橋梁工程PPT(姚林森第二版)第2篇第4章

1、第二篇 鋼筋混凝土和預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋第4章 裝配式簡支梁橋的設(shè)計與構(gòu)造Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology本章內(nèi)容 4.1 裝配式簡支梁橋的構(gòu)造類型 4.2 裝配式鋼筋混凝土簡支梁橋 4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋 4.4 組合梁橋 Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology(1)截面型式 Section

2、 4.1 裝配式簡支梁橋的構(gòu)造類型（第1章已講）裝配式簡支梁橋的截面型式可分為：形、形、T T形和箱形形和箱形。形T形箱形Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology知識點：裝配式簡支梁橋的截面形式，開始講解這個知識點a.施工穩(wěn)定性好，安裝較方便；b.腹板薄，配筋通常只能采用鋼筋網(wǎng)片，難以形成骨架；c.鋼筋用量相對較多，構(gòu)件重量較大；d.通常采用鋼筋混凝土(RC)，適用跨徑為612m。 4.1 裝配式簡支梁橋的構(gòu)造類型(1)截面型式 Section 形截面的

3、特點：形Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology武漢理工大學(xué)交通學(xué)院 制作：陳小佳a(bǔ).制造簡單；b.肋內(nèi)配筋可以做成鋼筋骨架；c.整體性較好，接頭方便;d.施工穩(wěn)定性差，運輸和安裝較復(fù)雜；e.構(gòu)件在橋面板的跨中接頭，對板的受力不利；f.采用RC時，適用跨徑為4.520m； 采用PC時，適用跨徑為2040m。 4.1 裝配式簡支梁橋的構(gòu)造類型(1)截面型式 Section T形截面的特點：斷面Dept of Road & Bridge Engineerin

4、g, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technologya.抗扭剛度大，偏心荷載下梁的受力較均勻；b.橫向抗彎剛度大，穩(wěn)定性好；c.制作較復(fù)雜，重量相對較大。 SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.1 裝配式簡支梁橋的構(gòu)造類型(1)截面型式 Section 箱形截面的特點：箱形Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology知識點：裝配

5、式簡支梁橋的截面形式，講解結(jié)束塊件劃分的原則a.技術(shù)可行：預(yù)制、吊裝、運輸條件b.受力較?。航涌p的位置c.施工簡單：接縫的數(shù)量d.力求標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化塊件劃分方式a.縱向豎縫b.縱向水平縫c.縱、橫向豎縫 SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.1 裝配式簡支梁橋的構(gòu)造類型(2)塊件劃分 Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology知識點：預(yù)制拼裝塊件的劃分，開始講解這個知識點縱向豎縫 AAA-A沿縱向的

6、豎縫 g恒載應(yīng)力Mg+p活載應(yīng)力Mp=g + p應(yīng)力總和SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.1 裝配式簡支梁橋的構(gòu)造類型Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of TechnologyAAg恒載應(yīng)力MgA-A沿縱向的水平縫 +p活載應(yīng)力Mpp=g + p應(yīng)力總和pSCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.1 裝配式簡支梁橋的構(gòu)造類型縱向水平縫 Dep

7、t of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of TechnologySCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.1 裝配式簡支梁橋的構(gòu)造類型縱、橫向豎縫 Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology知識點：預(yù)制拼裝塊件的劃分，講解結(jié)束本章內(nèi)容 4.1 裝配式簡支梁橋的構(gòu)造類型 4.2 裝配式鋼

8、筋混凝土簡支梁橋 4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋 4.4 組合梁橋 Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology（1）構(gòu)造布置（構(gòu)造原理）SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.2 裝配式鋼筋混凝土簡支梁橋Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology知識點

9、：裝配式鋼筋混凝土簡支梁橋構(gòu)造布置，開始講解這個知識點主梁布置P76橫隔梁布置（1）構(gòu)造布置bl/2l/2l/4l/4b端橫隔板中橫隔板1/4橫隔板AAA-ABBB-BSCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.2 裝配式鋼筋混凝土簡支梁橋Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology主梁及橫隔梁布置實例SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHE

10、N4.2 裝配式鋼筋混凝土簡支梁橋（1）構(gòu)造布置Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of TechnologySCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.2 裝配式鋼筋混凝土簡支梁橋（1）構(gòu)造布置Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of TechnologySCHOOL OF TRANSPORTAT

11、ION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.2 裝配式鋼筋混凝土簡支梁橋（1）構(gòu)造布置Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology知識點：裝配式鋼筋混凝土簡支梁橋構(gòu)造布置，講解結(jié)束主梁、翼緣板邊梁中梁1518cmh=(1/111/16)lh=3/4hRA68cmh/12150220cmSCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.2 裝配式鋼筋混凝土簡支梁橋（2）截面尺寸的擬定Dep

12、t of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology知識點：裝配式鋼筋混凝土簡支梁橋截面尺寸的擬定，開始講解這個知識點橫隔板16cm梁高h(yuǎn)=3/4hR14cmSCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.2 裝配式鋼筋混凝土簡支梁橋橫隔板Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technolog

13、ySCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.2 裝配式鋼筋混凝土簡支梁橋Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technologyn 圖例SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.2 裝配式鋼筋混凝土簡支梁橋Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan Unive

14、rsity of Technology知識點：裝配式鋼筋混凝土簡支梁橋截面尺寸的擬定，講解結(jié)束n 主筋n 主筋的彎起n 分布鋼筋n 其它構(gòu)造鋼筋n 保護(hù)層SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.2 裝配式鋼筋混凝土簡支梁橋（3）鋼筋構(gòu)造Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology知識點：裝配式鋼筋混凝土簡支梁橋鋼筋構(gòu)造，開始講解這個知識點SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT

15、 PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.2 裝配式鋼筋混凝土簡支梁橋Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology知識點：裝配式鋼筋混凝土簡支梁橋鋼筋構(gòu)造，講解結(jié)束P81 干接頭 濕接頭SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.2 裝配式鋼筋混凝土簡支梁橋（4）裝配式主梁的連接構(gòu)造Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportati

16、on, Wuhan University of Technology知識點：裝配式主梁的連接構(gòu)造，開始講解這個知識點n 濕接頭實例 連接前 連接后 SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.2 裝配式鋼筋混凝土簡支梁橋（4）裝配式主梁的連接構(gòu)造Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology知識點：裝配式主梁的連接構(gòu)造，講解結(jié)束本章內(nèi)容 4.1 裝配式簡支梁橋的構(gòu)造類型 4.2 裝配式鋼筋混凝土簡支梁

17、橋 4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋 4.4 組合梁橋 Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology（1）構(gòu)造布置SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology知識點：裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支

18、梁橋構(gòu)造布置，開始講解這個知識點n 端部梁肋加厚n 梁肋下部加寬成馬蹄形n 翼緣板加寬（1）構(gòu)造布置SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology（1）構(gòu)造布置SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋Dept of Road & Bri

19、dge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technologyn 圖例（1）構(gòu)造布置SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology知識點：裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋構(gòu)造布置，講解結(jié)束n 核心截面概念 SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATIO

20、N, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋（2）截面尺寸擬定Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology知識點：裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋截面尺寸的擬定，開始講解這個知識點SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transporta

21、tion, Wuhan University of Technology（2）截面尺寸擬定PPhx=0s=01/3h1/3h1/3h核心距kSCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology（2）截面尺寸擬定n 截面上受正彎矩和軸向力作用時,彎矩的作用等效于軸向力上移一段距離： P hePMe = M / PSCHOOL OF TR

22、ANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology（2）截面尺寸擬定4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋（2）截面尺寸擬定4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋 假定跨中截面，截面特征如上 。 在預(yù)加力階段，當(dāng)施加偏心預(yù)應(yīng)力Ny時，由于梁的反拱，跨中截面因梁本身的重量而產(chǎn)生彎矩Mg1，該彎矩的作用使得Ny的作用點上移e，作用在下核心點，截面上緣達(dá)到零應(yīng)力狀態(tài)。

23、Nye=Mg1（Mg1抵消上緣拉應(yīng)力彎矩）（2）截面尺寸擬定4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋（2）截面尺寸擬定 在運營階段，隨著后期橫載（橋面鋪裝，人行道和欄桿等）彎矩Mg2和活載彎矩Mp的作用，預(yù)加力合力點將進(jìn)一步上移，只要預(yù)應(yīng)力大小適宜，就能使得其作用位置正好處于上核心點，此時計及預(yù)應(yīng)力損失Ny后截面內(nèi)力Ny=Ny-Ny，移動的距離為k=ku+ko（k即為核心距），此時截面下緣應(yīng)力為零。 平衡方程為（Mg2+Mp使Ny上移到上核心點，隨Ny的上移，要使下緣不產(chǎn)生拉應(yīng)力，必須使在后續(xù)荷載作用下，滿足）： （Ny-Ny）（ku+ko）=Mg2+Mp下緣拉應(yīng)力抵消彎矩 下緣拉應(yīng)力彎矩n 結(jié)論a

24、.截面設(shè)計中應(yīng)使截面的形心位置要高，以加大偏心距e，從而節(jié)省預(yù)應(yīng)力筋的數(shù)量； e= Mg1 / Ny Ny e= Mg1b.截面核心距的大小體現(xiàn)了運營階段承受荷載的能力，而且核心距k值越大，預(yù)應(yīng)力筋就越節(jié)?。?ko+ky= (Mg2 + Mp ) / ( Ny - Ny ) ( Ny - Ny )(ko+ky)= (Mg2 + Mp )SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋（2）截面尺寸擬定Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transporta

25、tion, Wuhan University of Technologyn 截面效率指標(biāo) = k / h 。 通常希望在0.45到0.5之間。n 好的預(yù)應(yīng)力T形梁設(shè)計，應(yīng)當(dāng)是截面效率指標(biāo)大，形心位置高。一般地說，腹板愈薄， 值也愈大；馬蹄愈小，翼緣愈寬，則形心位置越高。hb1ba. h=（1/16 1/18 ）lb. h=（0.150.2） h c. b=1.82.3md. b=0.140.18me. b1=(2.03.0) bf. 馬蹄區(qū)管道保護(hù)層厚度6cmh.馬蹄面積不宜少于全截面的10%12%bh45SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X

26、J CHEN4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋（2）截面尺寸擬定Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology知識點：裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋截面尺寸的擬定，講解結(jié)束武漢理工大學(xué)交通學(xué)院 制作：陳小佳4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology (3)縱向預(yù)應(yīng)力筋布置特點n 索界圖 核心距

27、K的概念是集中力作用于兩核心之間時，界面上下邊緣將不出現(xiàn)拉應(yīng)力。如果說允許截面出現(xiàn)不大于規(guī)定拉應(yīng)力值（部分預(yù)應(yīng)力），那么同樣可找出上、下兩個特征點，我們稱之為上、下限心點，分別以Co和Cu表示，顯然限心距CoCu大于核心距K。 按前面“截面效率指標(biāo)”同樣的分析方法可知，外荷載的增加，等價于預(yù)加力位置的上移。因此束界可按如下的方法確定。 知識點：裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋配筋特點，開始講解這個知識點武漢理工大學(xué)交通學(xué)院 制作：陳小佳4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan

28、 University of Technology確定方法： 從下限心點Cu向下量取Mg1/Ny所得的曲線為索界下限【依據(jù)： Nye=Mg1（Mg1抵消上緣拉應(yīng)力彎矩） 】，再從上限心點Co向下量取 M/Ny所得的曲線為索界上限【依據(jù)： （Ny-Ny）（ku+ko）=Mg2+Mp 】。 位于上限時，下緣等于規(guī)定拉應(yīng)力。 位于下限時，上緣等于規(guī)定拉應(yīng)力。 h=(Ny Ny)ftCoNyk上限心點CuNyft下限心點張拉階段運營階段抗拉極限強(qiáng)度SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋上、下限心點和索界 D

29、ept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology上限心點下限心點CoCuMg1M=Mg1+Mg2+MpMg1 / Ny(Mg2+Mp )/ NySCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technologyn 索界

30、圖 武漢理工大學(xué)交通學(xué)院 制作：陳小佳4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology n 減余剪力圖 預(yù)應(yīng)力Ny剪力抵消恒載、活載剪力（Qg+p）后的剪力圖 預(yù)應(yīng)力筋的錨固分兩種情形：在先張法梁中，鋼絲或鋼筋主要靠混凝土的握裹力錨固在梁體內(nèi)；在后張法梁中則通過各類錨具錨固在梁端或梁頂。SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋n 縱向預(yù)

31、應(yīng)力筋的錨固 Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of TechnologySCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technologya.先張法的錨固 先張法梁中預(yù)應(yīng)力鋼絲端段的應(yīng)力傳遞。SCHOOL OF TRANSPO

32、RTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology 鋼絲錨結(jié)SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Techno

33、logyb.后張法的錨固 后張法中錨具底下的混凝土劈裂力。 SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology 后張法中梁端錨固區(qū)的配筋構(gòu)造。SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN1.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋Dept of Road & Bridge Enginee

34、ring, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology后張法也可以采用帶有預(yù)埋錨具的預(yù)制鋼筋混凝土端板來錨固預(yù)應(yīng)力筋。SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋(4) 構(gòu)造實例p95Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of TechnologySCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCE

35、D BY：X J CHEN4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋(4) 構(gòu)造實例p96Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of TechnologySCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋(4) 構(gòu)造實例 A caseDept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Techn

36、ologySCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋工地現(xiàn)場構(gòu)造Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology武漢理工大學(xué)交通學(xué)院 制作：陳小佳4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology武漢理工大學(xué)

37、交通學(xué)院 制作：陳小佳4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology知識點：裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋配筋特點，講解結(jié)束本章內(nèi)容 4.1 裝配式簡支梁橋的構(gòu)造類型 4.2 裝配式鋼筋混凝土簡支梁橋 4.3 裝配式預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋 4.4 組合梁橋 Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology4.4 組合梁橋 Composite beam bridge 組合梁橋也是一種裝配式的橋跨結(jié)構(gòu)，不過它是進(jìn)一步用縱向水平裂縫將橋梁的梁肋部分與橋面板(翼板)分割開來，橋面板再借縱橫向的豎縫劃分成平面內(nèi)呈矩形的預(yù)制構(gòu)件，這樣就是單梁的整體截面變成與肋的組合截面。 組合梁橋有鋼筋混凝土工形梁、少筋微彎板與現(xiàn)澆橋面的T形組合梁橋、預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土的T形組合梁橋以及箱型組合梁橋等幾種。Dept of Road & Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation, Wuhan Universi