非謂語動(dòng)詞攻略學(xué)案

1、非謂語動(dòng)詞攻略一能用作主語和賓語的只有動(dòng)名詞doing和不定式(to do) 1.作主語Swimming in the river is dangerous. (表抽象 ,泛指) Fishing is his hobby. (表屢次 ,習(xí)慣) To master a foreign language is not easy. To get less weight is not easy for me.=It is not easy for me to get less weight. (It 作為_)不定式的特征是_.2.作賓語 We enjoyed playing football afte

2、r school.3 作表語1.動(dòng)名詞: His hobby is collecting stamps.主語內(nèi)容2.現(xiàn)在分詞: The situation is encouraging. (主語特征)3.過去分詞: The door remains locked.主語狀態(tài)4.不定式: His wish is to be a doctor. (主語的內(nèi)容)4 作定語1.動(dòng)名詞：That is a swimming pool.( )2.現(xiàn)在分詞：一般式：He is a promising young man. 被動(dòng)式：The meeting being held is very important

3、. 正在舉辦的會(huì)議很重要。3.過去分詞：一般式Have you read the novel written by Dickens? 你讀過狄更斯寫的小說么？4.不定式(必須后置): They have a lot of homework to do everyday.(homework和to do是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系) 正譯：每天他們有許多要做的作業(yè)。 Would you like something to drink? 你想要一些喝的東西么？ Captain Cook was the last one to leave the sinking ship.庫克船長是最后一個(gè)離開正在下沉的船的人。被on

4、ly first last next 以及序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾的名詞常常用to do作后置定語抽象名詞后表名詞的內(nèi)容：ability ambition attempt chance courage time decision effort failure promise right(權(quán)利) way wish +to doHe has fulfilled(實(shí)現(xiàn)) his ambition雄心to be a writer.表即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)過 ,相當(dāng)于定語從句The conference to take place in Shanghai next week is of great importa

5、nce.=The conference which will take place in Shanghai next week is of great importance.五：作狀語(非謂語作狀語句子需要增加翻譯)：不定式作狀語1.目的 He went out to get some soy sauce. To succeed, we must make good preparation. 2.結(jié)果(出乎意料) He left,never to return. The reporter went to the airport, only to find the star had alread

6、y left.3.原因 I am sorry to hear that. *4.在某方面 We are eager to take part in the work. 狀語從句解析分詞作狀語1.表時(shí)間 When he heard the news, he jumped with joy. _(hear) the news, he jumped with joy. When he was asked why he was late,the boy made no answer. _(ask) why he was late,the boy made no answer. 2.表原因As she

7、was ill, she went home. _(be) ill,she went home. Because he was encouraged by the teachers words,he went on with his research work. _(encourage) by the teachers words,he went on with his research work.3.表?xiàng)l件 If you work hard, you will succeed._(work) hard, you will succeed.If the trees are given more

8、 attention, the trees could have grown better._(give) more attention, the trees could have grown better.4.表讓步 Having failed many times, he didnt lost heart. Though he was laughed at by many people, he continued his research work. _(laugh) at by many people, he continued his research work.5.表伴隨 (無對應(yīng)的

9、狀語從句 ,由并列句改成) She sat at the desk and read a newspaper. She sat at the desk _(read) a newspaper.The teacher sat there,and he was surrounded by many students.The teacher sat there, _ (surround) by many students.6.表結(jié)果 She fell off the bike and broke her left leg. She fell off the bike,thus _(break) he

10、r left leg.7.表方式 Please answer the question using another way. 請用另一種方式答復(fù)這個(gè)問題 非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別1.I waited for him at the train station for an hour and I was afraid that he might miss the train, but luckily, he showed up with only ten minutes_.A.remain B.to remain C. remained D.remaining2.Open your heart,an

11、d youll make yourself better_.A.known B.knowing C. to know D.know3.If you have your kid _(behave)so badly,he may not get along well with others.1 感官動(dòng)詞see,watch,observe,notice,hear,feel +賓語+ do 主動(dòng)完成 doing 主動(dòng) ,正在進(jìn)行done 被動(dòng)和完成 We heard her singing next door. We heard her often sing next door. We heard t

12、he song sung by her.2 使役動(dòng)詞1.make +賓語+do / doneHe made his workers work 12 hours a day.He tried to make himself understood.2.let +賓語+ do/be doneDont let your child play with matches.We will not let our history and culture be destroyed.3.have +賓語+do/doing/doneMother had me go to the shop and buy some

13、salt.The boss had the workers working day and night.(持續(xù)做)I had my computer repaired yesterday.4.get +賓語+to do/doing/doneHe got me to post the letter for him.The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest.開始做Ill get my bike repaired tomorrow.5.leave +sb./sth.+doing(讓某人/物一直做)

14、+sb.+to do(留下某人去做)+sth.+undone(留下某事未做)/be done(留下某事要做)Its wrong of you to leave the machine running.The guests left most of the dishes untouched, because they didnt taste delicious.He left, leaving me to do all the rest(剩下的) work.6.keep+賓語+doing(一直)/done(被動(dòng)完成或狀態(tài))Keep the engine running.You should ke

15、ep me informed of his whereabouts(行蹤).7.find+賓語+ doing/done/to be.Often I found her weeping alone.I found him buried in book.(完成？ 狀態(tài)？)8.catch+賓語+doingI caught John reading my private letters.Have拓展have sth. done “主語遭受.Tom had his leg broken while playing football.have sb. doing “容忍某人.He couldnt have

16、 YongHui getting away with telling people lies.have sth. to do “有.I have something urgent to inform you.With+賓語+doing(主動(dòng)且進(jìn)行)/ done被動(dòng)且完成 / to do將來John received an invitation yo dinner, and with his work finished,he gladly accepted it. With a lot of difficult problems to settle, the newly elected pres

17、ident is having a hard time.附表1：1、 只接動(dòng)名詞而不接不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞口訣考慮建議盼原諒 ,成認(rèn)推遲沒得想。防止錯(cuò)過繼續(xù)練 ,否認(rèn)完成停欣賞。禁止想象才冒險(xiǎn) ,不禁介意棄逃亡。consider考慮 suggest建議 advocate提倡主張 look forward to 盼望forgive原諒 pardon 原諒admit 成認(rèn)postpone延遲延期 delay 延遲 recall回想 fancy 夢想愛好avoid防止miss錯(cuò)過keep保持practise練習(xí) deny否認(rèn)complete/finish 完成cease停止/quit 放棄停止appr

18、eciate感謝欣賞 forbid禁止 prevent 阻止imagine設(shè)想risk冒險(xiǎn)cant help 不禁mind介意escape逃跑逃避1、  enjoy doing sth.享受做某事2、  be busy doing sth忙于做某事3、  have fun doing sth很開心做某事4、  have problems doing sth有問題做某事5、  have difficulties doing sth有困難做某事6、  have trouble doing sth有麻煩做某事7、 spend some ti

19、me doing sth花時(shí)間做某事8、 prefer doing sth to doing sth更喜歡做某事9、 be used to doing sth習(xí)慣于做某事10、look forward to doing sth盼望做某事12、be interested in doing sth有興趣做某事二、接不定式而不接動(dòng)名詞作賓語的30個(gè)常用動(dòng)詞afford to do sth. 負(fù)擔(dān)得起做某事   agree to do sth. 同意做某事arrange to do sth.安排做某事     ask to do sth. 要求做某事beg to do sth. 請求做某事 care to do sth. 想要做某事choose to do sth. 決定做某事 decide to do sth. 決定做某事demand to do sth. 要求做某事 determine to do sth. 決心做某事expect to do sth. 期待做某事 fear to do sth. 害怕做某事help to do sth. 幫助做某事 hope to do sth. 希望做某事learn to do sth. 學(xué)習(xí)做某事 manage to do sth. 設(shè)法做某事offer to do sth. 主動(dòng)提出做