初中賓語從句詳細講解與練習

1、1賓語從句在復合句中用作賓語的從句叫做賓語從句。它是眾多從句中的一員，在復合句中作主句謂語動詞、介詞或某些形容詞的賓語如:I knowthat血 mnn is n policcmm主句引導詞從句賓語從句三大塊：1引導賓語從句的連詞和代詞選擇；2.賓語從句的語序；3.賓語從句的時態(tài)。I賓語從句的引導詞1.陳述句充當賓語從句時，用 that 引導，that 無詞義，在口語或非正式文體中常省略。如：My teacher said I was a good boy 老 師說我是個好男孩。She doesn t know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (th

2、at) he will succeed.用以下開頭與下列句子連成賓語從句：1.1 know2. She says(that)1.They will go home.2.She sings well.1.2._2.當由一般疑問句充當賓語從句時，用 if 或 whether 引導，意為 是否”女口：1) Is Jim a good student?I don t knowdon t know if /whether Jim is a good student.(2) Does Kate get up early? Do you know?Do you know if /whether Kate g

3、ets up early?用以下開頭與下列句子連成賓語從句：1.Do you know2.I want to know3.The teacher asks if/whetherC3.21.1s he readi ng ?2. Will they read books ?3 Can you sing ?1._2._3. _注意：只能用 whether 不用 if 的三種情況? 一般情況下，if 和 whether 可以互換，但以下 3 種 情況只能用 whether：? 與 oror notnot 連用：3.如果賓語從句原來是特殊疑問句，只需用原來的疑問詞引導。如:1. What is she

4、doing? Can you tell me?Can you tell me what she is doing?2. Where does she live? Do you know?Do you know where she lives?用以下開頭與下列句子連成賓語從句：1. Do you know2. I want to know3. Can you tell me 1. What are you doing?2. Where do you live?3. When does he get up?1._CCHe asked me whether or not I was coming.?

5、在介詞之后：It depends on whether it is going to rain.?在不定式之前：We haven t decided whethter go there.Let me know whether you can come or not.I worry about whether I hurt her feelingsI don t know whether accept or refuse.32._n賓語從句的語序：必須是陳述語序3.4句式連詞語序例句陳述句That不變I thi nk that we can be good frien ds.一般疑問句if/wh

6、ether改為陳述語序I can t remember if I posted the letter特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞改為陳述語序He asked whe n the train would leave.注意事項：（一）當從句的原句為以下句子以及 what,what, whowho 作主語時，語序不變：What s wrong? What s the matter?What s happe ning?eg:l don t know what s the matter.Can you tell me who is over there?川賓語從句與主句的時態(tài)要相互呼應1. 如果主句的時態(tài)是一般

7、現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句的時態(tài)根據(jù)具體情況來確定，可以是 _I don t think （that） you are right.Please tell us where we II go omongpw.Do you know whe n Mr. Smith moved here?2. 如果主句的時態(tài)是一般過去時，賓語從句只能用相應的 _寸態(tài)（一般過去時，行時，過去將來時，過去完成時）。例如：He told me that he was born in Beijing in 1992.He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.特殊情況：從句說明的是

8、一般真理、客觀事實、自然現(xiàn)象、名言時，即使主句是過去時態(tài)，從句任然要用_寸。He told the boy that three and three is six.The teacher told us that Lu Xun is a great writer.時態(tài)過去進5即學即練子連接成為含有賓語從句的復合句。1) These flowers are from Guan gdo ng. He said.He said_ these flowers_ from Guangdong.2) Light travels faster tha n sound. My teacher told me.

9、My teacher told me_light_ faster tha n sound.3) There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn t know.Jack didn t know_ there_ a meeting in five days.4) Can they speak Fren ch? I want to know.I want to know_Fren ch.5) How many people can you see in the picture? Who kno ws?Who knows_ in the picture?

10、6) Where did she park her car? Do you know?Do you know_ her car?7) Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don t know.I don t know_ at the door so loudly.8) Does he still live in that street? I dont know.I dont know_ he still_in that street.9) Whats his name? I asked him.I asked him what_ .10) When doe

11、s the train arrive? Please tell me.Please tell me_ .6單項選擇1) I hope_it will snow this win ter.A.whe nB.ifC.whether答案：D hope 后面應該接 that 引導的賓語從句，that 在句中沒有任何意義，可以省略2)_ I don t knowMr.Green will come to see us.He will help us with our En glish.A.whyB.whe nC.howD.where答案：A 從下文的答語看，上文不知道的應該是來看我們的原因3)_1 ca

12、n t remember I have seen him before.A.whether B.whyC.what D.how答案：A 本句表達一種不確定的概念，用 whether 或 if。4)_ Do you know ？ I m going to see him.Sorry， I don t know.答案：C 賓語從句要用陳述語氣，排除 A、B 兩項。從句意判斷問的是 現(xiàn)在住哪兒?5) Where do you thi nk_ he_ the compute？Sorry， I have no idea.A. /； boughtB.has；boughtC.did; buyD.does；b

13、uy答案：A do you think 是插入語，可以把它去掉，分析句意應該用應用過去時態(tài)和陳述語序。6) 1 can t understand_he likes computer games so much.A.thatB.whether C.whyD.where答案：C 句意為 我不理解為什么他那么喜歡電腦游戲”。7) (2010 北京中考大綱卷)一 Do you know_ the MP3 player last week?Sorry， I have no idea.A.how much did she pay forB.how much will she pay forC.how mu

14、ch she paid forD.how much she will pay for答案：C 賓語從句要用陳述語序，由此排除 A、B 兩項，由 last week 判斷應該用過去時態(tài)D./A.where does Mr.Li liveB.where did Mr.LiliveC.where Mr.LilivesD.where Mr.Lilived78) (2010 北京中考大綱卷)I don t know_ tomorrow.Can you tell me?8C.whe n we will startD.whe n will we start答案：C 由 tomorrow 判斷，應該用將來時態(tài)

15、表示。經(jīng)典例題例 1 1 In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper_ Who Moved MyCheesewas an in teresti ng book.A.thatB.howC.whatD.if思路解析：注意本句中斜體部分是一本書的名字誰動了我的奶酪，本句含義是 一個讀者問書 店管理員這本書是不是有趣”。所以答案是 D 項。答案：D黑色陷阱：本題的主要陷阱是書名Who Moved My Cheese它本身含有一個 who,容易給人造成誤解。綠色通道：在英語中，注意書名一般都是斜體的，且書名的首字母是大寫的，注意把它看成一個 獨立的完整

16、的東西。例 2 2 I was told_Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers.A.that howB.how thatC.when thatD.that whe n思路解析：注意后面從句的含義是 比爾 蓋茨十三歲的時候開始玩電腦”,應該用 when 表示 當.時”，本句中的 that 是賓語從句的引導詞。所以選 D 項。答案：D黑色陷阱：本句結構復雜，主要陷阱設置在when 上，它在本句中起到引導后面的時間狀語的作用。綠色通道：做此類題，要慢慢理順思路，不要鉆牛角尖，當一種含義說不通時，從另一個角度或 另一個含義考慮。

17、例 3 3 （2010 江蘇蘇州中考）一 I wonder_.Zebras.A. what do they call these ani malsB. how they call these an imalsC. what they call these ani malsD. how do they call these an imalsA.whe n we startedB.when did westart9思路解析：本句含義是 我想知道他們叫這些動物什么”，排除 B、D 兩項。另外賓語從句要用陳 述語序。所以選 C 項。答案：C黑色陷阱：本句容易譯成 他們怎樣稱呼這些動物”而錯選 how，注意本句中隱含句型 call sb. sth.含義是稱呼某人”。綠色通道：解答本類題首先分析句意，確定引導詞，然后看好語序和時態(tài)。例 4 4 （2010 北京中考）1 m different from my twin sisterlove dancing _she is interested inreadi ng.A.soB.orC.butD.a nd思路解析:本句是轉折關系，選擇 C 項。答案：C黑色陷阱:本句陷阱在于選項前后都是肯定句形式，不細讀題而誤選D 項。綠色通道:并列句主要是根據(jù)句意來