助動(dòng)詞用法及練習(xí)

1、be動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞do/does的用法區(qū)別及練習(xí)助動(dòng)詞，顧名思義就是幫助動(dòng)詞完成疑問(wèn)及否定的，本身沒(méi)有什么含義。主要的助動(dòng)詞有be,do,will,have等，其用法詳述如下： 一、 由連系動(dòng)詞am，is，are構(gòu)成的句子：變一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)把a(bǔ)m，is，are提到句子的前面，句尾用問(wèn)號(hào)即可。變否定句時(shí)直接在am，is，are后面加not即可。例如： 肯定句:He is a student.一般疑問(wèn)句: Is he a student?否定句: He is not a student.畫線提問(wèn): 對(duì)he提問(wèn): Who is a student?對(duì) a student 提問(wèn): What is

2、 he?(2)was 是am,is的過(guò)去式，were是are的過(guò)去式，若句子中有以上兩詞時(shí)，變疑問(wèn)句及否定句方法與（1）相同。二、(1) 由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, may,will ，shall等構(gòu)成的句子: 變一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)把 can, may,will ，shall提到句子的前面,句尾用問(wèn)號(hào)即可.變否定句時(shí)直接在can,may,后面加not即可. 例如: 肯定句: She can swim. 一般疑問(wèn)句: Can she swim? 否定句: She can not swim. 畫線提問(wèn): 對(duì)she提問(wèn): Who can swim? 對(duì)swim提問(wèn): What can she do?（2）coul

3、d,might,would,should是can,may,will,shall的過(guò)去式，若句子中有以上兩詞時(shí)，變疑問(wèn)句及否定句方法與（1）相同。三、（1）由行為動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的句子: 需要加助詞do或does. 變一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)把do/does放在句子前面. 變否定句時(shí)把dont/doesnt放在動(dòng)詞的前面。要注意觀察動(dòng)詞的形式并對(duì)號(hào)入座。一般疑問(wèn)句和否定句的動(dòng)詞三單式都要變回原型。play-do      plays-does例如:肯定句: They play football after school.    He p

4、lays football after school.一般疑問(wèn)句: Do they play football after school?   Does he play football after school?否定句: They don't (do not) play football after school. He doesnt play football after school.畫線提問(wèn): 對(duì)they/he提問(wèn): Who plays football after school?  對(duì)play football提問(wèn): What do they d

5、o after school? What does he do after school?對(duì)after school提問(wèn): When do they play football? When does he play football?（2）did是do和did的過(guò)去式，變一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)把did放在句子前面. 變否定句時(shí)把didnt放在動(dòng)詞的前面, 要注意觀察動(dòng)詞的形式并對(duì)號(hào)入座。一般疑問(wèn)句和否定句的動(dòng)詞都要變回原型。四、(1)由have,has構(gòu)成的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)句子，變一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)把have,has提到句子的前面，句尾用問(wèn)號(hào)即可。變否定句時(shí)直接在have,has后面加not即可。例如：肯定句：He

6、 has read todays newspaper.一般疑問(wèn)句: Has he read todays newspaper.?否定句: He has not read todays newspape畫線提問(wèn): 對(duì)he提問(wèn): Who has read todays newspaper?對(duì)todays newspaper提問(wèn): What has he did? (2)had是have和has的過(guò)去式，在構(gòu)成的過(guò)去完成時(shí)句子中，變一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)把had提到到句子的前面，句尾用問(wèn)號(hào)即可。變否定句時(shí)直接在had后面加not即可。(3)若have,has,had沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子中，則當(dāng)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞對(duì)待，

7、請(qǐng)參考實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的用法。五、第一人稱I，we在變疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，應(yīng)變?yōu)榈诙朔Qyou?！癐 am, you /we /they are”這是初一最簡(jiǎn)單的固定搭配，不應(yīng)再嘮叨了吧！ 六、is,has,does用于第三人稱的現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，was用于第三人稱的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。針對(duì)性練習(xí)按要求改寫句子：1.I have been to Beijin(一般疑問(wèn)句)            _ _ _ to Beijin?2.We can see some birds.(一般疑問(wèn)句)_ _ see _ birds?3.He d

8、esigns clothes.(一般疑問(wèn)句)   _ he _ clothes?4.There were some flowers on the teachers desk.(一般疑問(wèn)句)_ _ _ flowers on the teachers desk?5.There were some apples on the tree.(否定句)There _ _ _ apples on the tree.6.I think he is very old.(否定句)I _ think he _ very old.7.Please colour it green.(否定句)_ _

9、colour it green.8.They had lunch(變否定句)_ _ _ _.9.You may have some hot dogs.(一般疑問(wèn)句)_ _ _ _ _?.10.There arent any pears in the box.(同義句)There are _ pears in the box.11.This sign means “No smoking”.What _ this sign _?12.She has already written the letter.(改為否定句)she_ _ 13.She was young.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句） _ _ _?1

10、4.My pencils are in the pencil-box.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))_ _ your pencils?15.I got up at six yesterday(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))_ _ _ you get up yesterday?16.They liked to walk home.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)_ they _ _ _ _?17.These are cars.(用buses改寫成選擇疑問(wèn)句)Are these cars_ _ ?18.My plant is one month old.(就劃線部分提問(wèn))_ _ _ _ plant?19.Two boys are in

11、our house.(改為there be句型)_ _ two boys in our house.20.My plant has two green leaves. (就劃線部分提問(wèn))_ _ _ _ _ _plant _?21.Miss Li goes to Hong Kong by plane.（同義句）Miss Li _ _ Hong Kong.22. The women worked in the shoe factory.（就劃線部分提問(wèn)）_ _ _ women _?23.He is happy, because he is going to take a trip tomorrow

12、.（就劃線部分提問(wèn)）_ _ _ _?24.My father can cook the meals.（就劃線部分提問(wèn)）_ _ _ father _?25. You should add water often.（一般疑問(wèn)句）_ _ _ water often?一、變否定句時(shí)相關(guān)詞的改變肯定句變否定句時(shí)，除將謂語(yǔ)變?yōu)榉穸ㄊ酵猓渲衅渌~語(yǔ)也可能隨之改變，如將some改為any，too和also改為either，already改為yet，and改為or等：There are some birds in the tree. 樹上有些鳥。There arent any birds in the tre

13、e. 樹上沒(méi)有鳥。He likes the girl, too. 他也喜歡這個(gè)女孩。He doesnt like the girl, either. 他也不喜歡這個(gè)女孩。We have already seen the film. 我們已看過(guò)這部電影。We have not seen the film yet. 我們沒(méi)有看這部電影。He likes singing and dancing. 他喜歡唱歌和跳舞。He doesnt like singing or dancing. 他不喜歡唱歌也不喜歡跳舞。二、部分否定與完全否定比較以下句子：All of us laughed when we he

14、ard it. 聽到這事時(shí)我們都笑了。(肯定句)All of us didnt laughed when we heard it. 聽到這事時(shí)我們并未都笑。(部分否定)Not all of us laughed when we heard it. 聽到這事時(shí)我們并未都笑。(部分否定)None of us laughed when we heard it. 聽到這事時(shí)我們都沒(méi)笑。(完全否定)【注】可能涉及部分否定的詞語(yǔ)有both, all, always, every等，即not both表示“并非兩者都”，not all 表示“并非所有的都”，not always 表示“并非總是”，not every表示“并非每個(gè)都”。練習(xí)答案：1. Have you been, 2. Can you any, 3.Does design, 4.Were there any, 5.were not any, 6.dont is,7.Please dont, 8.They didnt have lunch, 9.May you have any hot dogs, 10.no, 11.Does mean,12.has not written the letter yet, 13.Was she young, 14.Where are