重點(diǎn)高中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞講解

1、重點(diǎn)高中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞講解作者:日期:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞專項(xiàng)講解1. China is develop ing its high-speed train tech no logy fast, so itbe good eno ugh to catch up with the best.A. mayB. mightC. mustD. should2. Then some other in terest ing reas ons appear, such as Its so smoggy that I find my way to office.A. mustn B. won C. can D. shouldn

2、3. The world is big, and I want to see it, wrote a teacher in her resignation letter.you quit your job to travelthe world?A. MustB. Might C. Should D. Would【答案揭曉】CCD一、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的定義情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是一種本身有一定的詞義，但要與動(dòng)詞原形或其被動(dòng)語態(tài)一起使用，給謂語動(dòng)詞增添情態(tài)色彩， 表示說話人對(duì)有關(guān)行為或事物的態(tài)度和看法，認(rèn)為其可能.應(yīng)該或必要等。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面加動(dòng)詞原形。obey in Fuzhou.1. No driving elect

3、ric motorbikes in some areas is a rule that we shallbe at risk of abortion.能，會(huì),必須.一定法律.法規(guī)等動(dòng)詞原形2. Wome n who are exposed to sec on d-ha nd smoke duri ng their preg nancy can可以表示有能力或時(shí)機(jī)動(dòng)詞原形 二、?？记閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞的關(guān)鍵用法一can1. Jim , it is time you went to bed . You need to get up early tomorrow.It s not fair Mary can s

4、tay up till ten hut I have to go to bed at eight.可以表示允許2.If it were not for the fact that she cant sing , I would invite her to the party.能，會(huì)，可以表示有能力3. Luckily, iron can be reworked and mistakes dont have to be thrown away能夠，可以表示某事物的特點(diǎn)4. Peter can be really difficult to get along with at times even

5、though he s a nice person in general. 有可能；有時(shí)會(huì)5. I cannot choose but to go.不能，無法用于否認(rèn)句，表示情況不允許6.I cannot tha nk you eno ugh,it has bee n a won derful day.再.也不為過 也可以用 can never/hardly.too much7. Is Jack on duty today? It cant be him.It s his turn tomorrow.不可能can可用于否認(rèn)句/疑問句中表猜想，此句表對(duì)現(xiàn)在的猜想 8. Can he have b

6、ee n chose n as capta in of the football team? Yes, he must have.可能can可用于否認(rèn)句/疑問句中表猜想，can have done表示對(duì)過去的猜想猜想9. This old lady was struggli ng out of the train and I said, Oh, can I help you?能通常用于疑問句，表示建議或提議幫助10. Can you just lift the table for a seco nd?用于疑問句時(shí)，can表示禮貌的請(qǐng)求，而cant表示強(qiáng)烈請(qǐng)求二could1. For my re

7、turn journey, I felt I could afford the extra and travel first class能;會(huì)表示發(fā)生在過去的能力2. - feel bored with nothing interesting to do.-You could watch TV. There will be a very good Hollywood film on this evening.可以表示提議或建議3. -Could I have a look?-Of course you can.表許可委婉的語氣用could，答復(fù)時(shí)用can4. An improveme nt i

8、n livi ng sta ndards could be years away.可能表示某事可能屬實(shí)或可能發(fā)生，對(duì)將來或者現(xiàn)在發(fā)生事情的肯定猜想5. Whe n the ship sailed out from Thaila nd, the 16 sailors on board could nt have thought_ that only half of可能could have done,只用于否認(rèn)句和疑問句中，表示對(duì)過去發(fā)生事情的猜想them would return again. 高.考.資.源.網(wǎng)6. He did not regret say ing what he did b

9、ut felt that he could have expressed it differe ntly.could have done用于肯定句中，表虛擬語氣，表示過去本有可能發(fā)生的事情但卻并未發(fā)生，不能使用canhave done的形式三be able toI. Even if standardized tests like the SAT could show a stude nt s academic proficiency學(xué)業(yè)水平 ,they will never be able to test things like con fide nee, efforts and willpo

10、we r, and are un able to give us the full picture of a stude nt potentialities 潛力【解析】be able to解釋為能夠，有各種時(shí)態(tài)的形式。注：can和be able to都可以表示能力.can泛指一般的能力，而且只有兩種形式，即:can, could .be able to那么主要指具體做到了某件事的能力，其形式主要是靠be發(fā)生變化，所以形式比can多.可以說：I can swim. I am able to swim.但是不能說：All the people could escape from the big

11、fire in time.只能說： All the people were able to escape from the fire in time.四may1. Every one of us may pla nt a tree in the school, or orga nize a thorough clea ning on the campus.可以表許可2. 1 Some people who don t like to talk much are not necessarily;shyey may just be quiet people. 有可能，也許may表猜想，用于肯定或否

12、認(rèn)句中，此例表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在某種情況的猜想2 You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers may not like the design of the furniture.也許，可能may表猜想，用于肯定或否認(rèn)句中，may not為“可能不的意思3I can t find my purse any where.You may have lost it while shopp ing.may表猜想，may have done表示對(duì)過去或者現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作的肯定猜想3. May God bless you!祝;但愿

13、五might1.1 was won deri ng if I might ask you a favor?可不可以，能否用于禮貌地打斷別人.提出問題.做出請(qǐng)求或引出接下來要說的話2. Excuse me.Is this the right way to the Summer Palace? Sorry , I am not sure.But it might be.可能表不是很有把握的猜想，語氣比 may弱3. Where is my dicti on ary? I remember I put it here yesterday.You might have put it i n the w

14、rong place.might表猜想，might have done那么表示對(duì)過去或者現(xiàn)已完成的動(dòng)作的肯定猜想=may have done4. I told your friend how to get to the hotel , but perhaps I might have driven her there.此處，might have done表虛擬語氣，意為過去原本可能/可以做到的事而未做5. This holiday isn t much fun; wemighas well be back home.只好做;做也無妨六will1. The low test score, the

15、y thi nk,will make it impossible for them to get into a good college.將表示將來2. You will carry out these in struct ions and report back into this after noon.表示將來的正式安排3. He will become her senior adviser- her deputy, if you will.愿意4. Anyone, an swer the phone? I will.臨時(shí)的決定5. Mary will sit for hours read

16、i ng.The window will not ope n, however hard he tries.表現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常反復(fù)的動(dòng)作或者趨向6. Man will die without air.表必然性七would1. John promised his doctor he would not smoke , and he has never smoked ever since.will的過去式，用于轉(zhuǎn)述將2. Hurry up! It would be a shame to miss the beg inning of the play.Shed be a fool to accept it.

17、將，將會(huì)表示判斷或看法3.She wouldn tchange it even though she knew it was wrong.不愿表示意愿4. When he had a problem to solve , he would work at it until he found an answer.常常表示過去的習(xí)慣She would be always the first to offer to help.The car wouldn tstart this morning.老是，表趨向八shall1. We/I shall call you back this after no

18、on.表將來用于No.1人稱2. - Has Mr. Tom White arrived? - Yes, already. Shall he wait outside or just come in?shall用在疑問句中，且主語為No.1/No.3人稱，表示征求對(duì)方意見3. 1 What does the sign over there read? No person shall smke or carry a lighted cigarette , cigar or pipe in this area.declared the2“The interest ball be divided i

19、nto five parts , according to the agreement made by both sides ,judge.3You shall get the answer tomorrow.4They shall not be allowed in after 11 p.m.shall用在陳述句中，且主語為No.2/No.3人稱時(shí)，表示允諾、命令、警告、決心或規(guī)定九should/ought to1. I think I ll give Bob a rin You should. You haven t been in touch with him for ages. 應(yīng)該;

20、應(yīng)當(dāng)2. Margaret should not stay at home all day long in front of the TV .應(yīng)該，必須表示給出指示或公布官方命令2 That s right. She ought to go to the fitness center with us.應(yīng)該，必須3. There should not be any difficulty about pass ing the road test since you have practised a lot.應(yīng)該，可能表示預(yù)期或可能性4.If you should be fired, your he

21、alth and pension benefits will not be automatically cut off將要，假定要用在虛擬條件從句中表示事件發(fā)生的可能性5.1 in sisted that we should have a look at every car應(yīng)該用在某些動(dòng)詞、名詞之后that引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣從句中6. Its surpris in g/stra nge that he should be a thief.竟然用在某些adj./n.之后that引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣中7. I ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow. You shou

22、ld have told her last week.should have done=ought to have done , 表示本應(yīng)該做的事而未做8. You oughtn t to have been late for yesterday； Ssciawsasnsjetinportant.ought not to have done=should not have done，表示過去本不該做的事卻做了注：ought to與should的用法區(qū)別如下1. 一般說來，兩者可替換，只是ought to語氣稍重。如:You ought to/should go and see Mary. 你應(yīng)

23、該去看看瑪麗。應(yīng)該做某事時(shí)，一般應(yīng)用t thi nk we will.此句不宜用should。ought to,2. 表示出于法令規(guī)那么、行為準(zhǔn)那么、道德責(zé)任等客觀情況而 假設(shè)用should那么強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)人意見、主觀看法。女口： We ought to go and see Mary tomorrow, but I don明天我們按理應(yīng)該去看看瑪麗，但是我認(rèn)為我們?nèi)ゲ涣恕?. 在公告、須知或條例中，出于禮貌，常用should.女口：You should not run alon gside the swim min g-pool. 不準(zhǔn)在游泳池邊奔跑十must/ have to1. It s th

24、e office! So you must know eating is not allowed here. Oh, sorry. 必須，應(yīng)當(dāng)通常因?yàn)橐?guī)定或法律2. In crowded places like airports and railway stations , you must take care of your luggage. 務(wù)必，一定要用于表示建議或邀請(qǐng)John, look at the time. Must you play the piano at such a late hour? 偏偏，非要用于問句中表示生氣4. Tom, you must nt leave al

25、l your clothes on the floor like this! 一定不要Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is? She_must be_in the classroom. I saw her there just now. 很可能是，想必是，肯定是must表猜想，只用于肯定句中，此句是對(duì)現(xiàn)在的猜想Guess what? I have got A for my term paper.Great!You must have read widely and put a lot of work into it.must have done表示據(jù)情況對(duì)過去情況進(jìn)行

26、肯定的推測(cè)，只用于肯定句中Some aspects of a pilot s job can besbdripigots often have to work at inconvenient hours.必須，不得不What do you think we can do for our aged pare nts?You don t have to doything except to be with them and be yourself.不必【解析】have to和must1兩詞都是 必須的意思，have to表示客觀的需要，must表示說話人主觀上的看法，既主觀上的必要。My brot

27、her was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the ni ght.我弟弟病得很厲害，我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請(qǐng)來?？陀^上需要做這件事He said that they must work hard.他說他們必須努力工作。主觀上要做這件事2have to有人稱.數(shù)時(shí)態(tài)的變化，而must只有一種形式。但must可用于間接引語中表示過去的必要或義務(wù)。He had to look after his sister yesterday.3在否認(rèn)結(jié)構(gòu)中：dont have to表示不必must nt表示禁止，You dont ha

28、ve to tell him about it.你不一定要把此事告訴他。You must nt tell him about it.你一定不要把這件事告訴他。十一- n eed/ dare1. What sort of house do you want to have? Someth ing big?Well， it need not be big that s not important.必要need作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞只用于否認(rèn)句和疑問句中2. Catherine，I have cleaned the room for you.Than ks.You n eed n t va done it.l

29、 could man age it myself.neednthave done表示過去本不必做的事卻做了3. I dare say you are British but you still n eed a passport to prove it.可能，大概；想必，我想【固定搭配】4. The goverme nt dare not raise in terest rates aga in.敢dare作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞只用于否認(rèn)句和疑問句中5. How dare you talk to me like that?竟敢dare作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞只用于否認(rèn)句和疑問句中【解析】1.need/dare作情態(tài)動(dòng)

30、詞無人稱或數(shù)的變化，后接動(dòng)詞原形，多用于否認(rèn)句和疑問句中，但I(xiàn) dare say例外。2. need作為行為動(dòng)詞有人稱和數(shù)的變化，后面可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞及帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式；可用于肯定句、疑問句和否認(rèn)句中。如：1 She needs help她需要幫助。2-Do I need to go at once?我需要馬上走嗎？區(qū)另U Need I go at once?- Yes, you must. / No, you neednt.3It was Sun day and she did n tn eed to go to work. So she stayed at home.后力口 to，

31、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 She n eed nthave gone to work that day. She could have stayed at home.后加原形，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞3. dare用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，其后可帶動(dòng)詞不定式，否認(rèn)句中也可帶省to不定式，且有人稱和數(shù)以及時(shí)態(tài)的變化。例如：1 I dare to jump dow n from the top of the wall.我敢從那墻頭上跳下來。2 She doesnt/didn dare to meet her teachers eyes.她不敢與老師對(duì)視。三、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞重點(diǎn)用法小結(jié) 表示猜想可能性詞形r 1、，冃定式否認(rèn)式疑問式must必然.必

32、定/should按說應(yīng)該/ought to按說應(yīng)該/can/不可能有可能嗎？could微弱的可能不可能語氣比can弱may或許，也許，可能不/might比may還弱比may not還弱/【注】對(duì)現(xiàn)在或者將來可能發(fā)生事情的猜想的結(jié)構(gòu)為：must/should/ought to/can t/could/may/might + V( 原形) 對(duì)過去可能發(fā)生事情的猜想的結(jié)構(gòu)為：must/ can t/could n t/may/might + have V-ed例如： He may/might/must/should be on his way home now.( 現(xiàn)在)I didn hear th

33、e phone. I must have been asleep.(過去)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+完成式用法例句must have done過去想必/準(zhǔn)是/一定做了 否認(rèn)為：can /couldn havedoneIt must have rained last night, for the road is quite muddy.can/could not have done用于疑問句/否認(rèn)句，表猜想，過去可能做了某事Can he have gone to his aunts? He cannot have forgotte n it.could have done表虛擬，用于

34、肯定句，“過去 本可以做而未做Tom could have done better in the exam.may/might (not) have done1. 也許，或許冃疋句2. 可能不否認(rèn)句3. 表虛擬語氣，“過去本可 以做到而沒做到It S too late. I think he may have gone to bed.He may not have fini shed the work.You did nt do the work well that day. You might have done it better.should/ought to have done過去本該

35、做某事，而實(shí)際上 未做You ought to have done this exercise more carefully.should not/ought not to have done過去本不該做某事，而實(shí)際 上做了You should n Shave told her the truth.n eed nthave done過去本不必做某事而做了You n eed n Shave take n a taxi there, for it was very n ear to my house.had better ( not) have done過去最好沒做了You had better

36、not have scolded me.would rather (not) have done寧愿過去沒做了I raised objections at the meeting, but now I would rather not have done that.would like/love(not) to havedone過去本不打算做但未做 成I would love to have gone to the party last ni ght, but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞解題技巧關(guān)鍵詞：一情，二境，三時(shí)(1

37、)認(rèn)真審題，結(jié)合所給出的語境，正確把握說話者的語氣情感態(tài)度觀點(diǎn)等。(2) 認(rèn)真思考所給選項(xiàng)中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的根本特征和用法，并結(jié)合語境推敲答案。(3) 要注意把握時(shí)間概念。 例如：Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don t think weit without you.過去“(要)沒你A. can man age B. could have man agedC. could man age D. can have man aged根據(jù)題干中所給出的時(shí)間last week可知我們已經(jīng)做完了工作，已經(jīng)完成，故排除A.C兩項(xiàng)，再結(jié)合could(n

38、ot) have done表示猜想可知說話者想表達(dá)的意思是：要沒你，我們不可能完成這項(xiàng)工作。故答案為B項(xiàng)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞經(jīng)典考題1. Iuse a clock to wake me up because at six oclock each morning the train comes by my house.A. could ntB. must ntC. should ntD. need nt2. I m going to Europe on vacation together with John if I _ d the money.A. canB. mightC. wouldD. n eed3. Wethe difficulty together, but why didn t you tell me?A. should faceB. might faceC. could have faced D. must have faced4. The new law states that peopledrive after drinking alcohol.A. would ntB. need ntC. wo ntD. must nt5. It s quite warm