考研考博-英語-云南中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-云南中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.翻譯題

TheChinesepresenceinthecoloniesstirredmanyAustraliananxieties.AustraliancolonistslikedtothinkofthemselvesasBritish,buttheybegantoseetheywereBritishinstrangegeo-politicalsurroundings.TheysuspectedAustraliamightbeonagreatChinesefloodplain.ItwasclearlywellwithinreachofChineseinfluence.California,anothergoldrushsociety,hadalsoexperiencedasubstantialinfluxofChinese.TherealizationgrewthatAustraliashouldnotlookjusttoBritain.ItsharedstrategicinterestswithotherwhitecommunitiesinthePacific,especiallywithAmerica.Butthepacificwasacontestedocean.Fromthe1880s,itwasincreasinglyapparentthatChinaandJapanwerealsonearbyPacificnations.

(1)ThepresenceofsomanyChineseintensifieddebateonthepotentialcharacterofAustraliansociety.Potentconcernshaddevelopedaboutcivicvaluesingoldrushcommunities,concernsaggravatedbyAustralia'sconvictorigins.Goldwasaseductive,richlymythologizedsubstance.ItsdiscoveryintheAustraliancoloniespublicizedtheirpotentialmorethananythingelsehadyetdone.Goldattractedayoung,cosmopolitan,ambitious,predominantlywhitemalepopulation,oftenimbuedwithadvanceddemocraticviews.YetasDavidGoodmanhasshown,thisinfluxstirredanxietiesaboutthemoralstabilityofthesegold-seekingcommunities.Agold-obsessedsocietyappearedapoorfoundationforastableculturedsociety.Manysocialcommentatorsfoundtheprospectthatworkingmencouldgainsuddenwealthinthiswayverydisturbing.Wouldpeoplestillvalueachievementswroughtbysteadylabourandindustrioushabits?Whatwouldhappentomoralvalues?(2)Therewasanothermoredisturbingthought.IfAustraliacouldproduceonlytheserough,uncivilizedcommunities,mightitnotlosethemoralauthoritybywhichAustralians,claimingtherightsofasuperiorculture,soughtexclusiveaccesstothecontinent?WereAustraliansstillworthyoftheirimmenseopportunities?

QuestionsoftenureandentitlementwereintensifiedbythedispossessionoftheAustralianAborigines.OneofthemainjustificationsusedatthattimefortakingoverAboriginallandcamefromthebeliefthattheywereaprimitive,nomadicpeoplewithnofixedsettlementsorhabitsofagriculture.Itwasthoughtthattheydidnotvaluetheirlandandhadnocapacitytodevelopit(3)Oneofthetroublingparadoxesofgoldseekingpopulationswasthattheyalsowereahighlymobilewanderingtribe,insomewayssimilartotheAboriginestheysoughttodisplace.AnxietiesaboutthecontinuityofwhitesettlementinAustraliaintensifiedimpulsestovilifyAboriginesandtokeepAsiansout.Themajorquestionrevolvedaroundentitlementtotheland.(4)Inthebluntlanguageofthelatenineteenthcentury,ifwhitehadreplacedblackbecauseblackwasnotdevelopingthecontinent,whyshouldyellownotreplacewhiteonpreciselythesamegrounds?IfEuropeancommunitiesinAustraliawerenotseentobecivilizedandproductive,thecaseforsoletenureofAustraliabywhitesmightbeseriouslyweakened.

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage,andthentranslatetheunderlinedpartsnumberedfrom(1)to(4),fromEnglishintoChinese.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】（1）這么多中國(guó)人的出現(xiàn)加劇了這場(chǎng)關(guān)于澳大利亞社會(huì)潛在性格的爭(zhēng)論。淘金社區(qū)的公民價(jià)值觀引起了人們強(qiáng)烈的關(guān)注,這種關(guān)注又因澳大利亞人原本就是罪犯的后裔而變得更為嚴(yán)重。黃金是一種充滿誘惑而又富有神話色彩的物質(zhì)。

（2）還有另一種更令人不安的思想。如果澳大利亞只能形成這些粗俗而又不文明的社區(qū),那么對(duì)于聲稱享有優(yōu)等文化權(quán)利的澳大利亞人來說,難道不會(huì)丟失他們建立在找到通往澳洲大陸的獨(dú)有途徑上的那份道德權(quán)威嗎？澳大利亞人仍然值得擁有巨大的機(jī)遇嗎？

（3）淘金社區(qū)的人們有一個(gè)令人煩惱的悖論,即他們也是高度漂移的部落,這在某些方面類似于他們?cè)噲D取代的土著居民。因?yàn)閾?dān)憂白人殖民者在澳大利亞定居的連續(xù)性,促使他們對(duì)土著居民進(jìn)行誹謗和驅(qū)逐亞洲人。

（4）用十九世紀(jì)末生硬的語言來講,如果白人取代黑人是因?yàn)楹谌藳]有發(fā)展澳洲大陸,那么為什么依據(jù)同樣的理由黃色人就不應(yīng)該去取代白人呢？如果在澳大利亞的歐洲社區(qū)不被看作是文明并富有成效的,完全由白人統(tǒng)治澳大利亞的狀況就有可能被嚴(yán)重削弱。

2.單選題

Herushedintothehouseandsavedtheboyout,（

）theintensefire.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.irrespectiveof

B.insteadof

C.infrontof

D.incase

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。irrespectiveof不管…，不顧；insteadof代替，而不是；infrontof在…之前；incaseof在…的情況下。句意：他不顧烈火沖進(jìn)了房子并救出了那個(gè)男孩。A項(xiàng)符合題意，答案A。

3.單選題

Theinterrelationshipofscience,technology,andindustryistakenforgrantedtoday---summedup,notaltogetheraccurately,as“researchanddevelopment”.Yethistoricallythiswidespreadfaithintheeconomicvirtuesofscienceisarelativelyrecentphenomenon,datingbackintheUnitedStatesabout150years,andintheWesternworldasawholenotover300yearsatmost.Eveninthiscurrenteraoflargescale,intensiveresearchanddevelopment,theinterrelationshipsinvolvedinthisprocessarefrequentlymisunderstood.UntilthecomingoftheIndustrialRevolution,scienceandtechnologyevolvedforthemostpartindependentlyofeachother.Thenasindustrializationbecameincreasinglycomplicated,thecrafttechniquesofpreindustrialsocietygraduallygavewaytoatechnologybasedonthesystematicapplicationofscientificknowledgeandscientificmethods.Thischangeoverstartedslowlyandprogressedunevenly.Untillateinthenineteenthcentury,onlyafewindustriescouldusescientifictechniquesorcaredaboutusingthem.Thelistexpandednoticeablyafter1870，buteventhenmuchofwhatpassedfortheapplicationofsciencewas“engineeringscience”ratherthanbasicscience.Nevertheless,bythemiddleofthenineteenthcentury,therapidexpansionofscientificknowledgeandofpublicawareness---ifnotunderstanding—ofithadcreatedabeliefthattheadvanceofsciencewouldinsomeunspecifiedmannerautomaticallygenerateeconomicbenefits.Thewidespreadandusuallyuncriticalacceptanceofthisthesisledinturntotheassumptionthattheapplicationofsciencetoindustrialpurposeswasalinearprocess,startingwithfundamentalscience,thenproceedingtoappliedscienceortechnology,andthroughthemtoindustrialuse.Thisisprobablythemostcommonpattern,butitisnotinvariable.Newareasofsciencehavebeenopenedupandfundamentaldiscoveriesmadeasaresultofattemptstosolveaspecifictechnicaloreconomicproblem.Conversely,scientistswhomainlydobasicresearchalsoserveasconsultantsonprojectsthatapplyresearchinpracticalways.Insum,thescience-technology-industryrelationshipmayflowinseveraldifferentways,andtheparticularchannelitwillfollowdependsontheindividualsituation.Itmayattimesevenbemultidirectional.

1.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinthepassage?

2.The“l(fā)ist”mentionedinline13refersto（）.

3.Theunderstandingofresearchanddevelopmentinthelatenineteenthcentury-isbasedonwhichofthefollowing?

4.Whydoestheauthormention“consultants”inline26?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoesthepassagesupport?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Tocorrectmisunderstandingsabouttheconnectionsbetweenscience,technology,andindustry

B.Todescribethescientificbaseofnineteenth-centuryAmericanindustries

C.Toshowhowtechnologyinfluencedbasicscience

D.Toarguethatbasicsciencehasnopracticalapplication

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.typesofscientificknowledge

B.changesbroughtbytechnology

C.industriesthatusedscientifictechniques

D.applicationsofengineeringscience

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Engineeringscienceisnotveryimportant.

B.Industrialneedsshoulddeterminewhatareasfundamentalsciencefocuseson.

C.Therelationshipbetweenresearchanddevelopmentshouldbecriticized.

D.Fundamentalsciencenaturallyleadstoeconomicbenefits.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Toshowhownewareasofsciencehavegivenrisetonewprofessions

B.Todistinguishbetweenscientistswhoworkinindustryandthosewhodonot

C.Toshowhowscientistswhoworkinbasicresearchcontributetoappliedscience

D.Toexplainthewaysinwhichscientistsfindfinancialsupportfortheirwork

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thedevelopmentofscienceandofindustryisnowinterdependent.

B.Basicscientificresearchcannotgeneratepracticalapplications.

C.Industriesshouldspendlessmoneyonresearchanddevelopment.

D.Scienceandtechnologyarebecomingmoreseparate.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.作者意圖題。由文章開頭“Theinterrelationshipofscience,technology,andindustryistakenforgrantedtoday---summedup,notaltogetheraccurately,as“researchanddevelopment”…Eveninthiscurrenteraoflargescale,intensiveresearchanddevelopment,theinterrelationshipsinvolvedinthisprocessarefrequentlymisunderstood.科學(xué)、技術(shù)和工業(yè)之間的相互關(guān)系在今天被認(rèn)為是理所當(dāng)然的——不能完全準(zhǔn)確地概括為“研究和開發(fā)”……即使在當(dāng)今這個(gè)大規(guī)模、密集的研究和開發(fā)的時(shí)代，這個(gè)過程中所涉及的相互關(guān)系也常常被誤解?！币约氨疚淖詈笠痪洹癐nsum,thescience-technology-industryrelationshipmayflowinseveraldifferentways,andtheparticularchannelitwillfollowdependsontheindividualsituation.Itmayattimesevenbemultidirectional.總之，科技-工業(yè)關(guān)系可能以幾種不同的方式流動(dòng)，它所遵循的特定渠道取決于個(gè)人情況。它有時(shí)甚至是多向的?！笨芍髡唛_頭即點(diǎn)明人們對(duì)科學(xué)，技術(shù)，工業(yè)的相互關(guān)系的誤解，最后一句也點(diǎn)明這三者之間正變得越來越疏遠(yuǎn)。作者的意圖在于澄清人們對(duì)這三者之間的誤解。故A項(xiàng)正確。

2.詞義題。由題干定位到“Untillateinthenineteenthcentury,onlyafewindustriescouldusescientifictechniquesorcaredaboutusingthem.Thelistexpandednoticeablyafter1870…直到19世紀(jì)后期，只有少數(shù)幾個(gè)行業(yè)能夠使用科學(xué)技術(shù)或關(guān)心使用它們。1870年后，這一名單顯著擴(kuò)大”由此可知list是指代上文提到的“使用科學(xué)技術(shù)的行業(yè)”。故C項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)試題題。由題干定位到“Nevertheless,bythemiddleofthenineteenthcentury,therapidexpansionofscientificknowledgeandofpublicawareness---ifnotunderstanding—ofithadcreatedabeliefthattheadvanceofsciencewouldinsomeunspecifiedmannerautomaticallygenerateeconomicbenefits.盡管如此，到19世紀(jì)中葉，科學(xué)知識(shí)和公眾意識(shí)（如果不是理解的話）的迅速擴(kuò)展使人們相信，科學(xué)的進(jìn)步將以某種未指明的方式自動(dòng)地產(chǎn)生經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。由此可知人們相信科學(xué)進(jìn)步能夠帶來經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。故D項(xiàng)正確。

4.判斷推理題。由題干定位到“Conversely,scientistswhomainlydobasicresearchalsoserveasconsultantsonprojectsthatapplyresearchinpracticalways.相反地，主要從事基礎(chǔ)研究的科學(xué)家也擔(dān)任顧問，從事以實(shí)際方式應(yīng)用研究的項(xiàng)目。”從事基礎(chǔ)研究的科學(xué)家也兼顧應(yīng)用研究，可知作者想表明科學(xué)家對(duì)應(yīng)用研究的貢獻(xiàn)。故C項(xiàng)正確。

5.判斷推理題。由本文最后一句“Insum,thescience-technology-industryrelationshipmayflowinseveraldifferentways,andtheparticularchannelitwillfollowdependsontheindividualsituation.Itmayattimesevenbemultidirectional.總之，科學(xué)-技術(shù)-工業(yè)關(guān)系可能以幾種不同的方式流動(dòng)，它所遵循的特定渠道取決于個(gè)人情況。它有時(shí)甚至是多向的?！笨芍狣項(xiàng)“科學(xué)和技術(shù)正變得越來越分離開”與該內(nèi)容相符。故D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)與此內(nèi)容不符。B項(xiàng)“基本科學(xué)研究不能產(chǎn)生實(shí)際應(yīng)用”文中沒提到；C項(xiàng)“工業(yè)應(yīng)該在研究和發(fā)展上少花點(diǎn)錢”文中也沒提到。

4.單選題

Thefactthatthegoldeneagleusuallybuildsitsnestonsomehighcliffs（

）italmostimpossibletoobtaintheeggsortheyoungbirds.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.renders

B.reckons

C.regards

D.relates

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)render“致使”；B選項(xiàng)reckon“計(jì)算；認(rèn)為，把……看作”；C選項(xiàng)regard“看待，認(rèn)為”；D選項(xiàng)relate“有聯(lián)系，連接”。句意：金雕通常將巢筑在高高的懸崖上，這一事實(shí)使得獲取鳥蛋或小鳥幾乎不可能。結(jié)合句意，可知A選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Thosefiguresarenotconsistent（

）theresultsobtainedinpreviousexperiments.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.with

C.for

D.in

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。beconsistentwith意為“與……一致，與……符合”。

句意：數(shù)據(jù)與之前的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果不一致。

6.單選題

Thelittlegirlcouldnot（）hercuriositytoseewhatwasinthebox.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.restrain

B.retrain

C.abandon

D.prevent

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)restrain“抑制，控制”；B選項(xiàng)retrain“再訓(xùn)練，再教育”；C選項(xiàng)abandon“放任，離開”；D選項(xiàng)prevent“預(yù)防，阻止”。根據(jù)句意“小女孩抑制不住好奇心，想看看盒子里裝的是什么。”選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

7.單選題

Hisfatherreadthenewspaperatthekitchentable,allthewhiledelivering（

）onthepoliticsofthedayforthebenefitofanyonewithinearshot.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.complements

B.remarks

C.speech

D.animadversions

【答案】D

【解析】complement補(bǔ)語，補(bǔ)足物；remark言辭；speech演講，講話；animadversion批評(píng)，評(píng)語。句意：他的父親坐在餐桌旁看報(bào)紙，一直批判當(dāng)今政治只對(duì)極少數(shù)人有利。選項(xiàng)D更符合語境。

8.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Watermakesupnearlythree-quartersoftheEarth’ssurface,butitdoesmorethanjustcoverourplanet—italsoplaysavitalroleinshapingit.

ConsidertheGrandCanyon.Measuring277mileslong,18mileswideandmorethan1miledeep,itisconsideredoneoftheSevenNaturalWondersoftheWorldandattractsmorethan5millionvisitorsperyear.ThisgeologicalmarvelwascreatedbythewatersoftheColoradoRiverthroughtheprocessesofweatheringanderosion.

Weatheringistheprocessbywhichmovingwaterbreaksdownsoil,rockandminerals,anderosionistheprocessbywhichtheflowingwatertransportssoilandrockfromonespotanddepositsitelsewhere.Thetwoprocessesoftenoccurinconjunction.

Weatheringanderosionareveryslowprocesses.GeologistsbelievetheColoradoRiverhasbeenflowingthroughtheGrandCanyonforatleast17millionyears,andithasbeengraduallyshapingthecanyonthisentiretime.TheflowingwateroftheriveranditstributarieshascarvedawayattherockoftheColoradoPlateau,creatingthesightwearefamiliarwithtoday.

Cavesandcavernsareanotherexampleofweatheringanderosion.Limestonecaves,suchastheCarlsbadCavernsinNewMexico,areformedwhenrainwatermixeswithcarbondioxideinthegroundandwearsawayatthelimestone.Seacaves,whichcanbefoundalongcoastlines,areformedwhenpowerfulwavescrashagainsttheshoreandbreakawaychunksofrock.Icecavesareformedwhenglaciersmeltandtheicemeltflowsacrossthegroundasastream.

Youdon’thavetotravelveryfartoseetheeffectsofweatheringanderosionforyourself,though.Ifyou’veeverbeentothebeach,you’vealreadyseenevidenceofhowpowerfulofaforcemovingwatercanbe—andallyouhadtodowaslookdown.Thesandcoveringthebeachisactuallytheresultofrocksbeingbrokendownintotinypiecesandthenwashedashorebythewaves.

AlthoughweatheringanderosionareresponsibleforcreatingbeautifulsightssuchassandybeachesandtheGrandCanyon,therearemanynegativeconsequencesaswell.Landslidesaresomeofthemostdangeroussideeffectsoferosion.Whenhillsidesormountainsidesaregraduallywornaway,theycanbecomeunstableandbreakdown,especiallywhentriggeredbyextremeweathersuchasfloods,heavyrainorsnow.Everyyear,landslidescausemassiveamountsofpropertydamageandcasualties.

1.WhataretheprocessesbywhichwatercanshapetheEarth?

2.Whatdoestheauthordescribeinthepassage?

3.HowdoestheauthorpresenttheGrandCanyon?

4.Inthelastparagraph,theauthormentionslandslidestomakethepointthaterosion________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Deforestationandclimatechange.

B.Weatheringanderosion.

C.Soilproductivityandfertilization.

D.Deepplowingandcroprotation.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thepositiveeffectsofindustrialization.

B.ThetourismindustryaroundtheGrandCanyon.

C.Thehistoryofclimatechange.

D.Thewaysthatmovingwatercanshapeandchangetheland.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Aseffectsoflandslides.

B.Asgeologicalmysteries.

C.Asnegativeeffectsoferosion.

D.Aspositiveeffectsoferosion.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.isoftenbeneficial

B.isaveryslowprocess

C.canhaveharmfuleffects

D.canhelpshapecavesandcaverns

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。A選項(xiàng)“荒漠化和環(huán)境變化”；B選項(xiàng)“風(fēng)化和侵蝕”；C選項(xiàng)“土地生產(chǎn)率和肥料”；D選項(xiàng)“深耕和輪耕”。根據(jù)題干的watercanshapeearth，我們定位到第二段最后一句ThisgeologicalmarvelwascreatedbythewatersoftheColoradoRiverthroughtheprocessesofweatheringanderosion.（這種物理奇跡是科羅拉多的水通過侵蝕和腐蝕而創(chuàng)作出來的。）答案選B，其他選項(xiàng)與題無關(guān)。

第2題:主旨大意題。A選項(xiàng)“工業(yè)化的積極影響”；B選項(xiàng)“科羅拉多大峽谷周圍的旅游業(yè)”；C選項(xiàng)“環(huán)境變化的歷史”；D選項(xiàng)“流水改變大地的方式”；整篇文章沒有提及工業(yè)化和環(huán)境變化，A，C排除；文章只是用科羅拉多峽谷的變化來引入主題，沒有提及峽谷周圍的旅游業(yè)，所以B選項(xiàng)排除；文章第一句話點(diǎn)出主題后，后面都是談的水對(duì)地形的變化，所以正確答案選D。

第3題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意思“作者怎么展現(xiàn)大峽谷的？”；A選項(xiàng)“滑坡影響”；B選項(xiàng)“作為地理之謎”；C選項(xiàng)“侵蝕的消極影響”；D選項(xiàng)“侵蝕的積極影響”。根據(jù)題干的watercanshapeearth定位到第二段最后一句ThisgeologicalmarvelwascreatedbythewatersoftheColoradoRiverthroughtheprocessesofweatheringanderosion.（這種地理奇跡是科羅拉多的水通過侵蝕和腐蝕而創(chuàng)作出來的。）由此可以看出科羅拉多大峽谷是地理奇跡而不是地理之謎，排除A；然后定位到最后一段第一句AlthoughweatheringanderosionareresponsibleforcreatingbeautifulsightssuchassandybeachesandtheGrandCanyon,therearemanynegativeconsequencesaswell.Landslidesaresomeofthemostdangeroussideeffectsoferosion.（雖然風(fēng)化和侵蝕造就了像沙灘和大峽谷這樣的美麗景觀，但也有很多負(fù)面的影響。滑坡是侵蝕所帶來的最危險(xiǎn)的副作用之一。）從這句可以看出大峽谷是水的侵蝕作用的積極影響，而滑坡是負(fù)面影響，所以排除A、C，答案選D。

第4題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意思“最后一段，作者提到滑坡是為了證明：侵蝕（）”；A選項(xiàng)“總是有益的”；B選項(xiàng)“緩慢的過程”；C選項(xiàng)“有負(fù)面影響”；D選項(xiàng)“能幫助形成洞穴和峽谷”。根據(jù)題干，我們定位到最后一段，最后一段第一句話是主旨句AlthoughweatheringanderosionareresponsibleforcreatingbeautifulsightssuchassandybeachesandtheGrandCanyon,therearemanynegativeconsequencesaswell.Landslidesaresomeofthemostdangeroussideeffectsoferosion.（雖然風(fēng)化和侵蝕造就了像沙灘和大峽谷這樣的美麗景觀，但也有很多負(fù)面的影響?；率乔治g所帶來的最危險(xiǎn)的副作用之一。）從although這個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折詞可以看出來，整篇文章是要講侵蝕的不好的方面了，所以答案C正確。A，B，D選項(xiàng)雖然在前文中都說到了，但是根據(jù)題干Inthelastparagraph，答案只能選C。

9.單選題

Thatstoryyouhavejusttold______meofanexperienceIoncehad.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.informs

B.recalls

C.reminds

D.refreshes

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A項(xiàng)inform“通知，告訴”，B項(xiàng)recall“召回，回想起”，C項(xiàng)remind“提醒，使想起”，D項(xiàng)refresh“更新，恢復(fù)精神”。根據(jù)句子可知，remindsb.ofsth.固定搭配，表示“使某人想起某事”。句意：你剛才講的故事使我想起我曾經(jīng)有過的一次經(jīng)歷。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

10.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Hurricanesareviolentstormsthatcausemillionsofdollarsinpropertydamageandtakemanylives.Theycanbeextremelydangerous,andtoooftenpeopleunderestimatetheirfury.

HurricanesnormallyoriginateasasmallareaofthunderstormsovertheAtlanticOceanwestoftheCapeVerdeIslandsduringAugustorSeptember.Forseveraldays,theareaofthestormincreasesandtheairpressurefallsslowly.Acenteroflowpressureforms,andwindsbegintowhirlaroundit.Itisblownwestward,increasinginsizeandstrength.

Hurricanehuntersthenflyouttothestorminordertodetermineitssizeandintensityandtotrackitsdirection.Theydropinstrumentsforrecordingtemperature,airpressure,andhumidity（濕度）,intothestorm.Theyalsolookatthesizeofwavesontheocean,theclouds,andtheeyeofthestorm.Theeyeisaregionofrelativecalmandclearskiesinthecenterofthehurricane.Peopleoftenlosetheirlivesbyleavingshelterwhentheeyehasarrived,onlytobecaughtintremendouswindsagainwhentheeyehaspassed.

Oncetheforecastershavedeterminedthatitislikelythehurricanewillreachshore,theyissueahurricanewatchforalarge,generalareathatmaybeinthepathofthestorm.Later,whentheprobablepointoflandfallisclearer,theywillissueahurricanewarningforasomewhatmorelimitedarea.Peopleintheseareasarewisetostockuponnonperishablefoods,flashlightandradiobatteries,candles,andotheritemstheymayneedifelectricityandwaterarenotavailableafterthestorm.Theyshouldalsotrytohurricane-prooftheirhousesbybringinginlight-weightfurnitureandotheritemsfromoutsideandcoveringwindows.Peoplelivinginlow-lyingareasarewisetoevacuatetheirhousesbecauseofthestormsurge,whichisalargerushofwaterthatmaycomeashorewiththestorm.Hurricanesgenerallylosepowerslowlywhiletravelingoverland,butmanymoveouttosea,gatherupforceagain,andreturntoland.Astheymovetowardthenorth,theygenerallylosetheiridentityashurricanes.

46.Theeyeofthehurricaneis（）.

47.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

48.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?

49.Thelow-lyingareasrefertothoseregionsthat（）.

50.WhichofthefollowingisNOTamethodofprotectingone’shousefromahurricane?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thepowerfulcenterofthestorm

B.thepartthatdeterminesitsdirection

C.therelativelycalmcenterofthestorm

D.thecenteroflowpressure

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Astormsurgeisadramaticincreaseinwindvelocity.

B.Ahurricanewatchismoreseriousthanahurricanewarning.

C.Fallingairpressureisanindicatorthatthestormisincreasinginintensity.

D.Itissafetogooutsideoncetheeyehasarrived.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.HowtoAvoidHurricanedamage

B.ForecastingHurricanes

C.ThedangerousHurricane

D.AtlanticStorms

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.closetothegroundlevel

B.one-storeyflat

C.flathouses

D.neartothelowestlevelofhurricane

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.takingoutheavythings

B.movinginlight-weightfurniture

C.equippingthehousewithstones

D.coveringwindowsHurricanesareviolentstormsthatcausemillionsofdollarsinpropertydamageandtakemanylives.Theycanbeextremelydangerous,andtoooftenpeopleunderestimatetheirfury.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】46.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。從第三段倒數(shù)第二句Theeyeisaregionofrelativecalmandclearskiesinthecenterofthehurricane.（颶風(fēng)眼是颶風(fēng)中心相對(duì)平靜和晴朗的天空區(qū)域）可知C項(xiàng)“風(fēng)暴相對(duì)平靜的中心”正確。A項(xiàng)“強(qiáng)大的風(fēng)暴中心”與文意相反，排除；B項(xiàng)“決定其方向的部分”文中未提及；D項(xiàng)“低壓中心”定位到原文第一段可知低壓中心是颶風(fēng)形成前的表現(xiàn)，故錯(cuò)誤。

47.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。從最后一段倒數(shù)第三句Peoplelivinginlow-lyingareasarewisetoevacuatetheirhousesbecauseofthestormsurge,whichisalargerushofwaterthatmaycomeashorewiththestorm.（生活在低洼地區(qū)的人們明智地撤離他們的房屋，因?yàn)轱L(fēng)暴潮是一股巨大的水流，可能會(huì)隨著風(fēng)暴上岸。）可知stormsurge是指水而不是風(fēng)，所以A項(xiàng)“風(fēng)暴潮是風(fēng)速的急劇增加。”不正確。根據(jù)最后一段開頭的描述，颶風(fēng)可能登陸時(shí)先在一個(gè)較大的可能范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行hurricanewatch,然后在可能著陸點(diǎn)hurricanewarning，可以看出hurricanewarning比hurricanewatch更嚴(yán)重,所以B項(xiàng)“颶風(fēng)監(jiān)視比颶風(fēng)警報(bào)更嚴(yán)重?！辈徽_。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Peopleoftenlosetheirlivesbyleavingshelterwhentheeyehasarrived,onlytobecaughtintremendouswindsagainwhentheeyehaspassed.（當(dāng)風(fēng)眼來臨時(shí)，人們?nèi)绻叱龇块g會(huì)被風(fēng)眼過去后的大風(fēng)吹死），所以說在風(fēng)眼來臨時(shí)走出房間是不安全的）D項(xiàng)“風(fēng)眼來臨，出去是安全的”也不正確。通過排除法可知只有C項(xiàng)“氣壓下降表明風(fēng)暴的強(qiáng)度在增加”正確。

48.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】主旨大意題。閱讀全文，分別講了颶風(fēng)的形成、颶風(fēng)的預(yù)報(bào)、面對(duì)颶風(fēng)的防范措施、颶風(fēng)的消亡，C項(xiàng)“危險(xiǎn)的颶風(fēng)”可以作為標(biāo)題概括文章內(nèi)容。A項(xiàng)“如何避免颶風(fēng)的破壞”；B項(xiàng)“颶風(fēng)預(yù)報(bào)”；D項(xiàng)“大西洋風(fēng)暴”都只涉及到文章的一個(gè)方面。

49.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】語義推測(cè)題。題干low-lyingareas是指地勢(shì)低平的地區(qū)，A項(xiàng)“接近地面”；B、C是指一層平房，D項(xiàng)“接近最低級(jí)別的颶風(fēng)”。所以只有A項(xiàng)符合。

50.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】判斷推理題。從第三段第六行Theyshouldalsotrytohurricane-prooftheirhousesbybringinginlightweightfurnitureandotheritemsfromoutsideandcoveringwindows.（他們還應(yīng)嘗試從外部帶入輕巧的家具和其他物品并遮蓋窗戶，以防颶風(fēng)襲擊他們的房屋）可知將輕的家具、物品帶入房?jī)?nèi)，蓋住窗戶是預(yù)防颶風(fēng)的措施，所以B和D正確，其中也暗含了選項(xiàng)A“取出重物”，因?yàn)閷⑤p的物品放入房?jī)?nèi)也就意味著將重的物品帶出房間，所以A也符合。C選項(xiàng)文中未提及。

11.單選題

[A]Likeyoungwomen,whetherstudentsornot,wearestillinthestage[B]mostvaluedbymale-dominantcultures:wehaveourfoilpotentialasworkers,wives,andchildbearers.Thatmeanswehavenotyetexperiencedthelifeeventsthataremostradicalizingforwomen:enteringthepaid-laborforceandfindingoutthat[C]itisnotyetanequalpartnership;havinganddiscoveringwhoisresponsibleforthemandwhoisnot;and[D]aging,stillagreaterpenaltyforwomenthanformen.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Like

B.mostvalued

C.itis

D.aging

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)處，主語是we，是表明“我們”作為年輕女性的身份，而不是“像年輕女性一樣”。應(yīng)將like改為as。

12.單選題

Itwasverykindofyoutogetmesomethingformybirthday,butyou（

）mesuchanexpensivepresent.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.didn’tneedbuying

B.needn’tbuy

C.needn’thavebought

D.hadn’tneededtobuy

【答案】C

【解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指其實(shí)你沒有必要給我買這么貴重的禮物。needn’thavedonesth.意為本沒必要做某事卻做了，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

13.單選題

Mr.TunickfiledsuitagainsttheNewYorkpolicedepartmentaftercityofficials____hisrequest.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.turneddown

B.turnedin

C.turnedoff

D.turnedout

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.turneddown拒絕A.turnedin上床睡覺；上交，提交

C.turnedoff關(guān)閉；失去興趣；離開D.turnedout結(jié)果是

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析

【解題思路】原文空格處的主語為“紐約市官員”賓語為“他的請(qǐng)求”，并且在這件事發(fā)生之后，“Tunick對(duì)紐約市警察局提起了訴訟”，由此推斷，Tunick因?yàn)檎?qǐng)求被拒絕，所以對(duì)紐約市警察局提起了訴訟，A選項(xiàng)turneddown“拒絕”符合語義。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)turnedin“上床睡覺；上交，提交”，語義不符；

C選項(xiàng)turnedoff“關(guān)閉；失去興趣；離開（道路）”，語義不符；

D選項(xiàng)turnedout“結(jié)果是”，語義不符。

【句意】在紐約市官員拒絕他的請(qǐng)求后，Tunick對(duì)紐約市警察局提起了訴訟。

14.單選題

I'dliketotakethisopportunityto（）myheart-feltgratitudetothehost.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.increase

B.prolong

C.intensify

D.express

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞詞義辨析。句意：我想借此機(jī)會(huì)向東道主表示衷心的感謝。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

15.單選題

Heavymetalscanimpaircognitivedevelopmentinchildren,whoareespeciallyatriskbecauseoftheirsizeand（

）toabsorbmoreofthesesubstancesthanadultsdo.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.character

B.resistance

C.temper

D.tendency

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.character性格；品質(zhì)B.resistance抵擋力；阻力

C.temper脾氣D.tendency傾向；趨勢(shì)

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】重金屬會(huì)對(duì)兒童的認(rèn)知發(fā)展產(chǎn)生傷害，兒童的體型和……比起成年人能吸收更多的重金屬物質(zhì)，所以他們特別危險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)句意可知兒童的體型和抵抗力都比較弱，所以才會(huì)比成年人更容易吸收重金屬物質(zhì)，所以B選項(xiàng)“抵擋力，阻力”符合題意

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】重金屬會(huì)對(duì)兒童的認(rèn)知發(fā)展產(chǎn)生傷害，兒童的體型和抵抗力比起成年人能吸收更多的重金屬物質(zhì)，所以他們特別危險(xiǎn)。

16.單選題

Ifyouhaveanyquestionorwanttofurtheryourreading,youcanturntothe（）forthesourcesinthisbookandthereferencebooksonthesamesubject.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.bibliography

B.biography

C.catalog

D.category

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)bibliography“參考書目；文獻(xiàn)目錄”；B選項(xiàng)biography“傳記；檔案”；C選項(xiàng)catalog“目錄；登記”；D選項(xiàng)category“種類；分類”。句