qū)仍然有瑪雅人。結合語境，“therearestillMayans仍然還有瑪雅人”與“disappearance消失”是對比關系，后半句是完整的句子，故A為正確答案。

19.單選題

Sinceprivateshareholderscannotbeexpectedto______thewidergoalsofsocietyasawhole,publicownershipmaythenbeinevitable.

問題1選項

A.intensify

B.undermine

C.rip

D.subsidize

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項intensify“增強，強化，變激烈”，B項undermine“破壞，漸漸破壞，挖掘地基”，C項rip“撕，鋸”，D項subsidize“資助，給予獎助金”。由privateshareholders“私人股東”和thewidergoalsofsociety“更廣泛的社會目標”可知，四個選項中只有A項符合語境。句意：既然不能指望私人股東強化整個社會的更廣泛目標，那么公有制可能就不可避免了。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

20.單選題

Theking'sdaughterthreatenedtodrinkthechemicalifherefusedherrequest.

問題1選項

A.deadly

B.deathly

C.fatal

D.mortal

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：國王的女兒威脅國王說，如果不同意她的要求，就喝下毒藥。A選項deadlyadj.致命地，非常地，表示致死的可能性極大，用于能引起死亡的事物，如：adeadlydisease是通常會致死的疾病。B選項deathlyadj.死一般的，讓人想到死亡的，如：adeathlysilence死一般的寂靜。fatal強調命運或必然性，用來形容導致毀滅，災難，死亡的潛在或實際原因。在預測未來時，多用fatal。而mortal是死亡已經(jīng)發(fā)生或一定會發(fā)生，因此該詞只用于事實上已經(jīng)引起死亡或即將引起死亡的事物。此處是表示“致命的東西”，因此，A項是正確答案。

21.單選題

IthasbeenannouncedthatphysicistsfromdifferentcountrieswillgatherinNewYorkfora____nextmonth.

問題1選項

A.symphony

B.symmetry

C.symposium

D.symptom

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.symphony交響樂B.symmetry對稱（性）

C.symposium研討會D.symptom征兆

【考查點】語義銜接與形近詞辨析

【解題思路】前文提到“來自不同國家的物理學家聚集到一起”，而空格處所填詞是他們聚集到一起的目的，C選項symposium“研討會”最符合語義邏輯。

【干擾項排除】A、B、D選項均為symposium“研討會”的形近詞，但都不能使原句前后語義銜接。

【句意】據(jù)通知，來自不同國家的物理學家將于下個月聚集在紐約參加一個研討會。

22.單選題

Thehumannoseisanunderratedtool.Humansareoftenthoughttobeinsensitivesmelterscomparedwithanimals,21thisislargelybecause,22animals,westandupright.Thismeansthatournosesare23toperceivingthosesmellswhichfloatthroughtheair,24__themajorityofsmellswhichsticktosurfaces.Infact,__25__,weareextremelysensitivetosmells,__26wedonotgenerallyrealizeit.Ournosesarecapableof27humansmellsevenwhentheseare28tofarbelowonepartinonemillion.

Strangely,somepeoplefindthattheycansmellonetypeofflowerbutnotanother,__29__othersaresensitivetothesmellsofbothflowers.Thismaybebecausesomepeopledonothavethegenesnecessarytogenerate30smellreceptorsinthenose,Thesereceptorsarethecellswhichsensesmellsandsend31tothebrain,However,ithasbeenfoundthatevenpeopleinsensitivetoacertainsmell32cansuddenlybecomesensitivetoitwhen33toitoftenenough.

Theexplanationforinsensitivitytosmellseemstobethatbrainfindsit34tokeepallsmellreceptorsworkingallthetimebutcan35newreceptorsifnecessary.Thismay__36__explainwhywearenotusuallysensitivetoourownsmells—wesimplydonotneedtobe.Wearenot37oftheusualsmellofourownhousebutwe38newsmellswhenwevisitsomeoneelse’s.Thebrainfindsitbesttokeepsmellreceptors39forunfamiliarandemergencysignals__40__thesmellofsmoke,whichmightindicatethedangeroffire.

問題1選項

A.although

B.as

C.but

D.while

問題2選項

A.above

B.unlike

C.excluding

D.besides

問題3選項

A.limited

B.committed

C.dedicated

D.confined

問題4選項

A.catching

B.ignoring

C.missing

D.tracking

問題5選項

A.anyway

B.though

C.instead

D.therefore

問題6選項

A.evenif

B.ifonly

C.onlyif

D.asif

問題7選項

A.distinguishing

B.discovering

C.determining

D.detecting

問題8選項

A.diluted

B.dissolved

C.dispersed

D.diffused

問題9選項

A.when

B.since

C.for

D.whereas

問題10選項

A.unusual

B.particular

C.unique

D.typical

問題11選項

A.signs

B.stimuli

C.messages

D.impulses

問題12選項

A.atfirst

B.atall

C.atlarge

D.attimes

問題13選項

A.subjected

B.left

C.drawn

D.exposed

問題14選項

A.ineffective

B.incompetent

C.inefficient

D.insufficient

問題15選項

A.introduce