船舶搖擺實(shí)驗(yàn)

1、. .中國石油大學(xué) 船舶工程 實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告實(shí)驗(yàn)日期：2021.11.1 成績：班級(jí)：09級(jí)海工二班 學(xué)號(hào)：09022062*：王雪瑞 教師：同組者：尹晟、姚金江、王晶、沈言、牛洋船舶搖擺實(shí)驗(yàn)一實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康模?1、測(cè)量實(shí)船的固有橫搖周期、計(jì)算無因次阻尼系數(shù)；2、通過實(shí)驗(yàn)了解船舶重心對(duì)橫搖周期的影響。二實(shí)驗(yàn)原理：固有搖擺周期是衡量傳播耐波性的重要參數(shù)。在固定裝載的情況下，船舶有其自身固有的橫搖周期。通過對(duì)船舶施加傾斜力矩，使船舶產(chǎn)生初始橫斜角后，去除該傾斜力矩，船舶即進(jìn)入自由橫搖狀態(tài)，通過測(cè)量其搖擺的角度和時(shí)間的關(guān)系即可求出其固有橫搖周期。船舶的搖蕩主要包括六種形式：橫搖、縱搖、首搖、垂蕩、橫蕩、縱蕩。船

2、舶的自由橫搖如以下圖所示：當(dāng)船傾斜時(shí)，受到由外力引起的傾斜力矩和自身的復(fù)原力矩，如以下圖：傾斜角度隨時(shí)間的變化曲線時(shí)歷曲線如以下圖所示：船舶橫搖的搖幅衰減情況可以這樣表示：將相鄰的兩個(gè)搖幅依次相減，求出每次擺動(dòng)中的衰減角 擺至另一邊的 搖幅已減少，即為：再將一次擺動(dòng)的搖幅平均，得到代表這次擺動(dòng)幅度大小的平均搖幅將對(duì)應(yīng)的 及 繪制在坐標(biāo)紙上，橫坐標(biāo) ，縱坐標(biāo) 。得到的曲線即為橫搖消滅曲線，代表了橫搖衰減的情況，也表示了阻尼的情況。在半個(gè)周期時(shí)間間隔內(nèi)，橫搖幅值絕對(duì)值的變化為：由以上關(guān)系可得無因次衰減系數(shù)的表達(dá)式為：三實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)備與儀器：1.實(shí)驗(yàn)用船舶模；2.傾角測(cè)量裝置包括傾角傳感器，接口和連線，數(shù)

3、據(jù)采集計(jì)算機(jī)。四實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟：1、確認(rèn)所有實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)備處于正確的初始狀態(tài)，包括： 船舶模的搖擺運(yùn)動(dòng)不會(huì)受到干擾，傾角測(cè)量裝置已上電并運(yùn)行正常；2、運(yùn)行傾角測(cè)量軟件；3、給船舶施加傾斜力矩使其傾斜；4、點(diǎn)擊傾角測(cè)量軟件界面上的“開場(chǎng)按鈕，此時(shí)開場(chǎng)測(cè)量傾角數(shù)據(jù)并顯示在界面上；5、去除傾斜力矩使船舶進(jìn)入自由橫搖狀態(tài)；6、等待一定時(shí)間后，點(diǎn)擊傾角測(cè)量軟件界面上的“暫停按鈕，停頓測(cè)量傾角數(shù)據(jù)；7、將記錄下來的傾角數(shù)據(jù)保存在指定的文件中；8、在船舶的某一高度上增加重量。首先將雙面膠的一面貼在亞鐵上，然后將亞鐵粘貼到船模上。注意沿船長的方向，亞鐵的中心線要與船模的中線一致，防止船舶左右不對(duì)稱產(chǎn)生固定的橫傾角。將增加

4、重量的船模放入水中，給船模施加傾斜力矩使其傾斜，去除該力矩使船舶進(jìn)入自由橫搖狀態(tài)，對(duì)船模搖擺的傾角進(jìn)展測(cè)量并保存實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)。按照這個(gè)方法，逐漸增加亞鐵的數(shù)量，并對(duì)其進(jìn)展搖擺試驗(yàn)，測(cè)量其搖擺橫傾角并保存數(shù)據(jù)；9、點(diǎn)擊傾角測(cè)量軟件界面上的“退出按鈕，關(guān)閉該軟件，完畢實(shí)驗(yàn)。五實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)處理：1三鐵塊都在最下層：時(shí)間0.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.91記錄偏角-5.12-4.5-2.040.884.913.2514.4413.099.12-3.07實(shí)際偏角0.3813.466.3810.418.7519.9418.5914.622.43時(shí)間1.11.21.31.41.51.61.71.

5、81.92記錄偏角-8.16-12.95-22.52-23.26-22.6-17.79-14.1-9.963.6814.84實(shí)際偏角-2.66-7.45-17.02-17.76-17.1-12.29-8.6-4.469.1820.34時(shí)間2.12.22.32.42.52.62.72.82.93記錄偏角16.2716.4410.096.21-6.12-9.75-13.04-18.87-19.01-18.19實(shí)際偏角21.7721.9415.5911.71-0.62-4.25-7.54-13.37-13.51-12.69時(shí)間3.13.23.33.43.53.63.73.83.94記錄偏角-16.4

6、9-14.08-11.17-7.96-1.4325.359.8910.8810.95實(shí)際偏角-10.99-8.58-5.67-2.464.077.510.8515.3916.3816.45時(shí)間4.14.24.34.44.54.64.74.84.95記錄偏角5.982.94-3.27-6.18-8.98-11.5-13.6-15.12-15.97-16.1實(shí)際偏角11.488.442.23-0.68-3.48-6-8.1-9.62-10.47-10.6時(shí)間5.15.25.35.45.55.65.75.85.96記錄偏角-12.56-10.41-8.01-5.47-2.95-0.595.696.6

7、35.323.55實(shí)際偏角-7.06-4.91-2.510.032.554.9111.1912.1310.829.05時(shí)間6.16.26.36.46.56.66.76.86.97記錄偏角1.23-3.44-5.78-8.03-13.06-13.83-14.05-11.58-9.93-4.04實(shí)際偏角6.732.06-0.28-2.53-7.56-8.33-8.55-6.08-4.431.46時(shí)間7.17.27.37.47.57.67.77.87.98記錄偏角-2.131.292.663.493.422.571.22-3.76-5.57-7.33實(shí)際偏角3.376.798.168.998.928

8、.076.721.74-0.07-1.83時(shí)間8.18.28.38.48.58.68.78.88.99記錄偏角-11.38-12.06-12.33-12.17-11.61-10.68-9.46-6.47-4.89-0.72實(shí)際偏角-5.88-6.56-6.83-6.67-6.11-5.18-3.96-0.970.614.78時(shí)間9.19.29.39.49.59.69.79.89.910記錄偏角0.261.041.341.170.55-0.36-1.39-3.98-5.39-6.8實(shí)際偏角5.766.546.846.676.055.144.111.520.11-1.3時(shí)間10.110.210.3

9、10.410.510.610.710.810.911記錄偏角-9.27-10.2-10.84-10.76-10.07-9.12-6.74-5.48-4.27-3.16實(shí)際偏角-3.77-4.7-5.34-5.26-4.57-3.62-1.240.021.232.34時(shí)間11.111.211.311.411.511.611.711.811.912記錄偏角-2.21-1.45-0.88-0.76-1.32-2.16-3.21-4.38-5.56-8.53實(shí)際偏角3.294.054.624.744.183.342.291.12-0.06-3.03時(shí)間12.112.212.312.412.512.61

10、2.712.812.913記錄偏角-9.24-9.76-9.88-9.38-8.65-6.77-5.77-3.17-2.57-1.93實(shí)際偏角-3.74-4.26-4.38-3.88-3.15-1.27-0.272.332.933.57時(shí)間13.113.213.313.413.513.613.713.813.914記錄偏角-2.15-2.57-4.69-5.54-7.19-7.91-8.49-8.88-9-8.74實(shí)際偏角3.352.930.81-0.04-1.69-2.41-2.99-3.38-3.5-3.24時(shí)間14.114.214.314.414.514.614.714.814.915記

11、錄偏角-8.33-6.56-5.86-3.9-3.43-3.09-2.9-2.88-3.03-4.34實(shí)際偏角-2.83-1.06-0.361.62.072.412.62.622.471.16時(shí)間15.115.215.315.415.515.615.715.815.916記錄偏角-4.94-5.56-6.76-7.28-7.7-7.99-7.97-7.69-6.26-5.71實(shí)際偏角0.56-0.06-1.26-1.78-2.2-2.49-2.47-2.19-0.76-0.21時(shí)間16.116.216.316.416.516.616.716.816.917記錄偏角-4.7-4.28-3.94-

12、3.69-3.55-3.53-3.62-4.57-5.05-5.56實(shí)際偏角0.81.221.561.811.951.971.880.930.45-0.06時(shí)間17.117.217.317.417.517.617.717.817.918記錄偏角-6.95-7.27-7.49-7.47-7.26-6.63-6.24-5.83-4.98-4.6實(shí)際偏角-1.45-1.77-1.99-1.97-1.76-1.13-0.74-0.330.520.9時(shí)間18.118.218.318.418.518.618.718.818.919記錄偏角-4.3-3.96-4.04-4.44-4.75-5.11-5.49

13、-6.25-6.59-6.89實(shí)際偏角1.21.541.461.060.750.390.01-0.75-1.09-1.39時(shí)間19.119.219.319.419.519.619.719.819.920記錄偏角-7.25-7.3-7.24-7.09-6.57-6.24-5.17-4.86-4.36-4.37實(shí)際偏角-1.75-1.8-1.74-1.59-1.07-0.740.330.641.141.13時(shí)間20.120.220.320.420.520.620.720.820.921記錄偏角-4.45-4.59-4.76-4.96-5.19-5.74-6.05-6.34-6.9-6.92實(shí)際偏角

14、1.050.910.740.540.31-0.24-0.55-0.84-1.4-1.42時(shí)間21.121.221.321.421.521.621.721.821.922記錄偏角-6.88-6.63-6.44-6.23-5.46-5.22-5.01-4.73-4.67-4.83實(shí)際偏角-1.38-1.13-0.94-0.730.040.280.490.770.830.67時(shí)間22.122.222.322.422.522.622.722.822.923記錄偏角-5.02-5.25-6.03-6.26-6.45-6.67-6.69-6.64-6.43-6.28實(shí)際偏角0.480.25-0.53-0.

15、76-0.95-1.17-1.19-1.14-0.93-0.78時(shí)間23.123.223.323.423.523.623.723.823.924記錄偏角-6.1-5.51-5.33-4.98-4.93-4.92-5.04-5.18-5.37-6.06實(shí)際偏角-0.6-0.010.170.520.570.580.460.320.13-0.56時(shí)間24.124.224.324.424.524.624.724.824.925記錄偏角-6.27-6.57-6.56-6.5-6.22-6.07-5.72-5.55-5.4-5.14實(shí)際偏角-0.77-1.07-1.06-1-0.72-0.57-0.22-

16、0.050.10.36時(shí)間25.125.225.325.425.525.625.725.825.926記錄偏角-5.13-5.36-5.5-5.66-6.01-6.16-6.26-6.34-6.34-6.32實(shí)際偏角0.370.140-0.16-0.51-0.66-0.76-0.84-0.84-0.82時(shí)間26.126.226.326.426.5記錄偏角-6.19-6.07-5.93-5.78-5.57實(shí)際偏角-0.69-0.57-0.43-0.28-0.07時(shí)歷曲線由數(shù)據(jù)以及時(shí)歷曲線可知：初始傾角=-5.5°均值計(jì)算固有周期Ts。列表如下：固有周期計(jì)算表序號(hào)12345678910時(shí)

17、間1.51.81.81.61.921.71.81.81.6求得周期：Ts=1.75s無因次衰減系數(shù)計(jì)算表序號(hào)1234567821.9416.4512.138.996.844.743.572.62-13.51-10.47-6.08-6.83-5.34-4.38-3.5-2.49/1.6239821.5711561.9950661.3162521.2808991.0821921.021.052209u=1/0.1544210.1438890.2199610.0875120.0788410.0251560.0063070.016208所以： 對(duì)u取平均值得到u=0.091537 2有一鐵塊放到高出時(shí)

18、間0.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.91記錄偏角4.485.688.2713.2620.25303026.431.04-15.63實(shí)際偏角0.43281.63284.22289.212816.202825.952825.952822.3828-3.0072-19.6772時(shí)間1.11.21.31.41.51.61.71.81.92記錄偏角-19.21-21.44-22.26-19.83-16.91-13.15-8.79-4.081.027.34實(shí)際偏角-23.2572-25.4872-26.3072-23.8772-20.9572-17.1972-12.8372-8.1272

19、-3.02723.2928時(shí)間2.12.22.32.42.52.62.72.82.93記錄偏角23.8327.513028.3817.7813.138.2-4.82-7.94-13.78實(shí)際偏角19.782823.462825.952824.332813.73289.08284.1528-8.8672-11.9872-17.8272時(shí)間3.13.23.33.43.53.63.73.83.94記錄偏角-14.21-13.85-8.58-5.860.134.057.8311.3714.5817.34實(shí)際偏角-18.2572-17.8972-12.6272-9.9072-3.91720.00283.

20、78287.322810.532813.2928時(shí)間4.14.24.34.44.54.64.74.84.95記錄偏角19.5321.0221.6920.8719.3714.7311.818.69-0.54-2.67實(shí)際偏角15.482816.972817.642816.822815.322810.68287.76284.6428-4.5872-6.7172時(shí)間5.15.25.35.45.55.65.75.85.96記錄偏角-6.09-7.28-8.05-8.36-7.62-6.63-5.3-1.870.072.64實(shí)際偏角-10.1372-11.3272-12.0972-12.4072-11.

21、6672-10.6772-9.3472-5.9172-3.9772-1.4072時(shí)間6.16.26.36.46.56.66.76.86.97記錄偏角9.6711.5513.0915.0915.4715.4314.9714.0912.8411.27實(shí)際偏角5.62287.50289.042811.042811.422811.382810.922810.04288.79287.2228時(shí)間7.17.27.37.47.57.67.77.87.98記錄偏角5.333.36-1.12-1.82-2.31-2.6-2.68-2.56-1.28-0.63實(shí)際偏角1.2828-0.6872-5.1672-5.

22、8672-6.3572-6.6472-6.7272-6.6072-5.3272-4.6772時(shí)間8.18.28.38.48.58.68.78.88.99記錄偏角0.123.554.756.947.858.599.139.499.318.92實(shí)際偏角-3.9272-0.49720.70282.89283.80284.54285.08285.44285.26284.8728時(shí)間9.19.29.39.49.59.69.79.89.910記錄偏角6.85.913.172.31.450.66-0.04-0.5-1.08-0.96實(shí)際偏角2.75281.8628-0.8772-1.7472-2.5972-

23、3.3872-4.0872-4.5472-5.1272-5.0072時(shí)間10.110.210.310.410.510.610.710.810.911記錄偏角-0.710.791.472.853.524.196.046.56.816.98實(shí)際偏角-4.7572-3.2572-2.5772-1.1972-0.52720.14281.99282.45282.76282.9328時(shí)間11.111.211.311.411.511.611.711.811.912記錄偏角6.836.575.354.873.112.441.790.760.460.3實(shí)際偏角2.78282.52281.30280.8228-0

24、.9372-1.6072-2.2572-3.2872-3.5872-3.7472時(shí)間12.112.212.312.412.512.612.712.812.913記錄偏角0.270.360.511.562.092.653.744.264.745.84實(shí)際偏角-3.7772-3.6872-3.5372-2.4872-1.9572-1.3972-0.30720.21280.69281.7928時(shí)間13.113.213.313.413.513.613.713.813.914記錄偏角6.016.065.855.645.394.784.413.993.042.61實(shí)際偏角1.96282.01281.802

25、81.59281.34280.73280.3628-0.0572-1.0072-1.4372時(shí)間14.114.214.314.414.514.614.714.814.915記錄偏角2.111.571.51.531.631.82.022.32.63.17實(shí)際偏角-1.9372-2.4772-2.5472-2.5172-2.4172-2.2472-2.0272-1.7472-1.4472-0.8772時(shí)間15.115.215.315.415.515.615.715.815.916記錄偏角3.43.613.994.174.354.584.544.464.224.08實(shí)際偏角-0.6472-0.437

26、2-0.05720.12280.30280.53280.49280.41280.17280.0328時(shí)間16.116.216.316.416.516.616.716.816.917記錄偏角3.923.593.423.232.632.452.332.242.252.38實(shí)際偏角-0.1272-0.4572-0.6272-0.8172-1.4172-1.5972-1.7172-1.8072-1.7972-1.6672時(shí)間17.117.217.317.417.517.617.717.817.918記錄偏角2.472.613.153.353.964.144.284.434.454.43實(shí)際偏角-1.5

27、772-1.4372-0.8972-0.6972-0.08720.09280.23280.38280.40280.3828時(shí)間18.118.218.318.418.518.618.718.818.919記錄偏角4.143.973.813.643.483.323.172.872.752.66實(shí)際偏角0.0928-0.0772-0.2372-0.4072-0.5672-0.7272-0.8772-1.1772-1.2972-1.3872時(shí)間19.119.219.319.419.519.619.719.819.920記錄偏角2.542.562.762.933.13.263.413.533.623.7

28、實(shí)際偏角-1.5072-1.4872-1.2872-1.1172-0.9472-0.7872-0.6372-0.5172-0.4272-0.3472時(shí)間20.120.220.320.420.520.620.720.820.921記錄偏角3.823.863.893.9744.044.074.063.983.46實(shí)際偏角-0.2272-0.1872-0.1572-0.0772-0.0472-0.00720.02280.0128-0.0672-0.5872時(shí)間21.121.221.321.421.521.621.721.821.922記錄偏角3.313.253.293.323.263.223.23.

29、213.233.28實(shí)際偏角-0.7372-0.7972-0.7572-0.7272-0.7872-0.8272-0.8472-0.8372-0.8172-0.7672時(shí)間22.122.222.322.422.522.622.722.822.923記錄偏角3.353.563.583.453.413.483.533.513.453.4實(shí)際偏角-0.6972-0.4872-0.4672-0.5972-0.6372-0.5672-0.5172-0.5372-0.5972-0.6472時(shí)間23.123.223.323.423.523.623.723.823.924記錄偏角3.293.253.243.313.333