外研必修二第一模塊重難點解析

1、外研必修二第一模塊重難點解析1. diet:(1) 日常飲食；規(guī)定食譜(如為治療疾病或減輕體重)典例： A balanced diet is good for our health.均衡的飲食對我們的健康有好處。My daughter doesn't like a rich diet. 我女兒不喜歡油膩的飲食。(2) vi. 只(準)吃某類食物或少量食物；(尤指為減輕體重)節(jié)食典例： I advise you to diet and take more exercise.我建議你節(jié)食并多鍛煉身體。(3) 常用短語：be on a diet/go on a diet節(jié)食典例： The d

2、octor said I should be on a diet.大夫說我應該節(jié)食。She decided to go on a low-fat diet from this Monday.她決心從本周一開始進行低脂肪的飲食療法。(4) 辨析： food 和 diet二者均表示食物 ; 但 food 是一般用語， 指任何可吃的東西， diet通常指維持健康的特定或定量的飲食； diet是可數名詞， food 是不可數名詞，但在強調種類時為可數名詞。典例： Many westerners like Chinese food.許多西方人喜歡中國食物。Dad didn't want my l

3、ittlesister to go ona diet though she wasvery heavy then. 爸爸不想讓我的小妹妹減肥盡管她那時很胖。即時反饋練習：1. She didn't eat much dinner because she is on a diet now.2. The doctor told him to take a fat-free diet參考答案1 她這頓飯沒吃多少，因為她現在正在節(jié)食。2 大夫讓他進行無脂飲食療法。2. fit:(1).adj. 健康的；適宜的；合適的典例： Don't you feel fit?你身體狀況不好嗎？這水不

4、適合喝。The water isn't fit to drink.(2) . vi, vt 合適；安裝她的夾克非常合身。典例： This jacket fits her well.She fitted a new lamp in her bedroom. 她在臥室安裝了一盞新燈。（3）常用短語： keep fit 保持健康適合做be fit for./be fit to do.典例： My grandfather keeps fitby taking a walk every day. 我祖父通過每天散步來保持健康。What kind of job is he fit for?他適合做

5、什么樣的工作？（4）. 詞語辨析： fit 和 suit fit 作動詞時，多指大小、形狀合適，吻合；suit 多指合乎需要，合（某人）之意，或（衣服、型式等）與相配。 fit 作形容詞時，可與 suitable （合適的）互換， be fit for/todo.=be suitable for/to do.典例： Try this key and see whether it fits.試試這把鑰匙，看看是否合適。（指 the key 和 the keyhole是否吻合）I'm afraid this time doesn't suit me.恐怕這個時間對我來說不合適。即時

6、反饋練習1. Her jeans suit a little bit tighter.2. The color of the shirt doesn't fit you.參考答案1. suit 改成 fit，(她的牛仔褲有點緊)2. fit 改成 suit這件襯衫的顏色不適合你)3 anxious.她很擔(1) adj. 憂慮的，不安的；渴望的 典例： She is very anxious about her mother's health.我們盼望你平安歸來。心母親的健康狀況。We are anxious for your safe return.(2) 常用短語：be a

7、nxious about/for.擔心渴望某事 / 做某事渴望某人做某事be anxious for sth/to do sth be anxious for sb to do sth 典例： These students were anxious to know the result of the exam. 這些學生急于知道考試成績。Sophia was anxious for all her friends to attend her birthday party.索菲婭盼望她所有朋友參加她的生日聚會。即時反饋練習Ken is anxious to see his girlfriend.

8、Are you all right?” she asked anxi ously.I am anxious about her safety.His great anxiety for knowledge led him to work hard.參考答案1 肯渴望見到他的女朋友。2 “你還好嗎？”她擔心地問道。3 我擔心她的安全。4 他強烈的求知欲促使他努力學習。4 injure.(1) vt. 使受傷；傷害 典例： Luckily, he was only slightly injured in this accident.幸運的是，他在這次事故中只受了一點輕傷。I hope I didn

9、't injure your feeling.我希望我沒有傷害你的感情。(2) 定冠詞 (the) + 形容詞 (adj.) 表示一類人或事物，因此， theinjured 表示“受傷的人' ”典例： The number of the injured amounted to over 100.受傷人數總計一百多。詞語辨析：hurt ， injure ， harm ， damage 和 woundhurt 普通用語，既可指肉體上的傷害，也可精神上，感情上的傷害。典例： The driver hurt himself badly in the accident.那位司機在那次事故

10、中傷得很重。injure 比 hurt 正式， hurt 多指傷痛，而 injure 則指損害健康，成就，容貌等，強調功能的損失。典例： A bullet injured his left eye.一顆子彈傷了他的左眼。harm 用于肉體或精神上的傷害均可，有時可指引起不安或不便，還可用于抽象事物，尤其是指不道德的事情。典例： Don't harm your eyes by reading in dim light.不要在昏暗的燈光下看書，以免損害眼睛。damage 主要指對于物的損害，強調對于價值，用途，外觀等所造成 的損失，這種損失或因自然災害所致，或因人為造成。典例： He da

11、maged my car with a stone. 他用石頭砸壞了我的汽 車。wound 指槍傷，刀傷，刺傷等皮肉之傷，是出血的，嚴重的傷，特指 戰(zhàn)場上受傷，它可以指肉體上的傷害，也可指人們精神上的創(chuàng)傷。典例： The bullet wounded his arm. 子彈打傷了他的一只胳膊。即時反饋練習1. This strong earthquake使受傷） many people inJapan.2. At least seven people受傷的） in thisexplosion.3. He became disabled as a result of an傷害 ） thatyea

12、r.4. All 21（ 受傷的人 ）were sent to hospitalimmediately.參考答案1. injured 2. were injured 3. injury 4. injured5. pain典例： The boy was crying with pain.這男孩正因為疼痛而哭著。The young man broke his arm and cried with pain.那個年輕人摔斷手臂，痛得大叫。固定結構：be in pain 處于疼痛中典例：She is in great pain.她深為痛苦。(3).vt使疼痛；使痛苦典例：It pains me to

13、have to leave, but I must.不得不離開，我的腳還在痛。我很痛苦，但是我必須這樣。My foot is still paining me.(4) pains. n. 辛苦；努力 常用句型：不辭勞苦做某事take pains to do sth: to make a special effort to do sth, or to be very careful in doing sth.典例： She took great pains to lose weight. 她煞費苦心得減肥。詞語辨析：pain ， ache 和 hurt 這三個詞都和疼痛有關。 ache 和 pa

14、in 多作名詞 , hurt 詞。只能作動pain為及物動詞，指“ （肉體或精神上的）痛苦、悲痛” ，比 ache 要作動詞時， hurt 多用作不及物動詞，作及物動詞時，表示 物）傷害（某人）；使疼痛” ； ache 為不及物動詞，指 身體疼痛” ，往往用于持續(xù)的疼痛或因一些小病引起的感覺；嚴重些。我受傷的胳膊很疼。這雙鞋很緊使我的腳感到典例： My injured arm hurts a lot.The shoes are tight and hurt my feet.疼痛。His back pains him much.他的背很痛。（非外物導致，故本句不 宜用 hurt ）即使反饋練習I

15、 have a pain in my hea dI have aShe has an earache.She has參考答案headachea pain in his ear.6. WhenZhou Kai's mother saw him heading towards the front door without a jacket on she eyed him anxiously.媽媽看到周凱沒穿夾克就向前門走去，擔心地盯著他。(1) head vi. vt. 走向，朝方向前進；使方向前進我們把船駛向外海。典例： We headed the boat out to sea.Whe

16、re are you heading for?Shanghai.你去哪里？他會遭遇麻煩的。上海He is heading for trouble.He realized that he was heading in the wrong direction.他意識到他正朝錯誤的方向走。(2) 沒穿夾克，其中 on 是副詞，表示“穿戴著”。with（without）+ 名詞（代詞） + 分詞（形容詞、副詞、不定式、介詞短語），表示一種伴隨狀態(tài)，在句中作狀語。典例： The young manwalked in with a hunting dog following him.這個年輕人走了進來，后

17、面跟著一條獵犬。Don't speak with your mouth full.不要滿嘴食物說話。He ran out without shoes on.他沒穿鞋子跑了出來。The boss had a hard time with many tough problems to solve.有很多棘手問題要解決，這位老板日子很難過。She said good-bye with tears in her eyes.她眼含淚水說再見。即時反饋練習1. They are heading home.2. She was heading towards the post office.3. W

18、e managed to get it back without her knowing.4. Johnson bought a magazine with many pictures in it.參考答案1. 他們朝家的方向走。2. 她正朝郵局走去。3. 我們設法把它放回去，沒讓她知道。4. 約翰遜買了一本雜志，里面有很多圖畫。7. You can at least go and get your jacket.你至少可以去拿上你的夾克衫。at (the) least至少 at (the) most 至多 not (in) the least(not at all) 一點也不至少你應該試一試

19、。這男孩至多十歲。典例： you should at least have a try.The boy is at most ten years old.Do you mind if I smoke?No, not in the least.我吸煙你介意嗎？ 不，一點也不。即時反饋練習1. Even if you cannot help him ， you can give him encouragement at least2. The book will cost me at least 10 dollars.3. You are not disturbing me in the leas

20、t.4. Are you cold?No, not in the least.參考答案就算你不能幫助他，至少你可以鼓勵他。這本書至少要 10 美元。你一點也沒有打擾我。你冷嗎？一點也不冷。8. My mother has always made sure we eat very healthily.我媽媽總是想方設法讓我們吃得健康。make sure: 把某事請弄清楚； . 確保 常用結構：make sure of make sure (that).典例： He said he would do anything he could to make sure of my happiness.他說

21、他將盡其所能來確保我的幸福。the lights beforeMother made sure that she had turned off all she went to bed.母親在睡覺前確定她已經關掉了所有的燈。拓展：be sure of 和be sure that 一樣，主語是人，主語感到 “ 有把握；確信 ”示說話人推測一定；必然會 ”Be sure to do 一定要，務典例： I'm sure of winning the game.我有把握能贏得比賽。We're sure that he will be back soon.我們確信他會很快回來。Sally

22、is sure to refuse him.沙莉一定會拒絕他的。This movie is sure to relax you.這部電影一定會讓你放松的。be sure to do 的主語可以是人，也可以是物， 表出去之前一定要鎖Be sure to lock the door before you go out.上門。即時反饋練習請你查明他是否回來了，好嗎？到達時，你一定要給我打電話。他一定會成功。4 這些故事一定會逗笑她的。參考答案1 Will you make sure of his return?2 Make sure that you phone me when you arrive

23、.3 He is sure to succeed.4 These stories are sure to amuse her (make her laugh).9. I'd rather eat a nice piece of fruit.我寧愿吃一片美味的水果。(1) would rather do sth: prefer to do sth寧愿做做某事典例： I would rather give up this chance.我寧愿放棄這次機會。He would rather go there on foot.他寧愿步行去那里。Which would you rather do,

24、 go to the cinema or go for a meal?你寧愿做什么，去看電影還是去吃飯？拓展：(2) would rather do . than do .寧愿做而不愿典例： I would rather take a bus than take a taxi.公交車也不愿坐計程車。(3) would rather sb did sth寧愿某人做某事典例： She would rather her friend came on Sunday.她寧愿她的朋友星期天來。I would rather you didn't smoke in my room.我希望你不要在我的房

25、間吸煙。(4) rather than 而不是(通常連接兩個并列結構)典例： I think I'll have a cold drink rather than coffee.想喝冷飲，不想喝咖啡。I'd prefer to go in summer rather than in winter.我寧愿夏天去，也不愿冬天去。She would take more exercise rather than go on a diet.她寧愿多做運動也不愿節(jié)食。即時反饋練習1. Lisa would rather arriving home late than stay in a h

26、otel.2. I would rather she gives me a book.3. He would rather starting off early tomorrow morning.4. I would rather say sorry to him than lost a good friend.參考答案arriving 改成 arrivegives 改成 gavestarting 改成 startlost 改成 lose.I was stupid enough to play football in the rain.我真是夠蠢的，居然在雨中踢足球。adj (adv) + e

27、nough (+for.) to do.表示“足夠典例： This house is big enough for us to live in.這房子給我們住是夠大了。The book is easy enough for my daughter to read.這本書很容易，我女兒可以讀得懂。You are old enough to decide by yourself.你已經大到可以自己做決定的年齡了。他們走得不They can't walk fast enough to catch up with us.夠快，不會趕上我們。即時反饋練習1. I was so foolish t

28、hat I believed him.T I was 2. I wish you could speak very clearly so that we can understand what you say.T I wish you could參考答案foolish enough to believe him兩年前我speak clearly enough for us to understand your words 11. Two years ago I broke my arm playing football.在踢球時胳膊骨折了。playing football 是現在分詞短語，在句

29、中作狀語，表示時間。 分 詞或分詞短語作狀語時，可以表示時間、原因、行為方式、伴隨狀況 等。典例： Being a doctor, I must be responsible for my patients.作為一名醫(yī)生，我必須對我的病人負責。 （ being a doctor 表原因）What a beautiful garden it is!” said the girl, looking outof the window.看著窗外，女孩說“多么漂亮的花園?。　眑ooking out of thewindow 表伴隨狀況）即時反饋練習1. Bob knocked into a tree w

30、hen he was walking in the street.Bob knocked into a tree2. “Did you see a kite just now?the boy pointed to the skyand asked me.T “ Did you see a kite just now?the boy asked me參考答案walking in the streetpointing to the sky12. be crazy about. (be mad about.)： be wildly exitedabout.; be enthusiastic abou

31、t.著迷；為而瘋狂典例 He is crazy about playing computer games.他對電腦游戲著迷。My younger brother is crazy about the pretty girl.我弟弟為這個漂亮女孩而神魂顛倒。拓展：drive sb crazy 使某人氣得發(fā)瘋like crazy 發(fā)瘋似地；以驚人的氣勢典例： The noises are driving me crazy.這些噪音讓我發(fā)瘋。These people worked like crazy.那些人瘋狂地工作。即時反饋練習那些男孩瘋狂迷上了那個歌手?，旣悷嶂杂趶椾撉?。參考答案Those b

32、oys are crazy about the singer.Mary is crazy about playing the piano.13. will 與 be going to 的區(qū)別will 和 be going to 都可以用來表達將要發(fā)生的事情，區(qū)別如下：(1). 單純談到將來的事情，沒有主觀因素，可用 will.春天到來，天氣將會變I will be twenty next month.下個月我就 20 歲了。It will become warm when spring comes.暖。吃了這藥，(2). 表示說話人的推測，用 will.She will be all righ

33、t after taking the medicine.她就會好的。That will be your house.那是你的家吧。(3). 表示一種傾向，用 will.Each time he comes to Beijing, he will visit the Great Wall.每次他來到北京，他都要游覽長城。Without water, man will die.沒有水人會死。(4). 表示說話時決定馬上要做的動作(多半是聽了對方的花園后所做出的反應)，用 will.A: My chest hurts when I breathe.我呼吸時，胸部疼痛。B: Lie down plea

34、se, and I'll examine you.請?zhí)上?，我給你檢查一下。(5). 表示經過事先考慮或安排后的意思 , 即打算做某事 ”用 going to do.My friend is in hospital now, but he is going to come outtomorrow. 我朋友現在醫(yī)院，但是他明天就要出院了。She has borrowed some books from the library. She is going tomake a careful study. 她從圖書館借了一些書。她打算好好作番研究。(6) 在口語中，表示將要發(fā)生的事情時，多用 b

35、e going to .What's going to happen?將要發(fā)生什么事？Is there going to be a party tomorrow evening?明天晚上有聚會嗎？(7) 表示根據已有的、并被注意到的跡象將要發(fā)生的事情They are going to miss the train.他們要趕不上火車了。(說話看那些烏云，者注意到他們出發(fā)時已經太晚了)Look at those dark clouds; it's going to rain.要下雨了。(8).be going to 可用于表示將來時間的條件狀語從句， will 卻不 能。If he

36、 is going to participate in the competition, he'd better get prepared. 如果他打算參加這個競賽，他最好做好準備。If we are going to start early, 5 o'clock is ok.如果我們計劃早出發(fā)， 5 點就可以。(9).will 可用于表示意愿、拒絕等的條件狀語從句中。If Tom won't come, we will lose the game.如果湯姆不愿意來，我們將輸掉這場比賽。If he will do something useful, he will sa

37、ve the boy.如果他愿意做些有益的事，他會就這個男孩的。即時反饋練習1. Write to me when you get home2. That be Dr. Wang's clinic. Let's go and have a look.A. is going to B. will C. is not going to be D. will not.Key for reference1. B 2. B.2. 名詞轉化為動詞很多表示物件、 身體部位或某類人的名詞可以用作動詞， 某些抽象名詞也可用作動詞。名詞和動詞在轉化時，有時不改變意思，有時意思也相應地變化， 在學習

38、的過程中注意記憶總結。 常用的轉化為動詞的名詞有：head eye name paper book air voice hand coat dress diet skinmail ship face shoulder dust diet work answer picture peel knifenurse bottle cash use house mask, etc.典例： We ship grain to Africa.我們把谷物運往非洲。These desks and chairs are coated with dust.這些桌椅落上了灰塵。We lunched together.

39、我們一起吃了午餐。即時反饋練習1. Did you預定） a seat on a plane yesterday?2. Please遞） me the book.3. They取名 ）their dog Bob.4. She護理；照顧） her aged mother every day.參考答案1. book 2. hand 3. named 4. nurses外研必修二第二模塊重難點第一部分：詞匯1. addictionn. u 上癮；沉溺（“對上癮”用“ to. ”）e.g.I believe you can overcome your addiction to drugs.我相信你能克

40、服毒癮。構詞解析：addiction n 沉溺；吸毒成癮 addictive adj.使人上癮的 addict c上癮的人； vt 使上癮）上癮 addicted adj. (to)PracticeComplete the following sentences1. Coffee is使人上癮的） in a mild way.2. He is a heroin上癮者）Key for reference1. addictive 2. addict 2 danger(1)n 危險；風險；危險(人)物；危害“對危險”用交通流量大的街道對小這男孩已經脫險?！?-” to.”) e.g.In war,

41、a soldier's life if full of danger.在戰(zhàn)爭中，士兵的生命充滿了危險。A busy street is a danger to children.孩子很危險。(2) 常用短語： in danger 處于危險中 out of danger 脫險 e.g.She fell into a river and was in danger.她跌入河中，處于危險之中。The boy has been out of danger.構詞辨析：danger n 危險；危險的人或物dangerous: adj.危險的；dangerously: ad.危險地endanger:

42、 vt危及；危害；使遭到危險PracticeTranslate the following sentences into Chinese 1. The tiger in the mountain is a danger to villagers.2. He is in danger of losing his job.3. The rivers is dangerous for swimmers.3. reduce vt. . 縮減（體積、數量、程度、價格等）;減小;減少;降低（減 少了多少，用by;減少到多少，用to , reduce的同義詞是decrease.反義詞是 increase ）

43、 e.g.She reduced her weight by 5 kilograms by taking exercise.過做運動,她的體重減了 5 公斤。The number of the people in that club has reduced to about 30.那個俱樂部里的人數已經減少到了 30 左右。PracticeComplete the following sentences1. Can you降低） the price of the apples?2. We all hope that accidents can be減少)Key for reference1.

44、reduce 2. reduced4. crime(1).u 犯罪活動，不法行為 c 罪；罪行e.g.Crime is on the increase in big cities.在大城市里，犯罪正在逐漸增加。(2). 常用短語：commit/do a crime 犯罪e.g.He committed a crime. 他犯了罪。PracticeComplete the following sentences1. Shoplifting is a minor罪行)2. The罪犯） was sentenced to prison.Key for reference1. crime 2. cri

45、minal5. illegaladj. 不合法的；違法的e.g.It is illegal to carry guns without p ermissi on.未經許可攜帶槍械是違法的。What you did is an illegal act.你所做的是違法行為。PracticeRep lace the un derl ined words with their synonyms（同義詞）.1. It is unlawful to drive without a license. (?)2. These deal ings were not lawful. (?)Key for refe

46、rence1. illegal 2. legal6. conn ecti onu連接；聯結c連接點；連接物e.g.What is the conn ecti on betwee n the two facts?這兩個事實之間有什么聯系?The light goes on and off. Is there a loose conn ecti on?燈忽明忽暗，是不是線路接觸不良?PracticeTran slate the followi ng senten ces into Chi nese.1. The two jobs are closely conn ected.2. A railwa

47、y conn ects the two cities.3. Your words have no conn ecti on with this topic.Key for reference1.這兩項工作緊密相連。2. 一條鐵路連接了這兩座城市。3. 你的話和這個主題沒有聯系。7. likely(1) adj. 有可能的；可能發(fā)生的適當的；正合要求的e.g.Can you tell me the likely result?你能告訴我可能的結果嗎？This looks a likely place to take a bath.這地方適合洗個澡。常用結構：sb/ sth +be + likel

48、y + to do sthit +be + likely + that-clausee.g.He's likelyto ring metonight.= It 's likely that he will ringme tonight.他可能今晚給我打電話。Susan isn 't likely to win. 蘇珊不可能贏It 's likelythat she will pass the exam=She is likely to passthe exam. 她有可能通過這次考試。It isn 't likely to rain.不太像要下雨。(2)

49、 adv. 通常與 very, most, quite連用， very/most/quite likely很可能； as likely as not可能；十之八九e.g.Most likely he will lose his way.很可能他會迷路。詞語辨析：likely probable 和 possible,三個詞均表示“可能的”， 但 likely 和 probable 所表示的可能性大， possible 表示的可能性小。三個詞均可用于 It is that 結構。他們可能e.g.It is possible/ likely/ probable that they will win.會贏。只有 likely 可以用人當主語。e.g.They are likely to win. 他們可能會贏。（此處不能用 possible 或 probable )possible和likely 后可接不定式，而probable不與不定式